1
0
mirror of https://github.com/adambard/learnxinyminutes-docs.git synced 2025-08-12 01:34:19 +02:00

Fixes typos

This commit is contained in:
Aayush Ranaut
2015-10-07 20:50:30 -04:00
parent 5c677e8071
commit 83a229e3f5

View File

@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ contributors:
- ["Nami-Doc", "http://github.com/Nami-Doc"] - ["Nami-Doc", "http://github.com/Nami-Doc"]
--- ---
Perl 6 is a highly capable, feature-rich programming language made for at Perl 6 is a highly capable, feature-rich programming language made for at
least the next hundred years. least the next hundred years.
The primary Perl 6 compiler is called [Rakudo](http://rakudo.org), which runs on The primary Perl 6 compiler is called [Rakudo](http://rakudo.org), which runs on
the JVM and [the MoarVM](http://moarvm.com) and the JVM and [the MoarVM](http://moarvm.com) and
[prior to March 2015](http://pmthium.com/2015/02/suspending-rakudo-parrot/), [prior to March 2015](http://pmthium.com/2015/02/suspending-rakudo-parrot/),
[the Parrot VM](http://parrot.org/). [the Parrot VM](http://parrot.org/).
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ sub with-named($normal-arg, :$named) {
with-named(1, named => 6); #=> 7 with-named(1, named => 6); #=> 7
# There's one gotcha to be aware of, here: # There's one gotcha to be aware of, here:
# If you quote your key, Perl 6 won't be able to see it at compile time, # If you quote your key, Perl 6 won't be able to see it at compile time,
# and you'll have a single Pair object as a positional paramater, # and you'll have a single Pair object as a positional parameter,
# which means this fails: # which means this fails:
with-named(1, 'named' => 6); with-named(1, 'named' => 6);
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ sub with-mandatory-named(:$str!) {
say "$str !"; say "$str !";
} }
with-mandatory-named(str => "My String"); #=> My String ! with-mandatory-named(str => "My String"); #=> My String !
with-mandatory-named; # run time error: "Required named parameter not passed" with-mandatory-named; # run time error: "Required named parameter not passed"
with-mandatory-named(3); # run time error: "Too many positional parameters passed" with-mandatory-named(3); # run time error: "Too many positional parameters passed"
## If a sub takes a named boolean argument ... ## If a sub takes a named boolean argument ...
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ sub mutate($n is rw) {
say "\$n is now $n !"; say "\$n is now $n !";
} }
# If what you want is a copy instead, use `is copy`. # If what you want a copy instead, use `is copy`.
# A sub itself returns a container, which means it can be marked as rw: # A sub itself returns a container, which means it can be marked as rw:
my $x = 42; my $x = 42;
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ say "Quite truthy" if True;
# - Ternary conditional, "?? !!" (like `x ? y : z` in some other languages) # - Ternary conditional, "?? !!" (like `x ? y : z` in some other languages)
my $a = $condition ?? $value-if-true !! $value-if-false; my $a = $condition ?? $value-if-true !! $value-if-false;
# - `given`-`when` looks like other languages `switch`, but much more # - `given`-`when` looks like other languages' `switch`, but much more
# powerful thanks to smart matching and thanks to Perl 6's "topic variable", $_. # powerful thanks to smart matching and thanks to Perl 6's "topic variable", $_.
# #
# This variable contains the default argument of a block, # This variable contains the default argument of a block,
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ for @array -> $variable {
# That means you can use `when` in a `for` just like you were in a `given`. # That means you can use `when` in a `for` just like you were in a `given`.
for @array { for @array {
say "I've got $_"; say "I've got $_";
.say; # This is also allowed. .say; # This is also allowed.
# A dot call with no "topic" (receiver) is sent to `$_` by default # A dot call with no "topic" (receiver) is sent to `$_` by default
$_.say; # the above and this are equivalent. $_.say; # the above and this are equivalent.
@@ -634,14 +634,14 @@ class A {
method get-value { method get-value {
$.field + $!private-field; $.field + $!private-field;
} }
method set-value($n) { method set-value($n) {
# $.field = $n; # As stated before, you can't use the `$.` immutable version. # $.field = $n; # As stated before, you can't use the `$.` immutable version.
$!field = $n; # This works, because `$!` is always mutable. $!field = $n; # This works, because `$!` is always mutable.
$.other-field = 5; # This works, because `$.other-field` is `rw`. $.other-field = 5; # This works, because `$.other-field` is `rw`.
} }
method !private-method { method !private-method {
say "This method is private to the class !"; say "This method is private to the class !";
} }
@@ -660,19 +660,19 @@ $a.other-field = 10; # This, however, works, because the public field
class A { class A {
has $.val; has $.val;
submethod not-inherited { submethod not-inherited {
say "This method won't be available on B."; say "This method won't be available on B.";
say "This is most useful for BUILD, which we'll see later"; say "This is most useful for BUILD, which we'll see later";
} }
method bar { $.val * 5 } method bar { $.val * 5 }
} }
class B is A { # inheritance uses `is` class B is A { # inheritance uses `is`
method foo { method foo {
say $.val; say $.val;
} }
method bar { $.val * 10 } # this shadows A's `bar` method bar { $.val * 10 } # this shadows A's `bar`
} }
@@ -699,20 +699,20 @@ role PrintableVal {
# you "import" a mixin (a "role") with "does": # you "import" a mixin (a "role") with "does":
class Item does PrintableVal { class Item does PrintableVal {
has $.val; has $.val;
# When `does`-ed, a `role` literally "mixes in" the class: # When `does`-ed, a `role` literally "mixes in" the class:
# the methods and fields are put together, which means a class can access # the methods and fields are put together, which means a class can access
# the private fields/methods of its roles (but not the inverse !): # the private fields/methods of its roles (but not the inverse !):
method access { method access {
say $!counter++; say $!counter++;
} }
# However, this: # However, this:
# method print {} # method print {}
# is ONLY valid when `print` isn't a `multi` with the same dispatch. # is ONLY valid when `print` isn't a `multi` with the same dispatch.
# (this means a parent class can shadow a child class's `multi print() {}`, # (this means a parent class can shadow a child class's `multi print() {}`,
# but it's an error if a role does) # but it's an error if a role does)
# NOTE: You can use a role as a class (with `is ROLE`). In this case, methods # NOTE: You can use a role as a class (with `is ROLE`). In this case, methods
# will be shadowed, since the compiler will consider `ROLE` to be a class. # will be shadowed, since the compiler will consider `ROLE` to be a class.
} }
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ module Foo::Bar {
say "Can't access me from outside, I'm my !"; say "Can't access me from outside, I'm my !";
} }
} }
say ++$n; # lexically-scoped variables are still available say ++$n; # lexically-scoped variables are still available
} }
say $Foo::Bar::n; #=> 1 say $Foo::Bar::n; #=> 1
@@ -1075,8 +1075,8 @@ say [//] Nil, Any, False, 1, 5; #=> False
# Default value examples: # Default value examples:
say [*] (); #=> 1 say [*] (); #=> 1
say [+] (); #=> 0 say [+] (); #=> 0
# meaningless values, since N*1=N and N+0=N. # meaningless values, since N*1=N and N+0=N.
say [//]; #=> (Any) say [//]; #=> (Any)
# There's no "default value" for `//`. # There's no "default value" for `//`.
@@ -1335,7 +1335,7 @@ sub MAIN($name) { say "Hello, $name !" }
# This produces: # This produces:
# $ perl6 cli.pl # $ perl6 cli.pl
# Usage: # Usage:
# t.pl <name> # t.pl <name>
# And since it's a regular Perl 6 sub, you can haz multi-dispatch: # And since it's a regular Perl 6 sub, you can haz multi-dispatch:
# (using a "Bool" for the named argument so that we can do `--replace` # (using a "Bool" for the named argument so that we can do `--replace`
@@ -1348,7 +1348,7 @@ multi MAIN('import', File, Str :$as) { ... } # omitting parameter name
# This produces: # This produces:
# $ perl 6 cli.pl # $ perl 6 cli.pl
# Usage: # Usage:
# t.pl [--replace] add <key> <value> # t.pl [--replace] add <key> <value>
# t.pl remove <key> # t.pl remove <key>
# t.pl [--as=<Str>] import (File) # t.pl [--as=<Str>] import (File)
# As you can see, this is *very* powerful. # As you can see, this is *very* powerful.
@@ -1400,7 +1400,7 @@ for <well met young hero we shall meet later> {
# (explained in details below). # (explained in details below).
.say .say
} }
if rand == 0 ff rand == 1 { # compare variables other than `$_` if rand == 0 ff rand == 1 { # compare variables other than `$_`
say "This ... probably will never run ..."; say "This ... probably will never run ...";
} }
@@ -1461,4 +1461,3 @@ If you want to go further, you can:
- Come along on `#perl6` at `irc.freenode.net`. The folks here are always helpful. - Come along on `#perl6` at `irc.freenode.net`. The folks here are always helpful.
- Check the [source of Perl 6's functions and classes](https://github.com/rakudo/rakudo/tree/nom/src/core). Rakudo is mainly written in Perl 6 (with a lot of NQP, "Not Quite Perl", a Perl 6 subset easier to implement and optimize). - Check the [source of Perl 6's functions and classes](https://github.com/rakudo/rakudo/tree/nom/src/core). Rakudo is mainly written in Perl 6 (with a lot of NQP, "Not Quite Perl", a Perl 6 subset easier to implement and optimize).
- Read [the language design documents](http://design.perl6.org). They explain P6 from an implementor point-of-view, but it's still very interesting. - Read [the language design documents](http://design.perl6.org). They explain P6 from an implementor point-of-view, but it's still very interesting.