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I had never tripped acid before, but i always have wanted to. One day a
friend of mine tells me that he had a 10 strip of some acid. I totally
started freaking out saying "man you gotta sell me a hit or two" He told me
not to worry about it and that it was on the house. I dosed a hit and a half
of some white blouter. About forty-five minutes later I started feeling
awkward and started seeing weird patterns of light everywhere I looked and I
was all caught up in seeing shit and was enjoying it quite well. My two
friends and I sat outside in a friends driveway all night trippin nuts and
having a good time.
Its was 12:00 midnight and I had to be home(unfortunately, i dreaded the
thought of even going near my parents) so we finished the joint I rolled and
I headed home. I was driving out in the middle of who knows where and as I
drove past this field I looked over and saw space camels running though a cow
pasture then saw a floating island hovering off to the left of my car. It was
the greatest thing I had ever seen in my life. I arrived home only to have my
dad sitting on the couch awaiting my arrivial so he could go to bed(why i
dont know i hate it though) I quickly spoke to him and rushed upstairs to
avoid any extensive conversations with my folks. I walked into my room and
turned on my blacklight and stared at my blacklight poster as my friend up
the street came to my window and i let him in and we both stared at the
poster tripping balls/peaking out. I got up and cut on the tv and watched
Vampire Hunter D, then got bored and cut off the tv and stared at the poster,
went back to the tv and watched it for a few minutes then looked at the
poster again and i continued this for about an hour. I settled down
eventually and looked at the poster and saw satan and jesus talking to me
then they disappeared and spirals camee out of the poster and swirled around
, it was the most bueatiful thing i ever saw.
I have done acid numerous times since then and plan to do more someday. I
havent had a bad trip yet and dont want one.

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs.psychedelics
I have been totally blind since birth and about a week ago I tried shrooms
for the first time. I read all I could about them from hyperreal and a.d.p
and a friend said it would be interesting to see what it would do to me.
It was not possible to have anyone with me so I picked a time when I knew
I wouldn't be bothered for six hours. I decided the only thing I would
do was to sit in my rocker with headphones listening to whatever felt good.
I figured that would be pretty safe since most music you find on the radio
has a positive message or if it didn't you could always tune into something
else. After about 30 minutes I became aware that the world, life, the universe
or whatever was racing by at a trementous speed. I felt that this wasn't
a problem if I stayed in the center and didn't get off track. But if I did,
my life could shatter into millions of pieces and could never be put back
together. After that acute intense phase I got the idea that whatever I was
listening to was being played and written just for me. I became aware of
a deeper understanding of life, people, and the music I was listening to. I got
the idea that it would be nice to take all my clothes off and just bathe
myself in whatever I was listening to. Around that time I began to notice
many audio distortions. It seemed that the music began coming apart and
unraveling. My conception of harmony became very strange. Most music began
to echo around and around in my mind. It was like my brain would hear music
in the present while still hanging on to what I heard a second ago. It was
like a tape loop where you say something and a second later it repeats and
feeds back until it builds into a jumble of music that kept on echoing.
Also at the peak of the experience the music would actually change; transposing
itself into other keys. It was the most intense and pleasurable musical
experience you could ever imagine. Thoughts were racing through my mind at
warp speed. About this time the phone rang somewhere off in the distance.
I decided it was best not to answer because whoever it was wasn't on my
channel/frequency. I thought about the time many years ago someone attacked
Dan Rather and the guy said something like "Keneth whats the frequency?"
I understand now, the guy was on shrooms! When you're on shrooms noone can
find your frequency! More time went by and I decided that maybe I
would make a phone call. When I turned the music off it was very strange.
All sound was very distorted. My voice sounded strange as it bounced off the
walls. It was like I was hearing everything from inside a tube. Sounds were
"out of phase". It was like my ears were hooked to a fancy audio filter
where you could vary the notch frequency and/or the passband. With great
difficulty I was able to make a long distance call. After a few minutes
I went back to my music. I had no idea what was real and what was not but
that didn't matter because I wasn't hurting myself or anyone else.
What a great way to take a vacation without leaving home! It does disturb
me to read about people who take drugs like this and insist on doing things
like driving that require good judgment and a clear head. I was thinking
that if we lived in more enlightened times there could be clinics where for
a fee you could take a trip on your choice of psychedelic drugs
in a controlled and safe setting. Maybe to start with your personal
drug therapist would take a brief medical history ... depending on the drug
you were taking and then arrange for music, vidios or other interesting things
to do on your trip. I don't have much hope of anything like this in our
lifetime at least not in the U.S. but maybe in Holand? But in the meantime
we have to arrange our own trips. It's not our fault, it's the government's
fault.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs,alt.folklore.urban
From: dgross@polyslo.csc.calpoly.edu (Dave Gross)
Subject: FAQ: Blue-star LSD tattoo transfers
Date: Mon, 24 Jan 94 05:05:49 GMT
Apparantly it's about time for this FAQ again...
Frequently Answered Question -- What about these "LSD Tattoos?"
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Summary
-------
The LSD Tattoo urban legend (a.k.a. "Blue Star tattoos," "Mickey Mouse
LSD," et al.) is a classic of the breed. It is an example of a
"contamination" legend and can be classed with such other familiar legends as
"Spider eggs in Bubble Yum."
Typically, a school, hospital, or police station will get a copy of a
flier alleging that drug fiends are using a nefarious new technique to get
children hooked on drugs -- they give kids lick-and-stick tattoos (such as are
occasionally found as prizes in Cracker Jack boxes) that contain LSD. The LSD
is absorbed through the skin, causing all sorts of unpleasant symptoms, the
child becomes hooked, and the dealer has a new customer.
The legend has some credibility trouble. First of all, although the
fliers often list authorities (Beth Israel Medical Center in New York, the
Valley Children's Hospital, "the Police Department," the Cumberland County
Sheriff's Department, "Die New Yorker Polizei," "las Autoridades," "Sr. Roch
Hospital," "Mr. Guy Chaille, Advisor to the President," etc.), once contacted
(if in fact, they can be; Mr. Guy Chaille doesn't exist), these authorities
tend to deny knowledge of the alarming problem.
In addition, LSD is a nonaddictive drug. There is no such thing as a
"deadly trip" (except in such incredibly rare circumscances as those of
unfortunate and indiscriminate drug users snorting LSD crystals while under
the mistaken impression that they are doing lines of coke) -- a fatal overdose
of LSD would be almost impossible. The absorption of LSD through the skin
from casual handling of blotter paper is also very unlikely, although not
impossible.
Like all good urban legends, there is a thread of truth in the magic
carpet. LSD is commonly packaged in sheets of blotter-paper which are
perforated into squares (slightly smaller than 1cm x 1cm) which constitute a
"dose" of LSD. Some LSD manufacturers have trademarks which are printed on
these squares (examples: Blue Unicorns, Bart Simpson, etc.). I've seen a
photograph of a square of blotter acid printed with Mickey Mouse (in his role
as the Sorcerer's Apprentice in the movie Fantasia -- a favorite movie of the
psychedelic set).
One theory as to how the rumors started: A police report mentioned
lsd doses "stamped with pictures of Mickey Mouse." The word "stamped" was
transmogrified from a verb into a noun at some point in the FOAFmission of the
story: "stamps with pictures of Mickey Mouse." The implication being that
when licked, these stamps cause LSD intoxication.
Such a genesis-document has been found. In 1980, the Narcotics Bureau
of the New Jersey State Police sent out a memorandum including pictures of
Mickey Mouse blotter acid, including packaging including foil, a ziploc bag
and a red cardboard box with a picture of Mickey Mouse on it. The memorandum
uses the word "stamps" to refer to the pictures stamped on the blotter paper.
[Jean-Bruno RENARD, in "LSD Cartoon Stamps / Tattoo Transfers: An
Extreme Case of Rumor about Contamination in France" alleges that another
connection between stamps and LSD is that "it is a custom among LSD users to
send small LSD tablets by concealing them underneath the postage stamps of the
letters they send to foreign correspondents." He also alleges, but doesn't
footnote (dammit!), that "LSD tablets were found concealed beneath tattoo
transfers in California."]
A Seventh-Day Adventist church community wrote and propagated a flier
in 1980 using information from the police memorandum, and the legend was on a
roll. Like a virus, this flier was highly contageous and subject to mutations
that would make it more virulent.
Legends about drug dealers trying to hook children on drugs with "free
samples" and other nefarious means have been around for a long time, and it
was natural that there would be some cross-fertilization.
Eventually, someone gets a bee in his/her bonnet and types out a
warning. Some police department somewhere makes a drug bust in which the
"blue stars" trademark is found, another finds "Bart Simpson," each time the
legend gets more elaborate.
By 1987, the fliers include references to "Blue Star," "butterflies,
clowns, red pyramids, and colored microdots." LSD is now alleged to be able
to cause "a fatal `trip'" and strychnine is included in some stamps
(strychnine in acid is an old faithful urban legend, surfacing regularly in
alt.drugs).
"Windowpane" acid and "Microdot" are not trademarks, but are different
carrier media for the drug (i.e. not blotter paper). Windowpane is a gelatin-
base, whereas Microdot is the drug in a pill or capsule form.
===============================================================================
Standard flier format
------------------------
[Authority establishment]
DRUG ALERT -- The following information is from the Beth Israel
Medical Center in New York.(1)
Die New Yorker Polizei warnt vor einer neuen Drogenform,
welche jetzt Kindern offeriert wird...(3)
Esta Informacion ha sido confirmada por la Brigada Francesa de
Estupefacientes (traduccion de una informacion recbida de
Francia).(4)
The Police Department has informed me that there is another
danger in our communities.(6)
The following article was distributed by the Cumberland
County Sheriff's Department in May 1988. It deserves your
attention. This article appeared in The Newsletter of St.
Michael's Lutheran Church, Hamburg, PA.(7)
...the Valley Children's Hospital and the Police Department
have informed us that there is another danger in our
community.(8)
J. O'Donnell of Danbury Hospital's Outpatient Chemical
Dependency Treatment Service.... (9)
[Plea for further spread of rumor]
Please alert your community leaders, school officials, law
enforcement agencies, churches and anyone else you feel will
help us spread the word.... Please advise your community
and your children about these drugs.(1)
Feel free to share this message with parents of other children,
friends, and relatives.(5)
Please alert your community leaders, school officials, law
enforcement agencies, church, and anyone else you feel will
help spread the word.(7)
[LSD Tattoo Warning]
A form of tattoo called "Blue Star" is being sold to school
children. It is a small sheet of white paper containing blue
stars the size of a pencil eraser. Each star is soaked with
LSD. Each star can be removed and placed in the mouth. The
LSD can also be absorbed through the skin simply by handling
the paper.(1)
Segun los autoridades, una especie de tatuaje para ninos,
llamado "BLUE STAR" (estrelle azul), ha aparecido en el
mercado en algunoz medios de los Estados Unidos.(4)
It is a small sheet of paper containing blue stars the size
of a pencil eraser. Each star is loaded with LSD. Each
star can be removed and placed in the mouth.(5)
[Description of tattoos]
There are also brightly colored paper tabs resembling postage
stamps with pictures of Superman, butterflies, clowns, Simpsons,
Mickey Mouse, and other Disney characters. These stamps are
packed in a red cardboard box which is wrapped in foil....
Red stamps called "Red Pyramid" are also being distributed,
also with "micro dot" in various colors and another kind called
"Window Pane" which has a grid that can be cut out.(1)
Estos tatuajes representan a MICKEY MOUSE O SUPERMAN o
mariposas y se presentan en forma de sellos aplicables en la
piel. Estos sellos contienen LSD y son de color brilliante
y vienen en general empaquetados en unos sobres de carton
rojizo, con una fotografia de MICKEY MOUSE y a la vez todos
ellos metidos en una bolsa transparente precintada. Cada
bolsa contiene cinco hojas contabilizando 100 sellos.(2)
Es gibt auch Klebebilder in bunten Farben, die wie Briefmarken
aussehen. Diese Bilder sind oft mit "Superman," Schmetterlingen
Disney-Figuren und vielen anderen bedruckt. Die Marken sind in
Alufolie verpackt und befinden sich in Karton-Schaechtelchen.(3)
These are brightly-colored tabs resembling postage stamps
that have pictures of Superman, Butterflies, Clowns, Mickey
Mouse and other Disney Characters on them (very appealing to
young children). These stamps are packaged in a red cardboard
box wrapped in foil.... A red stamp called Red Pyramid is
also being distributed along with Micro Dots in various colors
and another, that can be cut out, called Window Pane which
has an acid.(5)
...and another called Window Pane which has an acid that can
be cut out.(6)
[Hooking little kids]
This is a new way of selling acid by appealing to younger
children.... It was learned that little children could be
given a free tattoo by other children who want to have some
fun or by others cultivating new customers.(1)
This is a new way of selling acid and introduces severe
problems by appealing to our young children... It is also
learned that little children could be given a "free tattoo"
by older children who want to have some fun or by others
cultivating new drug customers.(5)
[Absorption through skin/Strychnine]
These are all laced with drugs. If you or your child see
any of the above do not handle! These drugs are known to
react very quickly and some are laced with strychnine.(1)
The LSD can also be absorbed through the skin simply by
handling the paper.... All of these drugs are known to
react very quickly and some have been laced with strychnine
which is a poisonous alkaloid.(5)
[Symptoms]
Younger children could happen upon these and have a fatal
"trip".... Symptoms: Hallucination, severe vomiting,
uncontrolled laughter, mood change, and change in body
temperature.(1)
El joven nino que estaria en posesion de estos sellos, poira
sufrir un TRIP (sobre dosis) mortal. Se teme tambien que
ninos con mas edad y que conozcan el efecto de la LSD den
un tatuaje en forme gratuita a los mas jovenes, con el
afan de divertirse con su reaccion al acido.(4)
A young child could happen upon these and have a fatal
"trip".... Symptoms are: 1. hallucinations, 2. severe
vomiting, 3. mood changes, 4. change of body temperature (5)
[Notify authorities]
Get to the hospital as soon as possible and call the police.
Please Call your local RCMP if you come in contact with these
products.(1)
If you or your children see any of the above "DO NOT HANDLE"
notify your local police department.(6)
(1) -- found in Gander, Newfoundland
September 1990
(2) -- "Muy Importante (Para la gente que tinen ninos)"
From Spain, but not in proper European Spanish
Not dated
(3) -- "Drogengefahr fur Kinder!!" source unknown
Not dated
(4) -- Posted as "official notice" in U.S. Embassy in Lima, Peru
11 October 1988
(5) -- On the letterhead of Merchants Bancorp, Inc. (Pennsylvania)
10 March 1989
(6) -- Muhlenberg College Faculty and Staff Parents
5 February 1989
(7) -- "look, listen, and learn"
Not dated
(8) -- "Attention Parents" found in Los Angeles
Not dated
(9) -- Found at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| David Langness, the [Hospital Council of Southern California] association's
| vice president of communications, said the warning was then mailed to
| all member hospitals. "When we hear about these things, we don't
| attempt to confirm or deny them," he said. "We simply send it out to
| emergency rooms across the region in case they see a medical problem
| associated with this kind of drug."
| -- Los Angeles Times, *** 9 December 1987 ***
|
| "They're like a chain letter," said David Langness, a spokesman for the
| Hospital Council of Southern California, which represents about 250
| hospitals in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, Ventura, San Bernardino and
| Santa Barbara counties. "They capitalize on anti-drug hysteria, and as
| far as we can determine, they are a total hoax."
| -- Los Angeles Times, *** 18 April 1992 ***
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
"We don't know where these come from, but they're bogus," said Ralph B.
Lochridge, a spokesman for the Drug Enforcement Administration's Los Angeles
office. "It's like UFO sightings. They show up everywhere."
-- Los Angeles Times, 18 April 1992
A spokeswoman for the Beth Israel Medical Center in New York says they didn't
print any leaflets about acid-laced sticker tattoos. "We had absolutely
nothing to do with it," she says. "The thing's a hoax!"
-- The Gander Beacon, 17 October 1990
"I haven't seen LSD in the streets in years," said Riverside County Sheriff's
Detective Carla Gordon. "We don't know the source of the notice. We don't
know the purpose."
-- Los Angeles Times, 9 December 1987
===============================================================================
HOW DO THEY SPREAD???
Well-meaning folks see the fliers, which have enough of a smell of truth about
them, and feel as if they are doing a good deed by spreading the story around.
After a few bad xeroxes, the fliers get retyped. The new versions are usually
slightly different, which enables urban-legend fans to track the progress and
origin of new epidemics through pseudo-genetic means.
"You feel like if it's happening, you want to let parents know. We didn't
make a big issue of it, but we wanted to pass it along."
-- Eileen Deck, Principal of St. Anthony's Catholic School
in El Segundo, Calif.
"I was really concerned about this. I photocopied it and gave it out to some
parents."
-- Rose Walsh, worker at Gander Daycare
"With drugs, if you're going to err, it's better to do so on the side of
extreme caution."
-- Carla Gordon, Riverside County, Calif., Sheriff's Detective
"I felt that if it was something that concerned the safety and well-being of
our students, then the parents ought to know about it."
-- King Walker, Principal of Normandie Christian School in
South Central Los Angeles, Calif.
"I was shocked. I thought about the youngsters and the children who are
entrusted to me. My spontaneous reaction prevented me from verifying the
veracity of this `information.' My good faith was abused and I may have been
careless."
-- Pr. Jasmin, a dentisty professor in Nice, France.
===============================================================================
--
***** INTERNET: dgross@polyslo.CalPoly.EDU **** finger for PGP public key *****

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Date: Wed, 10 Nov 1993 16:10:33 -0500 (EST)
From: trent <TTSCHIRG@UMAB.BITNET>
Subject: blunts, snorting heroin
Sender: Drug Abuse Education Information and Research <DRUGABUS@UMAB.BITNET>
Message-id: <01H55GVU9XYQ8WWEX0@YMIR.Claremont.Edu>
Blunts
What are "blunts?"
The name, "Blunts," is a street name used to describe a
marijuana and tobacco cigar. Other street names include "el-pees"
(LP's), According to one source, blunts originated among Jamaicans
in New York City in the early 1980's.(1) Blunts take their
name from "Phillies Blunt=FC" brand cigars, although other brands of
similar make (such as El Producto=FC, White Owl=FC, and Dutch Masters=
=FC)
are also used for this purpose.
(1) Tobacco is removed from the inside of the cigar, and
replaced with marijuana.
Blunts vs. Joints
Smoking marijuana inside the leaf or paper wrapper of a
cigar offers several advantages to the user:
-The tobacco wrapper slows down the burning rate of the
joint. This allows a greater number of users to share the same
joint.(1)
-A blunt holds more marijuana than a joint, and is
convenient to use and store. A single user can smoke it,
extinguish it, and easily relight it. "That's what's so cool about
a blunt. Just put it out. It fits nicely in the top pocket."(1)
-It looks like a legal drug. Even though it is illegal for
adolescents to use tobacco products, blunts appear to be commercial
tobacco cigars. Policemen, teachers, and parents who ignore
cigarette possession in minors are likely to ignore blunts as well.
-Nicotine from the tobacco content may add to the effects of
the marijuana in a blunt. Nicotine is a stimulant, and marijuana
is a minor hallucinogen with some depressant properties. Other
stimulant and depressant combinations include cocaine and heroin,
cocaine and alcohol, amphetamines and alcohol. At this writing,
there appears to be no medical literature evaluating the
psychoactive effects of using marijuana and tobacco together vs.
individually. However, some of the comments made in one magazine
interview are intriguing and may indicate synergistic effects:
"The blunt is more effective =FCthan smoking marijuana
alone=FC..." "When you smoke a blunt, you get twice as high.
=2E . ." "At first, I didn't like it, 'cause it made me dizzy. . .
(1)
Why are Phillies Blunt=FC cigars used?
Many other cigar brands are still being used to make blunts.
Users say that the Phillies Blunt=FC brand produces less harsh-
tasting or sweeter smoke.(1) The leaf wrapper of a
Phillies Blunt=FC is strong enough to hold together through the
manipulations of making a blunt. Other brands fall apart.
Washington DC Area Trends
The emergence of blunts in the Washington D.C. area has been
associated with an increase in marijuana abuse among both youth and
adults.(2) The peaks and dips in positive test results for
marijuana in juvenile arrestees closely resemble increased
Washington DC area sales of the Havatampa Co.'s large cigars,
including the Phillies Blunt=FC brand.(2)
National Trends
Articles in High Times, a magazine about substance use and
marijuana farming, give methods for making blunts.
(2,3) Rap music stars featured in the articles
suggested a cultural link between blunts use and rap or hip-hop
music.(2) The appearance of tee shirts and baseball caps
promoting blunts use in New York, Washington DC, Baltimore, and
California suggest that blunts use is becoming a national
phenomenon.
REFERENCES
1. Nixon R. Story of the blunt. High Times 1993 Mar;:40-1.
2. Mundell C. (1993) The emergence of blunts: A timeline of the
emergence of marijuana and tobacco cigar use. (Presentation at the
Center for Substance Abuse Research, College Park, MD, 11/8/93)
3. Nixon R. Rolling with Redman. High Times 1993 Mar;:38-9.
=FC
[info on snorting heroin deleted -cak]
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>||
|| TRENT TSCHIRGI, R.PH. | ON BITNET: ||
|| DRUG ABUSE INFORMATION + TTSCHIRG@UMAB ||
|| UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND AT BALTIMORE | VOICE PHONE: ||
|| SCHOOL OF PHARMACY + 410-706-7513 ||
|| OFFICE OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE STUDIES | FAX: ||
|| 20 N. PINE STREET, RM 224 + 410-706-7184 ||
|| BALTIMORE, MD 21201-1180 USA | ||
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
=============================================================================
From: JUSCOTT@delphi.com
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Blunt Instructions!
Date: Fri, 7 Jan 94 00:25:01 EST
Message-ID: <940107.01501.JUSCOTT@delphi.com>
How to Roll a Blunt!
By: Social Distortion
The first thing you have to know to roll a blunt, is Practice,
Practice, and Practice. It takes several tries before you can get it right.
Go to your corner store and buy a pack of Tampa Gold Gars. Take a razor
blade, and cut it open like this.
_____
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|__|__|
^
|
Cut here.
Take all the tobacco out. Lick the back of the paper, that is, the
outside of the gar, thoroughly. You really need to make love to these things
with your tounge. Next, place a healthy portion of weed in the gar. Roll it
up, and lick the edge thoroughly. It takes a lot of saliva to make these
things stick. When you have it closed up, pop it in the microwave for about
ten seconds, this makes it stick better. The light it up, and smoke it.
The Ethics of Gars
A lot of people think rolling in gars ruins the taste of marijuana. I
personally think it enhances the taste. You can take mondo hits, and you'll
definately choke the first time you smoke one. For the ultimate high, let
someone give you shotgun. It'll knock you on your ass. All the people I
know now don't even carry skins anymore, only a pack of gars in their pocket.
It takes longer to roll than a joint, but it's worth the extra effort.

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Message-ID: <073310Z08071994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an58264@anon.penet.fi (Dalamar)
Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 07:25:09 UTC
Subject: CHEMISTRY: Bonding and Structure
In the following file the numbers immediately following an atoms symbol in
a chemical formula should be read as subscript eg C2H6 should be read :
CCCCCC H H
C H H
C H H
C HHHHHHH 6
C 222 H H 6
C 2 H H 6 6
CCCCCC 22 H H 6 6
2222 66
The mole is a measure of amount of substance in chemistry and is equivalent to
6.02 x 10(raised to the power of 23) particles.
Bonding and Structure
_____________________
The vast majority of substances which occur freely in nature, or are
synthetically manufactured by man, are not comprised of free atoms,
but of atoms held joined together by chemical bonds. How and why do atoms
form bonds ?
Obviously the formation of a bond must be energetically favourable, leading to a
minimum of energy ie the product in which the bonds have been formed must be
more stable than the individual atoms, otherwise the bonds would not form.
To understand what happens in terms of electronic structure when atoms form
bonds consider the group 0 elements. These comprise the inert gases helium,
neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon, all of which are noted for their extreme
lack of chemical properties and unreactivity. Atoms of the noble gases do not
normally react with any other atoms, so that the gases consist of atoms alone.
This lack of reactivity and the fact that the gases are comprised of lone atoms
indicates that these atoms are extremely stable, their energy being at such a
favourable minimum that it cannot be improved by bond formation. The inert gases
all have one thing in common - a complete outer shell of electrons, so we
conclude that this is a very stable arrangement.
The electrons contained in the outermost shell of an atom are generally the ones
concerned with bonding and the formation of _compounds_. When two or more
different elements are combined together, so that their atoms become bonded,
the resultant substance is called a compound. The properties of the compound
usually differs radically from the elements which combined together to
form it. A classic example is the formation of water from the elements
hydrogen and oxygen. When hydrogen and oxygen are mixed in the correct
proportions and a spark or flame applied, a violent reaction occurs in which
the hydrogen and oxygen react together to form water. Both oxygen and hydrogen
are gases at room temperature, but the product of their reaction together is
a clear liquid, without which life would not exist.
When atoms form bonds they do so in such a way as to attain a stable electronic
configuration. As we have already shown, the most stable configuration is that
of a complete outer shell of electrons. There are three ways in which atoms may
obtain a stable electronic configuration : by losing, gaining or sharing
electrons. If we divide the elements into (a) electropositive elements, whose
atoms compete poorly for electrons and give up one or more electrons fairly
readily (low ionisation energy), (b) electronegative elements, whose atoms
attract electrons strongly and also readily take up electrons, then the
following rule of thumb applies :
Electropositive element + Electronegative element = Ionic Bond
Electronegative element + Electronegative element = Covalent Bond
Electropositive element + Electropositive element = Metallic Bond
The three modes of bonding described above are :
1. The Ionic Bond.
The _ionic bond_ is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to
another, generating cations and anions which are held together by the pure
electrostatic attraction of the resulting positive and negative charges.
Compounds such as sodium chloride (NaCl), iron sulphide (FeS) and magnesium
oxide (MgO) contain this type of bonding.
2. The Covalent bond.
The _covalent bond_ is formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between
two atoms. Each atom achieves a stable configuration by gaining a share of
a number of electrons from the outermost shell of the other atom. Compounds
such as methane (CH4), chloroform (CHCl3), hydrogen chloride (HCl) and
benzene (C6H6) contain this type of bonding.
3. The metallic bond.
This type of bonding, as the name suggests, occurs in metals. The outermost
electrons of the metal become _delocalised_, that is they are not associated
with any one particular atom, but are free to move from atom to atom in the
metal crystal. The structure can then be imagined as an array of metal cations
surrounded by a delocalised 'sea' of electrons which hold the cations together.
The outstanding electrical conductivity of metals is due to the mobility of
these electrons through the lattice. Sodium metal consists of an array of
Na+ cations (noble gas config. of neon, K2 L8) held together by the delocalised
M1 electrons (sodium originally K2 L8 M1).
Ionic and covalent bonding is covered in more detail below.
The Ionic Bond
______________
Consider sodium, an electropositive element with low ionisation energy and
electronic configuration of K2 L8 M1. When sodium reacts with an electronegative
element, for example chlorine, the single electron contained in the M shell is
readily lost to give Na+ ion, with the stable electronic configuration of neon,
K2 L8. Chlorine, which is of high electronegativity (electron attracting),
accepts an electron readily to give the _chloride ion_, Cl-, with the stable
electronic configuration of argon, K2 L8 M8. By the transfer of only one
electron, from sodium to chlorine, each atom is now 'happier' as it has achieved
a more stable electron configuration. The millions of Na+ and Cl- ions which are
generated during the reaction form themselves into a regular three dimensional
cubic lattice, consisting of alternating Na+ and Cl- ions. Each Na+ ion in
the lattice is surrounded by 6 Cl- ions, 4 in the same plane, one in the plane
above, and one in the plane below. The diagram below shows a small portion of
a single plane of Na+ and Cl- ions as they are arranged in sodium chloride.
Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+
Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl-
Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+
Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl-
Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+
This pattern will repeated not only in the same plane, but also in planes
stacked above and below. The planes immediately above and below this one will
be arranged so that the chloride ions they contain are above and below the
sodium ions in this plane. The _coordination number_ of each ion is _six_.
The electrostatic attractive forces between the ions are extremely strong,
resulting in a rigid crystal structure and a compound which is a solid.
The chemical formula for sodium chloride is written as NaCl, which represents
the ratio of sodium ions to chloride ions in the compound.
Because the rest of the group I metals (Li, Na, K etc) have similair electronic
structure (one electron in outermost shell), they also have similair properties
(electropositive, low ionisation energy) and can be expected to react in a
similair fasion to sodium with chlorine, or any of the other of the group VII
elements (commonly known as the halogens, F, Cl, Br etc), which are all one
electron short of an inert gas structure. The resultant compounds will be of
the general formula MX, where M represents an alkali metal and X a halogen.
Some examples are sodium fluoride (NaF), lithium chloride (LiCl) and potassium
iodide (KI).
The group II elements are also electropositive and are collectively known as the
alkaline earth metals. All of the metals in this group contain 2 electrons in
the outermost shell of their atoms, for example the electronic structure of
magnesium is K2 L8 M2. In combining with a halogen, an ionic compound of general
formula MX2 is formed, where M represents an alkaline earth metal and X a
halogen. To obtain an inert gas structure each metal atom must lose 2 electrons.
However, each halogen atom requires but one electron to complete its outermost
shell, therefore for each M(2+) cation formed there are two X(-) ions also
formed, giving a chemical formula of MX2. Examples are magnesium chloride
(MgCl2) and calcium fluoride (CaF2).
Oxygen is another very electronegative element and with the electronic structure
K2 L6, an oxygen atom is two electrons short of attaining the inert gas
structure of neon (K2 L8). In compounds with the group I or group II metals,
oxygen can accept two electrons to form the _oxide ion_, O(2-), which now has
the inert gas structure of neon. Each group I metal atom donates only one
electron, therefore the resulting _group I oxides_, have the general formula
M2O eg. sodium oxide (Na2O). Each group II metal donates two electrons, giving
a general formula of MO for the _group II oxides_, eg. magnesium oxide (MgO).
The bonding in these oxides is again ionic (e.pos element + e.neg element).
Most of the oxides, although stable, must be prepared by indirect methods as
combustion in air gives other products such as peroxides and superoxides.
The amount of energy released when one mole of an ionic compound is formed
from its constituent ions is known as the _lattice energy_. This figure is
usually quite high (eg approx 750 kJ/mol for NaCl) and depends on the nature
of the ions and which type of structure they adopt. As well as the NaCl type
of lattice which most of the group I halides adopt, many other geometries are
formed by other ionic compounds. The reason why any particular geometry is
adopted is that the lattice energy is at its most favourable.
The Covalent Bond
_________________
When two electronegative elements react together, ionic bonds are not formed
because both atoms have a tendency to gain electrons. However, both atoms may
still achieve an inert gas structure by the mutual sharing of electrons.
Consider the element chlorine, which has seven electrons in the outermost shell
of its atoms. Chlorine exists under normal conditions as a yellow gas composed
of discrete Cl2 molecules. Now consider how two chlorine atoms will combine to
form a chlorine molecule (Cl2). If each atom gives a _share_ of one of its
outermost electrons to the other, each achieves a full outer shell. As both
chlorine atoms are of identical electronegativity, the pair of electrons
which now constitute a covalent bond are shared equally between both atoms.
Diagramatically this may be represented:
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
Cl + Cl =====> Cl Cl
x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
Chlorine atoms A chlorine molecule
Only the outermost electrons are shown in the diagram (the M shell).
Each chlorine atom in the chlorine molecule has in its outermost shell six
electrons which fully belong to it, plus a share in two more electrons, making
a stable octet (inert gas structure of argon, K2 L8 M8) around each atom.
A single covalent bond is therefore made up of a shared _pair_ of electrons.
A carbon atom is four electrons short of a complete outer shell, therefore
it will need to share four electrons and form four bonds. For example, a
molecule of carbon tetrachloride is composed of one carbon atom bonded to
four chlorine atoms, CCl4. Each chlorine atom is only one electron short of
a complete outer shell, so each Cl atom forms only one bond.
Diagramatically this may be represented:
x x
x x
Cl
x x
x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x C x + 4 Cl ======> Cl C Cl
x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x
x x
Cl
x x
x x
Only the outer shell of electrons is shown for each atom.
By sharing electrons in this way, both the carbon and all four chlorine atoms
attain an inert gas structure. Although these equations and diagrams help us
to rationalise the bonding in CCl4, it does not neccessarily follow that the
atoms will react directly together. In the case of CCl4, carbon and chlorine
do not react directly to CCl4 and carbon tetrachloride must be prepared by
indirect reactions.
Nitrogen is three electrons short of attaining an inert gas structure and will
therefore form three covalent bonds to other atoms. Ammonia has the chemical
formula NH3 and is produced by the direct reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen
at high pressures :
3 H2 + N2 = 2 NH3
Hydrogen atoms are one electron short of attaining the inert gas structure of
helium (K2). Each H atom is therefore capable of forming one covalent bond, as
in ammonia (NH3).
H
x x
x x
N H
x x
x x
H
For the N atom, only the outer electrons are shown.
Notice in the structure for ammonia that there are two electrons on the nitrogen
which do not form bonds. These two electrons are known as a _lone pair_ and play
an important role in the properties of ammonia and its derivatives.
The bond which a pair of electrons form is more usually represented by a
straight line joining the two atoms, and a lone pair by two dots next to the
atom to which they belong. Thus ammonia can be more neatly represented by
H
|
:N-H The structural formula of the ammonia molecule with its
| 3 single covalent bonds between N and H, plus a single
H lone pair situated on nitrogen.
Each bond line therefore represents a pair of electrons, which can be considered
to be in the outer shell of both the atoms it joins. Each H atom has its
required 2 electrons in the K shell, the nitrogen has 3 bond pairs, plus
its lone pair, making a total of 3x2+2 = 8 electrons in its outermost shell
which is the inert gas structure of neon (K2 L8). This is the _structural
formula_ of ammonia and shows us the order in which the atoms are connected.
The _molecular formula_ for a compound shows us which atoms are present and
their numbers, but there could be many ways of fitting the atoms together so
that each still forms its required number of bonds. Therefore, it is important
to have a way of systematically naming all compounds in such a way that the
structural formula can be worked out simply from the name. Even though such
a system of naming has been in force a long time, some old common names are
still in use. Some large molecules, which commonly have very long systematic
names are generally referred to by an agreed common name. Compounds which
share the same molecular formula, but differ in the way their atoms are
connected or spatially arranged, are known as _isomers_. For example
ethanol and dimethylether are related as _structural isomers_ because
although they share the same molecular formula C2H6O, the way in which the
atoms are connected differs :
H H H H
| | | |
H-C-O-C-H H-C-C-O-H Ethanol and Dimethylether
| | | | structural formulas.
H H H H
Dimethylether Ethanol
C2H6O C2H6O
Two other types of isomerism that are important are known as geometrical and
optical.
As well as single covalent bonds, double and triple covalent bonds also
exist. For a double bond, two pairs of electrons are mutually shared between
the atoms and for a triple bond three pairs of electrons are shared.
An example of a compound containing a double bond is ethene (old name ethylene),
which has the molecular formula C2H4 :
H H
| | A molecule of ethene.
C=C
| |
H H
Each carbon atom requires a share in 4 electrons in order to complete its
outer shell. Each H atom supplies one electron to pair with one of carbons
electrons. As there are two H atoms connected to each C this uses up 2 of
carbons 4 valency electrons. The only way both C atoms can obtain a complete
outer shell is to now share both of their 2 remaining electrons with each other,
so that each carbon atom gets a share in two electrons which originate from
the neighbouring carbon atom.
Nitrogen molecules are diatomic (contains two atoms, N2) and contain a triple
bond between N atoms. Each N atom contains 5 electrons in the outermost shell,
hence a share in 3 more is required to complete the octet and achieve an inert
gas structure. If each N atom shares 3 of its 5 valency electrons with its
neighbouring N atom, each achieves a stable octet. Each N atom thus retains
two electrons (a lone pair) which fully belong to it, plus gets a share in six
others (3 from itself, 3 from the other), thereby completing the octet around
each atom.
x x
:N x x N: The N2 molecule, : represents a lone
x x pair of electrons situated on each N.
Double and triple bonds also occur between atoms of different types and are
most important for the period two elements carbon, nitrogen and oxygen.
For example, the carbon-oxygen double bond is very important in organic
chemistry, where C=O is known as the _carbonyl_ group and is present in
many important classes of compound eg. ketones, aldehydes, amides and esters.
An oxygen atom contains six electrons in its outermost shell and therefore
requires a share in two more to achieve an inert gas structure. A carbon atom
requires a share in four electrons, therefore it shares two of its electrons
with oxygen, which satisfies the requirements of oxygen. This still leaves
the C atom two electrons short of the inert gas structure, which it achieves
via bonding to other atoms. The nature of the other atoms attached to the
carbonyl group will determine the reactivity and class of compound we have.
Some examples are given below.
Structural formula Class Name
__________________ _____ ____
H
|
H-C-H
|
C=O Ketone Propanone (acetone)
|
H-C-H
|
H
CH3
|
C=O Aldehyde Ethanal (acetaldehyde)
|
H
CH3
|
C=O
|
O-CH2-CH3 Ester Ethylacetate
H
|
C=O
|
N-CH3 Amide Dimethylformamide
|
CH3
Common names shown in brackets.
For the first compound in the table i drew the complete structural formula.
However it is possible to shorten this slightly by writing :
H
|
-CH3 to represent -C-H
|
H
and
H H
| |
-CH2-CH3 to represent -C-C-H
| |
H H
The oxygen atom originally has 6 electrons in its outermost shell and shares
two of these when forming two single covalent bonds (as in dimethylether) or
one double bond (as in the above compounds). This leaves two lone pairs of
electrons situated on oxygen, but these can usually be omitted when drawing
the formulae for compounds.
From the way we have discussed bonding so far, you may have expected a double
covalent bond to be twice the strength of a single bond (if we consider the
bonds to be between the same atoms). However, this is not the case and the
double bond, although much stronger than a single bond, falls short of being
twice the strength by a fair amount. To account for this we must go on another
step in complexity and consider a more accurate model for the electronic
structure of the atom. This i hope to do in another file if there is interest,
but for the moment these basic ideas will suffice.
The Coordinate Bond
___________________
So far you have seen that a single covalent bond consists of a pair of
mutually shared electrons. One electron of the shared pair originated from
one atom and the other electron from the other atom. However, there is a mode
of bonding termed _coordinate_, or sometimes _dative_ in which the bond pair
originates from the _same_ atom. To see how this is possible consider again
the ammonia molecule, NH3. The nitrogen atom in ammonia has a lone pair of
electrons. Even though the nitrogen atom has achieved its stable octet of
outer electrons, it is still possible for further bonding to N to take place
via the lone pair. For example, NH3 will react with a proton (H+, a hydrogen
cation, formed by the removal of the single K electron from a H atom) to give:
H
| The positive charge now resides
H-N->H on the N atom in NH4(+).
|
H
The lone pair from the N atom gives the newly attached H the inert gas config.
of helium (K2) whilst at the same time it maintains the octet around N.
Once formed, this coordinate bond is identical to that of a normal covalent
bond and all N-H bonds in NH4(+) are in fact identical. The positive charge
originally carried by H(+) is transferred to the nitrogen atom and the
resultant cation, NH4(+), is known as the ammonium ion.
The bond pair in molecules such as F2 and Cl2 is situated between identical
atoms, which are of course of identical electronegativity. Hence the electron
pair may be considered to be exactly in the middle of the two atoms. If however
the atoms which are linked by a covalent bond are of different electronegativity
then the electron pair of the bond will be drawn closer to the more
electronegative atom. This results in a _polarised_ bond in which the more
electronegative atom aquires a slight negative charge (because it hogs the
electrons) and the other a slight positive charge (beacuse the electrons are
being dragged away from it). This slight charge separation is represented by
d+ and d- (the greek letter delta). For example, consider a molecule A-B, in
which A is more electronegative than B. The bond becomes polarised in the
direction of A :
d- d+
A-B
The resulting partial positive and negative charges attract each other and
in fact strengthen the bond slightly. This electrostatic attraction is
no different to that found in ionic compounds, so the above bond could be
described as being partly ionic in character. In fact, if we kept increasing
the electronegativity of atom A and decreasing that of B the compound AB
would become increasingly more ionic as more and more negative charge
built up on atom A. When the difference in electronegativity between A and
B is great enough the compound will be ionic and consist of a lattice of
A- and B+ ions. Then there is the region between the extremes, where the
bond could be described as mainly covalent, but with some ionic character,
or mainly ionic, but with some covalent character. Methyl lithium (CH3Li) is an
example of a class of compounds known as the organometallics, and the bond
is about 40% ionic in character due to the extreme polarisation of the
C-Li bond :
H
d-| d+ In methyl lithium the C-Li bond is
H-C-Li extremely polarised.
|
H
Reagents such as MeLi (Me short for methyl, -CH3) are versatile reagents in
the synthesis of organic molecules, where the carbon skeleton of the molecule
usually has to be constructed from smaller molecules by a series of reactions.
Hydrogen Bonding
________________
Hydrogen bonding occurs in compounds which contain a hydrogen atom bonded to
a strongly electronegative element, most commonly oxygen and nitrogen. The
X-H bond (X=O,N etc) is polarised (d-)X-H(d+). The resultant d+ and d- charges
become attracted to the d- and d+ charges on another molecule of the compound,
with the result that a weak attractive force comes into play between the
molecules. If we consider water :
O.........H H Hydrogen bonding in water.
/ \ \ /
H H.........O ... = Hydrogen bond.
H . . .
\ . . .
O . O.........H
/ . / \ /
H H H.....O
\
H
Water has two H atoms bonded to one O atom and both of these H's can take
place in H bonding. The positively polarised H atoms in one molecule attract
the negatively polarised O atoms of other water molecules and a 3-D network
of hydrogen bonds is established. Hydrogen bonding is much weaker than either
covalent or ionic and H-bonds can be broken fairly readily. To break the H
bonds requires the input of energy (usually by heating). The high boiling
point of water is due to hydrogen bonding. The hydrogen bonds in water are
broken if the sample is heated enough (eg by boiling) and the water molecules,
with enough thermal energy that the H-bonds can no longer hold them together,
enter the gas phase.
Some examples of other types of compound which contain H-bonds are alcohols,
carboxylic acids, amines and amides.
Van der waals Forces of Attraction
__________________________________
This is an extremely weak force of attraction which operates between the
molecules in covalently bonded compounds. The size of the attractive force
generally increases with the weight of the molecule. A good illustration
of this principle is the trend in the boiling points of the alkanes, which
increase with increasing molecular mass. The alkanes are a family of organic
compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen. Methane, CH4, is the lightest
of the alkanes and as such the V.D.W forces of attraction between its molecules
are extremely weak, hence methane is a gas at room temperature. For the next
heavier alkanes ethane (CH3CH3), propane (CH3CH2CH3) and butane (CH3CH2CH2CH3)
the V.D.W forces do increase, but not enough to allow the alkane to be a liquid
at room temperature. However, the next members pentane and hexane are fairly
volatile liquids at room temperature. The boiling point continues to increase
with increasing molecular weight. When the molecular weight is high enough,
the V.D.W forces between the molecules will have increased enough so that the
alkane becomes a low melting point solid (as in candle wax). Hence most
covalent compounds are either gases, liquids or low melting point solids
(there is an exception to this where in some cases infinite 3-D covalent
structures are formed, as opposed to discrete molecules, as in diamond and
silica, in these cases the boiling points are abnormally high).
Shapes of Simple Covalent Molecules - VSEPR Theory
__________________________________________________
The shapes of most simple covalent molecules can be predicted by using the
valence shell electron pair repulsion theory. This theory states that the
shape of a molecule is related to the number of electron pairs (bond pairs or
lone pairs) in the outer shell of the central atom. It is assumed that the
electron pairs arrange themselves to be as far apart as possible in order to
minimise the repulsive forces between them (negative charges repel). If the
distribution of these pairs can be predicted then so can the shape and bond
angle.
Consider the structure of a gaseous molecule of beryllium fluoride BeF2.
In this molecule the central Be atom forms two single covalent bonds, one bond
to each fluorine atom. There are therefore 2 bonding pairs of electrons in the
valence shell of the Be atom in BeF2. These 2 pairs will arrange themselves to
be as far apart as possible - and this is 180 degrees to each other. The BeF2
molecule is therefore linear, with a F-Be-F bond angle of 180 degrees. You
may have noticed that the central Be atom has only 4 electrons in its outermost
shell i.e. it does not have a complete inert gas structure. The molecule is
described as being electron deficient.
A molecule of boron trifluoride, BF3, has a central B atom covalently bonded to
three fluorine atoms by single covalent bonds. The three bond pairs arrange
themselves so that repulsion is at a minimum - and this is in a plane triangular
shape, with the F-B-F bond angles equal to 120 degrees. The fluorine atoms
occupy the corners of an equalateral triangle, with the boron atom in the
middle.
In methane, CH4, there are four bond pairs of electrons around the central
carbon atom. The repulsion is at a minimum if the bond pairs arrange themselves
tetrahedrally around the C atom i.e. all H-C-H bond angles are 109 degrees 28
minutes. The hydrogen atoms then occupy the corners of a regular tetrahedron
and the CH4 molecule is described as tetrahedral.
Ammonia, NH3, has four pairs of electrons around the central N atom. These
comprise three bonding pairs (one bond to each H atom) and a lone pair.
Because the lone pair is not shared with any other atom it is pulled closer
to the N atom than are the bond pairs. This results in the lone pair being
more replusive than a bond pair, so the order of repulsion between types is
Lone pair - Lone pair > Lone pair - Bond pair > Bond pair - Bond pair
In ammonia the 4 pairs are again tetrahedrally distributed, with one of the
corners of the tetrahedron occupied by the lone pair. This gives the molecule
a pyramidal shape:
"
| Molecule of ammonia.
N
/|\
H H H
The extra repulsion of the lone pair pushes the bonding pairs closer together
and thus reduces the H-N-H bond angle from the expected 109 degrees for a
regular tetrahedron, to ##### degrees. It is hard to draw 3D diagrams on this
terminal - the three H's are not in the plane of the screen! The N forms the
apex of a pyramid.
Water has four pairs of electrons around the central oxygen atom. These
comprise two bond pairs and two lone pairs. Again the distribution of the pairs
is roughly tetrahedral, but this time two of the corners of the tetrahedron
are occupied by lone pairs. Because there are two lone pairs which provide
extra repulsion, the H-O-H bond angle is reduced to #### degrees. The molecule
is V-shaped:
O
/ \
H H
Molecules with five bond pairs (and no lone pairs) usually adopt a trigonal
bipyramid structure eg PCl5 (in the gas phase):
* Cl
\|
P-*
/|
* Cl
Three of the Cl atoms are in the same plane and form an equalateral triangle.
These i have represented by a * instead of a Cl. The Cl-P-Cl bond angle (*-P-*)
is 120 degrees. The other two chlorine atoms are arranged 180 degrees to each
other and at 90 degrees to the plane of the triangle formed by the three Cl's
marked *. Three different Cl-P-Cl bond angles are therefore present.
Dalamar.
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=============================================================================
Message-ID: <104313Z09071994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an58264@anon.penet.fi (Dalamar)
Date: Sat, 9 Jul 1994 10:39:46 UTC
Subject: CHEMISTRY: Bonding and Structure [missing bond angles]
Whoops !
When i was writing the file i left the two bond angles for NH3 and H20 blank
because i couldn't remember the exact figures. I meant to go and look them up
but it must have slipped my mind. Anyway, here they are :
NH3 = 106 degrees, 45 minutes
H20 = 104 degrees, 27 minutes
Dalamar.
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372
textfiles.com/drugs/ALT.DRUGS/bongpipefaq.drg Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
From: Chris_Walsh@mindlink.bc.ca (Chris Walsh)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Bong & Pipe FAQ
Date: 16 Mar 94 09:31:32 GMT
Message-ID: <40770@mindlink.bc.ca>
Bongs, pipes and other wonderful contraptions
=============================================
All bongs and pipes in this FAQ are ones that I've personally constructed
and used. I'm sure that there are many many more designs out there, but
these are the ones that I've found to work for myself.
ESSENTIAL SUPPLIES
------------------
Anybody planning on building any of the various forms of pipes will need
a few essentials. I buy mostly everything from the local hardware store.
You'll need some screens (faucet screens are perfect, if they don't
contain aluminum), various pipes of different lengths, some sealant, and
a way to drill holes. Just go into the plumbing section of your hardware
store and browse. Use your imagination. There are all kinds of different
pipes with valves, copper pipes, surgical tubing, blah blah blah... you
can get quite creative. One of the best pipes to buy is a toilet pipe...
it's usually a 3/8" diameter pipe a couple feet long, and one end widens
and holds some kind of plastic attachment. Rip off the plastic piece, and
that end makes a PERFECT bowl. You'll also need bottles. For most purposes,
plastic bottles (especially 1, 2 & 3 litre bottles) work quite well.
Mason jars are a standard for bongs. If you want to use glass, you'll
have to figure out how to drill holes into it (something I haven't done;
I simply don't have access to a drill press). For sealant, the only
really reliable one I've found is a good silicone sealant. I use a
caulking-gun type that's resistant to temperature extremes from -50 to
300 degrees F. and is also a water sealer. For a temporary seal, mostly
used when testing designs because the silicone takes a day to dry, hot
glue works well, as does 5-minute epoxy. On some pipes, lead-free solder
is also useful, although I tend to avoid using even the lead-free in
areas where it may be heated. Other supplies can include a various and
sundry number of spray paints, glitter, model paints, etc., for
decorating your bongs. I love to use that simulated granite-cast
spray paint and other textured paints, and I've also made good use of
sculpting stuff such as Femo and clay (don't make pipes from Femo,
incidentally; fumes are highly poisonous) to decorate them. Once again,
be creative.
JOINTS
------
A joint, as you all should know, is chopped-up weed rolled into a
cigarette. When a joint is almost finished, it's called a roach and
there are a variety of methods of holding the roach to smoke it without
burning yourself such as tweezers, tie clips, alligator clips, small
pieces of cardboard, cigarette holders, and so on. Eating the roach is
considered bad etiquette in most circles, and I usually keep the roaches
to put in a pipe. Piped roaches are very potent, as all the smoke from
the joint was drawn through that little bit at the end, and both the bud
left and the paper are soaked in nice amounts of concentrated resin.
I rarely smoke joints these days. No denying they're highly portable and
convenient, but I do find them extremely inefficient. However, Marley and
joints just have to go together. =)
PIPES
-----
A pipe is a simple device to smoke ganja. It (and any other devices
working under the same principal) doesn't require you to chop up the
weed, as with joints, and you get the added bonus of resin accumulation
in the bowl. A pipe is essentially a mouthpiece, a bowl with a screen
for the dope, and a pipe connecting the two together. You put the dope
into the bowl, light it, and suck from the mouthpiece. Standard tobacco
pipes work fine if you add a screen, and screened corn cob pipes work
well, as the resin soaks into the cob (which can later be chopped up and
smoked), just make sure it's screened and fairly heat resistant. Some
pipes have a heating element (usually a car cigarette lighter element)
that heats the dope up to sub-flammable temperatures and releases all of
the cannaboids without destroying any, as direct flame tends to do.
These are called tilt or vaporizor pipes (or bongs, if an element is built
into one), and I've yet to rig up a reliable one. If you can make a metal
pipe, you can drop some dope onto a heated up cigarette lighter and
draw, or drop some on and collect the smoke in a 2-litre bottle with the
bottom cut off and inhale from the top (similar to hot knives, below).
I don't use many pipes these days, except for convenience. The most
portable type of smoking instrument, you can make them pretty much out
of anything. Coke cans, copper piping, tobacco pipes... I've even made a
pipe out of a cigarette package (in a pinch). Coke cans make great
temporary pipes, just indent it on the side, puncture some small holes
in it and smoke from the spout. Punch a carb (an airhole that you keep
covered while hooting and uncover to clear the chamber at the end of
your toke) in the side if you wish. A rubber hose with a copper bowl
stuck on the end works quite nicely. Carve them out of wood or
soapstone. Make them out of clay or ceramics. The only things you need
are a hole w/screen to put your bud in and a mouthpiece on the other
end.
A stash pipe is a pipe with a small amount of ganja held in the stem of
the instrument. Whenever bud is smoked in the bowl, the ganja in the
stem is bathed in smoke and coated in resin. The longer you leave it in,
the stronger it gets.
ONE-HITS
--------
One-hits or dugouts are very portable instruments for people who only
like to smoke a little at a time. It's a small metal tube with a cavity
at one end and a mouthpiece on the other. You press the cavity into a
small containter of cleaned, chopped grass to fill it and then it is lit
like a cigarette and inhaled steadily until the grass is smoked. You
only get one inhalation per filling, so it's called a one-hit. A dugout
is a small container which has a space for some cleaned grass and
another space for the one-hit itself.
A good design that I use often is a simple 3/8" pipe, about two inches
long, with a cigar filter stuck on the end, and a small screen pushed down
at the front about a 1/4". It's very portable, and in a bad situation,
I've passed it off as a cigarette holder.
GAS PIPES
---------
A gas pipe is essentially a regular pipe with a large chamber. The
standard design is a plastic bottle with the bottom cut off and a small
bowl mounted perpendicular to the bottle in the side. You cover the
bottom with your hand, light the bud and suck, which fills the chamber.
Then you uncover the end of the bottle to rush all the smoke in your
lungs.
BONGS
-----
Water bongs, also known as water pipes (esp. in head shops), are,
IMHO, the most enjoyable, comfortable and easy way to smoke. The bong
is essentially a sealed chamber half-full of water. A pipe with a bowl
on the end goes into the chamber and the water, another pipe with a
mouthpiece on the end that enters the chamber but stays above the water
level. You put bud in the bowl, apply a flame to it and suck on the
mouthpiece. This will lower the air pressure in the chamber, causing
air to travel from the bowl, through the water, into the chamber and
into your lungs, pulling the smoke with it. The water cools the smoke,
as well as filtering quite a few carcinogens from it, and you usually
get a couple of tokes because the chamber fills with smoke. You can build a
carb into the bong to drain the chamber, or leave it without (some
prefer this, as it's a less immediate way than a carb to drain the chamber
if you just keep sucking on the hose). Here are a couple of designs that
I've found to work.
Mason Jar bong
--------------
The standard. I'm no great ASCII artist, but I'll give it my best.
> _________
/ -------.| ____
mouthpiece || \ / <---- bowl
|| ||
|| ||
____||_________||____
|____||_________||____|
| || || |
| || || |
jar --> | || |
| || |
|^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^||^^^^| <---- water line
| || |
| || |
| || |
| || |
|_____________________|
Classic design, efficient, easy to make and paint. I used surgical
tubing for the mouthpiece and one of the aforementioned toilet tubes for
the bowl and pipes (I cut a piece about two inches off and stuck it
through the lid for the shorter tube, put the tubing over that). The
carb could be placed in the lid if you wish (mine is carbless).
Coke bottle bong
----------------
This is a simple design, but the most efficient bong I've found. Take a
1-litre plastic bottle and put two holes in it, one about halfway down
the bottle and the other on the opposite side about an inch up from
the bottom. Take a pipe & bowl (toilet tube is perfect, once again) and
insert it in the lower hole. Hold the pipe up at about a 60 degree angle
so that the bottom of the pipe is almost at the bottom of the bottle and
the bowl is sticking up as much as possible, and seal/glue it in place
(I use hot glue for this one and change the bottle about every month,
scraping out the old one for resin, keeping the toilet tube). Fill the
bottle up with water to about halfway between the two holes. You hold
the bottle straight up so that the bowl is pointing up and away from
you. The hole halfway up on the back is your carb, and suck from the
mouthpiece of the bottle. You can also make it out of smaller bottles
for more portability, or link two or more bottles together, or use
bigger bottles for a larger chamber... experiment.
Triple Chamber Mason jar
------------------------
This is a design that has worked quite well for me as well. The design
is the same as the mason jar bong above, but there are three jars used.
Three wide-mouth mason jars of different sizes are needed. The second
largest jar comes first. Mount the bowl and pipe as above, except
instead of the mouth piece going into your mouth, use a 1/2" diameter
piece of rubbing tubing and put it into the largest jar, below the water
level. Then another half-inch piece from above the water level of the
largest jar into the smallest, below water level, and finally a
mouthpiece from above the water level of the smallest. When you suck on
the tube of the smallest, it lowers the air pressure in the jar, and it
sucks air from the largest chamber. The air pressure in the largest goes
down, so it sucks from the chamber of the second-largest jar, which then
sucks the smoke down from the bowl on that one. This is kind of the
chain:
Mouth hose (3/8" rubber) - chamber on smallest - 1/2" rubber
hose below water level on smallest - chamber of largest - below
water level of largest - chamber of second largest - 3/8" pipe
below water level of second largest - bowl & ganja.
That's as clear as I can make the design... it gives a surprising amount
of suction and absolutely huge tokes. You can work out some kind of
carburation system for it, but it seems to me that carbs are rather
pointless with this design. Make sure all seals between lids of jars and
the hoses are airtight - one small hole will stop it from working.
If you get the basic principle behind bongs, there's no telling what you
can do.
GRAVITY BONGS
-------------
Also known as bucket bongs, beach bongs, and depth charges, this is
essentially a device that uses gravity and air pressure to draw the
smoke into a large chamber and then expel it quickly into the lungs.
This gives much larger hits than most instruments, and it is possible to
get quite fried quickly with a relatively small amount of weed. The most
popular method is to take a 2-litre and a 3-litre bottle. Cut the top
off the 3-litre at the point where it starts to curve into the neck, and
the bottom off the 2-litre. Attach a bowl to the top of the 2-litre (or,
preferably, attach one to the lid so it can be taken off). Fill the
3-litre up with water. Place the 2-litre into the 3-litre and attach the
filled bowl to the top. Then light the bud as you slowly draw the
2-litre up. This will create a vacumn in the 2-litre bottle and suck the
smoke down into the chamber. Once you get near the top, quickly remove
the bowl, expel all the air out of your lungs, put your lips over the
top of the bottle and push it back down quickly. This will force all the
smoke into your lungs quickly.
You can experiment a little bit with this design, using different sized
containers and such, but the model above works as well as any other I've
tried. It's easy to use it in a kitchen sink filled with water as well.
Another popular method is to just put a small hole in the lid instead
of a bowl and placing a lit joint in the hole. Draw the bottle up, and
it's possible to get an entire joint into the bottle to be taken in your
lungs at once.
WATERFALLS
----------
This is essentially a variant on the gravity. You take a bottle (I use a
2-litre) and drill a small hole (about 3/8") in the bottom, at the lowest
point.
Cover this hole with your finger and fill the bottle up. Then, attach a
filled bowl to the top (I use the same Coke-bottle lid as the gravity) and
light the
dope. Uncover the hole out the bottom, and as the water drains out, the
smoke will be drawn in. Keep the bowl lit and let the water drain out,
and by the time you're done you have a 2-litre bottle full of
concentrated smoke. Just suck from the top and uncover the hole at the
bottom to hoot. This is also an extremely efficient design, as very
little smoke can escape.
HOT KNIVES
----------
Knives are a rather complex method of smoking dope, but also a very
powerful and efficient method. Although it sounds simple, it can be
difficult to do them successfully (especially if you're already cooked).
All you need are a couple of knives (with wood handles, preferably),
something to heat them with (a propane torch works best), a plastic
bottle with the bottom cut off, a moderately heat-resistant plate (I use
a lightswitch plate), and of course, weed. You heat the knives to the
point where they're glowing red. Then you put the bottle in your mouth,
take one of the hot knives, touch it to a SMALL bud on the plate so that
it sticks to the knife, and then use the other one to sandwich the bud
between the two knives underneath the bottle in your mouth. Plumes of
smoke will come up into the bottle, which you then draw into your lungs.
This can hurt your throat like hell, but it works beautifully. It's also
the most popular way to do hash, and a reasonably good way to smoke hash
oil.
GLASSES
-------
This is a really entertaining way to smoke dope, and also a pretty good
party trick. =) First, take a nice-sized glass mug or jar, run it under
the faucet, and put it into the freezer for about twenty minutes. Light
a joint and put it into a holder (a Bic pen with the innards removed works
well) until only the burning cherry and about another 1/4" of the joint
are sticking out. Then take the burning end and CAREFULLY put it into your
mouth. Take the jar out of the freezer, stick the end of the Bic pen
(the end you'd be dragging on if using the pen like a cigarette holder)
near the bottom of the jar, and blow. The cold jar keeps the smoke from
escaping, and you can fill the jar to the top (it's possible to get the
entire joint in). Then take the jar, put it to your lips, and inhale it
into your lungs by tipping it into your mouth just as you would a drink.
The smoke will be so cold you can barely feel it going down. It's
complicated to do correctly, and takes some practice, but it's probably
one of my favourite methods.
EATING
------
You can eat dope if you heat it first to activate the cannaboids, which
are also fat and alcohol soluble. This is much more efficient than
smoking it, as none is wasted, and it gives a longer stone. Also, it
eliminates the carcinogenic effects of smoking it. The most popular
method is to sautee some ganja in some butter on medium heat for awhile,
and then using the butter to cook. You can make anything out of it...
cookies, cakes, spead it on bread, cook vegetables, and, of course,
brownies. Standard ratio is one eighth of an ounce of ganja to a stick
of butter.
DRINKING
--------
It is also possible to extract the active ingredients from dope by
soaking them in a strong alcohol. The cannaboids are alcohol soluble, so
they dissolve into the alcohol. The remaining solids can then be
strained out and the mixture drunk, with the same effects as eating it.
The standard method is to take a bottle of 190 proof grain alcohol and
put it in a pot on an ELECTRIC stove. Heat it to sub-boiling and then
add ganja (standard ratio: 1/2 gram per ounce of liquor). Let it sit at
sub-boiling for 20 minutes or so and then drain it out. This produces a
green-tinted alcohol known as "Green Dragon", which can be drunk
straight (painful) or put in a drink. A popular drink using Green Dragon
is 1 oz. Green Dragon and lemon lime soda served over ice with a dollop
of honey.
IN CONCLUSION
-------------
As you can see, bong construction can be extremely creative. I'm going
to include the plans to one last bong: my masterpiece, the Kong Bong. =)
Kong Bong
---------
Take a 20 litre plastic water cooler jug. Drill four 3/8" holes around
to the top, put in four 3/8" hoses a couple feet long and seal them. These
are your mouthpieces. Then find a bowl. For the bowl on mine, I use one of
those large spark plug sockets. Drill a hole in the lid of the bottle and
insert the bowl. Seal it with silicone or something similarily
heat-resistant. Then, on the bottom of the cap, afix a rubber hose over
the bottom of the bowl and seal it in place. This is your main bowl
w/hose. Now drill a 1" hole in the side of the bottle right at the
bottom, and put in some kind of plug or pipe with a removable
water-tight cap. Fill the bong half-full of water and put the lid on the
top. You now have a bong with a 10 litre chamber and a bowl that can
hold as much as an eighth of an ounce of ganja that four people can suck
on at once. A propane torch or similar heavy-duty flame is recommended
for lighting the bowl, as the bowl is too big for a lighter flame. Once
we're all nicely cooked, I usually re-stuff the bowl and hold a flame to
it while I uncap the hole near the bottom and plug the toke hoses. This
drains all the water out, and as it drains, it serves as a waterfall as
well, fully filling up the 20-litre bottle (with the pipe & hose, the
waterfall smoke is bubbled through the draining water) with smoke. Any
hoses that aren't being used to toke should be plugged (as well, cover the
end with your
thumb while exhaling or resting) or there won't be any suction. Or
unplug a couple hoses and they'll serve as a carb to drain the chamber.
The ultimate party bong.
---
There will be periodic updates to the FAQ when I discover new methods
and designs. My thanks to all those who sent in designs, and whoever
sent messages a year ago on the net detailing some of the basics to get
me started. Good luck, and happy smoking.
--
Chris M.F. Walsh (Chris_Walsh@mindlink.bc.ca)
Vancouver, B.C., Canada Voice:(604) 943-9273
"Everything to excess. Moderation is for monks."
- Lazarus Long

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From: pearl@crl.com (Peter Helyar)
Newsgroups: alt.hemp,alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Weed Laws/CA
Message-ID: <2foqpb$s88@crl.crl.com>
Date: 28 Dec 93 08:29:31 GMT
In article <ohoffmanCIpwAD.E8t@netcom.com> ohoffman@netcom.com (Owen Hoffman) writes:
>Does anybody here know what the
>laws in California are regarding marijuana?
I recently purchased the book you need.
_Marijuana Law_, by Richard Glen Boire. 1992, ISBN0-914171-62-3, 171 pp.,
with a foreword by Tony Serra (which is in itself a significant
reccomendation.)
I quote from that Foreword:
"I urge every marijuana smoker to turn [this book] into usable knowledge.
We must know the law to fight the law. We must fight fire with fire. We
must know the law to resist and defy injustice."
For those unfamiliar with his name, Tony Serra is a lawyer who has made
great strides in the defense of drug cases. The first statement in his
Foreword runs:
"We marijuana smokers in the U.S. are an oppressed category of citizens."
Earlier this year, he agreed to represent some friends of mine who had
been arrested after selling several hundred thousand doses of LSD to
undercover agents. When the San Francisco daily newspaper, _The
Chronicle_, interviewed him that week, he led off the interview by saying
that he felt that LSD and mushrooms were wonderful drugs, and he wished
he were on them right then.
I can't help feeling that we would be much better off if there were a
damn' sight more lawyers like Tony around.
--
/^v^\ |There are no rehearsals - live like you mean it already.
( 0 0 ) |
uuuu U uuuu | pearl@crl.com (this is more reliable)
Pearlie was here | pearl@cyberden.sf.ca.us

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From: esterling@cdp.UUCP
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Bill of Rights & Drugs Prt I
Message-ID: <225100338@cdp>
Date: 3 Jan 91 21:53:00 GMT
Lines: 301
Nf-ID: #N:cdp:225100338:000:15604
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!esterling Jan 3 13:53:00 1991
Attention alt.drugs conference users: Many of us are concerned about the
impact of the war on drugs on our constitutional rights. I was invited by the
Colorado Bar Association to address it on this subject this fall. For ease of
transmission, I have divided the text of the speech into three parts. The
speech was reprinted on 7 pages in VITAL SPEECHES OF THE DAY, Nov. 1, 1990, a
publication found in many public libraries.
Part I of III
"IS THE BILL OF RIGHTS
A CASUALTY OF THE WAR ON DRUGS?"
ERIC E. STERLING
President, The Criminal Justice Policy Foundation
PeaceNet: esterling
2000 L St. N.W., Suite 702
Washington, D.C. 20036
Tel. 202-835-9075
Fax. 202-223-1288
Remarks prepared for
delivery to the
COLORADO BAR ASSOCIATION
92nd Annual Convention
Aspen, Colorado
September 14, 1990
(Revised, November 5, 1990)
Good afternoon. I'm going to talk to you this afternoon about the "war on
drugs" and its effects on the Bill of Rights. There isn't any question that
drug abuse is one of our nation's most serious public health problems. In some
instances, drug abuse can cause birth defects in babies, mental retardation and
learning disabilities in children, mental illness in teenagers and adults, as
well as death and suicide. Addiction to tobacco causes at least 300,000 deaths
a year and billions of dollars of economic losses. Abuse of alcohol causes some
100,000 deaths per year, and thousands more crippling injuries.
The criminal traffic in drugs usually involves violence and murder, brib-
ery, and tax evasion. Many drug addicts commit theft, fraud, burglary or
robbery to get the money to buy expensive drugs. There is a tiny criminal
traffic in alcohol, and crime committed to buy alcohol, in contrast to crime
committed under the influence, is not great. Obviously, drug abuse and drug
trafficking are very serious problems.
This afternoon I'm going to be critical of our war-like approach to the
drug problem. But that doesn't mean that I think drugs are good. I don't. I
don't think we can win the "war on drugs," but that doesn't mean we can't be a
lot more effective in dealing with the drug problem. Basically, we have to
manage the drug problem -- that is, the distribution has to be regulated and
policed and subject to the forces of law and order.
The war on drugs is a war on all of us. Who is the enemy in the war on
drugs? It is not the drugs because the drugs are mere chemicals. We have a
war on drugs no more than we have a war on carbon dioxide.
In the eyes of the government, the obvious enemy is everyone who uses ill-
egal drugs, and everyone who gives them aid and comfort. Of course, the ob-
vious enemy includes everyone who buys drugs, who sells drugs, who transports
drugs, who grows marijuana.
But there are hidden enemies. The hidden enemy is every person not act-
ively working to purge drug users from our society. The hidden enemies include
the employers of people who may use drugs if the employer fails to adopt steps
to root out drug users -- even if employees are competent and perform well.
The hidden enemy is every parent of a drug user who fails to turn their
child over to the police or fails to use every means to coerce their child into
stopping his or her drug use.
The hidden enemy is every lawyer who represents a person accused of
violating the drug law.
The hidden enemy is everyone who makes or exhibits a motion picture that
makes jokes about drug use. The hidden enemy is every merchant who sells
cigarette rolling papers. The enemy hidden is every radio station that plays
rock 'n' roll from the 1960s and 70s.
The hidden enemy is our next door neighbor, our bowling buddy or golfing
partner, our mail carrier, our secretary, our spouse. We are the government's
hidden enemy.
When you have a hidden enemy, you need to use extremely powerful weapons.
As in Vietnam, when you can't find the hidden enemy, sometimes weapons are
used that injure the innocent. A foundation of our system of justice is that
it is to protect the innocent. That foundation has been filled by the termites
of the war on drugs.
This afternoon let's examine the weapons being used by the government
against its enemies in the war on drugs and examine the casualty list.
It is my thesis that among the most tragic casualties in the "war on drugs
" are our constitutional liberties. To start, let's go through the Bill of
Rights in the Constitution one-by-one to see how they have been affected by the
war on drugs.
The First Amendment: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establish-
ment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the
freedom of speech, or of the press..." "What does the First Amendment have to
do with drugs?" you ask.
I want to bring two examples to your attention: the first is the decision
of the United States Supreme Court, Employment Division of Oregon v. Smith
(--U.S.--, 110 S.Ct. 1595, No. 88-1213, April 17, 1990). In that case two
Native Americans were discharged from employment in the drug treatment program
for which they worked because they used peyote as part of their participation
in the religious practices of the Native American Church. Peyote is the sacra-
ment in that church. They applied for unemployment benefits after they were
fired, and the State of Oregon turned them down. The Oregon Supreme Court,
however, found that as participants in the Native American Church they had a
right to use peyote, and said they were entitled to benefits.
But the Oregon Attorney General, Dave Frohnmeyer, Republican candidate for
Governor, saw the case differently. In his view, the war on drugs can not
tolerate drug use. If a drug treatment program demands a "drug-free" staff,
Native Americans who worship with their sacrament ought to be fired. And an
appropriate government weapon in the war on drugs is to deny such people
unemployment benefits.
Notwithstanding well settled Supreme Court precedents that denial of these
benefits impermissibly restricts the free exercise of religion, Attorney
General/gubernatorial candidate Frohnmeyer appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.
It is important to stress that peyote is the sacrament in the Native Amer-
ican Church -- it is used by over 250,000 Native American worshippers. They
don't consider it a drug anymore than Catholics think of communion wine as a
drug, or as a refreshing beverage.
The Supreme Court, 5 to 4, reversed the Oregon Supreme Court, and in the
process threw out the long-standing doctrine that a State's burden upon the
free exercise of religion can only be justified by a State "compelling interest
" that cannot be served by less restrictive means (Sherbert v. Verner, 374 U.S.
398, 406 (1963), Cantwell v. Connecticut, 310 U.S. 296 (1940)). Consider the
background: the respondents were never prosecuted by Oregon for their use of
peyote. There is no evidence that anyone has ever been harmed by the religious
use of peyote. 23 States and the Federal government exempt the religious use
of peyote from the Controlled Substances Act. Indians who use peyote as part
of the Native American Church are less likely to abuse drugs or be alcoholic
than those who do not.
Here is a case where use of a religious sacrament, because it has been
classified by law enforcement authorities as a drug, but nevertheless an
essential component of the way in which people worship and have worshipped for
hundreds of years, became the basis for denying unemployment benefits. From
the perspective of the international, multi-billion dollar war on drugs, this
case was totally insignificant. Unlike crack or heroin, the use of peyote is
not destroying people, their families, or cities like New York, or nations like
Colombia.
Most importantly, this case was a purely a symbolic battlefield in the war
on drugs. Yet this totally insignificant drug case became the occasion for
restricting the religious freedom of all Americans by narrowing the applica-
bility of the Free Exercise clause. Justice Blackmun wrote ironically in his
dissent, "One hopes that the Court is aware of the consequences, and that its
result is not a product of overreaction to the serious problems the country's
drug crisis has generated." (Dissenting Slip Opinion at 2.)
Justice Blackmun put his finger on the problem: this trashing of the Free
Exercise of Religion was purely an overreaction to the drug problem, and the
Bill of Rights was a casualty. As we will see, this result is hardly new.
Let's look at another way in which the First Amendment is being undermined
by the war on drugs -- in this instance, the freedom of the press. This summer
, a magazine about drugs and the drug culture -- High Times -- is being invest-
igated by the U.S. Attorney in Louisiana for aiding and abetting the illegal
cultivation of marijuana. The magazine prints a column called "Ask Ed" that
gives tips on improving marijuana cultivation. High Times is also being in-
vestigated for printing advertisements for "grow lights," irrigation equipment
that can be used for growing, among other plants, marijuana, and an advertise-
ment for "The Seed Bank", a business in the Netherlands that would mail seeds
for growing marijuana.
This investigation is not an obscenity case. This is not an investigation
of an "incitement to imminent lawless action" under Brandenburg v. Ohio
(395 U.S. 444 (1969)). This is an old-fashioned threat of prosecution for
seditious writing. This harks back to the dark days of the 1918 Sedition Act
and the prosecution of filmmaker Robert Goldstein, sentenced to 10 years in
prison for his unbecoming portrayal of the British (then U.S. wartime allies)
in a film about the American Revolution, and the conviction of Eugene Debs for
criticizing Teddy Roosevelt's support of World War I.
Once again, in the charged atmosphere of war, the fundamental freedom of
press is endangered.
The second amendment says, "A well regulated militia, being necessary to
the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms,
shall not be infringed." Gun control advocates argue that this amendment does
not guarantee an individual right. (Quilici v. Village of Morton Grove,
695 F.2d 261 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 863 (1983), and U.S. v.
Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939).) However, having been responsible for Federal gun
control legislation between 1981 and 1989 and having read many of the law re-
view articles on the origins and meaning of the Second Amendment (See e.g.
Stephen P. Halbrook, Ph.D., J.D., THAT EVERY MAN BE ARMED: THE EVOLUTION OF A
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT (University of New Mexico Press 1984); To Keep and Bear
Their Private Arms: The Adoption of the Second Amendment, 1787 - 1791, 10
Northern Kentucky Law Review 13-39 (1982) reprinted in 131 CONG. REC., 99th
Cong., 1st Sess., S9105-9111, July 9, 1985); The Right to Bear Arms in the
First State Bills of Rights, 10 VERMONT LAW REVIEW 255-320 (1985).), I think
there is an individual right to keep and bear some arms. There are scores of
millions of Americans who possess a .22 rifle for target practice, a handgun
for personal or family protection, or a shotgun for hunting. Perhaps there are
a few such Americans in this room today. I think that such firearms possession
is protected by the Second Amendment.
But the extremism of the war on drugs manages to infringe on that right.
If, after surgery let's say, you use your wife's Valium or your husband's pain
medication, and the prescription was not issued to you, you are an unlawful
user of drugs. If you also happen to be exercising your Second Amendment
rights and possess a firearm in your closet or gun cabinet, your possession of
the firearm makes you, at that moment, a Federal felon subject to a ten-year
sentence and a quarter million dollar fine (18 U.S.C. 922(g) and 924(a)(2)).
This penalty also applies to the millions of American gun owners who use mari-
juana, even those who live in states for which the penalty for possessing
marijuana is a minor civil offense as it is here in Colorado. If you receive
a shotgun for Christmas and accept it, having twice been convicted of possess-
ion of marijuana or another drug, you are subject to a mandatory five years in
prison (18 U.S.C. 924(c) and 21 U.S.C. 844(a)).
The politically manufactured fear (See Kaplan, MARIJUANA --THE NEW PROHI-
BITION, (1970) 91-146, and materials cited therein.) of the blood-thirsty
maniac killer of "Reefer Madness," led Congress to prohibit any person who was
addicted to or used illegal drugs from receiving a firearm. The blunderbuss
weapon of an overbroad law was created. Thus, millions of Americans, whose
illegal use of drugs is a minor or technical violation, are felons and potent-
ial casualties because of their exercise of Second Amendment right to posses
firearms.
Incidentally, common sense is also a casualty in the war on drugs. Prison
is one place we don't want convicts to have firearms. In 1984, a ten year
prison term was established for possessing or bringing a firearm or bomb into
a Federal prison. In 1988, Senator Phil Gramm of Texas insisted that the pen-
alty for bringing heroin, cocaine or LSD into prison be raised from 3 years to
20 years. Now possession of drugs in prison is twice as serious as possessing
a firearm or a bomb, rocket or grenade. When the stupidity of this amendment
was pointed out, the Senator's counsel insisted that it was Gramm's contribu-
tion to the 1988 Anti-Drug Abuse Act and it had to be in the bill. (18 U.S.C.
1791(b)(1); P.L. 100-690, sec. 6468(a), (b).
The Third Amendment prohibits in time of peace the quartering of soldiers
in any house. You recall, of course, that in the 18th century the King of
England quartered soldiers in homes to keep an eye on the unruly, disloyal
colonists. About all the King had were soldiers -- he had few other officials
to police the behavior of citizens. Police as we know them today were not
invented until the 19th century. Well, today government mandated urine testing
is the contemporary equivalent of quartering troops in homes. The disloyal
person who smokes marijuana in his home Saturday night while watching a home
video, who is urine tested by government order on Tuesday, suffers the same
degrading, invasive surveillance as if the King's soldier were sitting there
in the living room monitoring the citizen's private activity.
Now the government uses infra red cameras in military satellites designed
to find the hot engines of enemy vehicles moving at night to look over houses
in America to find those that show up as excessively warm. This evidence is
used for obtaining records of electricity use to see if someone might be
growing something indoors that he or she shouldn't be. Now instead of merely
stationing soldiers in homes, the war on drugs uses "Buck Rogers" weapons --
the technology of 21st century warfare -- to look right through the ceiling
into our homes. The privacy from military surveillance embodied in the third
amendment is another casualty.
End Part I of II
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20/150: The war on drugs and rights PT2
Name: Faramir #12 @17458
Date: Sun Apr 07 00:47:46 1991
From: Gentle Rain Electronic Forum (Southern California)
Part II of III
"IS THE BILL OF RIGHTS
A CASUALTY OF THE WAR ON DRUGS?"
The Fourth Amendment states that "The right of the people to be secure in
their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and
seizures, shall not be violated." Then the amendment spells out the procedure
for issuing warrants. Every member of this audience who practices criminal law
knows that every interpretation of this amendment that ever extended the "right
of the people to be secure" has been reversed in the 18 years since President
Richard Nixon declared war on drugs. From the first days of the war on drugs,
new exceptions to the warrant requirements, to the probable cause requirements,
to the particularity requirements, have been created -- and almost all of these
have been in drug cases. Those of you who do not practice criminal law, who
studied criminal procedure in law school ten or fifteen years ago would be
< >Pause< >//<2F> shocked. Lead cases you knew such as Aguilar v. Texas (378 U.S. 108 (1964)),
and Spinelli v. U.S. (393 U.S. 410 (1969)), are gone, overruled in drug cases,
rationalized by the exigencies of the war on drugs. (See e.g. Wisotsky,
Exposing the War on Cocaine: The Futility and Destructiveness of Prohibition,
1983 WISCONSIN LAW REVIEW 1305, 1418-1420.)
The Fourth Amendment has been so watered down that the search of a person
for evidence of drug use -- without any evidence of drug use, without any ind-
ividualized suspicion -- is, in the words of Justice Scalia, "a kind of immol-
ation of privacy and human dignity in symbolic opposition to drug use."
(National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab, 489 U.S. 656, 109 S.Ct. 1384
(No. 86-1879, March 21, 1989)).
By this time, you must be wondering if the Bar Association turned this
program over to some radicals who cooked up the inflammatory title, "Is the
Bill of Rights a casualty of the war on drugs?" Well, a fairly conservative
newspaper, USA Today, on November 15, 1989 entitled its lead, cover story "The
War on Drugs--Are Our Rights on the Line?" On the cover was a photograph of
the Broward County, Florida Sheriff manufacturing crack cocaine to sell in
stings of drug buyers. The subheadline is "Some Worry Police Out of Control."
The story begins, "As the war on drugs intensifies, there is growing
concern that the battle is claiming an unintended victim,
our Constitutional rights. Emboldened by recent Supreme
Court rulings, police across the U.S.A. are adopting
aggressive tactics including neighborhood sweeps, no-
knock searches, reverse stings and property seizures.
'I've lived through a lot of crime crises but we've never
gone out of control like this,' says University of
Michigan law professor Yale Kamisar, an expert on police
searches."
"In Detroit, police raided a food market in a drug
neighborhood, held the owner and seized his profits after
dogs sniffed cocaine on three one dollar bills in his
cash register. Quoting Denver Federal Judge Richard
Matsch, a Nixon appointee, 'I wonder where the United
States is headed. My concern is that the real victim of
the war on drugs might be the Constitutional rights of
the American people.'"
The Fourth Amendment, in its requirement that warrants "particularly
describe" the place to be searched and the objects of the search requires that
the information that sustains a search be recent, Rugendorf v. U.S. (376 U.S.
528 (1964)), Sgro v. U.S. (287 U.S. 206 (1932)). If an informant tells a
police officer, "You know, it seems to me that last winter I remember that Joe
had some marijuana on the table in his living room," it is not permissible to
rely on that information as the basis for a search today to find marijuana.
Now consider the case reported in the article in USA Today, from Hudson,
New Hampshire. At 5:00 a.m., August 3, 1989, police came to the home of Bruce
Lavoie, 34, a machinist with a wife and three children. Without announcing
themselves and without evidence that Lavoie might be armed, police smashed the
door with a battering ram. Police had a search warrant based in part on an
informant's tip that was 20 months old. "As he rose from his bed, apparently
resisting the intruders, Mr. Lavoie was fatally shot as his son watched. A
single marijuana cigarette was found."
The casualties are not just abstractions, they have children, now orphans,
who will never feel their father's hugs again, all innocent victims of the war
on drugs. Incidentally, pickets later defending the police use of deadly force
carried signs reading, "Druggies have no rights."
The Fifth Amendment sets forth many rights and procedures including the pro-
hibition against depriving any person of "life, liberty or, property, without
due process of law." In the 1986 Anti-Drug Abuse Act, Congress created a
scheme of mandatory sentences in drug cases (which I played a major part in
drafting). Two levels of mandatory sentences were set forth for transactions
in quantities of drugs greater than certain threshold quantities which was in-
tended to give U.S. Attorneys the direction to focus on the highest level
traffickers, and not waste time on the small fry. Unfortunately the enacted
thresholds, as watered down by the Senate and in conference, are no longer
based on the realities of the drug marketplace. They were adopted without
consideration of their effect in sentencing real defendants, without consider-
ation of the effect on prison populations, and without study of their potential
effectiveness in deterring drug trafficking or drug use.
Now those mandatory penalties are used to coerce plea bargains. They give
prosecutors the power to say, "Here's your choice: I can charge you with this
offense which carries a mandatory sentence. If you go to trial and you lose,
you will get a mandatory 10 years without parole up to life imprisonment for a
first offense (21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1)(A). (Congress specifically prohibited par-
ole in these kinds of cases.) Alternatively, if you plead guilty to this less-
er included offense which only carries a maximum of 20 years, cooperate with us
by becoming an informant for us, we'll recommend a lower sentence in the guide-
lines such as five years or something like that (21 U.S.C. 841(b)(1)(C)."
Very simply, faced with that kind of choice, a guilty plea is coerced, and
the fifth amendment protection against denial of due process of law is lost.
Let's think of another example of the erosion of the fifth amendment pro-
tection. Due process in criminal cases includes the presumption of innocence,
In re Winship (397 U.S. 358, 90 S.Ct. 1068 (1970)). However, in drug cases,
Congress granted to the government the power to seize the property of suspects
in advance of trial. Indeed, in advance of indictment (21 U.S.C. 853(e)).
Another way in which due process is denied and the accused are unable to
get a fair trial in some drug cases is by means of the "megatrial." Under the
continuing criminal enterprise section of the Controlled Substances Act (21
U.S.C. 848) and RICO, the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations
Statute (18 U.S.C. 1961), there are monstrous trials, in which a score of de-
fendants are tried together in dozens of counts of indictments alleging hun-
dreds of different acts. Former Chief Judge Jack Weinstein of the Eastern
District of New York in his opinion in U.S. v. Gallo spelled out how putting
many defendants together in a "megatrial" undermines the presumption of inno-
cence (National Law Journal, Dec. 7, 1988 at 13). If the government accuses
twenty Italian-American men with being members of an organized crime family and
requires them to sit together at the same table in a courtroom for half a year
and presents a continuous stream of testimony about conversations between and
about Italian surnamed citizens, what jury isn't going to believe that they are
all members of the "Mafia?" Even when the evidence only applies to a few de-
fendants, the innocent defendants are the victims of "spillover prejudice."
Another megatrial, the "Pizza Connection" heroin trial (U.S. v.
Badalamenti) in New York, lasted over 17 months. There were something like 21
defendants. The name of one defendant was not mentioned in the evidence or
testimony until six months had elapsed. How does someone defend oneself in a
megatrial? How can a jury process evidence in a complex trial that takes 17
months and sort the truth from the lies in dozens of counts? How can due proc-
ess of law be said to exist in that situation? Yet these abuses are being tol-
erated in the prosecution of the war on drugs. The casualties include thousands
of accused (including some who are innocent) with good defenses, who rightly
feared that the risk of conviction coupled with mandatory penalties made a neg-
otiated guilty plea look more attractive.
The Sixth Amendment, among many specific rights, guarantees that "the
accused shall enjoy the right ... to have the assistance of counsel for his de-
fence." Yet even such a fundamental right is under attack by the government
and the courts in the course of the war on drugs. In U.S. v. Morrison (449
U.S. 361 (1981)), Drug Enforcement Administration special agents knowingly met
with the defendant, without counsel being present, to denigrate counsel's abil-
ity and threaten conviction, thus invading and undermining the lawyer-client
relationship. Yet the Supreme Court said a sixth amendment violation could not
be established without a "showing of prejudice" to the outcome (in effect re-
quiring the defendant to lose) -- thus weakening the protection of an individ-
ual's right to counsel.
Congress has also joined the assault on the right to counsel. It gave pro-
secutors the power to seize the fees of the attorneys who represent the accused
in drug cases. Justice Blackmun in describing this law said "Had it been Con-
gress' express aim to undermine the adversary system as we know it, it could
hardly have found a better engine of destruction than attorney's-fee forfeiture
." Caplin & Drysdale, Chartered v. U.S. (dissenting opinion, 109 S.Ct. 2667,
2674 (1989)).
In order to seize those fees, the government has begun to issue subpoenas
to defense attorneys about their fees. This forces the defense attorney to
become a witness in the government's forfeiture case, and forces the attorney
to withdraw as counsel. This has been found to give the government the ability
to eliminate highly competent counsel from trying certain cases.
Another frightening example is that the government is demanding and
attempting to force attorneys to provide it with evidence against their clients
in circumstances rationalized by the war on drugs, but which involve all types
of cases.
This is the background: under the Currency and Foreign Transaction Re-
porting Act of 1970 (also known as the Bank Secrecy Act, 31 U.S.C. 5311 et seq.
), if you went to a bank and made a $10,000 or larger cash transaction, the
bank had to report that transaction to the Treasury Department. But if you
bought a large ticket item like a car and paid cash, that did not have to be
reported to Treasury. Now the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 6050I)
requires all such cash transactions to be reported to IRS. It enables the gov-
ernment to get intelligence about people who buy a Mercedes-Benz with $55,000
in cash. Then the government specifically applied this reporting requirement
to criminal defense lawyers. The special tax return under this section
requires extensive detailing of who the customer is and the nature of the
transaction. Look at how this works for lawyers and their prospective clients.
Let's assume that you believe that you may be under surveillance or in-
vestigation by the government. You keep hearing mysterious clicks on your
telephone, and you think you are being followed. You go to a famous criminal
defense attorney for advice and possible representation, and she wants $10,000,
by no means an unheard of fee. You borrow a few thousands dollars from three
or four close friends and relatives, you pawn your stereo, and pay the attorney
the $10,000 in cash you've collected. The attorney however sends the required
form to the Internal Revenue Service about you. You haven't been indicted.
You don't even know if you're being investigated. Your attorney sends govern-
ment investigators a form saying, "My name is Mary Smith, famous criminal
defense lawyer. I've just been retained by Mr. Jones, who paid me $10,000 in
cash to represent him."
Does anybody doubt that lights and bells will go off at the IRS when that
report comes in? Of course they will. If there is no investigation pending on
Mr. Jones, IRS or another Federal agency will put an agent on him right away.
The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (sec. 7601(b)) created a major exception to the
usual rule of confidentiality of income tax information to permit the return
filed under 26 U.S.C. 6050I to be turned over to any Federal law enforcement
agency (26 U.S.C. 6103(i)(8)). How can the traditional protection of counsel
of choice and the right to have counsel continue to exist if counsel are put in
the position of becoming informants against their own clients?
The Washington Post reported on November 15, 1989, that nine hundred lett-
ers had been sent to criminal defense lawyers around the country by IRS saying,
"We want more information about your clients." Quite justifiably, criminal
defense lawyers are in an uproar -- but so should everyone who values the Sixth
Amendment right to counsel.
The war on drugs has also become the pretext for an assault on the crimin-
al defense bar itself. Sentencing of Federal defendants is pursuant to guide-
lines promulgated by the U.S. Sentencing Commission, but a judge may impose a
sentence lower than the stated guidelines by stating the reasons. However, a
court can impose a sentence below a statutory mandatory minimum sentence
(which Congress has created almost exclusively for drug cases) only upon the
motion of the prosecutor that the defendant provided "substantial assistance in
the investigation or prosecution of another person who has committed an offense
." (18 U.S.C. 3553 (e)).
Consider the temptation upon the defendant awaiting sentence in such a
drug case to find somebody, anybody, who they can inform against, in order to
induce the prosecutor to move for a sentence reduction below the mandatory 5,
10 or 20 years. In fact, many defendants are secretly encouraged by the gov-
ernment to attempt to incriminate their own defense counsel.
The Seventh Amendment guarantees that "In suits at common law, where the
value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury
shall be preserved." If you think about it a second, this right is essential
for protecting other rights. If you want to bring a Federal civil rights case,
for example, you have a right to a jury trial under the Seventh Amendment. If
you are the victim of an environmental hazard, or product liability, or any
kind of case in which you have been harmed, you have a guaranteed opportunity
to sue.
The Sixth Amendment guarantees that criminal trials must be "speedy,"
consequently they have priority over almost every other matter. Recently a
Federal Magistrate in Los Angeles told me that in the United States District
Court for the Central District of California, the volume of drug cases is so
great the judges are concerned that soon they will be unable to try any civil
cases. The number of attorneys in the U.S. Attorney's criminal division has
just been doubled which promises a new influx of drug cases, but few new judge-
ships are being created. The Supreme Court of Vermont declared a six month
moratorium on all civil jury trials. (Administrative Directive #17, "Temporary
Postponement of Civil Jury Trials." January Term, 1990. Signed by all 5
justices on January 11, 1990, effective January 22, 1990. All civil jury
trials for which jurors have not been drawn are postponed until after July 1,
1990. The moratorium was amended on March 28, 1990 when it appeared that the
legislature would appropriate additional funds.) Many other federal and State
courts are in a similar bind.
How can your right to a civil jury trial -- any kind of civil litigation
-- be maintained if the docket is jammed with drug cases? Obviously, that
right is lost.
The Eighth Amendment guarantees that "Excessive bail shall not be required
,...nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted." In 1984, in the Comprehensive
Bail Reform Act, the Congress said that in most felonious drug cases (see 21
U.S.C. 841(b)), there is a rebuttable presumption that defendants are dangerous
to the community and can be held without bail (18 U.S.C. 3142(e)). Those pro-
visions are being used throughout the federal court system to detain accused
persons before trial. This undermines their ability to work on their defense,
to assist their counsel and to obtain a fair trial.
Regarding the prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment: The
Supreme Court has struck down, as cruel and unusual punishment, the death pen-
alty for crimes that do not involve an intent to kill (Coker v. Georgia,
(433 U.S. 584, 1977, rape); Enmund v. Florida (458 U.S. 782, 1982, co-defendant
in a robbery and murder); Cabana v. Bullock, (474 U.S. 376, 1986, instructions
to jury require finding an intent to commit murder).; cf. Tison v. Arizona
(481 U.S. 137, 1987).
However, on June 28, 1990 the Senate, by a 66 to 32 vote, adopted the
D'Amato amendment to S. 1970 providing for the death penalty for a person
convicted of any drug violation committed as part of a large scale continuing
criminal enterprise (21 U.S.C. 848(b) and (c)(1) (involving for example 30,000
kilograms of marijuana, or only 1.5 kilograms of cocaine base, 300 grams of
LSD, 30 kilograms of heroin, etc.), even where no homicide has been committed.
While these are significant quantities, by no means are they earth-shaking
quantities. And considering the purity of the drug is not considered, a
mid-level operative may be chargeable with a capital offense. When it comes to
fighting the war on drugs, the Senate is prepared to inflict punishments the
Supreme Court has held are cruel and unusual. Only the presence of controver-
sial amendments to ban semi-automatic assault weapons and a provision in the
House crime bill to allow the introduction of evidence of racial disparity in
the imposition of the death penalty, combined with the exhaustion of Congress
in the October 1990 budget deadlock, resulted in the elimination of these death
penalty provisions in the enacted legislation (S.3266).
Unless the political climate is forced to change, it is only a matter of
time before the death penalty for these types of offenses will be imposed.
(Parenthetically, the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral argument on November 5,
1990 in Harmelin v. Michigan (No. 89-7272), on the question of whether the
Michigan law requiring a sentence of mandatory life in prison without possibil-
ity of parole for the simple possession of more than 650 grams of cocaine
constitutes cruel and unusual punishment. The only other offenses in Michigan
which carry the same sentence are first degree murder, as well as possession of
cocaine with intent to deliver, and distribution of cocaine.
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21/150: The war on drugs AND rights Pt3
Name: Faramir #12 @17458
Date: Sun Apr 07 00:49:42 1991
From: Gentle Rain Electronic Forum (Southern California)
199/200: Steal this concluding post!
Name: Midnight Tree Bandit #2 @18407
Date: Thu Jan 10 08:54:46 1991
From:*The Vaporboard (Virginia)
Part III of III
"IS THE BILL OF RIGHTS
A CASUALTY OF THE WAR ON DRUGS?"
Let me skip the Ninth and Tenth Amendments for a moment. The Thirteenth
Amendment prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude, and the Fourteenth
Amendment, guarantees equal protection of the laws. Those amendments have been
read to prohibit government behavior which continues the badges of slavery --
the treatment of African American citizens as second class citizens (See City
of Memphis v. Greene, 451 U.S. 100, 126 (1981). When the police get the
license to crack down on suspects as part of the war on drugs, in any community
. They stop people without any cause whatsoever. In what communities do the
drag nets take place? You know the answer. Overwhelmingly, it is in minority
communities. The Los Angeles Times ("Blacks Feel Brunt of Drug War", April 22,
1990, p.1) has shown that this is the case throughout the nation.
Consider the National High School Senior Survey of the National Institute
on Drug Abuse shows white youth use drugs at higher rates than black youth.
However, the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
reported that minority youth detained for drug offenses increased by 71 percent
between 1983 and 1985. The rate of detention of white youth was stable. This
is typical of how the burden of enforcement of the drug laws is inflicted on
Blacks, Hispanics and Native Americans. Even though many more pregnant white
women use cocaine than pregnant Black women, 80% of all of the arrests of women
for endangering their fetus or delivering cocaine to their fetus are of Black
women.
The spirit of the 13th and 14th Amendments is violated everyday because
the police are carrying out the war on drugs much more heavy-handedly in
communities of color. Equal protection of the law is being denied.
Returning to the Bill of Rights.
The Ninth Amendment provides that "The enumeration in the Constitution of
certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by
the people." What are those other rights? Those are every other right.
Now, when we think about rights, let's ask, "where do rights come from?"
Do our rights come from Constitutional amendments? Are those our only rights?
Or does the existence of our rights precede the First Amendment? Wasn't it the
Declaration of Independence that said, "we hold these truths to be self evident
" -- that we are "endowed by our Creator with certain unalienable rights?"
Those rights don't flow from Congress. Uncle Sam doesn't give us our
rights. We had our rights before the government was created.
Consider the right to vote. The Fifteenth and Nineteenth Amendments to
the Constitution say that the right to vote shall not be abridged on account of
race or on account of sex. Did those rights come into existence because white
males suddenly thought it would be a neat idea to give those rights to the rest
of us? Did those rights come into existence because Congress finally decided
to vote for them? No. Those rights always existed. They were not recognized
by the society. But those rights were always there. Was it Black Americans or
women that changed in 1870 or 1920? No, society changed -- it recognized that
a right which existed, the exercise of which was being denied, must now be
guaranteed. Society's recognition of our rights is slow, it evolves.
I argue that there is a right to use drugs. Last night a few of you drank
alcohol -- a drug. Today, a few of you have used nicotine, a drug. We don't
urine test people to prevent them from using nicotine. We don't lock up the
nicotine dealers. Most of us have had caffeine today, a very powerful central
nervous system stimulant. We drink it in very carefully measured dosages,
usually in common six ounce ceramic cups or ubiquitous styrofoam cups. Coffee
cups are drug paraphernalia. A wine glass, a beer bottle, they are drug para-
phernalia. An ashtray is drug paraphernalia.
We use drugs in our society legally and illegally to an enormous degree.
Why are the drug laws violated by tens of millions of our fellow citizens?
Because they intuitively know that they have a right to engage in conduct that
gives them pleasurable sensations even though it is prohibited -- that those
laws are unjust.
Many of us in this audience, probably a majority, recognize a woman's
right to control her reproductive freedom, to control her reproductive tissues,
to control her womb. How is the right of all us to control our brains any less
? Don't we have a right to control our cerebral tissue?
To say that exercise of personal control over something so intrinsically
personal as one's brain and central nervous system is not a right reserved
under the Ninth Amendment means that the Ninth Amendment is almost meaningless.
The Tenth Amendment says that "the powers not delegated to the United
States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States are reserved to
the States respectively, or to the people."
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution are re-
served to the people. Where is the power in Article I, Section 8 of the Con-
stitution that allows Congress to say, "We declare that your brain is off
limits to you. You cannot use those cells in your brain that opium can affect,
or that marijuana stimulates. Your brain is not really yours to control. The
space between your ears -- that's not really yours to control. We're the
Congress. That's our space. You are prohibited from using your brain in
unapproved ways." Is this a power that the Congress has? If so, where did it
get it and when?
Let's think about the First amendment broadly for a moment, and think
about the policy that underlies the First Amendment. Ultimately, the First
amendment is designed to guarantee our right to make up our minds. ("Those who
won our independence believed that the final end of the State was to make men
free to develop their faculties . . . . They valued liberty both as an end and
as a means. They believed liberty to be the secret of happiness and courage to
be the secret of liberty. . . ." Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927)
(concurring opinion of Justice Brandeis, joined by Justice Holmes, 274 U.S. at
375). Brandeis defended the "freedom to think as you will and to speak as you
think" as "indispensable to the discovery and spread of political truth....."
(274 U.S. at 375).)
How do our minds work? As you hear me speaking or if you read this, there
are biochemical changes taking place in your brain. That's what's happening.
Your brain is changing chemically. If you remember what I say or wrote, your
brain has been permanently changed.
In fact, what I'm saying is more dangerous than any drug you can take
-- much more dangerous. You might get angry at your members of Congress for
deliberately or carelessly embracing a policy that systematically degrades your
hard won freedoms and liberties. You might protest or take action and chall-
enge the government. Even though what I'm saying is very dangerous because
it's affecting your brain, and affects your ability to make up your mind about
drug laws, what I'm saying is protected by the First Amendment.
Do you have a right to listen or a right to read? Even though the First
Amendment doesn't explicitly say "the freedom to listen shall not be abridged,
isn't it obvious that you have a right to listen. If so, in material terms
you have a right to chose to have your brain changed by what you want to listen
to or what you read.
Two centuries ago the King of England did not try to prevent Americans
from directly using their brains. He did what he could do, which was to punish
seditious speech and treasonous writings -- things which profoundly influenced
the minds of revolutionaries through the chemical changes they caused in their
brains.
Today, we know how the brain functions as a biological processor of
chemicals. But since Congress has by law acted to intervene in your choice of
brain-effecting chemicals, forbidding you from choosing certain drugs that
millions of Americans desire, we must ask, "What is Congress' constitutional
power for doing this?"
Congress' legislative powers are set forth in Article I, Section 8 of the
Constitution. The authority to ban drugs is no longer based on the power to
tax, as it was from 1914 until 1970. Congress now asserts its power to forbid
the use of drugs in the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C 801; titles II and
III of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, Public
Law 91-513.) is based on it's power to regulate interstate and foreign commerce
. (United States v. Scales, 464 F.2d 371,373 (6th Cir. 1972); United States v.
Montes-Zarate, 552 F.2d 1330, 1331 (9th Cir. 1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 947
(1978).) Now what, pray tell, does that have to do with your brain?
Congress recognized that if you grew marijuana in your backyard for your
own use, there would be a very strong claim that such activities did not affect
interstate or foreign commerce. Therefore Congress asserted that "local dis-
tribution, and possession, nonetheless have a substantial and direct effect
upon interstate commerce" and declared that it could not "feasibly different-
iate" or "distinguish" purely intrastate activity with respect to drugs from
the interstate or foreign commerce in drugs. Therefore, it claimed jurisdiction
over drugs grown in your backyard, or always possessed by you in local, intra-
state commerce. (21 U.S.C. 801(3),(4),(5),(6)).
Now, is your brain interstate commerce? Is your bedroom interstate comm-
erce?
Consider the implications of this expansion of the Congressional power to
regulate interstate commerce. Beginning in 1933, Congress at the urging of
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt asserted an enormously expanded role in
regulating interstate commerce. Conservatives considered it an almost revol-
utionary expansion. Only after a number of deaths and resignations, and the
electoral sweep of 1936 was this enormously expanded claim of Federal power
under the interstate commerce clause upheld by the Supreme Court (NLRB v. Jones
& Laughlin Steel Corp., 301 U.S. 1 (1937)).
We therefore accepted the expansion of the power of Congress to regulate
interstate commerce to the maximum. Even if an individual's act is trivial,
that is irrelevant if it is a type of act, when cumulated with other similar
acts, might reasonably be deemed by the Congress to have substantial national
consequences. (See, e.g., Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111 (1942); Katzenbach
v. McClung, 379 U.S. 294 (1964); Perez v. United States, 402 U.S. 146 (1971)).
There was also created the theory that Congress could enact prohibitions
to "protect" interstate commerce. The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
excluded from interstate commerce goods made in plants with did not meet Fed-
eral standards for wages and hours of employees. (This was upheld in United
States v. Darby, 312 U.S. 100 (1941): "Congress, following its own conception
of public policy concerning the restrictions which may appropriately be imposed
on interstate commerce, is free to exclude from [such] commerce articles whose
use in the states for which they are destined it may conceive to be injurious
to the public health, morals, or welfare..." (312 U.S. at 114).) In the 1960's
Congress used the interstate commerce power to guarantee civil rights in inter-
state travel and accommodations. (e.g. Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc, v. United
States, 379 U.S. 241 (1964)).
It is time to consider, where does interstate commerce end? I'm standing
here in this conference center, a facility of interstate commerce. I'm carry-
ing an airplane ticket to Washington. My pocket is full of credit cards, tools
of interstate commerce. However, I spent the night here, I've had a beautiful
hike, I've had a couple of meals here. Am I actually here in Colorado, or am I
still in the limbo of interstate commerce? If I am still in interstate comm-
erce now, when do I leave interstate commerce? Can I ever leave interstate
commerce? (Notably, Justice Rehnquist suggested that "it would be a mistake to
conclude that Congress' power to regulate pursuant to the Commerce Clause is
unlimited. Some activities may be so private or local in nature that they
simply may not be in commerce. Nor is it sufficient that the person or activ-
ity reached have some nexus with interstate commerce." Hodel v. Virginia Sur-
face Mining & Reclamation Assn., Inc., 452 U.S. 264 (1981) (concurring opinion
at 310). Departing from the post New Deal line of cases he concluded, the
commerce power "does not reach activity which merely 'affects' interstate
commerce. There must be a showing that a regulated activity has a substantial
effect on that commerce." 452 U.S. at 312. (Bold in the original, underlining
added.) So far, no other justices have joined this argument.)
But if I am in interstate commerce, what about those of you who have not
left your home state to come to this conference. Are you in interstate
commerce?
If interstate commerce can constitutionally be claimed to be the basis for
anything that Congress wants to regulate, what part of our lives is not reg-
ulatable by Congress? If Congress can use this power this broadly in the reg-
ulation of our brains, then the Federal government is omnipotent and the notion
of constitutional checks and balances is non-existent.
If our brain is regulatable as interstate commerce, then certainly our
wombs and genitals are too, aren't they, and our blood, our heart, our lips,
our fingers, our eyes, and our ears? Is there any part of us that is not in
interstate commerce?
I believe that at some point the tissues inside our skin must be totally
outside interstate commerce, or else Congress has unlimited power to tell us to
do whatever it wants us to do.
It is this, it seems to me, that is the most dangerous heart of the war on
drugs and which strips the Ninth and Tenth Amendments of their meaning.
Essentially the legal basis for the war on drugs depends upon the assumption of
total power by the Congress and the Federal Government to regulate the most
intimate aspects of our lives, the very dreams that we have. And the propa-
ganda arm of the war on drugs has been successful persuading us to unwittingly
surrender this vital power over ourselves to the Federal government. Indeed
the propaganda of the urgency of the war on drugs has been so successful, many
of our fellow citizens consciously believe we must surrender ourselves for the
good of the state.
Seen in this light, the war on drugs is the corner stone of an as yet
unbuilt edifice of totalitarianism.
Challenging the war on drugs is the most important issue facing civil
liberties and the preservation of the Bill of Rights.
You are lawyers. You know that aside from the questions of due process
and constitutionally required criminal procedure, the criminal justice system
is going down the tubes. The American Bar Association issued a special report,
Criminal Justice in Crisis, which found the criminal justice system is being
overwhelmed with drug cases. (CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN CRISIS, American Bar Assoc-
iation, Section on Criminal Justice, Special Committee on Criminal Justice in a
Free Society, 1988, p.6.) It functions as an assembly line. No longer does
individualized justice takes place. The attorneys -- prosecutors, defense
counsel, and judges -- are mere mechanics that keep the machine of arrest and
imprisonment functioning.
I won't discuss today the many serious costs our society is suffering from
undertaking the prohibition approach to the problem of drugs -- the increased
crime, the spread of disease, the economic price of enriching organized crime
by $100 billion per year. I won't analyze our national drug control strategy
to explain how it cannot succeed in stopping the cultivation and shipment of
drugs into the United States. Someone who might be indifferent to the hits
taken by the Bill of Rights, should be alarmed by the problems caused our
nation by drug prohibition because they effect everyone -- in their pocketbook,
in their personal safety, in the availability of quality health care.
The organized bar, such as the Colorado Bar Association, is one of the
institutions in the society that is sensitive to the Bill of Rights
implications of the war on drugs. Next year will be the bicentennial of the
ratification of the Bill of Rights. Many bar associations are planning programs
to commemorate the Bill of Rights. Now is the time for bar associations to
begin to educate the public about the jeopardy our heritage of liberty faces
from the war on drugs. If the bar fails to do this, who will do it? If no one
does it, then surely the celebration of the bicentennial of the Bill of Rights
on December 15, 1991 will be a hollow exercise.
It should be obvious that all of these comments do not deny that drug
abuse is not a terribly tragic situation. As is alcoholism. As are 300,000
annual deaths from tobacco and cigarette addiction. Those are terrible things
too. But we are not going to solve any of these problems by allowing the war
on drugs to make our Bill of Rights into a shattered remnant of the vital
shield it once was.
End Part III of III

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Forwarded message:
From locklin Wed Apr 7 17:14:58 1993
Date: Wed, 7 Apr 1993 17:14:56 -0400
From: locklin (Lupo the Butcher)
To: locklin
Subject: SmOkIn' ToAdZ
Doing a bit of research in various alt.drugs files, and some textbooks
I discovered that Bufo Alvarus (Sonoran Desert or Colorodo River Toad)
has a venom in its paratoidal gland that contains from 6-16% of 5-MeO DMT.
Having experienced this (or a related) drugs once before, I was exited at
the chance of obtaining a readily available supply of it.
After consulting with the local herpetologist, and checking with several
biological supply houses, I discovered that B. Alvarus is a common enough
toad, but not available this time of the year. The price for a B. Alvarus
is generally around $10 plus $25 (US) for shipping.
Luckily for me, the local pet-shop had three specimins. Since they were
rather exorbitantly priced, I decided to have a go at conning them out of
some venom. I used the story that I was a biochemistry student interested
in certain indole alkaloids present in the venom of Bufo Alvarus. Basically,
I told them the truth. After checking with the management, they gave me the
go ahead.
Extracting the venom was somewhat problematic. _Venomous Animals and their
Venoms_ gives a procedure where the toad is pressed firmly down with one hand
and the paratoidal gland (behind the "ear") is sqeezed firmly with the other.
A piece of glass is suspended above the toad to catch the viscous venom as it
squirts from the toad. I found this method awkward. The best way (after
breif experimentation) I was able to discover was to hold the toad in one hand,
squeeze the gland with the other, and have an assistant hold some glass in the
firing line of the paratoidal gland. This should be repeated once after the
toad is allowed to rest for 20 minutes or so. You must apply a considerable
amount of pressure to release any poison; I was hesitant in this as I was
afraid I would injure the toads (especially with the manager standing next
to me). Because I didn't apply as much pressure as I should have, I only
obtained 80-100 mg of venom from the three toads. According to _Venomous
Animals and their Venoms_ I should have obtained something more like 400mg
per toad.
In any case, after letting the poison dry, I scraped it off the glass,
obtaining a fine crystaline substance. I took 1 gram of Harmala seeds
for my experiment (I weigh 160 lbs) and a freind (who weighs 260) took 1.7
grams of the same substance. We also smoked one MJ cigarrete.
Instead of freebasing the 5-MeO-DMT (as would have been most efficient) we
mixed it with some MJ and smoked it in a pipe. The taste was unusual, but
not intensely unpleasant.
Halfway through smoking the quantity, we stopped. I noticed an odd feeling
and slight buzz from the MJ, the freind noticed nothing. We continued
smoking, and after finishing both noticed some rather extreme effects.
Objects appeared extremely distorted, colors were intensified and facial
quirks were magnified, giving people a clown-like appearance. Perception
of distance was extremely disorted; objects within arms reach seemed
miles away. Height perceptions were also distorted, one minute I seemed
like a giant compared to those around me, the next minute I seemed a dwarf
in comparison. Light sources provoked an unusual reaction; they seemed
surrounded by moving, prismatic colors. Walking was problematic; the
sidewalk reminded me of the famous films of the "galloping gertie" bridge
in washington state. I felt as if I was surfing rather than walking.
Observations of the facial expressions of the passerbys seemed to indicate
that my manner of walking was no different than that of any of the other
pedestrians that night. My freind (who was, for the record, rather out
of shape) claimed to experience racing heart, but I had no such difficulties.
After walking for approximately 15 minutes, the intensity of the experience
subsided, and we felt able to go to the bar as we had intended. We were both
rather strongly intoxicated for the next hour, drinking several beers in
that time. Paranoiac feelings, and some mild visual/auditory hallucinations
persisted for approximately 2 hours after taking the substance.
Conclusion: the venom of B. Alvarus seems to contain the quantities of
5-MeO-DMT that are claimed for it in the various publications. Its use
with harmaline seemed to powerfully increase the already present marijuana
intoxication (unlike LSD, which often has an antagonistic effect with THC),
as well as provoking uniquely powerful visual hallucinations. The steroidal
poisons in the venom _may_ have a toxic cardiac effect when the venom is
smoked, or (more likely IMHO, due to my lack of similar reaction) the
heart-racing may have been due to the effects of the THC intoxication, or
the effects of the 5-MeO-DMT itself. It would probobly be a very bad idea
to ingest this substance orally in conjunction with harmaline as a kind
of animal ayahuasca; the steroidal poisons are doubtless much more harmful
when an orally active dose is taken, due both to the greater quantity that
would be required, and to the lack of steroid pyrolysis in an oral dose.
Further experiments will be undertaken under different, more controlled
circumstances.
-Spiney Norman
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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an8222@anon.penet.fi
Subject: Smokin Toadz
Message-ID: <1993Jun18.013036.21314@fuug.fi>
Date: Wed, 16 Jun 1993 01:59:04 GMT
>Ok, I got a couple of questions and and help or knowledge would be greatly
>appreciated. First of all, what is the percent composition of 5-MeO-DMT in
>the skins of dried Bufo Americanus skins?
Absolutely none; you want Bufo Alvarus -not americanus.
According to "Venomous Animals and Their Venoms" (highly recommended), the
venom (from B Alvarus) contains 6-16% 5MeO-DMT- the rest is mostly mucus.
As for the whole skin; why kill the toad when you can milk it for its venom?
I recall the skin percentage to be something like 0.3-0.1% by weight (since
this probably includes the venom glands, it really isn't much).
Americanus skin has mostly bufotenin which has never been shown to be
psychedelic below toxic doses. It also contains some adrenal poisons.
Bad idea. Leave them poor little froggies alone!
>How much would one have to smoke to
>get the "effects"?
An active dose is 2-5 milligrams. You do the math.
>Must it be freebased (i.e. smoked in a "crack pipe"), or
>can it be mixed in with a little MJ and smoked through a pipe?
Either way will work, but freebasing is much more efficient. More will be
pyrolized if you mix the stuff with a burning substance.
>Has anyone had
>any experience with the skins sold from JLF?
What the heck would you do with those? Those are not Bufo Alvarus, and hence
contain NO 5-MeO-DMT. All they have are bufotenin and steroidal poisons
related to adreneline. Yukky stuff; the Bufo Marinus skin is potentially
lethal (this is the stuff that young punks in Callifornica are licking &
getting sick from. According to a herpetologist I know, B. Marinus is a
controlled substance in Callie.)
You want some Bufo Alvarus; Sonoran desert toad; Colorado River Toad.
They sell them in the petstore near my house & there are plenty of other
places you ken get them, but I am not going to tell you where.
Why not?
Because, if you are not smart enough to find 'em yourself, you should
not even attempt this. Besides; I tell you, you tell someone else, eventually
the gestapo find out and everyone else is PHUCKED for posession of a controlled
amphibian.
Information brought to you by
-Technoshaman
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I have a bit of trouble in Germany to keep my drivers
licence.This is because of a story, happend 2!! years
ago. The police suspected me that I `m dealing with drugs
(bullshit), the special forces stopped my car, they couldn `t
find anything, I was doing a piss test (they found THC )
NOW ( 2 years later ) they asked for a second test ( I had the
driving licence the whole time, nothing happened), and now I was
panicing, because I did not had a clue, how long it is staying
in the blood.
Thanks to your information, I feel much more secure now !!!!!
Making a piss test, if police have the idea you are stoned,
slowly getting a sort of fashion in here, as well as regular
checks afterwards, if the connect you somehow to drugs (that you
can keep your licence)

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an11488@anon.penet.fi (more Hair than There)
Subject: Cannabutter
Message-ID: <1993May2.025923.7908@fuug.fi>
Date: Sun, 2 May 1993 02:49:40 GMT
The first step in cooking magical cannabis-laced foods is extracting
the cannabinoids (THC, CBD, and many many more) from the plant matter,
usually in a oil/fat/butter-based solution, since the cannabinoids do
not readily dissolve in water. My best FOAF has a method for doing
this that he has not seen mention of in this forum. He got it from a
little book called _The Art and Science of Cooking with Cannabis_, by
Adam Gottlieb, orignally published in 1974. Gottlieb calls the product
of the extraction `CANNABUTTER'.
The procedure is actually very simple. He brings a pot of water to a
rolling boil, then puts a small amount of butter in the water.
Quickly, the butter melts, and mixes in with the water because the
whole mixture is at a rolling boil.
Then he puts the grass in and boils it. (Of course, he separates all
the seeds first so he can plant them in the nearby park.) Now all the
grass is riling around with the water and butter, and get this: The
cannabinoids dissolve into the butter, while most of the nasty flavors
and gook dissolve into the water. He stirs the stuff regularly. After
cooking the grass like this for a while (say, half an hour), his
kitchen really smells incriminating. He strains out the spent plant
matter, squeezes all the juice out of it, and puts the liquid in the
fridge.
A few hours later, the mixture is cool enough that the cannabutter has
solidified on the surface. It looks kind of scummy, but its just
enchanted butter. He scoops it out and retains it in a bowl or a jar.
The grass-nasty water is thrown out.
The cannabutter can be used just like butter, in brownies, on garlic
bread, or mixed with honey on your finger!
Although this method takes longer than the usual saute-n-strain
method, it has several advantages:
* As explained above, the nasty shit is separated and removed from the
fun shit.
* You can make stronger cannabutter than by saute-ing, because you can
cook more grass in the same amount of butter, due to the extra
volume of the water.
* There is no danger of burning the precious, price-inflated, hard and
dangerous to obtain herb, as there is when you saute, because the
water keeps the whole mixture at boiling temperature!
If I have given any incorrect information, please let me know, so I
can learn. (On Usenet, though, no email please.)
--- more Hair than There
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oh, I don't think that heating for 1 hour will break down the THC: brownies
and breads are usually baked longer, and they seem just fine ;-)
I suppose that one does want to avoid _extreme_ heat, though... like
open flame ;-) Anyway, I made my butter in a double-boiler, which is sort
of a saucepan full of water, with another saucepan that mates on top of it,
so that the bottom of one covers the top of the other (I went out and bought
a very nice Revereware double-boiler recently, but I digress). So, in the
bottom boiler, you put water, enough, say, that you have only an inch or two
between the water and the bottom of the second boiler. In the second boiler,
put 1 quart of water, 1/4 oz, and a stick of butter. Simmer the stuff over
low heat for a few hours, at least: I waited till it turned brownish.
(the double boiler keeps direct heat away from the stuff, so it's used to cook
heat-sensitive foods such as eggs and butter, without burning them).
Now, once you're satisfied with your mixture of butter, THC, water, and
vegetation, prepare a bowl and something like a funnel lined with cheese-cloth,
or a cheese-cloth bag. You can buy cheese-cloth at the grocery store: it will
catch the vegetable matter, keeping it out of the bowl, inot which you pour
the butter/water mixture. Squeeze as much liquid as possible out of the cheese-
cloth. If you really want to, you could keep the now-hopefully-impotent bud,
but I've always just pitched it.
So. Allow your butter/water to settle and cool (I refrigerate it).
The butter will rise to the top, and can be lifted out, but I usually am not
satisfied with all the particles of butter that remain, so I run the water
through a piece of cheesecloth and try to catch some of it. Anyway, that
green gunk is butter, and you can spread it on your toast, make a sandwich
with it, or cook with it. About two "pats" of butter stone me pretty well,
but your milage may vary. I usually try to disguise the taste with something
like a pepperoni and garlic pesto cheese on rye sandwich, but you tastes
_probably_ vary ;-)

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From: hempster@crl.com (Alan Silverman)
Newsgroups: alt.hemp
Subject: CA Hemp Expo (long)
Date: 7 Jun 1994 13:03:38 -0700
Message-ID: <2t2jqq$4an@crl3.crl.com>
The California Hemp Expo was a tremendous success.
The Expo was combined with a High Times 25th(?) Aniversary party.
I didn't see a whole of exposure about High Times Magazine
in general, but I guess they were a major sponsor of the event.
We arrived at 9:30 am and got a great spot by the fountain,
under the grossly trimmed trees that looked abnormally stunted,
yet provided much shade and nice lookouts for those who climbed
them for better views of the stage and expo. The official start
time was noon. It lasted for six hours, at which time the last
of the crowd made thier way through the vendors to find those
last few items they wanted to purchase, but not carry around all day.
Located in Golden Gate Park, around the fountains between
the band shell, the California Academy of Sciences, and
the Japanese Tea Garden, was the site of one great big party.
My guess is that tens of thousands of people came by. Many knew
of the event ahead of time, but many just happened on it by chance.
The location is always busy with people anyway and the huge crowds,
music, and booths just brought more and more people.
The weather was terrific. It started out cool in the morning,
turned into a nice warm and somewhat windy afternoon, and by the
end of the event, that famous San Francisco fog started to roll in.
That was about the time I think a lot of hemp coats and tops
were sold by many of the vendors. Lots of people were wearing
lots of really nice things made from hemp. I missed JJ, our
favorite hemp importer. She could not make it to the show.
A major client of hers made her a vested pantsuit out of the
fine 10oz summercloth we use, that would have been a showstopper.
The suit is in the high end of retail, costs almost a thousand dollars,
and is sold through an exclusive designer and shop in LA and NY.
I dont know the name of the business, but they must be successful.
They keep coming back for more hemp. They sell only top line styles
made from this fine linen-like hemp fabric. Ohhh soooo nice.
Attendees were mostly the pot crowd, Deadheads, and alternative
lifestyle folks, but many people from different walks of life
came out of interest. The Chinese tourists, the older folks out
for a walk in the park, the undercover DEA agents (I guess?),
and general public came with open minds and great smiles.
Everyone appeared to have a wonderful time. I saw no fights,
practically no open drug use or drug dealing, no busts, the police stayed
out of the crowds, and the cans and bottles got recycled almost
as fast as they could be emptied.
The schedule of events included Asphalt Poetry, The Marginal Prophets,
Fungo Mungo, Total Devastation, El Magnifico, DJ Markie Mark, and
of course, Fishbone who's frontman was dressed to kill in his totally hemp
zoot suit!! Wow!!! The sounds were cool. I would have prefered more
of the psychadelic sounds that San Francisco has been known for.
Lots of work went into the stage and sound board and a big hats off to the
crew and volunteers who made this all possible. This was no little
event! A lot of effort went into this and it was most appreciated.
Speakers included Ngaio Beafun - cannabis comic/event MC; Cannabis
Action Network and High Times Magazine; Business Alliance on
Commerce in Hemp; Families Against Mandatory Minimums; The Libertarian
Party and Forfeiture Endangers American Rights. This writer was
too busy at the vending booth to listen to most of the discussion,
but the crowds were definitely into hearing what needed to be said.
I have a quote from Jack Herer, hempster extraodinaire:
"Get off your ass, change the laws.
The laws wont change untill you get actively in every
politician's face over and over and over and over again
until they fall!"
I guess Jack was a little upset that the initiative did not do as well
as he had hoped. There is not a loss yet though. Check this out.
Chris Conrad, of BACH (Business Alliance on Commerce in Hemp) told
me about a lawsuit that is in the works against the State of California.
The lawsuit, which is on appeal, is based on technicalities regarding
the procedural problems encountered by Jack and the other writers
of the California Hemp Initiative. It seems the word hemp was
replaced with the word marijuana, which not only caused undo
hardships due to wording and raised prejudices, but also caused
major delays in getting the initiative out to the public in time
for this deadline. The suit asks that this issue be added to the
ballot ANYWAY because it was unfairly compromised by the State.
The lawsuit also is based on harrassment which has unfairly
compromised this legitimate and legal attempt to change the laws.
We've all heard stories about real criminals getting cleared of
charges on technicalities. Lets see how this works with the ballot.
Also regarding Chris and BACH, he is doing a tour across the USA
between August and October. He needs information about events
where he can speak and spread the word. Please contact Chris
Conrad with any information you have.
Voice mail: (213)969-1607
Fax: (415)898-9563
Email: HELP HIM! He needs to find a good access email account.
He travels a lot and is wondering if AOL would be a good choice.
He needs a service where he can locally dial into the network
and access his email as well as other Internet type services.
Chris would also like to hear from the European hempsters as well.
He is planning on another Europe tour. Chris has done a lot of work
with the Hash Marihuana Museum in Amsterdam, which is open every day.
Jack and Chris practically launched the marijuana legalization
movement through their book, "The Emporer Wears No Clothes".
There were quite a few vendors there, for sure. I couldn't guess,
except to say, maybe a hundred. Quite a few stragglers were there
who just showed up with a few crafty type items for sale. The biggest
loser was the food concessions. Bummer. More people were asking about
food than almost anything. One enterprising young man set up a grill
and made nasty looking grilled cheese sandwiches for a buck. He had
a huge line of people who were ready to eat almost anything.
My guess, is he made the most money of the day. Some people
just have no class. These things were burnt, dirty, and gross.
On the food line, one guy had ground up hemp seeds mixed with
organic brown rice syrup. Pretty gnarley, I'ld have to say, but
he was giving away free samples. I think hemp seeds are very
nutritious and have a neat nutty flavor, but they need to be
one of the minor ingredients if you expect public support.
Brownies, granola bars, cookies, and such would be great with
a little ground up hempseed in them. Our collective is seriously
considering some tasty and nutritious snack bars. We have access
to a kitchen, can get the permits, and have more talent between our
members than you can shake a bud at. We're ready and we do trades!!
Food Not Bombs was on the scene with bagels and breads.
I love those folks! As usual, they sold nothing, but accepted
donations to help the cause of publicly feeding the hungry.
Mayor Jordan of SanFrancisco has publicly been at war with the
homeless and the hungry for quite some time. He claims it is in
the name of the war on crime, but his targets and actions show
that his agenda is bit deeper than that. He seems to attack
those who are trying to help. It's like President Clinton and
the U.N. trying to shutdown trade to North Korea and claiming
it is not an act of war. Hell, what was the Gulf War all about?
It was an act of war to support free trade of the American Oil
Companies, was it not? Editorial off, followup by email please.
Now, regarding the vending booths, this gets long and will include
a bit of info about everyone I met and talked with.
Joanne and I (Got It Covered, members of the Redwood Hemp Collective)
arrived on the scene at about 9 am, so we got a nice spot under
a tree near the fountain. The folks from the Cannabis Center and
Hemp Emporium on Haight Street were very instrumental in getting things
set up for everyone. Cheers to them! What a nice setting it was for the
Redwood Hemp Collective. We had an 8 foot table with just about every
product of the cannabis hemp plant available in one form or another.
We had our problems of course, the Cannabis Clothes van broke down
in Novato, so they were quite late getting to the expo and were very
tired and upset by they time they finally arrived, but Candi, in
her infinitely kind and awesome personality, had a wonderful day
showing, talking, selling, and taking orders for her fine custom
clothing. Alan of Hemp Book and Candle had a relapse of a bad cold,
so I handled his lip balms, soaps, candles, creams, paper, etc.
We did a fair amount of sales. It was quite obvious that the
majority of people were looking for those $3 items that were easy
to purchase and carry away as fun memories from the day.
We almost sold out of our tiedyed beanbag frogs at $12 each.
They got hugged and tossed all day. I must have heard, a hundred
times, "Awww gee... I had one of these when I was a kid....
awe.....how cute......" and never once tired of it or lost a smile.
I did lose my smile once though. Our neighbor had a gong that he
was banging on so much we not only could not hear the band, but
I couldn't hear a voice from two feet in front of me, across the table.
I let out a hardy "HEY!" in his direction. He mellowed out.
I know why they dont let instruments into Dead shows much more.
Among the other vendors, was California NORML, with an info booth.
Ganja Gear was pretty cool. This is a husband and wife team
who make fanny packs and bags from hemp. They highlight the
gear with Mudcloth, from the Dogon Tribe of Mali, Africa.
Verrry nice people. They will be at the Health and Harmony
Festival next weekend in Santa Rosa, California. I told them
to call me when they get to town. I live a few blocks from
the Fairgrounds, so we can help them with local logistics.
They said "Gangah Gear is the name. We make hempwear clothes
and bags. We're only working with organic clothes. We're just
getting started but we feel really good about our product."
Nice folks, indeed. This is one of the major things I like
about the hemp industry in general, the awesome people involved.
The Hayward Hempery, a retail outlet in Hayward California had
a booth with lots of books. They can be reached by phone by
calling (510)JET-WEED. Store hours are Tues -> Sat, 11-7.
The Fourth of July will be the store's 1 yr. anniversary.
FATEEZ was selling mostly pot related Tshirts. You can contact
them at 150 Linden St., Jack London Square, Oakland, CA 94607.
Phone and fax is (510)832-3800. They gave me a cool matchbook.
It is black, and on the front, is the white outline of a skunk
sitting on it's honches, smoking a fatty! Nice design indeed!
The Hempstead Company, one of the oldest hemp manufacturers
was on hand. Their new business cards are printed on cards
made from 100% recycled hemp fabric. Verrry nice and original.
They are associated with The Ohio Hempery in one form or another.
Products are available through many catalogs, including Real Goods
and The Ohio Hempery. They produce promotional items as well.
Patrick and Chip were on hand to greet and meet the many attendees.
They can be reached at 2060 Placentia B-2, Costa Mesa, CA 92627.
The phone is (714)650-8327, 800-284-HEMP, fax (714)650-5853.
Kat was doing hair wraps, anklets, bracelets, and beads.
She generally hangs out in Venice, but also likes to play with
the HHH hair wrappers on Telegraph Ave in Berkeley.
Derek Jones and Sally Hanson, Mind Boggling Beads and Other Arts
With Heart were on hand with some of the most incredible Fimo
beads I've ever imagined. The quarter sized pendant with the
waterfall scene is the most popular seller. The hemp bead is
nice one. We may order a qty of them to make some simple easy
things with hemp twine. These are some truely awesome artists.
They have an evolving inventory and dont carry a true catalog,
but can reached at N. 12 Garry, Liberty lake, WA (509)255-6105.
I would say it is probably safe to order beads from them sight
unseen. The panther was great! They are superb!!
Hemp Style, The 90's Store for Clothing & More had some nice things.
They are located at 1499 Wagstaff Rd, Suite C, Paradise, CA 95969.
The phone is (916)877-HEMP or 800-939-HEMP.
LightSpeed Press is one of interest to you campus rats. They have
educational novelties, hemp info, do graphics production. They have
many nice Tshirts as well. It's worth getting a catalog. Some of
the Tshirt designs are very artistic and creative and priced right.
Kelly is trying to find ways to communicate with more campuses.
I suggested the Internet, of course. She has started a group
called "United Campus Coalition". She's been around since the
"Stop The Drug War Tour" and believe we should harvest hemp, not trees.
She will be touring the MidWest and the East, so if anyone can help
her with event information, touring logistics, whatever, please help.
She's very nice and would be fun for you to meet up with.
Write to Kelly Green at Lightspeed Press, 3145 Geary Blvd, Suite 469,
San Francisco, CA 94118 or call (415)985-5232.
On the more spiritual side is Sweetlight Books. They publish books
for people who love the Earth. A catalog is available by mail.
An interesting magazine is Holy Smoke, for people who love marijuana.
It is for people who use marijuana as a sacrament and medicine.
Holy Smoke subscriptions are $12 a year and a single copy is $3.
Contact them at Sweetlight Books, 16625 Heitman Rd, Cottonwood, CA 96022
or phone them at (916) 529-5392.
Hemp Connection has many nice articles of clothing. Marie Mills was
a seamstress from way back, but got out of the business. When she
found the hemp cloth, she found a renewed energy to pull her machines
out of storage and build it back up again. She has some nice styles
and colors. She does mailorder and has a catalog or her fiber products.
Write to her at P.O.Box 33, Whitethorn, CA 95589 or call her
at (707)986-7322.
Bruce Rose, Jeweler, is the one to contact for fine jewelry,
goldsmithing, silversmithing, setting, ring sizing, repair, ear piercing,
design, and gemology. He had some nice pendants. His shop is in
San Leandro, CA. Call him at (510)633-7939.
Cannabest sent Ellen Kemp. What a pleasant and friendly person she is.
They are in print now of a four color catalog of hemp products. They
rep a lot of stuff and will have some nice offerings. Write to them
at 1536 Monterey Street, San Luis Obispo, Ca. 93401, or phone them
at (805)543-4213 or 800-227-0510. I'm looking forward to seeing this
catalog. It's going to be chock full of cannabis products, stories,
and information.
Dont let me forget Two Star Dog! This is Steve and Alan, brothers
importing cannabis products from the orient. They have a full line
of hemp and hemp/cotton blend clothes including farmer overalls,
jeans, jackets, shirts, and lots more. I dont have contact information
on them, but if anyone writes to me I can dig it up through Mari Kane
of Hempworld. They are also creating some American made products.
I bought a bicycle hat from them. You know how hard it is to find
a decent bike hat that doesn't say Campagnolo all over it? This one
had the TWO * DOG logo on the front. That was acceptable to me.
The hat was $10 at the show. I couldn't resist.
Mari Kane of HEMPWORLD was on hand with her latest publication
which comes out every other month. The latest edition is the
fashion issue. We missed out on this one, but several other
members of the Redwood Hemp Collective have been featured here.
Mari Kane was working on an article for Entrepeneur Magazine
last year when she discovered how big this industry really is.
She discovered, while writing this article on the Hemp Industry,
that the industry does not have a newsletter to keep us all informed.
This was her calling. She has put together a newsletter that will
be the missing link between those of us who take industrial hemp
seriously. The newsletter is published 6 times a year. She has
published four issues since starting last December and hopes
to publish monthly. She asks for news, stories, press releases,
subscriptions, ideas, etc sent to her care of
HEMPWORLD
P.O.Box 315
Sebastopol, CA 95473
(707) 887-7508 phone
(707) 887-7639 fax
email: needs one!
Subscriptions are $30 per year.
Classifieds run at $1 per word. Display ads are $25 for a credit
card sized at up to $125 for a full page. Inserts available even
if you want to share one with others.
Mari defines hempster:
Hemp-(hemp)n.
A tall Asiatic herb cultivated for it's tough fiber and as the
sopurce of Bhang and hashish. - Webster
-ster (ster). A suffix denoting origin of one who does something
with skill or as an occupation. - Webster
Thus:
Hempster - (hempster)n. One who uses the fiber of hemp in his
or her occupation.
Hempsters are numbering in the hundreds and may reach the thousands
by the end of the year. HEMPWORLD will be the official newsletter
of Hempsters and the Hemp industry and will hopefully reach as far
and wide as the hemp industry can grow.
To those two guys from Berkeley who identified themselves as
not students, but intelectuals, and wore down Mari's ears with
talk about the specifics of the hemp industy, I would like to
repeat her invitation to you and to the readers on the net:
"Write an article! I'll publish it." Keep the story relatively
short and concise and make sure you provide factual information.
It's important that you know what you are talking about and that
you write your story in a professional manner.
Thank you for bearing with me through all this. The expo and
entertainment was wonderful and I'm hoping we can all get together
and do it again. I think we should have this event again in the
fall and twice again next year. I hope it was a financial success
for CAN and all the others involved in this wonderful event.
The many volunteers who made this event possible are too many to
list and unfortunately, unknown by name to me, so I'll just say
thank you very much. The party after the hemp expo was for you.
The party was at Trocadero Transfer, 520 Fourth St. @ Bryant
in San Francisco. It started at 8pm and went till whenever.
The party featured Separate Ways, Wicked Mary, New Kingdom,
Wolfpack, DJs Markie Mark, Tony, and Bam Bam. Tickets were
handed out at the end of the expo. Tickets were marked as
Admint One Only, No Invitation..No Admittance, Strictly Enforced.
It was printed on a rainbow colored card to eliminate duplication.
That may be why they were handed out at the last minute too.
We did not go to the party. It was late, we were dirty, we had
lots of merchandise and cash on us, and didn't feel safe in
that part of the city, so we went on home, stopping at Taco Bell
for a quick pickup, before home, unpacking, eats, showers and bed.
What a day! I'll remember it forever. The Hemp Expo I went to in
San Francisco at the Hall of Flowers in Golden Gate Park was not
nearly as big as this, but still hangs kindly in my mind. It was
a launching pad for my involvement in the hemp industry. I'm wondering
how many others got launched today. I'm sure we'll all be reading
about them in future editions of HEMPWORLD!
Regards,
-alan
--
Got It Covered Member of the Redwood Hemp Collective.
P.O. Box 14627 Visit our booth at:
Santa Rosa, CA 95472 Santa Rosa Health and Harmony Festival
hempster@crl.com June 11,12 Sonoma County Fairgrounds off Hwy 12

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: rcain@netcom.com (Robert Cain)
Subject: On Cacti (anon)
Message-ID: <sblmz4q.rcain@netcom.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 92 04:19:53 GMT
Fantastic anonymous posting:
********************THE CACTUS GROWER'S FILE***************************
The following information is in addition to the information contained
in the alt.drugs Natural Highs FAQ.
Contents:
1. "TYPES" OF MESCALINE
2. EFFECTS
3. CACTUS SPECIES
4. GROWING FROM SEED
5. CULTIVATION
6. PREPARATION AND INGESTION
7. FINAL COMMENTS: A RECREATIONAL DRUG?
"TYPES" OF MESCALINE: Mescaline may be (rarely) obtained in pure form.
Many of the descriptions in the literature, and virtually all scientific
studies, are conducted on this form. Mescaline in the wild, however,
is always accompanied by a host of other alkaloidal compounds.
Most of these, when administered to man in pure form, produce either
no effects, or only nausea and dizziness. However, Andrew Weil
in "The Natural Mind" has this to say: "...this observation does not
mean that these other constituents are inactive in the whole plant.
Their action is to modify the action of the dominant constituent:
to play down some of its effects, to enhance others, much as
harmonic overtones modify the sound of a pure tone to produce
the distinctive timbre of a musical instrument." Thus it may
well be that each of the sources of mescaline should really be
considered separate drugs in their own right. (See the section
on cactus species below for descriptions of the following cacti.)
Peyote contains the largest number of other alkaloids, several of
which do cause unpleasant reactions when administered in isolation.
Some of these are in the nature of a stimulant, and some are more
sedative in action. San Pedro contains a much smaller spectrum
of active alkaloids... the most active of which seems to act
mainly as a sedative in man (drowsiness and slowed heartbeat).
The natural highs faq reports than T. peruvianus may contain
only tyramine, which would mean it represents the "purest"
source of just mescaline. Moreover, the method of preparation
of the cactus (boiling or not) may change the alkaloidal
composition by selectively degrading specific alkaloids. In
my own experience, *extensive* boiling of San Pedro produces
a trip that is mellower, more sedative, and with fewer visuals,
as well as reducing the potency in general (see the section on
preparation).
EFFECTS: From my limited experience with San Pedro cactus, I can
definitely state that the San Pedro high is very different from LSD
or psilocybin. The emotional impact is closer to MDA. I personally
find San Pedro to be less visual than either LSD or psilocybin,
although others have described pure mescaline as being more visual
than either. There is something of an amphetamine like central
stimulation, coupled with a general physical sense of sedation and
fatigue. For me, the effects are generally characterized by a contrast
of opposites: a simultaneous feeling of stimulation and sedation, of
physical restlessness and fatigue, of increased emotional sensitivity
and emotional inhibition. The effects last longer than for either
LSD or psilocybin, and take longer to take effect. In my experience,
the first significant effects do not occur for over an hour after
ingestion, and the effect gradually intensifies up to the three hour
point or beyond. The plateau is broad and long lasting, and it is
difficult to pinpoint when the effects begin to wear off. It can be
difficult to sleep even 12 hours after ingestion. The effects of San
Pedro can generally be described by "mild" and "mellow", and this is
somewhat dose independent. Although the visual and mental effects do
increase gradually with higher doses, the underlying physical symptoms
seem to increase at a higher rate, so that very high doses may cause a
"toxic reaction" type of trip (by which I mean that the subject
remains focused on uncomfortable physical sensations -- the sense
of having been "poisoned"). All of this description may be specific
to San Pedro cactus, as discussed above.
PREPARATION AND INGESTION: Regardless of the type of the mescaline,
several sources advise that the ingestion be spaced out over a
thirty minute period. This reduces the potential impact of
nausea. Note: nausea is an intrinsic characteristic of pure
mescaline itself, and so cannot be avoided entirely. In my
experience with San Pedro, nausea is strongest between about two
hours and four hours after ingestion, and largely goes away by five
hours after ingestion. Mescaline containing cactus have an
intensely disagreeable bitter flavor. Some people react more
strongly to this flavor than others. For this reason, many
people may be tempted to "slam it down" as quickly as possible...
but this can lead to more severe nausea. On the other hand,
spacing the ingestion out over a period much longer than 30 minutes
can cause more nausea as the intensely disagreeable flavor is made
even worse by the beginning mental and physical effects of the
mescaline ingested at first. (This is from the personal
experience of a friend who spread it over an hour and a half.)
I will now describe my own procedure for preparing San Pedro
cactus. I have heard of many methods, ranging from chemical
alkaloidal extraction to just eating it raw, like corn on the cob.
A brief description of the cactus physically: a normal column
of San Pedro is around 3" in diameter, and can be of any length.
The potency can vary widely, depending on growth conditions (see
the section on cultivation), so calibration of the potency by first
trying what is expected to be a small dose is an absolute necessity.
Suggested lengths for one dose range from 3" to over a foot. The
cactus has a tubular core of woody fibers arranged in a ring. Most
of the mescaline is supposed to occur outside of this ring, near the
skin. The skin itself is somewhat like a tough, waxy paper which
tears easily. The flesh is very bitter, with the consistency
of an apple. It is mostly water and can be liquified easily. It is
possible to remove the spines with a knife and carefully peel away all
of the skin, taking care not to peel away any of the flesh directly
under the skin (the most potent part). I find this to be much too
tedious. My method, in short, is to blend the entire cactus, (spine,
skin, and all) and prepare a liquid extract. This extract can
be frozen for later use, although it may be illegal in this form.
(San Pedro is legal to possess, but illegal to consume, in the USA).
The liquid extract can be chilled to ice-cold temperatures before
ingestion, and prepared with lemon juice, both of which make it more
palatable.
To do this extraction, you need a food processor (ideally) or a blender,
and a strong course mesh filter of some type. Coffee filters are too
fine, and most metal kitchen strainers are too coarse. I use a nylon mesh
bag designed for sprouting seeds and grains -- I find this ideal. You
could probably use some kind of cloth filter (perhaps even an old
shirt would suffice). First, wash the surface of the cactus thoroughly.
Then slice it into half inch thick disks (actually stars). Optionally,
excise the small circular core from each disk. Slice the disks radially,
like a pie, into small wedges. It is *not* necessary to de-spine or
remove the skin of the cactus to do this. These small pieces may now be
liquified in a food processor or blender. You will almost certainly
have to do this in several small batches. For the first batch, you may
need to add a small amount of water to aid in the liquefaction, but
after this just add some of the previously blended liquid. Strain the
resultant broth, again in small batches, and set aside the liquid. Combine
all the solid mass that has been filtered out and set aside. For each foot
of cactus, put 1 cup of water (distilled is probably best) in a large pot,
preferably not aluminum. For each foot of cactus add the juice of two
lemons. Optionally, add one gram per foot of acidic vitamin C (ascorbic
acid) in powdered or granular form (easily obtainable in health food
stores). Heat this mixture to boiling. Now, reblend the the solid mass in
small parts with this boiling liquid. Blend each part for at least two
minutes. This step will convert any remaining mescaline to salt form,
improving its solubility, and bring the last of it into solution. Filter and
combine this with the first liquid, and mix well. If not used immediately,
this mixture should be frozen to avoid decomposition. This method
will result in two to three cups of liquid per foot of cactus.
I strongly advise against boiling this liquid down in an attempt to reduce
the volume, since it is my experience that this will adversely affect
the potency, and may increase the relative concentration of the non-
mescaline alkaloids. I also strongly advise calibrating your brew
for potency. A dose may range from one cup to over three cups.
Despite the lemon juice, it will be intensely bitter, so chilling it to
near freezing before drinking is probably a good idea. A number of
techniques can help with the taste. I suggest chasing each gulp
with unsweetened grapefruit juice. Alternatively, Adam Gottleib,
in "Peyote and Other Psychoactive Cacti" has this to say: "The Indians...
believe that if one's heart is pure, the bitterness will not be tasted.
Many have found that by not cringing from the taste, but rather letting
one's sesnses plunge directly into the center of the bitterness, a
sort of separation from the offensive flavor is experienced. One is
aware of the bitterness, but it no longer disturbs him...It is not a
difficult trick, but it takes some mental discipline."
CACTUS SPECIES: Peyote, the traditional source of mescaline,
is a very slow growing cactus which I think is actually illegal to
cultivate or possess in the USA (except for members of the Native
American Indian Church, in certain states). It is native to central
Mexico and southwest Texas, but is so rare as to be an endangered species.
I have no experience with peyote, and the bulk of this file is really
concerned with Trichocereus cacti.
Trichocereus pachanoi, or *San Pedro*, is a very common landscaping
cactus (not indigenous to the USA though) and is neither illegal
to possess, nor even particularly incriminating since it
is so widespread. It is also one of the fastest growing
of all columnar cacti. It grows fastest in a very sunny climate
with long summers (or under high intensity growth lights year round)
but will grow fairly well in more temperate ares as well. In
areas of the Southwest where cactus nurseries are to be found, it
can often be purchased as a specimen of three feet or more in
height. (One place I know of sells it for $6.50 per linear foot,
and has several hundred feet of specimens in stock). T. pachanoi
is quite easy to identify once you have seen it in person, but verbal
descriptions are probably not adequate to distinguish it from other
Trichocereus species (such things as the "roundedness" or "fullness"
of the ridges, the appearance of the growth cap at the top of the column,
and the exact shades of green are difficult to describe verbally).
Trichocereus peruvianus is a close relative of T. pachanoi with a higher
concentration of mescaline. It is very rarely found in the USA (not
indigenous and not used for landscaping) and for that reason is potentially
more incriminating than T. pachanoi. It will most likely have
to be grown from seed (see section below). It is very similar to
T. pachanoi in terms of growth rate and robustness. I have personally
never tried T. peruvianus, and it is not clear to me how much more
potent than T. pachanoi it may be. The only studies I am aware
of report that T. pachanoi contains up to 0.1 % mescaline content
*wet weight*, whereas T. peruvianus is reported at 0.8% *dry weight*.
Peyote is reported at around 1.0 % dry weight, so from this we
can infer that T. peruvianus is about as strong as peyote, but
it is difficult to compare to T. pachanoi. Most sources seem
to believe that T. pachanoi is generally less potent than peyote,
but I think this may depend on the method of cultivation of the
T. pachanoi. The mescaline content of T. pachonoi can vary widely
depending on growth conditions. In particular, the conditions
favoring most rapid growth (frequent waterings) do not produce the
highest mescaline content. See the section on cultivation for more
information.
There are several other species of Trichocereus with mescaline
content comparable to T. pachanoi. Several of them could easily be
mistaken for T. peruvianus, but are less potent and have different
alkaloidal contents. See the natural highs faq for more information.
GROWING FROM SEED: The main reason for doing this is probably to
obtain T. peruvianus, since T. pachanoi is a common landscaping
cactus and easily obtainable as large specimens. See the section
on species above. You should keep in mind that it will take at
least a year to get a plant large enough for one dose, and
unless you are using year round high intensity growth lights (such
as used for pot cultivation) coupled with an ideal watering and
fertilizing schedule, you can expect to wait two years. Growing
>From seed requires patience, knowledge, and experience. There are
many techniques... if you are going to invest the time required for
this, you should read up on several of them. Egdar and Brian Lamb's
"Pocket Encyclopedia of Cacti In Color" contains a very extensive
discussion of cactus growing in general, and growing from seed in
particular. I do have one immediate suggestion for those of you
growing from seed now: be very careful with the use of fungicides
and other chemicals! In particular, I suspect Daconil, the ingredient
in Ortho multi-purpose fungicide, of inhibiting seedling growth, even
when used in high dilution. A fungicide which I have seen
recommended for use with cactus seeds is *Chinosol*.
CULTIVATION:
This section is directed at Trichocereus pachanoi (San Pedro) and
Trichocereus peruvianus. The growth paramaters for these catus
are the same. They are different than most columnar cacti in that
they grow very rapidly, and enjoy a somewhat richer soil mix and
more frequent waterings than most cacti. They are quite hardy,
and will grow successfully in a wide range of conditions (I
have seen very large, vigorous specimens growing unattended in
the back of grass covered lawns, planted directly in the lawn
soil, watered by the lawn's automatic sprinkler system). However,
to achieve maximum growth rates their native environment should
be imitated as closely as possible. The native habitat of these
cacti is the western slopes of the Peruvian Andes, where the soil
is very rich with humus and minerals, rainfall is not too scarce, and
exposure to the sun and wind are at a maximum. I will describe ideal
growth conditions (compiled from personal experience, books, and from
the advice of someone who grows several dozen of them). However, I
should begin by stating that these conditions also produce cacti with
low mescaline content. The alkaloids in these cacti apparently are a
defense mechanism against invading organisms, and increase during stressful
conditions... particularly when the cacti are underwatered. This
is a very gradual response... the mescaline content can take one or more
growing seasons to increase after water starvation has commenced. Thus
one strategy for raising these cactus is to purchase them at the desired
size, and to "starve them out" for a full growing season before harvesting.
If this is the strategy, the following "ideal growth conditions" should
*NOT* be observed since they will contribute to decreases in potency!
For ideal growth, I have found the following variables to be important:
Lighting: One of the most important variables. Growth of these cacti
occurs mainly during the brightest months of summer. In locations
where intense, bright sunny days occur for only a few months, they
will not grow rapidly. Growth can be greatly stimulated with high
intensity plant growth lights such as used for marijuana cultivation,
but year round operation of these 1000 watt bulbs can be very expensive.
Also, as the cactus can be quite tall, care must be taken not to burn
the tops of the plants. Ideally, angled lighting from both sides should
be observed to allow full illumination along the entire column. When
underwatering to increase potency, the cacti should be placed in a
less exposed location, with partial shade. If the lighting is too
bright for maximum potency increase (but not for maximum growth) the
cacti will turn a lighter shade of green. This response occurs after
only a few weeks, so adjust the lighting to achieve a darker shade
of green.
Soil: The cacti should be planted in very porous soil. A typical cactus
potting soil mix is OK, but can be improved by addition of extra pumice.
The more porous the soil mix, the more frequently the cacti will have to
be watered, and the less danger there will be of root rot and other
problems of over-watering. However, the soil mix should also be fairly
rich. I take 3 parts high pumice soil mix (much more pumice than in
Hyponex cactus potting soil) and mix in one part forest compost.
Additionally, I use a lot of plant fertilizer. Cactus are damaged
by high nitrogen contents, so be sure to use a fertilizer with low
nitrogen. Check the label... there are three digits (like 10-7-12)
and the first is the nitrogen content. Use a plant food with the
lowest ratio of this number to the other two. Special catus
fertilizers are available... I use one called "Catus Juice" which
has a 1-7-6 ratio, plus calcium which is a special factor for cactus.
I feed my cactus at the recommended dilution about once a week.
Don't begin this treatment immediately after repotting; let the
roots set in. When attempting to increase potency, this feeding
is not necessary since the cactus will not be receiving water.
Potting: These cacti like to send out far ranging lateral root systems
near to the surface, so if potted they should be placed in very wide
clay pots. Deep but narrow pots will result in stunted growth. Clay
pots are required for proper drainage. Use of large clay pots is in
many ways preferable to planting directly in the ground, since
the watering, drainage, and feeding can be controlled more precisely.
However, if attempting to increase potency, the cactus can be
placed in small, constricted pots since good growth conditions are not
desired. In any case, repotting cactus should not be idly done since
it shocks the root system and injures the cactus. It is best to
choose a suitable pot and stick with it.
Watering: When in full growth, the cactus should be watered quite
frequently. The cactus should be watered when the subsurface soil is
not damp to the touch. This will depend on many other factors. At one
extreme, for a cactus in very well-drained, high pumice soil, potted
in porous clay pots, receiving bright full sunlight all day long, in
an exposed, windy, hot location, the cactus can be thoroughly watered
every four days. If fed this frequently, the plant food concentration
should be halved. One way to test soil dampness is to insert a small,
clean redwood stake into the soil. If it comes out with small particles
of sand clinging to it, the soil is still moist and should not be watered.
During dormant winter months, the cactus should be watered much less
frequently, perhaps once a month or so. This will stimulate root
growth and result in faster growth during the hot season. As
mentioned above, when attempting to increase potency, the cactus
should not be watered at all for an entire growing season, and placed
in a less exposed, partially shaded location.
"Doping": Adam Gottlieb, in "Peyote and Other Psychoactive Cacti"
reports that the mescaline content can be increased by injection
of dopamine, or a mixture of tyrosine and dopa. The treatment
should be done on water starved cactus, and harvesting should
wait for four weeks (for dopamine, or six weeks for tyrosine
and dopa). The book recommends a saturated solution of free base
dopamine in a .05 N solution of HCl. Instructions are to inject at
the base of the plant and repeat again every 3-4 inches up the column
of the plant following a spiral pattern. I haven't tried this
personally...
FINAL COMMENTS: A RECREATIONAL DRUG? Mescaline containing cactus
produce one, or at most, two doses of mescaline a year (for fast
Trichocereus species -- peyote cactus produces far less). Relative
to other hallucinogens, these cacti can be difficult to obtain unless
one lives in precisely the right area. Preparation of the cactus
is time consuming, and a relatively large quantity of extremely
disagreeable tasting substance must be consumed. The initial
effects are usually accompanied by considerable physical
discomfort. The experience is very long lived and inhibits sleep
for an even longer time, much more so than LSD, thus the
use of mescaline requires setting aside a considerable chunk
of time (typically an entire day, with possibility of fatigue
the next day). These facts may make cactus seem like a poor
choice for a recreational drug... and I would agree with this.
Many other compounds are better suited for recreational use.
But this is also precisely its appeal for me... I have tremendous
respect for mescaline containing cactus. Like the Native American
Indians, I think one can view these "negative" aspects of cactus
as features which are present to insure that it is treated with
the proper respect. To me, the use of mescaline containing
cactus is a rare, and spiritual, event.
REFERENCES:
=====================================================================
Lamb, Egdar and Brian. Pocket Encyclopedia of Cacti in Colour.
Blandford Press, 1981. ISBN 0-7137-11973.
Gottleib, Adam. Peyote And Other Psychoactive Cacti. Kistone Press,
1977. (A small pamphlet available in head shops.)
--
Bob Cain rcain@netcom.com 408-358-2007
Stomp out intolerance!

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From: rcain@netcom.com (Robert Cain)
Subject: Re: cactii
Message-ID: <rcainC89Dus.7zt@netcom.com>
Date: Mon, 7 Jun 1993 16:01:40 GMT
25u7gardinie@vms.csd.mu.edu wrote:
: I am planning on growing some cactii soon and was wondering if anyone
: out in this virtual land has any experience with growing cactus from
: seed. If anyone does and would like to post any comments or suggestions
: they would be greatly appreciated. I regretably have little experience
: in growing things of this nature and would like to have the best chance
: for success the first time out. If you would rather e-mail me info that
: would be fine. I would even appreciate some advice on books which would
: give me the info I am seeking. Once again thanks in advance.
I have 26 little T. peruvianus that I germinated from 100 seeds from
... of the jungle. It was quite easy. As a germination bed I used
commercial cactus mix in a 3/8" layer on the bottom of a pie plate that
I could seal with saran wrap. Moisten, apply a half recommended
solution of Ortho Multi-Purpose Frungacide, DACONIL 2787, with a spray
bottle. This need be done once but needs be done. I lost seeds and
seedlings until I did this and my germination ratio would have been
much higher. Sprinkle seeds on wet bed and seal with saran. Open once
a day to air out. Sprouting will occur within a couple of weeks. They
seem to have a remarkably difficult time getting their tap root into
the ground but don't worry, it happens. They will reach 1/2" in
three months or so. I transplanted half into separate containers at
that point and left half in the germinating bed for a total of eight
months. Interestingly the ones left in the germinating bed grew taller
and thinner and overall slightly larger while the transplanted ones
gained more girth. I just transplanted the remainder and moved them
outside at about seven months and the heavy duty noon day CA sun gave
them a pretty serious sunburn, they were turning purple, I moved to
partial shade and they are recovering nicely. I have no idea how long
it will take until sufficient maturity but the fall should tell
something. These little cuties are perfectly legal (as cactii.)
Peace,
Bob
--
Bob Cain rcain@netcom.com 408-358-2007
"I used to be different. But now I'm the same."
--------------PGP 1.0 or 2.0 public key available on request.------------------

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From: marsthom@coriolis.UUCP (marsthom)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: CACTUS: w. lophophora question
Date: 12 Apr 91 06:45:31 GMT
Organization: Albedo Communications
CACTI SOURCES OF MESCALINE
Approximate Percent
Botanical Name Locale Mescaline Content
---------------------------------- ------------------ -------------------
Lophophora williamsii Texas, Chihuahua 1
Anhalonium lewinii (L. diffusa) Queretaro trace (1% pellotine)
Trichocereus peruvianus Peru 1
Trichocereus pachanoi (San Pedro) Peru 0.1
Trichocereus brigesii Bolivia <0.1
Trichocereus macrogonus South America <0.1
Trichocereus terscheckii Argentina <0.1
Trichocereus werdermannianus South America <0.1
Trichocereus cuzcoensis Peru <0.1
Trichocereus fulvilanus South America <0.1
Trichocereus taquimbalensis South America <0.1
Trichocereus validus South America <0.1
Stetsonia coryne Argentina <0.1
Pelecyphora asilliformis San Luis Potosi 0.00001
Opuntia spinosor Arizona,Chihuahua 0.00001
---------------------------------- ------------------ -------------------
From: Shulgin,A.L.,"Chemistry of Phenethylamines Related to Mescaline"
_Journal of Psychedelic Drugs_ Vol.11(1-2)Jan-Jun 1979
-----------------------
(this in response for the request for Latin names of psychoactive
cacti, of course.)

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From: jooji@eden.rutgers.edu (Jasper O'Malley)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Caffeine Trips and other such niceties
Date: 17 Feb 1995 14:08:47 -0500
Message-ID: <3i2s7v$eiq@er6.rutgers.edu>
"And he opened the seventh seal..."
Just thought you guys be interested in a little bit of excitement that came
my way last night...
After drinking an entire pot of coffee in less than an hour, around 4 AM this
morning I became completely and utterly convinced that the world was going to
end at exactly 6:11 AM this morning, just before first light. I'm not making
this up. I completely lost my shit in a way that I have never lost it
before.
I was so freaked out, I wanted to die. Not to kill myself, just
die. I had absolutely no desire to write, speak, eat, blow my nose, kiss,
think or be in general...I wanted to die and I was convinced that when the
world did end in a blaze of hellfire, I was gonna be judged by the
Lord Almighty and burn for eternity. I wrote four pages about it in
my journal as I was hip deep in the shitpool that was a stimulant
overdose induced, acute manic/paranoiac attack that triggered some
sort of neoclassical, metaphysical, socio-religious and philosophical
crisis.
Needless to say this sucked real bad, and I didn't real start to come
down off this until around 5 in the morning. This particularly blew
'cos I had two labs to finish by today (already late...I only ended up
getting one done), and I didn't feel a hell of a lot of incentive to
expound on the vibrational-rotational modes of carbon dioxide
molecules being that the world was going to come to a screeching halt
and I was hurtling toward that inevitable eternity of suffering and
agony reserved for unrepentant pagans and unbelievers like m'self...
I fully snapped out of it at 6:20 and now my stomach feels like I
swallowed a pound of Drain-O and pixie stick cocktails...
If anyone ever tells you caffeine is not a psychoactive drug when
taken in significantly large quantities, spit on their nose. And if
you find the bastard that sprinkled LSD on my French Roast, cut out
his tongue...
HUGS & KISSES,
Crackerboy O'Brien

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From: balld@gibbs.oit.unc.edu (Donald the Curmudgeon)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Calamus Root.
Message-ID: <2hguq6$bda@bigblue.oit.unc.edu>
Date: 18 Jan 94 15:21:42 GMT
I once ate about 4 inches of fresh calamus root.
It's a stimulant. It's a pretty good stimulant, in fact. I didn't notice
any hallucinogenic effects, but perhaps I needed a larger quantity.
In any case, it's one of the foulest tasting drugs I've ever consumed.
--
***************************************************************************
***Donald Athelstan Ball Jr. Department of Psychology***
***donald_ball@unc.edu University of North Carolina***
***(919)962-4001 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270***
=============================================================================
From: mcscs1cfsi@dct.ac.uk
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Calamus Root.
Message-ID: <1994Jan14.135756.10282@dct.ac.uk>
Date: 14 Jan 94 13:57:56 GMT
I have been experimenting with calamus root, bought already cut to quarter
smartie size and dried.
I've tried making tea from it to no avail. Yesterday i gubbed half an ounce of
the stuff. Nothing happened again.
Allegedly, 10 inces of the root works to provide hallucinagenic effects....
Can anyone provide some info???
Herbie.
=============================================================================
From: jtrichar@sdcc13.ucsd.edu (Jeremy Richardson)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Calamus=Vomit, vomit, vomit.
Date: 14 May 1994 20:03:08 GMT
Message-ID: <jtrichar-130594125107@jtrichar.extern.ucsd.edu>
I just wanted to warn everyone about this particular herb. I visited an
herb store last night, and recognized the name "Calamus" on the shelf from
the Legal Highs text. So, being the rash and inept fool that I am, I
bought it, took it home and imbibed it as per the 20th Century Alchemist's
directions. Bad move.
I drank this *horribly* bitter brew at around 10 o'clock, and experienced
little (if any) of the anticipated effects. However, to my chagrin, at
around 3, I felt ill. And I barfed, barfed, barfed, and for a change of
pace, I vomited. I had my girlfriend call the Poison Control Center to
make sure that I wasn't going to die. We found that Calamus' effects,
instead of euphoric, are a stomach irritant. So, I spent most of the night
cradled around the Porcelain God.
Lesson 1: reaffirmed "don't believe everything you read"
Lesson 2: always check out what you buy, and make SURE that it's gonna do
what it is supposed to.
Lesson 3: if you're gonna poke around the psychotropic section of the Herb
store, and try stuff, call Poison Control first to see if you should expect
bad results.
Lesson 4: there are other, much mellower substances to partake of than
Calamus.
(not to mention tastier)
Jeremy

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
I once ate about 4 inches of fresh calamus root.
It's a stimulant. It's a pretty good stimulant, in fact. I didn't notice
any hallucinogenic effects, but perhaps I needed a larger quantity.
In any case, it's one of the foulest tasting drugs I've ever consumed.
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
I have been experimenting with calamus root, bought already cut to quarter
smartie size and dried.
I've tried making tea from it to no avail. Yesterday i gubbed half an ounce of
the stuff. Nothing happened again.
Allegedly, 10 inces of the root works to provide hallucinagenic effects....
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
I just wanted to warn everyone about this particular herb. I visited an
herb store last night, and recognized the name "Calamus" on the shelf from
the Legal Highs text. So, being the rash and inept fool that I am, I
bought it, took it home and imbibed it as per the 20th Century Alchemist's
directions. Bad move.
I drank this *horribly* bitter brew at around 10 o'clock, and experienced
little (if any) of the anticipated effects. However, to my chagrin, at
around 3, I felt ill. And I barfed, barfed, barfed, and for a change of
pace, I vomited. I had my girlfriend call the Poison Control Center to
make sure that I wasn't going to die. We found that Calamus' effects,
instead of euphoric, are a stomach irritant. So, I spent most of the night
cradled around the Porcelain God.
Lesson 1: reaffirmed "don't believe everything you read"
Lesson 2: always check out what you buy, and make SURE that it's gonna do
what it is supposed to.
Lesson 3: if you're gonna poke around the psychotropic section of the Herb
store, and try stuff, call Poison Control first to see if you should expect
bad results.
Lesson 4: there are other, much mellower substances to partake of than
Calamus.
(not to mention tastier)

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Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
Subject: Calea zacatechichi
Message-ID: <o2Xw3B4w165w@qedbbs.com>
From: marsthom@qedbbs.com (Mark Thompson)
Date: 2 May 93 08:13:47 GMT
>Someone asked about Calea zacatechichi...
Beside Willam Bodens book "Narcotic Plants" and Richard Evan
Schultes/Albert Hofmann's book "Plants of the Gods", a good source of info
about psychoactive Mexican plants is the article:
"Ethnopharmacology and Taxonomy of Mexican Psychodysleptic Plants"
by Jose Luis Diaz, MD published in the Jan-Jun 1979 issue of
"Journal of Psychedelic Drugs"
Diaz lists Salvia divinorum, Calea zacatechichi and Cannabis sativa
as "cognodysleptics", and Calea zacatechichi is mentioned as being smoked
and taken as a tea by the Chontal Indians in Oaxaca for divination and
oneiromancy (dream induction).
"Its actions during wakefulness were tested in five subjects after
several inhalations and the administration of an infusion.
With high doses, effects included: sensations of well-being
and light-headedness, difficulty in bringing events to mind,
somnolence, and an intensification of visual imagery, but only
with the eyes closed."
It isn't clear from the paper whether the psychoactive substance(s) in
the plant have been conclusively identified:
"A germacranolid called caleicine, the p-hydroxycinnamide ester of
junenol, was isolated from a sample of C. zacatechichi taken from
the state of Veracruz."
"Other substances with the basic structure of caleicine have been
isolated from the active, as well as the inactive plants provided
by the Chontal curandero; they are now being screened for the
presence of psychoactive compounds. Independently Bohlmann and
Zdero(1977) have reported two new germacranolids in C. zacatechichi.
It should be mentioned that these molecules are terpenes as are the
cannabinols in marijuana."
Diaz also mentions that there appear to be two varieties (possibly
separate species) of this plant. One is psychoactive and the other
apparently is not.
------------
Hope that's useful to someone.

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From: andersom@spot.Colorado.EDU (Marc Anderson)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,alt.psychoactives
Subject: Cannabis increases CBF!
Message-ID: <1993Apr22.203424.9887@ucsu.Colorado.EDU>
Date: 22 Apr 93 20:34:24 GMT
With all the talk about how bad cocaine is bad because it reduces cerebral
blood flow (CBF)/ glucose expenditure, I bumped into some research that found
cannabis increases CBF in the right and left frontal lobes and the left
temporal lobe.
This would be a good thing to throw at a drug warrior who claims cocaine is
bad because it decreases CBF. (ask him, "does this mean that cannabis is good
because it increases CBF?" -- of course it doesn't, but it's a good thing to
know anyway..)
[Mathew, R.J.; Wilson, W.H. (1993): Acute changes in cerebral blood flow
after smoking marijuana. _Life Sciences_. 52(8):757-767.]
Abstract:
In experienced marijuana smokers, marijuana smoking was accompanied
by a significant bilateral increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF)
especially in the frontal regions and cerebral blood velocity. The
post-marijuana CBF increase could not be explained on the basis on
changes in general circulation or respiration. Similarly, the CBF
increase was unrelated to plasma levels of tetrahydrocannabinol and
extracranial circulation. Behavioral changes showed significant
correlations with CBF. CBF and brain function are closely coupled and
therefore it seemed highly likely that CBF changes after marijuana were
closely related to its effect on mood and behavior.
-marc
andersom@spot.colorado.edu

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My first trip was the best I've ever had. I dropped at 11:30pm. I started
noticing a change at around 12am. I was standing in 7-11, kinda disoriented.
I turned around and it hit me. The room strated shifting, and the shelves
started beding. 3 of us were tripping. All I remember is that whenever we
wanted to light a cigarette, we'd ask for a light, start laughing and
remember about 1/2 later that we were holding an un lit cigarette. Adam and I
were sitting outside behind a car. the car was on the right side curb. A car
rolls by and he says it's a cop and runs away. I was left sitting there
alone. Now I heard the car, saw the lights, but I didn't exactly see the car.
When I got up to run away. Everything stopped. The sounds went away, and the
lights went away to. I tell thats the biggest most life-like trip/visual I've
ever had. Love Nico Blue@}--->-------

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: andersom@spot.Colorado.EDU (Marc Anderson)
Subject: Re: Info on methcathinone
Message-ID: <1993Jul1.222440.8062@ucsu.Colorado.EDU>
Date: Thu, 1 Jul 1993 22:24:40 GMT
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
[some text deleted -cak]
medline only has two entries for 'methcathinone', both of which follow:
- -marc
andersom@spot.colorado.edu
- ---------- cut here ---------
AU - Glennon RA
AU - Yousif M
AU - Naiman N
AU - Kalix P
TI - Methcathinone: a new and potent amphetamine-like agent.
AB - The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the effect of
N-monomethylation of phenylisopropylamine derivatives on amphetamine-
like activity. In tests of stimulus generalization using rats trained
to discriminate 1.0 mg/kg of (+)-amphetamine from saline, the N-
monomethyl derivatives of 1-(X-phenyl)-2-aminopropane, where X = 2,4-
dimethoxy (2,4-DMA), 3,4-dimethoxy (3,4-DMA), 2,4,5-trimethoxy
(2,4,5,-TMA), and 2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy (MMDA-2), did not
produce amphetamine-appropriate responding at the doses evaluated.
However, the N-monomethyl derivative of cathinone (i.e.,
methcathinone), like cathinone, resulted in stimulus generalization.
Further studies with this agent revealed that (a) in the amphetamine-
trained animals, methcathinone (ED50 = 0.37 mg/kg) is more potent
than racemic cathinone or racemic amphetamine (ED50 = 0.71 mg/kg in
both cases), (b) methcathinone is capable of inducing release of
radioactivity from [3H]dopamine-prelabeled tissue of rat caudate
nucleus in a manner similar to that observed with cathinone,
amphetamine, and methamphetamine, and (c) methcathinone is more
potent than cathinone as a locomotor stimulant in mice as determined
by their effect on spontaneous activity. The results of the present
study provide evidence for a structural analogy between the
prototypic psychostimulants amphetamine/methamphetamine and
cathinone/methcathinone, and lend further support to the concept that
amphetamine and cathinone correspond in their pharmacological
effects.
SO - Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1987 Mar;26(3):547-51
DP - 1987 Mar
TA - Pharmacol Biochem Behav
PG - 547-51
IP - 3
VI - 26
IS - 0091-3057
UI - 87204443
AU - Goldstone MS
TI - 'Cat': methcathinone--a new drug of abuse [letter]
AB - [No Abstract Available]
SO - JAMA 1993 May 19;269(19):2508
DP - 1993 May 19
TA - JAMA
PG - 2508
IP - 19
VI - 269
IS - 0098-7484
UI - 93253905
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: 2.2
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YpU005KcJ8DRDEU7Tbmx99rUkvLppDGseLP2Ac8JH8aW9N11L8jVSQ==
=yz0/
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
=============================================================================
From: ebrandt@jarthur.cs.hmc.edu (Eli Brandt)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Homemade cat
Date: 10 Jun 1994 03:51:55 GMT
Message-ID: <2t8o0r$kjb@jaws.cs.hmc.edu>
In article <135322Z09061994@anon.penet.fi>, Mud Phud <an97259@anon.penet.fi> wrote:
>I found it to be much, much weaker than meth. The onset is slightly
>slower (nasal route), there is no euphoria/rush, the high is like a
>buzz with some of the heightened concentration and detail perception
>ability, and the effects don't last as long as meth. I had no trouble
>sleeping at night, unlike with a meth high.
>
>My question to the expert chemists in the group is why this might
>be so. The cat refs on hmc seem to indicate that methcathinone and
>methamphetamine should have equivalent or nearly equivalent effects.
Maybe not. I have some notes comparing cathinone (the active principle
of qat) with amphetamine. Rosecran et al. found that cathinone lacked
DA agonist activity, and showed less disruption of behavior in animal
studies. This is in Harris (ed.), _Problems of drug dependence_, NIDA,
Monograph #27. I don't know whether this generalizes to methcathinone.
Eli ebrandt@hmc.edu
finger for PGP key.
The above text is worth
precisely its weight in gold.

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From: lamontg@cs.washington.edu
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: methcasidone recipe
Message-ID: <25bp20$ktb@news.u.washington.edu>
Date: 24 Aug 93 00:57:36 GMT
jcaffey@lonestar.utsa.edu (Jeffrey S. Caffey ) writes:
>Don't know much about it except that it's called methcathione, CAT for short,
correct.
>and it contains a strong base (lye, something like NaOH), battery acid, and
>ephinedrine (from diet pills and nasal sprays, etc.).
it does not "contain" those anymore than water "contains" hydrogen.
ephedrine is the precursor. NaOH and H2SO4 are used in the synthesis
to acidify or basify the solution that you're working with at various
stages -- it doesn't contain NaOH or H2SO4 *PERIOD*. it may "contain"
HCl as a hydrochloride salt, but so does the ephedrine and pseudoephedrine
that you buy over the counter.
>Of course, I could be
>wrong. That's what I learned from watching, believe it or not, The Today Show
>with Katie Curic. Sounds like you would have to be high to want to get high
>on that shit!
what you've mentioned here has no relevancy to wether or not you'd want to
get high on it.
>So how DO you make it?!! :-)
From: an26424@anon.penet.fi (Badsector)
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1993 15:20:21 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Methcathinone Info
Methcathinone ("Cat") / Ephedrone ("Jeff").
===========================================
Initially reported as a street drug in the former USSR as ephedrone
[1]. Reports of the use of "Jeff" leading to "numerous" overdose deaths
were, it seems, covered up by the former Russian authorities. It has been
banned in the USA after several labs were seized in Michigan. It was sold
as "Cat", presumably named after the African shrub Khat (catha
edulis), which contains cathinone [2]. Methcathinone is related to
cathinone as methamphetamine is related to amphetamine, i.e. by
N-methyl substitution.
Reliable reports of effects in humans are not known to me. A recent short
letter [4] in the Journal of the American Medical Association seems to me to
simply to repeat assertions made in the American popular press. In the letter,
it is said that users describe "Cat" as better than cocaine and meth.
"Typical" doses are described as 0.5-1g and the effects described as lasting
six days.
This seems to me to be unlikely. What has been reported may well be
equivalent to high dose, methamphetamine abuse on the "speed freak" pattern
and is probably *not* typical.
Animal studies [2] suggest methcathinone has ED50 of 1.9uM/kg
(0.39mg/kg) , when compared to cocaine's 7.6uM/kg (2.6 mg/kg). This would
make it *more* potent than cocaine by six times in the rat and
suggests the human figure of ten times cocaine potency in the human reported
on USENET as been given on Belgium television is not unrealistic. Indeed, this
would put it in the same range as methamphetamine, which it may well closely
resemble.
Personal communication suggests it may well be simply equivalent to
methamphetamine. The bottom line may well be that most CNS stimulants
are the same, whether they be cocaine, methamphetamine, amphetamine,
4-methylaminorex or methcathinone. Differing the route of administration is
likely to have more effect. Smoking or injecting such drugs leads to rapid
build-up of the drug in the blood stream and an intense "rush". This route
is more dangerous from a toxicologic point of view and likely to lead to
compulsive use. Occasional oral use in social situations is likely
to be the least harmful. Some people may find CNS stimulants psychologically
addictive.
Synthesis [1]
A 2000-mL Erlenmeyer flask, equipped with a magnetic stirring bar, was
charged with methylene chloride (200 mL), acetic acid (10 mL) water (100 mL),
potassium permanganate (2g) and ephedrine hydrochloride (2g). The solution was
stirred at room temperature for 30 min. This was followed by the
addition of sufficient sodium hydrogen sulfite to reduce the
precipitated manganese dioxide. The aqueous phase was made basic
with 5N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the methylene chloride was
separated. The organic layer was extracted with 0.5N sulfuric acid
(H2SO4). Isolation of the acid layer followed by basification with
sodium bicarbonate and extraction with methylene chloride (50 mL,
three times), removed the product into the organic phase. The solvent
was concentrated by rotary evaporation, followed by column
chromatography through neutral alumina with methylene chloride.
Solvent removal through rotary evaporation produced a colorless
liquid which was disolved in hexane. Gaseous hydrochloric acid was
bubbled into the hexane to precipitate the amine hydrochloride to
produce a 1-g (50%) yield of 2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one
hydrochloride.
Ephedrone, like methamphetamine, processes one asymmetric center.
Depending upon the synthetic precursor, l-ephedrine (1R,2S) or
d-pseudoephedrine (1S,2R), the product expected would be d-ephedrone
(2S) or l-ephedrone (2R), respectively. However, depending on the
heat of the reaction or harsh extraction conditions the enolizable
ketone will result in a racemic d,l-ephedrone.
Synthesis [3]
A solution composed of 0.99g of sodium dichromate and 133g of
concentrated sulfuric acid dissolved in 4.46 cc of water is added
slowly with stirring to 1.65g of l-ephedrine dissolved in 4.7 cc of
water and 0.55 cc of concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature.
The mixture is stirred at room temperature for an additional 4 to 6
hours and then made alkaline with sodium hydroxide soloution. the
aqueous mixture is extracted with two volumes of chloroform and then
with two volumes of ether. The organic extracts containing the free
base of 1-a-methylaminoprophenone are combined, treated with an
excess of dry hydrogen chloride and the solvents evaporated. The
residual 1-a-methylaminopropiophenone hydrochloride is stirred with
petroleum ether, collected and purified by dissolving in ethanol and
reprecipitating with ether. m.p. 182-184 o C.
(1) Zingel, K.Y., Dovensky, W., Crossman, A. and Allen, A.,
"Ephedrone: 2-Methylamino-1-Phenylpropane-1-One (Jeff)," Journal of
Forensic Sciences, v. 36, No.3, May 1991, pp.915-920
(2) Young, R. and R.A. Glennon. "Cocaine-Stimulus Generalization to
Two New Designer Drugs: Methcathinone and 4-Methylaminorex"
Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 45(1) 229-231, 1993
(3) Glennon, R.A., Yousif, M., Kalix, P. "Methcathinone: A new and
potent amphetamine-like agent." Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav.
26:547-5451, 1987.
(3) British Patent, 768,772 (1954).
(4) Goldstone, M.S., "Cat - Methcathinone - A New Drug of Abuse" Journal
of the American Medical Association v269 no 19 p2508 (letter) 1993
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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>Of course, I guess the college guy figured out that everything needed was
>right under the counter. Now what's the government going to do? Outlaw
>batteries and drain cleaners? I wouldn't put it past them.
i really doubt it.
--
Lamont Granquist drugz: ftp.u.washington.edu:/pub/user-supported/alt.drugs
lamontg@cs.washington.edu personal: !finger lamontg@cs.washington.edu | more
"Conservative: n. One who admires radicals centuries after they're dead."
=============================================================================
From: cooper@hacktic.nl (cooper)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Ephedrine Derivatives
Date: 10 Oct 1993 14:12:39 +0100
Message-ID: <2991olINNo8m@xs4all.hacktic.nl>
dyer@spdcc.com (Steve Dyer) writes:
>In article <1993Oct9.200043.25880@news.yale.edu> potter@minerva.cis.yale.edu (Philip G. Potter) writes:
> >It is supposedly easy to make, using Ephedrine Hydrochloride (over the
> >counter stimulant) and other household chemicals. Do anyone have any
> >information on this.
>You've got to be kidding. You'd need a chemistry lab.
Well, a chemistry lab and some knowledge _might_ help, but hey, if you wanna
give it a shot, Here's howto: (well, at the end of this post, that is!
Oh this is the end huh?? Ok, here goes:
I've never tried this synthesis, and I can't be sure baout anything. However,
if your kitchen does not explode, and you have a good time anyway, lemme know.
Methcathinone
Preparing the ephedrine/pseudoephedrine solution:
Method A:
Add enough water to completely dissolve pure ephedrine or
pseudoephedrine.
Method B:
Wash sudaphed tablets in cold water until most (it's impossible
to get all of it) of the red coating is gone. Put the tablets
in hot water, heat them to boiling, and stir until the tablets
have completely dissolved. Filter off the liquid.
The amount of water the (pseudo-)ephedrine [I'll call it
ephedrine from now on for simplicity] is dissolved in is not too
important - it should be as little as possible, but at least as
much as the amount of sulfuric acid that is added later (to
insure to that the potassium dichromate dissolves).
To this aqueous mixture add 0.62 grams of potassium dichromate
for every gram of ephedrine in the solution. If you used
sudaphed tablets, figure by the theoretical amount in
solution (number of tablets X content of each tablet). Slowly
add 3ml Sulfuric for each gram ephedrine, stirring as you add
it.
Let react for 30-60 minutes. The color should go from a bright
red/orange to a dark color (a mixture of green and orange from
the two ionization states of the chromium).
Basify the solution with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution
until you see the solution become a bright green (green with a
white precipitate - the methcathinone). This happens above pH
8. Try not to add too much hydroxide (if you do the solution
becomes black and there is probably some decomposition of the
methcathinone).
Extract 3-4 times with naptha (add the naptha, shake it up,
pour off as much naptha as you can - but DON'T get ANY reaction
mixture in the extracts!). Use as much naptha as would equal
about 50-100 percent of the reaction mixture.
Quickly add the extracts to 25ml of hydrochloric acid, diluted
1 part 36% HCl to 4-5 parts water. Shake the mixture, extract
off the aqueous (lower) portion. This is an acid solution of
the methcathinone. [you may want to extract a second time with
HCl to get a slightly higher yield, a 3rd time adds nothing.]
Evaporate the mixture under low to medium heat (preferably
under a vacuum) until it becomes thick. Add acetone and stir
it a little. if the mixture doesn't become white (crystalline)
right away, it hasn't been evaporated enough. Continue
evaporating and adding acetone until it does. Be careful not
to burn the thick mixture (adding acetone helps keep the
temperature down).
After getting crystals/precipitate, cover the mixture tightly
and put in a freezer for 15 minutes. Remove from the freezer,
filter the crystals off and wash with a small amount of cold
acetone.
[If the crystals are less than white, you may want to purify
them by boiling and stirring them in acetone again, cooling
the mixture and refiltering as described above.]
The white crystals/powder is methcathinone HCL. I wouldn't
take more than 20mg for a first dose, and I wouldn't take it if
I had a history of heart disease or stroke in the family, or if
I had high blood pressure. Really, really habit forming. Very,
very pleasurable. BE CAREFUL. Don't introduce this stuff to
kids or sell it or I will personally hunt you down.
NOTES:
This synthesis is very forgiving. Substitutions of potassium
hydroxide for sodium hydroxide, sodium dichromate for potassium
dichromate and similar subsitution will not have an impact. I
wouldn't substitute anything for the sulfuric acid, however.
HCl is used to make the drug salt because it is so easy to
evaporate the excess off. Any method of making drug salts you
are familiar with should be satisfactory.
Ether works a little better than naptha, but it's more
dangerous. I stay away from it.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
--Cooper
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <051314Z09071994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an42976@anon.penet.fi
Date: Sat, 9 Jul 1994 05:11:24 UTC
Subject: Tips for CAT synthesis
Through experience I have compiled the following tips for ppl wanting
to do the CAT synthesis. It isn't hard, but the posted synthesis cannot
lead to good results becuase of certain ommisions. I don't know if these
were omitted deliberately as to stop non-chemists from completing it or
whether the author of the original article just forgot. In any case, here
are some things you should be aware of.
1) When dissolving the ephedrine don't use 'as little amount of water as
possible' as the instructions say. This will lead to a very thick reaction
mixture. When extracting with naphta this thickness will prevent separation
of layers. The naphta will stay in suspension and the naphta that does
separate will not contain high amounts of CAT. This leads to unacceptably
low yields. Use about 10 ml. of water per gram of dissolved ephedrine. Do
not use tap-water, get de-mineralised water. Trace amounts of minerals will
inhibit the reaction.
2) Add the sulphuric acid *very slowly*. If you don't, local concentrations
will get too high, causing the ephedrine to break down. Stir well while
adding the H2SO4.
3) This is the most important omission: The whole reaction mixture has to
be cooled while basifying it with Sodium hydroxyde. The heat developed
during this stage will cause practicaly all the CAT to break down if you
don't. The best way to cool it is as follows: Place the reaction mixture
in an ice-bath 10 minutes before adding the NaOH. Then, just before adding
the NaOH, chuck a handfull of salt over the ice (NOT in the reaction
mixture!) This will cause the temperature to drop another couple of
degrees, ensuring a good cooling.
4) Use a magnetic stirring device troughout the whole procedure.
5) When extracting the CAT from the naphta with the HCl use a 20%
solution in stead of the mentioned 10% (approx.)
6) When evaporating the excess amounts of water (preferably under vacuum)
do not let the temperature exceed 70 degrees C. (approx 150 F.) Again, the
high temperature would cause the CAT to disintegrate. :-(
If you follow these additional comments, you should be able to have success!
The anonymous chemist.
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=============================================================================
_____________________________________________________________________________
MAKING CAT (METHCATHINONE)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For a more complete description of how cat is made read "Secrets of Meth-
amphetamine Manufacture" (Third Edition), available from Loompanics Unlimited,
PO Box 1197 Port Townsend, WA 98368 USA. Eye protection is needed and this is
done in a well-ventilated area. AT LEAST a year of college chemistry lab
experience is needed to realize the dangers involved here. This article is for
information purposes only.
Cat (METHCATHINONE) is made by oxidizing EPHEDRINE, while METHAMPHETAMINE is
made by reducing EPHEDRINE. Cat is best made by using CHROME in the +6
oxidation state as the oxidizer. Any of the common hexavalent CHROME salts
can be used as the oxidizer in this reaction. Some of these are CHROME
TRIOXIDE (CrO3), SODIUM or POTASSIUM CHROMATE (Na2CrO4), and SODIUM or
POTASSIUM DICHROMATE (Na2Cr2O7). All of these chemicals are very common.
CHROME TRIOXIDE is used in chrome plating.
First the chemist dissolves EPHEDRINE pills containing a total of 25 grams
of EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE or EPHEDRINE SULFATE in distilled water. EPHEDRINE
pills usually contain 25mg each of EPHEDRINE so 1000 pills would be needed.
Grinding them up isn't necessary. Let them sit overnight or shake the
solution hard for a while. When they're dissolved bring the solution to a
gentle boil while constantly stirring so none of it burns. As soon as it
starts boiling remove it from the heat and pour through 3 coffee filters
layered together to filter out the unwanted filler crap. Usually it is
necessary to hold the filters like a bag with the liquid that didn't go
through and gently squeeze to get the liquid to go through. The result is an
almost totally clear liquid which is the EPHEDRINE extract in water. Throw the
mush left in the filter away.
The EPHEDRINE extract is poured into any convenient glass container. Next,
75 grams of any of the above mentioned CHROMIUM compounds is added. They
dissolve easily to form a reddish or orange colored solution. Finally,
CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID (it usually comes as 96-98%) is carefully added.
If CrO3 is being used, 21 ml is enough. If one of the CHROMATES is being used,
42 ml is needed. These chemicals are thoroughly mixed together and allowed
to sit for several hours with occasional stirring.
After several hours LYE solution (1 part water, 1 part LYE) is very slowly
and carefully added dropwise with strong stirring until the solution is
strongly basic (pH 11 or more). This strong stirring is to make sure the cat
is converted to the free base.
Next, TOLUENE is used to extract the cat. Usually this is done with a sep
funnel (separatory funnel, which is a flask with a funnel-shaped bottom and
a stopcock (valve) on the very bottom. Sep funnels are used for separating
liquids by opening the valve on the bottom and letting the bottom-most layer
of liquid drain out.) but a regular glass bottle should be fine but using a
plastic cap wouldn't be good. For safety, the bottle would need to be "burped"
often anyway to make sure no gasses build up in it. A large eyedropper-type
tool could be used to efficiently remove the cat layer. A couple hundred ml's
of TOLUENE is added and the container is strongly shaken to make sure the all
of the cat free base gets into the TOLUENE layer. Shake until it resembles
milk (fine suspended globules of TOLUENE within the water layer). Shake really
hard, then allow it to separate. Insufficent shaking will result in poor yield
with some undissolved cat base remaining in the spent sludge layer. The
TOLUENE layer should be clear to pale yellow in color. The water layer should
be orange mixed with green. The green may settle out as a heavy sludge. The
water layer is thrown away and the TOLUENE layer is washed once with water and
then poured into another container. ("Washed" here means that water is added
and the mixture shaken again and separated. The cat free base stays in the
TOLUENE layer because it doesn't dissolve in water. Any remaining
water-soluble impurities are dissolved into the water layer and not the
TOLUENE layer and thus they're "washed" out.)
The cat free base now must be converted to cat salt (METHCATHINONE HCL).
Here are 2 methods for doing this.
METHOD 1
~~~~~~~~
Dry HCL gas is made and bubbled through the TOLUENE solution to turn the cat
free base into cat salt (METHCATHINONE HCL). A bottle is selected for holding
the gas-producing mixture and a 1-hole stopper will be put in the top of the
bottle. One end of a J-shaped glass tube (about 1/4 inch diameter) is pushed
into the stopper. This glass tube will reach from the top of the gas-producing
bottle down into the bottle holding the TOLUENE-cat mixture. It should reach
the bottom of the mixture. Usually a sep funnel is used to add SULFURIC ACID
to the gas-producing mixture through a second hole in the stopper to keep gas
flowing. If one doesn't have access to a sep funnel it should be possible to
take the stopper out of the gas-producing bottle just long enough to add a
little SULFURIC ACID when it's needed to keep gas flowing. Place 200 grams of
TABLE SALT into the gas-producing bottle. 35% CONCENTRATED HYDROCHLORIC ACID
(reagent grade) is added and they are mixed into a paste. The surface of the
paste should be rough with lots of holes poked into it for good gas
production. About 1 ml of CONCENTRATED (96-98%) SULFURIC ACID is added to the
paste. This dehydrates the HYDROCHLORIC ACID and produces HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
GAS (** DO NOT BREATHE THIS GAS! **). This gas goes out of the gas-producing
bottle through the glass tube and bubbles through the TOLUENE-cat solution
turning cat free base into cat salt. The cat salt should appear as crystals
and after a while the solution should be thick with them. The crystals are
recovered by pouring through a filter. The crystals are then dried by
evaporating the TOLUENE with gentle heat or under a vacuum. Voila. Pure
METHCATHINONE-HCL.
METHOD 2
~~~~~~~~
That was the "ideal" method. The practical method is to dump the base/solvent
solution into a container, add an amount of DILUTE HCl, shake, shake, shake,
measure pH, if it is greater than 7 (pH above 7 is basic), add more acid,
shake, shake, shake, and check pH again. Keep it up until the pH is low,
staying well below 7 (pH below 7 is acidic), then remove the solvent layer and
keep for reuse. Add BAKING SODA to the water layer a little at a time until it
stops bubbling when more is added. Check the pH, make sure it is 7 (neutral)
or higher. The water is now evaporated away on non-plastic plates or pans and
the dried METHCATHINONE HCL can be scraped off with a razor blade. The
METHCATHINONE HCl has a trace of SODIUM CHLORIDE (TABLE SALT) and an even
smaller trace of SODIUM BICARBONATE (BAKING SODA). The BAKING SODA combines
with the excess HCl to become TABLE SALT. This practical method avoids the
mess of producing HCl gas. HCl is a white gas that burns your eyes and nose
really badly should you breathe it. It converts upon contact with water into
HYDROCHLORIC ACID, so if you don't want HYDROCHLORIC ACID in your eyes, nose,
lungs, don't breathe it!
Small amounts of TABLE SALT and BAKING SODA in the cat will go unnoticed. The
ideal method can be used if a source of compressed HCl GAS is found. It is
sold in lab cylinders by chem supply houses and is not watched by the DEA.
Just stick on a regulator, affix the rubber hose with a glass extension for
submersion in the solvent, and open the valve to expel the gas through the
solvent to produce PURE cat HCl.
_____________________________________________________________________________
SUMMARY
~~~~~~~
Ephedrine is oxidized to produce methcathinone. The methcathinone is then
converted to the free base for separation from the rest of the unwanted crap
mixed with it. The free base dissolves in toluene and not in water whereas the
unwanted crap dissolves in water and not in toluene. Since water and toluene
separate into 2 layers the toluene layer containing the cat free base is saved
and the water layer thrown out. The toluene could probably be evaporated
leaving crystals of cat free base which could probably be smoked but I haven't
heard of anyone smoking it nor have I heard of its effects on the human body.
The cat free base is converted to cat salt using dilute hydrochloric acid or
anhydrous HCL gas. Cat salt is soluble in water and not in toluene, just the
opposite of the free base. Using HCL gas the salt produced has no water layer
to dissolve in so it crystalizes out. Using dilute HCL the salt leaves the
toluene layer as before but has a water layer (the water diluting the HCL) to
dissolve in. This water layer is saved and the water evaporated, leaving
methcathinone-HCL.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Sources of items:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
EPHEDRINE pills- Sadly, GNC (General Nutrition Centers) corporate stores no
longer carry "Revive" (ephedrine-HCL pills). The franchise stores are selling
what they have left in stock and will no longer carry the straight ephedrine
pills. They will only carry the crap with guaifenesin added. It looks like
mail order will be the only possible source. Anybody ordering through the
mail will probably have their name and address recorded and possibly sent to
the DEA.
TOLUENE- Available at most hardware stores. One brand is called "Toluol" from
Parks. TOLUENE is also called METHYLBENZENE.
LYE- Available at most hardware stores. Even Safeway has it. One brand is
"Red Devil Lye" which is used to unclog grease clogs in drains.
CONCENTRATED HCL and CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID are pretty cheap. When bought
in 2-liter bottles (reagent grade) they're about $20 each. HCl, also called
MURIATIC ACID, is available as a concrete cleaner in most lumber yards. Also
used to adjust pH in swimming pools. H2SO4, aka Battery Electrolyte,
obtainable in quart to 5-gallon size containers from automotive supply
houses. This is a dilute acid which must be concentrated by pouring into
large pyrex containers and boiling the water off for many minutes. It has
reached the point of 98% concentration when the liquid stops boiling and
starts fuming off with the release of white clouds of gas (SO3, SULFUR
TRIOXIDE). Bottle while still hot as conc. H2SO4 is hygroscopic (it sucks
water out of the air and becomes dilute again). DO NOT BREATHE SO3 GAS! It
eats out your lungs, just as HCl GAS does.
CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE (CHROMIC OXIDE) (CrO3)- Very common oxidizer. Comes in
powder form. Less than $20 for 100 grams. Since it can be recycled, someone
would never have to purchase large quantities of it. Enough to use as a
reagent and a supply to supplement the losses incured during use would be
enough.
Glass tubing- About $2 per tube (1/4 inch) at chemistry supply outlets. Bent
into different forms slowly and carefully while heating with blow torch.
Glass tubing also used in salt water aquariums. Also for neon signs. Many
sources for glass tubing from veterinary to dairy, from industrial to hobby.
Easy to find if you know how to look.
_____________________________________________________________________________
CREDITS
~~~~~~~
"Secrets of Methamphetamine Manufacture" by Uncle Fester was used as a
reference. Information about it is in the beginning of this article.
Technical assistance was provided by Steve J. Quest.
_____________________________________________________________________________
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: andersom@spot.Colorado.EDU (Marc Anderson)
Subject: Re: Info on methcathinone
Message-ID: <1993Jul1.222440.8062@ucsu.Colorado.EDU>
Date: Thu, 1 Jul 1993 22:24:40 GMT
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
[some text deleted -cak]
medline only has two entries for 'methcathinone', both of which follow:
- -marc
andersom@spot.colorado.edu
- ---------- cut here ---------
AU - Glennon RA
AU - Yousif M
AU - Naiman N
AU - Kalix P
TI - Methcathinone: a new and potent amphetamine-like agent.
AB - The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the effect of
N-monomethylation of phenylisopropylamine derivatives on amphetamine-
like activity. In tests of stimulus generalization using rats trained
to discriminate 1.0 mg/kg of (+)-amphetamine from saline, the N-
monomethyl derivatives of 1-(X-phenyl)-2-aminopropane, where X = 2,4-
dimethoxy (2,4-DMA), 3,4-dimethoxy (3,4-DMA), 2,4,5-trimethoxy
(2,4,5,-TMA), and 2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy (MMDA-2), did not
produce amphetamine-appropriate responding at the doses evaluated.
However, the N-monomethyl derivative of cathinone (i.e.,
methcathinone), like cathinone, resulted in stimulus generalization.
Further studies with this agent revealed that (a) in the amphetamine-
trained animals, methcathinone (ED50 = 0.37 mg/kg) is more potent
than racemic cathinone or racemic amphetamine (ED50 = 0.71 mg/kg in
both cases), (b) methcathinone is capable of inducing release of
radioactivity from [3H]dopamine-prelabeled tissue of rat caudate
nucleus in a manner similar to that observed with cathinone,
amphetamine, and methamphetamine, and (c) methcathinone is more
potent than cathinone as a locomotor stimulant in mice as determined
by their effect on spontaneous activity. The results of the present
study provide evidence for a structural analogy between the
prototypic psychostimulants amphetamine/methamphetamine and
cathinone/methcathinone, and lend further support to the concept that
amphetamine and cathinone correspond in their pharmacological
effects.
SO - Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1987 Mar;26(3):547-51
DP - 1987 Mar
TA - Pharmacol Biochem Behav
PG - 547-51
IP - 3
VI - 26
IS - 0091-3057
UI - 87204443
AU - Goldstone MS
TI - 'Cat': methcathinone--a new drug of abuse [letter]
AB - [No Abstract Available]
SO - JAMA 1993 May 19;269(19):2508
DP - 1993 May 19
TA - JAMA
PG - 2508
IP - 19
VI - 269
IS - 0098-7484
UI - 93253905
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The Methcathinone Project, West Coast.
--------------------------------------
I guess it all started when I heard about a new drug craze that had just been
detected in Michigan by the local authorities. I'd say it was somewhere around
the middle of 1993. A year ago I'd been diagnosed with ADHD, also known as
hyperactivity, and I wondered if I couldn't make CAT and use it to help me with
school in the same manner Ritalin and other amphetamines are used.
I decided to look into the matter - methcathinone sounded like speed. All I
had to go on was that it was made from ephedrine, and that it was named
methcathinone. I could find no other references to the compound.
One day, by chance, as I was looking up the entry for Phenpropanolamine, the
active ingredient in Dexatrim, I noticed that one of its isomers was sometimes
called cathine. Hmm - that sounds familiar - and being that 'cathine' is an
alcohol of sorts, its ketone complement might just be named cathinone!! Combine
this with the fact that ephedrine is none other than n-methyl cathine, and it
becomes obvious: one simply needs to oxidize the hydroxyl group of ephedrine
to a keytone to produce methcathinone.
As all things go in organic chemistry, this required a few tries - I was coming
up with a novel synthesis of my own... which would have been much easier had I
knew then what I do now ;)
My first attempt involved Ephedrine bought at an outrageous price from the
local GNC mart, which incedentially no longer carries them. I extracted the
ephedrine and then added potassium dichromate solution. Nothing happened. Well
shit, this is uncool. I turned around and grabbed a chick who was in my organic
chem class, and asked her - say, what do you use to oxidize a secondary alcohol
if dichromate doesnt work? She suggested potassium permaganate, so I chucked
some in. Soon enough, I smelled something sweet. "Ketones smell sweet, right" I
asked.
"Yes - almost always"
"Does this smell like a keytone to you?"
"Yes. What is it?"
I then preceded to diagram the whole damn structure for it. She just looekd at
it and said wow. I've actually gone up to instructors there with the structure
for amphetamine written on a piece of paper with dl-phenylalanine next to it,
and just looked at them and said "how would I make this go to that, i've been
curious about some naturaly processes occuring in some plants" and they give me
a full working synthesis for the reduction of amino-acids. They know so much
method but do not recognize a drug for what it is - I am the exact opposite of
this - full of wonder and questions but never the right answers.
In any case, I added way to much permaganate, and the solution turned black
when I attempted to dry it. I had a working synthesis, as evidenced by the
odor, but not a GOOD one. Because of the price of Ephedrine, and my lack of
credit cards for mail order, I turned to the popular nasal-decongestant
pseudephedrine for further research - there was tons of it lying around the
house, and it's reletively cheap, ranging from $3 per 100 for really cheap
generic to $14 for brand-name "Sudafed".
This is apparently where a twist of fate unique to me occured - I ended up
developing a synthesis that apparently will NOT work with ephedrine (I have
only tried twice and both times produced lots of ephedrine)
I was pleased with permaganate as an oxidizer - it was strong as far as
oxidizers go - and plentiful. vey lab on campus, even the biology labs, had a
shitload of it - entire jars just lying around. I took maybe 50 grams of the
stuff - and to this day have used very little of it. You see, I noticed a
strange thing while I was synthisizing cat... The less KMnO4 I used, the better
the synthesis seemed to work! I ended up using about 1/5th what I needed in
theory to produce optimal results. I'm still not sure why, but I suspect the
solution somehow pulls oxygen out of the air (understandable) and then uses it,
with KMnO4 only initiating the reaction.
My final synthesis and extraction involved washing the tablets with a paper
towel soaked in PUREFIED WATER (using pure, not tab, water seems very important
here. Mineral water will work, but not tap - I suspect chlorine is somehow
involved in this inhibition of the reaction as I can smell chlorine when I take
a shower) then smashing them in pure water until well mashed, then boiling in a
microwave. I'd remove the boiling solution, and add about 5mL of HCl obtained
from "jasco concrete cleaner" for every 3g of pseudephedrine. I'd stir the
mixture, and then let sit until settled, bringing the top (liquid) layer off
with a turkey baster and discarding the filler.
To this somewhat red solution, I added KMnO4, already disolved. A rediculously
small amount - it *IS* needed, and the more you use the faster the reaction
goes. I still don't know how much is optimal, but I used a few drops of what
from a mixture i'd made with about .5 Molar concentration. Then I boiled this
repeatedly for 10 minutes in a microwave, and dried the stuff out to a powder.
By doing an 'acetone wash' I was able to get a flaky crystal/powder. The
acetone wash consists of nothing other than pouring acetone over the dried
stuff, swishing around very well, and then discarding the acetone (cat HCl wont
disolve in acetone, at least not very well). The acetone removes the annoying
red color too!
The resulting powder proved quite addicting to rats when placed in a mixture
with peanut butter, and the rats had a deffinite preference for methcathinone -
consistently choosing methcathinone-laced peanut butter over both peanut-
butter, sugar-laced peanut butter, and pseudephedrine and ephedrine-laced
peanut butter. With some methamphetamine obtained from a semi-reliable source,
I determined that methcathinone was about twice as likely to cause convulsions
per miligram - however the methamphetamine *may* have been 'cut' or merely
amphetamine, etc - in mice. The time had come for a human trial.
I orally took a dose of about 20mg or so, mixed with orange juice to mask the
annoying alkaloidal taste. In about 30 minutes I felt quite speeded up. Like
I'd taken around 400-600mg of Caffeine when I hadn't had ANY in weeks! Only the
high was more pleasant. Hmm - spiffy - this was not the reaction I had
anticipated - previous experience with both ephedrine and amphetamine had left
me feeling relaxed and ready to pay attention. Methcathinone made me uppity,
and restless. I wanted to party and drive fast all around town, etc.
I gave some to a friend, who snorted it. This was the first time methcathinone
was snorted in all of california to my knowledge - bear in mind that at this
time the recipe was not on the internet and was selling for over $100 from
person to person - a wholely different and much more difficult recipe it turns
out.
So I smoked some out of a test tube we had lying around. I simply stuck it in
the bottom of the tube with enough NaHCO3 to neutralize the solution. The
compund dried and began to produce vapors. I stoppered the tube with my finger,
allowing little gas to escape, until the tube was full of vapor and my thumb
was hot. I took a hit - and felt more awake instantly, but not all that great
of an effect.
Then I snorted some. I think it was at this point that I became 'instantly
addicted.' Users everywhere - everyone I gave it to - seemed to agree -
unlike cocaine, snorting methcathinone is by far the strongest route to your
bodies system (no one was dumb enough to try injecting it, but that'd probably
be stronger yet).
I never stayed up for three or four days on it, like other people did, but I
think its the ADHD behind that. If I did more than a line or two, it had a
reversing effect, making me just jittery, irritated, and unable to concentrate.
One line worked best - I was more energetic and bouncy, still not really able
to focus my attention, but very hyper and happy. I still managed to screw up my
life, however, and got kicked out of my house and started living in my car,
synthesizing cat wherever I could find a microwave and a hairdryer to dry it.
Eventually I became quite paranoid, and was checked into an institution by my
still unsuspecting parents.
They listened to me talk, and piss-tested me. Nope, no drugs (methcathinone was
not tested for - they thought I was making speed or a lot of nothing?) and
proceeded to diagnose me as "Schizoaffective Bipolar". They said the next day
I'd be getting Haldol to sedate me, but that I should just go to sleep in a
room. I thought - hey, downers, cool, prescription ones too - and said lemme
have it now. OOPS. -->never ask for antipsychotic medication, it makes you feel
like shit evey time, unless you are psychotic or something naturally <--
For the next couple of days, I was really too damn sedated to argue with them
about my condition, nodding out all the time and not being able to even slighly
think. I was too sedated to even realize that Haldol was the cause of the
problem and kept taking it like a meat-head, even though I was admitted on a
voluntary basis (I thought - hey - free food and a bed! I was a total meat-
head) and had the right to refuse medication. Lucky for me, the side-effects of
Haldol and its compliment-drug, cogentin, which is supposed to prevent side
effects, made me totally unable to piss. They had to take me off of it, and
they put me on 'Risperidol', a new, fucking-expensive antipsychotic that is a
miracle-drug for people with schizophrenia, but still useless for normal
people.
I became lucid once again, and started talking with the doctors. Once I had
totalyl confused the psychologists, and the psychiatrist realized I knew more
about brain-chemistry and chemical receptors than he did, they finally listened
to the cat story. "Oh, he's an addict, and he just had whats commonly called
'amphetamine psychosis'" YEP.
They kept me on the nut-bin side for another week, just to be safe anyways. It
was the most boring time of my life. Then they took me off of the Risperidol
and sent me over to their rehab-center, across the street.
I learned a lot about my family there, but no-one knew what I had gone thru,
because, quite frankly, all the speed-freaks were the type who stay up for 5
days straight (like michigan cat-freaks you read about now) and the few other
people with ADHD there were primarily abusers of downers - typical to ADHD.
I've always found loopholes all my life, and I had to find a stimulant (other
than caffeine) that still fucks up people with ADHD... silly me.
They put me on Ritalin once they determined I could be trusted with it. I hated
it - Ritalin made me feel drowsy all the time. Every once in a while I stuck
the damn thing under my tounge and then gave it to a woman who was there for
intermitant amphetamine abuse and chronic depression. She loved the damn things
to bits. Of course, she didn't have ADHD either...
Eventually I got out of rehab, and moved to Oxnard. I stayed cat-free. Then my
room burnt down and I lived in the garage for two weeks. That sucked. After
that, I moved to Ventura.
And upon meeting a few of my old friends, decided to intrduce them to cat too.
I used it again myself - for two weeks, on a much lesser scale and more
regularly. I decided I would 'control myself'. The funny thing is, I did. very
morning I took a line, and then again in the middle of the day. Of course,
eventually this wasn't enough, but for some odd reason, instead of doing more I
thought that I had screwed up the recipe (I hadnt) and threw the cat away!
At this point, me and many others observed something startling. Brand-name
'Sudafed' when ground up smells faintly of methcathinone! None of the other
decongestants had this property. Whether this is an accident or not, Burroughs
Wellcome should look into it. On the other hand, maybe that's why people will
pay $14 for sudafed instead of $3 for suphedrine.
I went into the deepest depression of my life two days later. It lasted about 3
or 4 days. I mean, I couldnt even move - I was too depressed to eat or even
think about doing something as complicated and involved as say, committing
suicide. I just layed on the couch, to depressed to watch tv, and tried to
sleep. I musta slept about 20 hours a day. Funny, I didnt attribute this to
withdrrawl either, but stopped using cat anyways. It took me about another
week, when I looked back at myself, to realize what had happened.
I haven't done cat since. Cat is a unique drug, and I hope someone studies its
receptor-binding affinities and its effect on dopamine and serotonin reuptake
so that I may learn why it and it alone had such a dramatic effect on me. A
drug with a similar profile, bupropion, has a tert-butyl group where the methyl
is and a chlorine in the 4 position of the benzene ring... this drug is called
Wellbutrin and I take it for my ADHD now - it seems to be a balance between the
effects of cat and the effects of ritalin. The only thing I regret about
wellbutrin is its smell - which occasionally reminds me of cat.
Chemical structures:
_____ _____ OH _____ O
/ \ H H H / \ ! H H / \ ! H H
< 0 >--C--C--N < 0 >-C--C--N < 0 >-C--C--N
\_____/ H ! H \_____/ H ! H \_____/ ! H
HCH HCH HCH
H H H
amphetamine phenpropylamine cathinone
(dexedrine, benzedrine (also known as cathine (found in the Khat
and adderall contain) and ingredient in herb, commonly used
Dexatrim and many by many Serbians)
decongestant pills)
H H H
_____ HCH _____ OH HCH _____ O HCH
/ \ H H / / \ ! H / / \ !! H /
< 0 >--C--C--N < 0 >-C--C--N < 0 >-C--C--N
\_____/ H ! H \_____/ H ! H \_____/ ! H
HCH HCH HCH
H H H
methamphetamine pseudephedrine -or- methcathinone
(Desoxyn, Methadrine ephedrine (depending (aka ephedrone,
'speed', 'crystal' on position of hydroxyl) 'jeff', 'cat')
(Sudafed, Suphedrine)
(Maxilert, Mini-thins)
there is no legitimate medical use for either cathinone or methcathinone.
H H
HCH HCH
\ /
_____ O C bupropion (Wellbutrin)
/ \ !! H / \
< 0 >-C--C--N HCH an anti-depressant that smells
\_____/ ! H H kind of like cat, and is useful
/ HCH in ADHD because of its ability to
Cl H block dopamine reuptake.

609
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From: an26424@anon.penet.fi (Badsector)
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1993 15:20:21 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Methcathinone Info
Methcathinone ("Cat") / Ephedrone ("Jeff").
===========================================
Initially reported as a street drug in the former USSR as ephedrone
[1]. Reports of the use of "Jeff" leading to "numerous" overdose deaths
were, it seems, covered up by the former Russian authorities. It has been
banned in the USA after several labs were seized in Michigan. It was sold
as "Cat", presumably named after the African shrub Khat (catha
edulis), which contains cathinone [2]. Methcathinone is related to
cathinone as methamphetamine is related to amphetamine, i.e. by
N-methyl substitution.
Reliable reports of effects in humans are not known to me. A recent short
letter [4] in the Journal of the American Medical Association seems to me to
simply to repeat assertions made in the American popular press. In the letter,
it is said that users describe "Cat" as better than cocaine and meth.
"Typical" doses are described as 0.5-1g and the effects described as lasting
six days.
This seems to me to be unlikely. What has been reported may well be
equivalent to high dose, methamphetamine abuse on the "speed freak" pattern
and is probably *not* typical.
Animal studies [2] suggest methcathinone has ED50 of 1.9uM/kg
(0.39mg/kg) , when compared to cocaine's 7.6uM/kg (2.6 mg/kg). This would
make it *more* potent than cocaine by six times in the rat and
suggests the human figure of ten times cocaine potency in the human reported
on USENET as been given on Belgium television is not unrealistic. Indeed, this
would put it in the same range as methamphetamine, which it may well closely
resemble.
Personal communication suggests it may well be simply equivalent to
methamphetamine. The bottom line may well be that most CNS stimulants
are the same, whether they be cocaine, methamphetamine, amphetamine,
4-methylaminorex or methcathinone. Differing the route of administration is
likely to have more effect. Smoking or injecting such drugs leads to rapid
build-up of the drug in the blood stream and an intense "rush". This route
is more dangerous from a toxicologic point of view and likely to lead to
compulsive use. Occasional oral use in social situations is likely
to be the least harmful. Some people may find CNS stimulants psychologically
addictive.
Synthesis [1]
A 2000-mL Erlenmeyer flask, equipped with a magnetic stirring bar, was
charged with methylene chloride (200 mL), acetic acid (10 mL) water (100 mL),
potassium permanganate (2g) and ephedrine hydrochloride (2g). The solution was
stirred at room temperature for 30 min. This was followed by the
addition of sufficient sodium hydrogen sulfite to reduce the
precipitated manganese dioxide. The aqueous phase was made basic
with 5N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the methylene chloride was
separated. The organic layer was extracted with 0.5N sulfuric acid
(H2SO4). Isolation of the acid layer followed by basification with
sodium bicarbonate and extraction with methylene chloride (50 mL,
three times), removed the product into the organic phase. The solvent
was concentrated by rotary evaporation, followed by column
chromatography through neutral alumina with methylene chloride.
Solvent removal through rotary evaporation produced a colorless
liquid which was disolved in hexane. Gaseous hydrochloric acid was
bubbled into the hexane to precipitate the amine hydrochloride to
produce a 1-g (50%) yield of 2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one
hydrochloride.
Ephedrone, like methamphetamine, processes one asymmetric center.
Depending upon the synthetic precursor, l-ephedrine (1R,2S) or
d-pseudoephedrine (1S,2R), the product expected would be d-ephedrone
(2S) or l-ephedrone (2R), respectively. However, depending on the
heat of the reaction or harsh extraction conditions the enolizable
ketone will result in a racemic d,l-ephedrone.
Synthesis [3]
A solution composed of 0.99g of sodium dichromate and 133g of
concentrated sulfuric acid dissolved in 4.46 cc of water is added
slowly with stirring to 1.65g of l-ephedrine dissolved in 4.7 cc of
water and 0.55 cc of concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature.
The mixture is stirred at room temperature for an additional 4 to 6
hours and then made alkaline with sodium hydroxide soloution. the
aqueous mixture is extracted with two volumes of chloroform and then
with two volumes of ether. The organic extracts containing the free
base of 1-a-methylaminoprophenone are combined, treated with an
excess of dry hydrogen chloride and the solvents evaporated. The
residual 1-a-methylaminopropiophenone hydrochloride is stirred with
petroleum ether, collected and purified by dissolving in ethanol and
reprecipitating with ether. m.p. 182-184 o C.
(1) Zingel, K.Y., Dovensky, W., Crossman, A. and Allen, A.,
"Ephedrone: 2-Methylamino-1-Phenylpropane-1-One (Jeff)," Journal of
Forensic Sciences, v. 36, No.3, May 1991, pp.915-920
(2) Young, R. and R.A. Glennon. "Cocaine-Stimulus Generalization to
Two New Designer Drugs: Methcathinone and 4-Methylaminorex"
Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 45(1) 229-231, 1993
(3) Glennon, R.A., Yousif, M., Kalix, P. "Methcathinone: A new and
potent amphetamine-like agent." Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav.
26:547-5451, 1987.
(3) British Patent, 768,772 (1954).
(4) Goldstone, M.S., "Cat - Methcathinone - A New Drug of Abuse" Journal
of the American Medical Association v269 no 19 p2508 (letter) 1993
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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From: cooper@hacktic.nl (cooper)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Ephedrine Derivatives
Date: 10 Oct 1993 14:12:39 +0100
Message-ID: <2991olINNo8m@xs4all.hacktic.nl>
dyer@spdcc.com (Steve Dyer) writes:
>In article <1993Oct9.200043.25880@news.yale.edu> potter@minerva.cis.yale.edu (Philip G. Potter) writes:
> >It is supposedly easy to make, using Ephedrine Hydrochloride (over the
> >counter stimulant) and other household chemicals. Do anyone have any
> >information on this.
>You've got to be kidding. You'd need a chemistry lab.
Well, a chemistry lab and some knowledge _might_ help, but hey, if you wanna
give it a shot, Here's howto: (well, at the end of this post, that is!
Oh this is the end huh?? Ok, here goes:
I've never tried this synthesis, and I can't be sure baout anything. However,
if your kitchen does not explode, and you have a good time anyway, lemme know.
Methcathinone
Preparing the ephedrine/pseudoephedrine solution:
Method A:
Add enough water to completely dissolve pure ephedrine or
pseudoephedrine.
Method B:
Wash sudaphed tablets in cold water until most (it's impossible
to get all of it) of the red coating is gone. Put the tablets
in hot water, heat them to boiling, and stir until the tablets
have completely dissolved. Filter off the liquid.
The amount of water the (pseudo-)ephedrine [I'll call it
ephedrine from now on for simplicity] is dissolved in is not too
important - it should be as little as possible, but at least as
much as the amount of sulfuric acid that is added later (to
insure to that the potassium dichromate dissolves).
To this aqueous mixture add 0.62 grams of potassium dichromate
for every gram of ephedrine in the solution. If you used
sudaphed tablets, figure by the theoretical amount in
solution (number of tablets X content of each tablet). Slowly
add 3ml Sulfuric for each gram ephedrine, stirring as you add
it.
Let react for 30-60 minutes. The color should go from a bright
red/orange to a dark color (a mixture of green and orange from
the two ionization states of the chromium).
Basify the solution with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution
until you see the solution become a bright green (green with a
white precipitate - the methcathinone). This happens above pH
8. Try not to add too much hydroxide (if you do the solution
becomes black and there is probably some decomposition of the
methcathinone).
Extract 3-4 times with naptha (add the naptha, shake it up,
pour off as much naptha as you can - but DON'T get ANY reaction
mixture in the extracts!). Use as much naptha as would equal
about 50-100 percent of the reaction mixture.
Quickly add the extracts to 25ml of hydrochloric acid, diluted
1 part 36% HCl to 4-5 parts water. Shake the mixture, extract
off the aqueous (lower) portion. This is an acid solution of
the methcathinone. [you may want to extract a second time with
HCl to get a slightly higher yield, a 3rd time adds nothing.]
Evaporate the mixture under low to medium heat (preferably
under a vacuum) until it becomes thick. Add acetone and stir
it a little. if the mixture doesn't become white (crystalline)
right away, it hasn't been evaporated enough. Continue
evaporating and adding acetone until it does. Be careful not
to burn the thick mixture (adding acetone helps keep the
temperature down).
After getting crystals/precipitate, cover the mixture tightly
and put in a freezer for 15 minutes. Remove from the freezer,
filter the crystals off and wash with a small amount of cold
acetone.
[If the crystals are less than white, you may want to purify
them by boiling and stirring them in acetone again, cooling
the mixture and refiltering as described above.]
The white crystals/powder is methcathinone HCL. I wouldn't
take more than 20mg for a first dose, and I wouldn't take it if
I had a history of heart disease or stroke in the family, or if
I had high blood pressure. Really, really habit forming. Very,
very pleasurable. BE CAREFUL. Don't introduce this stuff to
kids or sell it or I will personally hunt you down.
NOTES:
This synthesis is very forgiving. Substitutions of potassium
hydroxide for sodium hydroxide, sodium dichromate for potassium
dichromate and similar subsitution will not have an impact. I
wouldn't substitute anything for the sulfuric acid, however.
HCl is used to make the drug salt because it is so easy to
evaporate the excess off. Any method of making drug salts you
are familiar with should be satisfactory.
Ether works a little better than naptha, but it's more
dangerous. I stay away from it.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
--Cooper
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <051314Z09071994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an42976@anon.penet.fi
Date: Sat, 9 Jul 1994 05:11:24 UTC
Subject: Tips for CAT synthesis
Through experience I have compiled the following tips for ppl wanting
to do the CAT synthesis. It isn't hard, but the posted synthesis cannot
lead to good results becuase of certain ommisions. I don't know if these
were omitted deliberately as to stop non-chemists from completing it or
whether the author of the original article just forgot. In any case, here
are some things you should be aware of.
1) When dissolving the ephedrine don't use 'as little amount of water as
possible' as the instructions say. This will lead to a very thick reaction
mixture. When extracting with naphta this thickness will prevent separation
of layers. The naphta will stay in suspension and the naphta that does
separate will not contain high amounts of CAT. This leads to unacceptably
low yields. Use about 10 ml. of water per gram of dissolved ephedrine. Do
not use tap-water, get de-mineralised water. Trace amounts of minerals will
inhibit the reaction.
2) Add the sulphuric acid *very slowly*. If you don't, local concentrations
will get too high, causing the ephedrine to break down. Stir well while
adding the H2SO4.
3) This is the most important omission: The whole reaction mixture has to
be cooled while basifying it with Sodium hydroxyde. The heat developed
during this stage will cause practicaly all the CAT to break down if you
don't. The best way to cool it is as follows: Place the reaction mixture
in an ice-bath 10 minutes before adding the NaOH. Then, just before adding
the NaOH, chuck a handfull of salt over the ice (NOT in the reaction
mixture!) This will cause the temperature to drop another couple of
degrees, ensuring a good cooling.
4) Use a magnetic stirring device troughout the whole procedure.
5) When extracting the CAT from the naphta with the HCl use a 20%
solution in stead of the mentioned 10% (approx.)
6) When evaporating the excess amounts of water (preferably under vacuum)
do not let the temperature exceed 70 degrees C. (approx 150 F.) Again, the
high temperature would cause the CAT to disintegrate. :-(
If you follow these additional comments, you should be able to have success!
The anonymous chemist.
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_____________________________________________________________________________
MAKING CAT (METHCATHINONE)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For a more complete description of how cat is made read "Secrets of Meth-
amphetamine Manufacture" (Third Edition), available from Loompanics Unlimited,
PO Box 1197 Port Townsend, WA 98368 USA. Eye protection is needed and this is
done in a well-ventilated area. AT LEAST a year of college chemistry lab
experience is needed to realize the dangers involved here. This article is for
information purposes only.
Cat (METHCATHINONE) is made by oxidizing EPHEDRINE, while METHAMPHETAMINE is
made by reducing EPHEDRINE. Cat is best made by using CHROME in the +6
oxidation state as the oxidizer. Any of the common hexavalent CHROME salts
can be used as the oxidizer in this reaction. Some of these are CHROME
TRIOXIDE (CrO3), SODIUM or POTASSIUM CHROMATE (Na2CrO4), and SODIUM or
POTASSIUM DICHROMATE (Na2Cr2O7). All of these chemicals are very common.
CHROME TRIOXIDE is used in chrome plating.
First the chemist dissolves EPHEDRINE pills containing a total of 25 grams
of EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE or EPHEDRINE SULFATE in distilled water. EPHEDRINE
pills usually contain 25mg each of EPHEDRINE so 1000 pills would be needed.
Grinding them up isn't necessary. Let them sit overnight or shake the
solution hard for a while. When they're dissolved bring the solution to a
gentle boil while constantly stirring so none of it burns. As soon as it
starts boiling remove it from the heat and pour through 3 coffee filters
layered together to filter out the unwanted filler crap. Usually it is
necessary to hold the filters like a bag with the liquid that didn't go
through and gently squeeze to get the liquid to go through. The result is an
almost totally clear liquid which is the EPHEDRINE extract in water. Throw the
mush left in the filter away.
The EPHEDRINE extract is poured into any convenient glass container. Next,
75 grams of any of the above mentioned CHROMIUM compounds is added. They
dissolve easily to form a reddish or orange colored solution. Finally,
CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID (it usually comes as 96-98%) is carefully added.
If CrO3 is being used, 21 ml is enough. If one of the CHROMATES is being used,
42 ml is needed. These chemicals are thoroughly mixed together and allowed
to sit for several hours with occasional stirring.
After several hours LYE solution (1 part water, 1 part LYE) is very slowly
and carefully added dropwise with strong stirring until the solution is
strongly basic (pH 11 or more). This strong stirring is to make sure the cat
is converted to the free base.
Next, TOLUENE is used to extract the cat. Usually this is done with a sep
funnel (separatory funnel, which is a flask with a funnel-shaped bottom and
a stopcock (valve) on the very bottom. Sep funnels are used for separating
liquids by opening the valve on the bottom and letting the bottom-most layer
of liquid drain out.) but a regular glass bottle should be fine but using a
plastic cap wouldn't be good. For safety, the bottle would need to be "burped"
often anyway to make sure no gasses build up in it. A large eyedropper-type
tool could be used to efficiently remove the cat layer. A couple hundred ml's
of TOLUENE is added and the container is strongly shaken to make sure the all
of the cat free base gets into the TOLUENE layer. Shake until it resembles
milk (fine suspended globules of TOLUENE within the water layer). Shake really
hard, then allow it to separate. Insufficent shaking will result in poor yield
with some undissolved cat base remaining in the spent sludge layer. The
TOLUENE layer should be clear to pale yellow in color. The water layer should
be orange mixed with green. The green may settle out as a heavy sludge. The
water layer is thrown away and the TOLUENE layer is washed once with water and
then poured into another container. ("Washed" here means that water is added
and the mixture shaken again and separated. The cat free base stays in the
TOLUENE layer because it doesn't dissolve in water. Any remaining
water-soluble impurities are dissolved into the water layer and not the
TOLUENE layer and thus they're "washed" out.)
The cat free base now must be converted to cat salt (METHCATHINONE HCL).
Here are 2 methods for doing this.
METHOD 1
~~~~~~~~
Dry HCL gas is made and bubbled through the TOLUENE solution to turn the cat
free base into cat salt (METHCATHINONE HCL). A bottle is selected for holding
the gas-producing mixture and a 1-hole stopper will be put in the top of the
bottle. One end of a J-shaped glass tube (about 1/4 inch diameter) is pushed
into the stopper. This glass tube will reach from the top of the gas-producing
bottle down into the bottle holding the TOLUENE-cat mixture. It should reach
the bottom of the mixture. Usually a sep funnel is used to add SULFURIC ACID
to the gas-producing mixture through a second hole in the stopper to keep gas
flowing. If one doesn't have access to a sep funnel it should be possible to
take the stopper out of the gas-producing bottle just long enough to add a
little SULFURIC ACID when it's needed to keep gas flowing. Place 200 grams of
TABLE SALT into the gas-producing bottle. 35% CONCENTRATED HYDROCHLORIC ACID
(reagent grade) is added and they are mixed into a paste. The surface of the
paste should be rough with lots of holes poked into it for good gas
production. About 1 ml of CONCENTRATED (96-98%) SULFURIC ACID is added to the
paste. This dehydrates the HYDROCHLORIC ACID and produces HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
GAS (** DO NOT BREATHE THIS GAS! **). This gas goes out of the gas-producing
bottle through the glass tube and bubbles through the TOLUENE-cat solution
turning cat free base into cat salt. The cat salt should appear as crystals
and after a while the solution should be thick with them. The crystals are
recovered by pouring through a filter. The crystals are then dried by
evaporating the TOLUENE with gentle heat or under a vacuum. Voila. Pure
METHCATHINONE-HCL.
METHOD 2
~~~~~~~~
That was the "ideal" method. The practical method is to dump the base/solvent
solution into a container, add an amount of DILUTE HCl, shake, shake, shake,
measure pH, if it is greater than 7 (pH above 7 is basic), add more acid,
shake, shake, shake, and check pH again. Keep it up until the pH is low,
staying well below 7 (pH below 7 is acidic), then remove the solvent layer and
keep for reuse. Add BAKING SODA to the water layer a little at a time until it
stops bubbling when more is added. Check the pH, make sure it is 7 (neutral)
or higher. The water is now evaporated away on non-plastic plates or pans and
the dried METHCATHINONE HCL can be scraped off with a razor blade. The
METHCATHINONE HCl has a trace of SODIUM CHLORIDE (TABLE SALT) and an even
smaller trace of SODIUM BICARBONATE (BAKING SODA). The BAKING SODA combines
with the excess HCl to become TABLE SALT. This practical method avoids the
mess of producing HCl gas. HCl is a white gas that burns your eyes and nose
really badly should you breathe it. It converts upon contact with water into
HYDROCHLORIC ACID, so if you don't want HYDROCHLORIC ACID in your eyes, nose,
lungs, don't breathe it!
Small amounts of TABLE SALT and BAKING SODA in the cat will go unnoticed. The
ideal method can be used if a source of compressed HCl GAS is found. It is
sold in lab cylinders by chem supply houses and is not watched by the DEA.
Just stick on a regulator, affix the rubber hose with a glass extension for
submersion in the solvent, and open the valve to expel the gas through the
solvent to produce PURE cat HCl.
_____________________________________________________________________________
SUMMARY
~~~~~~~
Ephedrine is oxidized to produce methcathinone. The methcathinone is then
converted to the free base for separation from the rest of the unwanted crap
mixed with it. The free base dissolves in toluene and not in water whereas the
unwanted crap dissolves in water and not in toluene. Since water and toluene
separate into 2 layers the toluene layer containing the cat free base is saved
and the water layer thrown out. The toluene could probably be evaporated
leaving crystals of cat free base which could probably be smoked but I haven't
heard of anyone smoking it nor have I heard of its effects on the human body.
The cat free base is converted to cat salt using dilute hydrochloric acid or
anhydrous HCL gas. Cat salt is soluble in water and not in toluene, just the
opposite of the free base. Using HCL gas the salt produced has no water layer
to dissolve in so it crystalizes out. Using dilute HCL the salt leaves the
toluene layer as before but has a water layer (the water diluting the HCL) to
dissolve in. This water layer is saved and the water evaporated, leaving
methcathinone-HCL.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Sources of items:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
EPHEDRINE pills- Sadly, GNC (General Nutrition Centers) corporate stores no
longer carry "Revive" (ephedrine-HCL pills). The franchise stores are selling
what they have left in stock and will no longer carry the straight ephedrine
pills. They will only carry the crap with guaifenesin added. It looks like
mail order will be the only possible source. Anybody ordering through the
mail will probably have their name and address recorded and possibly sent to
the DEA.
TOLUENE- Available at most hardware stores. One brand is called "Toluol" from
Parks. TOLUENE is also called METHYLBENZENE.
LYE- Available at most hardware stores. Even Safeway has it. One brand is
"Red Devil Lye" which is used to unclog grease clogs in drains.
CONCENTRATED HCL and CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID are pretty cheap. When bought
in 2-liter bottles (reagent grade) they're about $20 each. HCl, also called
MURIATIC ACID, is available as a concrete cleaner in most lumber yards. Also
used to adjust pH in swimming pools. H2SO4, aka Battery Electrolyte,
obtainable in quart to 5-gallon size containers from automotive supply
houses. This is a dilute acid which must be concentrated by pouring into
large pyrex containers and boiling the water off for many minutes. It has
reached the point of 98% concentration when the liquid stops boiling and
starts fuming off with the release of white clouds of gas (SO3, SULFUR
TRIOXIDE). Bottle while still hot as conc. H2SO4 is hygroscopic (it sucks
water out of the air and becomes dilute again). DO NOT BREATHE SO3 GAS! It
eats out your lungs, just as HCl GAS does.
CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE (CHROMIC OXIDE) (CrO3)- Very common oxidizer. Comes in
powder form. Less than $20 for 100 grams. Since it can be recycled, someone
would never have to purchase large quantities of it. Enough to use as a
reagent and a supply to supplement the losses incured during use would be
enough.
Glass tubing- About $2 per tube (1/4 inch) at chemistry supply outlets. Bent
into different forms slowly and carefully while heating with blow torch.
Glass tubing also used in salt water aquariums. Also for neon signs. Many
sources for glass tubing from veterinary to dairy, from industrial to hobby.
Easy to find if you know how to look.
_____________________________________________________________________________
CREDITS
~~~~~~~
"Secrets of Methamphetamine Manufacture" by Uncle Fester was used as a
reference. Information about it is in the beginning of this article.
Technical assistance was provided by Steve J. Quest.
_____________________________________________________________________________
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <124353Z31051995@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an267556@anon.penet.fi
Date: Wed, 31 May 1995 12:37:03 UTC
Subject: CAT synth help
I'm looking for some help with the cat synth posted on hyperreal.
I followed the cat procedure on hyperreal and when I bubbled hcl through
the mix the first time I got white paste that on further drying on a glass plate
turned to a yellow orange oil. Still works great but not as pretty. I think it is
the heat. The second and third attempt at bubbling hcl
through the mix all I got was a milky naptha(I'm using naptha instead of
acetone)
Precipitating the cat has been more succesful for me but the mix never gets
cloudy. I just continue washing out with naptha until I dry it.
Im no chemist but I follow direction well. However besides the above My yeild is way down.
The first few times I used 1000 30mg
pseudoephedrine HCL pills and only ended up with about 3.5 grams of cat.
Yeild has gotten worse with each attempt.
Anyone who has tried this care to critique my methods
1. 1000 pseudoephedrine HCL pills (30mg) disolved in 300ml water. Bring to a
boil,and let settle. Filter off some of the water leaving paste behind.
2. Add more water and repeat step 1. Filter off top and add to already
filtered material until the paste has no bitter taste to it..
I end up with about 800ml of water. I don't let the temp pass 50c so I don't really
boil the mix.
2.Add 20 grams potassium dichromate. stirring constantly.
This was hard to come by and unless I mail order it looks like I won't be able to get
any more of this. Someone mentioned photo supply but several calls in the bostonarea left me wondering if it is used for photography at all. None of the people
I talked to had it on thier list.
3.Slowly add concentrated sulfuric acid.
One method calls for 3ml per gram pseudoephedrine HCL (90ml)
another method says 42ml
I have tried both.
I add this slow enough to keep the mix temp below 50C.
4.leave this for several hours constantly stirring. It gets very hot from
the reaction.
5.Put container in ice bath and while stirring slowly add lye until strongly
basic (ph 11) stir this for 1 hour.
6.add naptha to the mixture in the sep funnel
and shake until my arms hurt ~2 minutes. Let settle and syphon off naptha.
repeat 4 times.
7.Put naptha in a sep funnel with 200 ml water and shake. Let settle
and pour off water.
8. bubble hcl gas through the naptha and filter crystals.
I make my own gas.
00g salt +30%hcl in a wide bottom flask. Slowly drip sulfuric acid into mix.
If i use muriatic acid for this I get many bubbles in the mix that
would eventually bubble into naptha/cat mix if not careful.
reagent grade hcl (harder to get) doesn't do this?
The first time I did the naptha clouded up and then crystals began to appear
Quite beautiful to watch. I used my vacuum settup to separate crystals and then
set crystals on glass plate to dry. They changed from white paste to
yellow/amber in color and seemed to evaporate to less than half a gram.
My second and third attempt was even less encouraging. All I got was milky
colored naptha with no precipate. That was another reason I thought heat was
destroying the cat but last night keeping the to 50c or below all I got was
a cloudy mix and after several minutes of bubbling hcl gas through it
there was no precipitate. Very frustrating.
Early attempts at this step I put the naptha/cat mix in a sep funnel,
added 30%hcl and shook till my arms hurt. Pour off the water/hcl and
evaporate under low heat.The instructions said to wait until it got milky,
put in freezer for 15 minutes, then filter off crystals and wash with naptha.
This was very difficult and time consuming. The mix never got milky and after
eventualy evaporating all the liquid I ended up with a dark colored paste
that would stay hard under heat but as soon as I removed it it became a
sticky paste again. From what I have read, (I have noone to discuss this
with) sulfuric acid will absorb the moisture in the air so I thought
prehaps there was still hcl in the mix and it was absorbing moisture
from the air. I'm only guessing. I would have thought the hcl would have
evaporated with the water/naptha mix leaving only the cat.
I have talked to two other people on the net but neither do more than ask
questions or agree with my methods. I must be missing something as my
yeild is so low and my results have been poor.
Also the cat high is really great. I don't know how much I do.
two small lines every so often until I start to buzz. When I do hit it though
it is a nice buzz. The cat did not give me a rush. I felt powerful, strong, euphoric
over the beauty of life. My mind could focus very well and seemed to be
able to connect abstract thought into coherent patterns. I am learning the
guitar in my spare time and under the influence of the cat I wrote several
songs. Sitting playing my guitar a melody would just leap from my fingers
and the words would pour out as if I were reading it from a script. Nothing
profound but enjoyable emotional music pouring out of me faster than
I could write it down... or was that the mushrooms Im growing...
Too much and my heart hits the hyway at well over 100bpm. Not to pleasant.
So the million dollar questions is what am I doing wrong?
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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: ralph@inter.NL.net (Ralph Moonen)
Subject: Re: CAT synth help
Message-ID: <D9G3D3.1Hy@inter.NL.net>
Date: Wed, 31 May 1995 13:41:26 GMT
an267556@anon.penet.fi writes:
>1. 1000 pseudoephedrine HCL pills (30mg) disolved in 300ml water. Bring to a
>boil,and let settle. Filter off some of the water leaving paste behind.
Boiling will decompose some of the ephedrine. Don't let it boil.
It will dissolve just fine, it just takes alittle longer.
>3.Slowly add concentrated sulfuric acid.
> One method calls for 3ml per gram pseudoephedrine HCL (90ml)
> another method says 42ml
42 ml is WAY OVER THERE!!! stick to 3, if it's concentrated. Else add
more. It's not critical, except you should go below Ph 3. (approx.)
Too acidic an environment will decompose your ephedrine and cat.
>5.Put container in ice bath and while stirring slowly add lye until strongly
>basic (ph 11) stir this for 1 hour.
Nope. Add lye untill mixture turns brright grrreen. This happens at around
Ph = 8. Adding more lye will do nothing, except make the next step more
difficult.
--Ralph

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From: cha@io.org (Canadian Hemp Assox)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Canadian Hemp Association
Date: 6 Jun 1994 03:07:55 -0000
Message-ID: <2su3ub$3ii@ionews.io.org>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Canadian HEMP Association
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Who are we?
A national organization to facilitate and promote the growth of
a hemp industry in Canada.
What is Hemp?
"Hemp is an alternative agricultural crop with significant
economic and environmental benefits for the Canadian
farming and Industrial communities."
Hemp, isn't that marijuana?
No.
Industrial hemp is a special low THC version
of the cannabis sativa plant grown for fiber and biomass.
It can not be used as an intoxicant.
Why Hemp?
Hemp is an alternative, renewable resource
capable of providing:
100% Tree-Free paper products.
All of our energy needs through biomass fuel production.
A stronger more durable textile, made from
100% natural fibers, grown without pesticides.
How can you help?
We are a non-profit environmental organization supported by
membership and donations from both the private and
business sector. Please join with us, and
help make a hemp industry in Canada, a reality.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
GOALS & OBJECTIVES
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Raise public awareness to the benefits of the hemp plant through
environmental, economical & medicinal avenues.
Promote the industrial cultivation of hemp using low THC seed for immediate
economic benefits. Bill C7 legalizes the commercial growing of hemp. Our
farmers now have an alternative, reliable cash crop to help end the
bankruptcy cycle.
Developing and maintaining the definitive library of hemp's past,
present and future.
Put Canada on the global map as a leader in environmental change,
and economic development. By growing hemp we are offering an alternative
sollution to our current economic problems while providing a renewable
resource that can be most beneficial to our environment.
Develop the C.H.A. into a respected organization in the
eyes of the public by maintaining a professional, structured and open
approach to the disemination of hemp information.
To work in harmony with other environmental organizations, the public,
and government in order to facilitate change. New economic resources
mean vast new employment opportunities.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public & Member Services
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Monthly newsletter detailing the advancement of the hemp quest. Filled with
news from around the globe, and helpful information on finding useful
hemp products.
Informational seminars for Universities, Colleges, High-schools, Hospitals and
Corporate Business.
A platform for government lobbying.
Hemp business and supplier connection / co-ordination services. Helping
entrepreneurs locate sources of products and outlets for new hemp merchandise.
Annual hemp festival to unite the world's hemp organizations and peoples
for networking, information sharing, live entertainment and lots of fun.
Featuring creative hemp workshops, guest speakers and much much more.
Information packages explaining the many uses of hemp. Along with strategies
and ideas you can use, to help us make legal hemp a reality.
BBS for electronic communications with other members. Online E-Mail,
Information packages, newsletters, and hemp conferences.
------------------------------------
What we are doing is environmentally friendly and economically realistic.
Robin Ellins
Coordinating Director
For more information dial (416) 977 - 4159 During regular business hours.
You can contact us snail mail: Canadian Hemp Association
312 Adelaide St. W. Suite 608
Toronto, ON
M5V 1R2
or write to cha@io.org

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Message-ID: <052314Z17091993@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an13187@anon.penet.fi (H-Man)
Date: Fri, 17 Sep 1993 05:16:50 UTC
Subject: Weil: LSD and Chromosomes
Hey all! I just read THE NATURAL MIND by Andrew Weil. Although it dealt
with ACID and MARIJUANA too much for my tastes, I typed up some EXCERPTS
that I thought you'd like.
|--########>-- H-Man --<########--|
pp. 44-46:
Retrospective studies are risky ways of framing hypotheses; they are fraught
with logical traps known to the ancients, and it is remarkable that men of
science still fall for them.
The saga of LSD and chromosomes is a case in point, for much of the evidence
was of this retrospective sort. The initial hypothesis, first reported in
1967, was based on the observation that LSD users seemed to have a higher
frequency of broken chromosomes in certain white blood cells (lymphocytes)
than "normal" persons (1). The _New England Journal of Medicine_ gave this
observation great prominence in an editorial titled, "Radiomimetic Effects
of LSD," suggesting that the drug mimicked radiation in its damaging effects
on genetic material. Evidence that was more circumstantial then appeared:
LSD was shown to affect chromosomes of cells growing in test tubes; a few
mothers who had used LSD gave birth to deformed babies. The scientific and
lay press gave all these findings front-page attention. The National
Institute of Mental Health eagerly seized upon and disseminated the new
information in a propaganda campaign against LSD. And, for a few months,
use of the drug appeared to decline.
But throughout this campaign, a number of facts were overlooked. First was
the total absence of any prospective studies supporting the hypothesis. No
one had tested the hypothesis in a legitimate way -- by looking at
chromosomes before exposure to the drug, giving the drug in a controlled
fashion, and then keeping watch on chromosomes. Second was the known fact
that many things affect chromosomal integrity, among them such common drugs
as aspirin and chlorpromazine (Thorazine) and recent viral infections. No
effort was made to control for these other factors in the clinical cases.
Third was the general problem of tissue-culture studies: cells growing in
test tubes do not behave the way cells do in the body. In addition, the
doses of LSD that caused visible changes in chromosomes of tissue-culture
cells were far higher than the doses living cells get when a person takes
an acid trip. Fourth, chromosomal breaks are seen in cells of all people;
the arguments turned on a statistical difference in frequency, not an
all-or-nothing difference, and the frequency of chromosomal breaks in
lymphocytes seems to correlate more directly with laboratory technique than
with other variables. (The technique of preparing lymphocytes to make
chromosomes visible is complicated and likely to produce factitious
changes.) Fifth, the lymphocyte is one of the only cells in which human
chromosomes can ever be seen under the microscope. Even if the changes were
real, they said nothing about the state of chromosomes in other cells (such
as reproductive cells). In fact, through the whole controversy no one
showed _why_ it was bad to have broken chromosomes in your lymphocytes. It
sounds bad, certainly, but one cannot say that it is bad without making a
number of shaky assumptions.
All of these logical flaws in the medical arguments against LSD were obvious
in 1967. They do not mean that the hypothesis should never have been
published, but surely it should not have been promoted by the medical
profession, the press, and the National Institute of Mental Health without
more thought. And it is significant that these logical flaws were first
pointed out in the _Berkeley Barb_ and other underground newspapers at least
eight months before the _New England Journal of Medicine_ voiced similar
doubts. The necessary prospective studies were not published until the end
of 1969 (2). Not surprisingly, they failed to demonstrate any relationship
between LSD use and chromosomal changes. They generated very little
national publicity.
This episode ought to be profoundly embarassing to journal editors and
government scientists. At one stroke it created an irreparable gap between
users of drugs and drug experts. Since 1968 I have not met a single user of
hallucinogens who will believe any reports of medical damage associated with
drugs, and the use of hallucinogens has never been higher.
(1) M. M. Cohen, K. Hirshhorn, W. A. Frosch, "In Vivo and in Vitro
Chromosomal Damage Induced by LSD-25," _New England Journal of Medicine_ 227
(1967), p. 1043.
(2) J. H. Tjio, W. N. Pahnke, A. A. Kurland, "LSD and Chromosomes: A
Controlled Experiment," _Journal of the American Medical Association_ 210
(1969), p. 849. For a recent review of the whole field, see N. I.
Dishotsky, W. D. Loughman, R. E. Mogar, W. R. Lipscomb, "LSD and Genetic
Damage," _Science_ 172 (30 April 1971), p. 431.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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From: cmullen@ocds.cs.oberlin.edu (Charles Mullen)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Cloud 9 Review
Date: 14 Oct 93 10:25:49
Message-ID: <CMULLEN.93Oct14102549@ocds.cs.oberlin.edu>
I don't know if all the questions have been answered in regards to cloud 9,
the alleged e substitute. I hardly have all the answers.. But what I do know,
is the following. Friday night two friends of mine tried cloud 9. One of them
was intoxicated from drinking about 6 or 7 beers. The other was sober. The
capsules that cloud 9 come in are huge. They swallowed the capsules and waited.
Within an hour they were both extremely sleepy, yet felt an urge to chat with
people at the same time. It was not in any way comparable to e, according to
both of them. Oh well.... Sorry about the bandwidth if you guys already know
all this.
--
Spencer Mullen .... OCMR 1555 Oberlin, OH 44074 .... 216.774.1633
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: coutsoft@cheshire.oxy.edu (Michael Coutsoftides)
Subject: Re: Cloud 9 Review
Message-ID: <1993Oct19.031123.21857@cheshire.oxy.edu>
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 1993 03:11:23 GMT
I don't think Clound 9 is GHB... it's a whole lot of organic material.
Ground up herbs and such... it didn't taste salty like GHB...
M.
=============================================================================
From: phase@cybernet.cse.fau.edu (Phase)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: cloud-9
Date: Mon, 28 Feb 94 19:15:37 EST
Message-ID: <qwFHic1w165w@cybernet.cse.fau.edu>
graham@cs.montana.edu (Jonathan Graham) writes:
> A friend of mine said that a couple of days ago, he was reading
> High Times and saw an ad for Cloud-9 by mail order. Does anyone know
> about its effects, side-effects, hazards, problems? He said that it is
> legal, but he wants to know if anyone has tried it and any other useful
> info. Anything that I could pass along to him would probably be most
> appreciated. Thanks in advance.
>
>
> -J.
>
A friend of mine has purchased and tried Cloud-9. I read the brocure
it's distributers mail out on request, and it's very vague and unspecific,
and it tries to make this herbal placebo sound like a good replacement
for MDMA. Not a chance...
He bought the caplets from a health food store, for around $10 a piece.
He said it produced a definate warmth sensation, but it was very minimal,
and that a cup of coffe was way more psychoactive. He said it was a total
waste of money, and he wouldn't take it in the future even if it was free.
It's a placebo "sugar-pill".
At that price, there's far more worthwhile herbs and synthetics to spend
my money on.
phase@cybernet.cse.fau.edu
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <082302Z10021994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an65129@anon.penet.fi
Date: Thu, 10 Feb 1994 08:15:12 UTC
Subject: CLOUD 9
Well I've heard a lot about people asking about cloud 9. I would
just like to tell you all that I have tried it and didn't notice a thing
once and noticed a little another time. The first time I tried it I went
to a rave and I felt real active and excited. The second time I sat
around my house and felt little more than awake. The people who make it
say that you have to get out and be real active for the stuff to work.
(It supposedly feeds off chemicals already in your body, like adrenaline
and stuff) Thats mainly what I've found. If anyone has any more direct
questions, just email me and I answer all of em.
BTW, I was talking to someone about it through email and I seemed to have
lost his address, If this was you then send me your address again.
(I think his name was Tom)
Bye bye.
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=============================================================================
From: an056@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Gregory Winer)
Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
Subject: Re: Cloud 9
Date: 4 Apr 1994 17:56:45 GMT
Message-ID: <2npkct$h0a@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>
[quoted text deleted -cak]
I've tried it...The experience was VERY similar to a caffine coctail
(caffine and ephidrine) dose. IMHO, It's nothing like "X". Save your
bucks, and buy some no-doze and mini-thins, if you're into that kinda
thing.
--
G. Winer =-=-=-= an056@po.cwru.edu
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <121310Z11041994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an80196@anon.penet.fi
Date: Mon, 11 Apr 1994 12:04:48 UTC
Subject: Cloud 9
>
>In article <98B1Jc3w165w@mindvox.phantom.com>, Thermodynamix (tdx@mindvox.phantom.com) writes:
>>Cloud 9 may be obtained from:
>> Advanced Research 2000
>> P.O. Box 494490
>> Redding, CA 96049
>> (916)223-2000
>>
>>
>>
>
>Okay so I called. You can order 10 capsules for $120. But before
>I or anyone else does this lets hear some personal testimonials.
>Anyone out there ever try this stuff???????
>
Okay, I called some time ago, and obtained the stuff.
My roomate with a friend tried a capsule each. Waited but nothing happened.
I tried two capsules, again nothing happened.
Did not even feel any stimulant effects ! A cup or two of coffee will
definately be stronger.
For all those posts with a stiry like : I met such and such at and she/he
couldn't stop smilling .... etc, etc... FOAF said she/he was on
*some new pill* called Cloud ...
These stories are : a) a hoax to make people on the net get interested
or
b) confused reviews since some clubs throw parties
under names like "white cloud", or cloud whatever.
At these usually all dress in pure white ( as opposed
to the pure black of the 80's) and take X and
generally have lots-and-lots of fun.
So, I recommend to perspective buyers to beware.
Actually I am surprised
that almost none on the net has relayed any personal tries of this
hoax, of cloud 9 passing as a XTC substitute. On the bright side none has
said anything positive either.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
From: hawks@benji.Colorado.EDU (andy)
Subject: Re: Cloud 9
Message-ID: <hawks.766168310@benji.Colorado.EDU>
Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 16:31:50 GMT
[quoted text deleted -cak]
There was that front page story in the Colorado Daily you might
(should) have read about two weeks ago...If I remember correctly, of
the four or so people who were willing to share their xperiences with
Cloud 9 bought at Nootrophia or Ground Zer0 in Boulder, one person
just felt sick after taking one or two capsules, one person reported
empathogen-like effects after taking it for three days continuously,
one person didn't notice anything . . . .
I had been wanting to take it after first hearing about it On The
Hill, and then right after that it's populartity exploded wheen it
started showing up on rave flyers at Wax Trax. Soon after that was
when the Colorado Daily front-page article appeared, and the police
said they were going to do their tests on it and I'm sure the Daily
will publish what the plice want to say about it (if that's worth
anything). Odds are they'll just say "it's a bunch of natural stuff
which you could mostly get at Alfalfa's or Wild Oats market and so any
effects that compare to those of ecstacy are largely psychosomatic."
I would suppose it would be extremely dissappointing to get one's
hopes up for this shit, especially anyone who's had any experience
with any of the designer drugs it's supposed to mirror (but mild
enough to be legal), like ecstacy. TSS. I think the interest in
Cloud 9 is from the same group of people who approach lsd with that "i
would but i want to do it naturally, so i'll do shrooms instead of acid"
mindset, just replace ecstacy with acid and Cloud 9 with shrooms.
But, of course, the parallel is flimsy at best, since not only or lsd
and shrooms fairly different, but ecstacy and Cloud 9 are not even on
tthe same level of intensity with each other.
Here's a reprint of Nootrophia's flyer on Cloud 9, for what it's
worth. It's vague, promotional, meant to sell the stuff, probably
doing mmore harm than good:
NOOTROPHIA PRESENTS CLOUD 9
The Next Level of Conciousness
o Cloud 9 is a natural supplement, which has a dramatic stimulating
effect. Each capsule is 850 mg.
o Could 9 is a natural herbal extract formula imported from the high
mountains of Tibett and Siberia.
o It is 100% organic, legal, safe and is registered as a food
supplement. No, there are no known side efffects. (There are no
claims or refunds of this product).
o It gives people a natural, safe and fulfilling alternative, which
will improve the scene, [rave scene, if it can still be called
that, I guess] and good health of all Americans.
o Cloud 9 is currently being sold in the US, UK, France, Australia,
and sooon Tokyo. Nootrophia is proud to offer a new way to aprty
in Colorado.
"I dig this stuff, it feels like an incredible euphoria! It's
antural, oorganic, and safe. What more could yoou want to improve the
scene?" -F.P. Hollywood Hills, CA
"The best part about Cloud 9 is you feel great the next day, unlike
the crash X can give you." -B.Z. Sydney, Australia
"I'm a promoter here in the UK and it's been a pleasure to see people
changing over to Cloud 9 at the events here, we feel that it is about
time for a product l;ike this to come about without harmful side
effects." -P.G. London, UK
"I was skeptical at first when I heard about Cloud 9, but after
experiencing it I'm a lifetime distributor and consumer." -S.R.
Hosuton, TX
"I just didn't want to stop dancing. What a great feeling." -M.C.
Denver, CO
The Designed Effects Are:
1) Warm Sensation
2) Energy Rush
3) Creates Euphoria
4) Enhanced male & female sexual responses
5) Enhances all five senses
There ar no refunds on this product.
--
andy
=============================================================================
From: tiffanyde@urvax.urich.edu (Derek Tiffany)
Newsgroups: alt.rave
Subject: Re: Cloud 9
Message-ID: <1994Apr12.074849.26505@gossip.urich.edu>
Date: 12 Apr 94 09:51:58 GMT
[quoted text deleted -cak]
I have talked to about 5 people who have tried it...and no one has ever
gotten anything out of it...that's all I know...
later days and sunny rays,
-----------------------+---------------------------+-------------------------
Derek Tiffany | TIFFaNydE@urvax.urich.edu | This space for rent
University of Richmond | djt0u@aurora.urich.edu |<= djt{zero}u@aurora...
-----------------------+---------------------------+-------------------------
or just plain derek if you prefer
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.rave
Subject: RE: Cloud 9
Message-ID: <2oeud0$8dv@carina.unm.edu>
From: xstatic@unm.edu (greggory kevin sandovalotecon)
Date: 12 Apr 1994 13:56:16 -0600
As I mailed kotobi@unm.edu, Cloud 9 is total and complete CRAP!
I saw an ad for it in Sin and I thought it would be cool to try out,
since I was running a smart bar in the city at that time. I called the info
line and left my name and phone number as requested and recieved a return phone
call at about 8:00 p.m. the following day. I talked to a very nice lady on
the phone and she described her product and how they were looking to find a
distributor for our area, because they didn't have one yet. They offered to
sell us a 100 count bottle for $5 a piece, the 'wholesale' price, I guess. I
thought to myself, "Damn! That's a lot of money!" But we said it was too
expensive and declined her offer.
I receieved another call back with another offer for a 10 count bottle
for $30 + shipping. Some friends and I accepted and recieved the bottle three
days later. We decided to give it a try at the Halloween rave. Well, one friend
got completely sick, flushed and generally irratated. Another got nothing at
all, no 'increases energy, mild euphoria, increased sexual response,' NOTHING!
I took it and was milded irratated, kinda like a niacin flush, and a bit
sick.
Later that week, I opened up one of the capsules I had left to see
what was in it. It looked and smelled EXACTLY like the ephedra that Durk &
andy use in their 'Thermogen Tea' formula. The powder was a fuzzy brown and
smelled vaguely spicey.
My guess is all it is is EPHEDRA and maybe some ginseng or kava kava.
It's not worth $15-$20 a pop, especially when they recommend taking TWO pills.
I suggest locating some Mini Thins and taking some of those before you take
'the legal alternative to MDMA.' Its better and a hell of a lot cheaper! Don't
buy the sale pitch that its a cot effective alternative to Ecstasy. It's a
complete RIP-OFF! You're probably better off buying from the shadey E-dealer
than you are from the Cloud 9 peddler. At least you might wind up with
something good from the dealer!!
Another alternative I've found that works is 'Happy Camper' available
from any GNC store at the mall. It comes in a nice happy yellow,green and red
bottle of 60. It's got kava kava, gotu kola nut, siberian ginseng, guarana?
and other natural stimulants that really work! Take about two or three and if
like it share with yer friends! A couple of those, a smart drink with
l-phenylalanine and you'll be better off than taking that crap Cloud 9 stuff.
Spread the word about this product: SAY NO TO CLOUD 9 !!!
Peace, love & respect,
Gregg S
DJ Intensity
xstatic@carina.unm.edu
p.s. massive SHOUT 2 all the 'ardcore Junglistic massives! Hold it down!
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.rave
From: hannon@rintintin.Colorado.EDU (HANNON PADRAIC I)
Subject: Re: Cloud 9
Message-ID: <hannon.766217799@rintintin.Colorado.EDU>
Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 06:16:39 GMT
It took Cloud 9 about a month ago, and except for a BRIEF burst of energy
similair to honey it did nothing, especially at $15 a pop. Take X instead
it definatly is not an alternative or a substitute in any way shape or form.
Paddy
hannon@ucsub.colorado.edu
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.rave
From: zichi@spot.Colorado.EDU (Yogi)
Subject: Re: Cloud 9
Message-ID: <Co6xHw.AKL@cnsnews.Colorado.EDU>
Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 09:10:44 GMT
In article <2oeqv3$5jc@draco.unm.edu>, <kotobi@unm.edu> wrote:
>Hmm..That's interesting. The distributer at the rave was a company from
>Colorado I think, they were called Nootropics. They were passing out flyers
>for Cloud 9 as well as selling it. They also were selling something
>called Yohimbix. They said it was an aphrodisiac (sp?). I'm assuming
>it's yohimbine bark. Anybody have any experience with Cloud 9, Yohombix,
>or any other legal "drug" that is sold at raves? Please reply!
>
I was at the giveaway in Colorado when Nootropics was first trying
to market the stuff. After taking it, and talking to about another dozen
people at the club, we all agreed that it was EPHEDRINE (white cross).
From reading the other posts on here, I would surmise that this is
happening all over the nation. So, to sum it up for everyone who is
wondering:
Cloud 9 is BOGUS! Cloud 9 is EPHEDRINE!
=============================================================================
From: Dale Shin <ds7p+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Cloud 9
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 14:48:50 -0400
Message-ID: <EhghMGy00iV0A8Pn1y@andrew.cmu.edu>
Well, I did it with my friends last thursday. Boy, it was something.
It's not at all like ecstasy though. I tried x once and supposedly it
was more heroin than x so I guess I can't really say.
I took one dose, which is two capsules of cloud 9. I also took one
capsule of nirvana-6 which is supposed to boost/enhance the effects. I
was very skeptical after reading a post here that described a cup of
coffee being stronger. That is not altogether true, at least with me.
Later we smoked some sticks of tea and so this is cloud 9 together with
the effects of THC.
We did as prescribed, taking it on an empty stomach. I had lunch at
around one o'clock and took the pill at around six that evening. After
about an hour I started to feel something. First, I could feel a
strange weirdness in my stomach. Not butterflies, but kind of like the
feeling you get when you dose on acid and the first tremors of it affect
your stomach. The whole time I was on cloud 9 I also felt a nervous
tension I also get with acid. Except this was very low key. On acid,
my whole body tenses; my jaw and head especially. Cloud 9 did not do
that but gave a very similar tension emanating from my stomach at a very
low volume.
If I tilted my head back so I could look straight up at the sky and then
slowly face forward at a normal angle, my whole scalp tingled. Every
time I ran my fingers through my hair it plowed a path of tingling
sensations in my scalp. My other friends felt the same. I liked that a
lot. That was about the only physical sensation I noticed, that and my
stomach feeling strange. Later my stomach started to hurt a little, but
as soon as I started to talk again it went away. Later, the tingles,
which lasted about two hours, went away and then at one point my heart
seemed to beat with irregularity. It felt like my heart was being
overtaxed, kind of like heartburn but no burning sensation.
My friend took two doses, six capsules in all, and he felt all those
effects in the first half-hour. We were having a carnival at our school
and he felt sick after we rode the pirate ship which goes up and down
really high. I had the greatest time on it though, lifting my hands up
every time we went to the top. My friend though declined from riding
anymore after that.
We all had strange periods where our stomachs would start to hurt. But
if you keep talking, we found that it went away. You know, get your
mind off it then all will be better.
In terms of being an ecstasy substitue, nay I say. I did feel like
doing things instead of just sitting around and stuff but everyone else
seemed really beat. And I guess it could feel like the after effects of
an all nighter with coffee and vivarin. I am not going to try this
again. I don't think it's worth $20. In terms of mood, I felt good
however, but that's because I like anything that alters my brain even a
little bit. But if you're expecting some drastic things to happen,
you'll be disappointed. It does give you a light, tense feeling for
about seven hours.
I told my friends who weren't on it about the tingling scalp and they
just laughed saying it's not worth it. If you like your scalp to
tingle, then this is the drug ( I mean vitamins) for you.
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <214308Z05061994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an80196@anon.penet.fi (Xist)
Date: Sun, 5 Jun 1994 21:39:46 UTC
Subject: CLOUD 9? Is this stuff real?
ecto@babylon.montreal.qc.ca (Bradley J. Finlay) writes :
>
>I dunno if this is fer real or not. I don't know anyone personally that has
>taken it (you'd have to get it mail order here) but I've read in Project-X
>magazine that some of the staff took it and had various degrees of
>experiences. Everything from a tingling scalp to a small caffeine rush to
>nothing at all. It sounds to me that comparing it to 'e' is a bad idea.
>espresso might be better (and it's natural too!).
>
>ecto
According to my experiences and friends, CLOUD-9 is as good
as a placebo.
Nothing came on. Absolutely nothing. Not even caffeine-like
effects. Not even a mild stimulation. These are the results of
3-4 times of taking Cloud-9 myself and independent friends.
All pills came from the same Cloud-9 sealed bottle.
Try sugar next time, or parsley. Parsley you can smoke.
Caveat Emptor, or whatever.
Xist
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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OK, some of you experienced druggies are going to get a chuckle
from this. This is a description of my first trip. I grew up
in a real conservative environment. I always wanted to hallucinate
but I was real scared of LSD. After all, it causes chromosome
damage and a lot of the people that trip on it either jump out of
windows or end up in a permanent psychosis. Some of the lucky ones
that make it through the trip ok suffer from uncontrollable flash backs
for the rest of their life. Pretty scary stuff.
I never was around people that used psychedelics much. The few times
I had the opportunity, I was unable to find out enough about the
source and quality to put my ignorant self at ease. It seemed like
I was never going to get to have a psychedelic experience.
Well, I was surfing the net one day and decided to test the reach of
information contained on it. I was trying one exotic topic after
another in Yahoo. I was amazed at the knowledge contained on the net.
I decided to push it to the limit. I asked about psilocybin. To
my amazement, a few indexes to documents came back. I quickly
down loaded them and started studying them. I was astonished to find
out that the spores for Psylocybe mushrooms could be mail ordered
because the spores did not contain any controlled substances. And best
of all, there was no overdose for psilocybin.
It doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure out what I was thinking!
The net contained bits and pieces of information. I was able to learn
some of the basic concepts for growing shrooms but there was a lot
of uncertainty and contradictions in the information I had. I kept
increasing the depths of my searches on the topics. It eventually
became obvious that my best chance of success lay with Psylocybe
Fanaticus' method. I promptly ordered their Tek Notes and a spore
syringe.
I followed their directions and had cultures well under way soon enough.
But, I was frustrated with their humidification techniques. They did
not work for me even though I experimented like crazy. My job
involves doing research and development at a high tech. computer
company. I was determined to solve the problem and make it easy for
others with access to the net to succeed. I found a few people on the
alt.drugs news group that had vast mushroom growing experience and they
helped me with advice that got me over some of my initial problems.
I was going home in a few months on vacation to visit old buddies.
I told them I thought I was going to be able to bring some shrooms
so we could all trip together. They freaked with joy. I have a basic
personality flaw. Anything worth doing, is worth doing to excess.
I didn't know how many shrooms I would need so I figured I had
better grow a couple pounds. I worked out the problems I was
having and simultaneously ramped production. I had a couple pounds
of dried mushrooms by the time I headed north on vacation.
We were at a friends cabin on the lake when the time was right. I
broke out my stash of shrooms as we prepared to go out on the lake
fishing. Of course I offered some advice about what I thought was
a reasonable first dose, but then I made the mistake of trying to
comfort them with the information that it was impossible to overdose
on psilocybe mushrooms. My friends have my same basic personality
flaw about doing things to excess as I do, except worse. The closest I
can figure, I ate about an eighth of a cup of crushed, dried shrooms and
they all ate about twice that.
Being the scientific type, I grabbed my cam corder just in case we needed
to document anything and we headed to the boat to go fishing. The
first 25 minutes seemed pretty normal, but then I started to feel myself
coming on. I had done enough research to know that the peak experience
was a good hour away. I kept fishing. Soon I had to put down my pole
and just watch my buddies. I just had way too much stuff going on to
be holding my pole.
I had heard that the most basic visual experience was how colors became
vibrant while tripping. I kept looking for this, but never noticed it.
I was wondering if we dosed high enough or if I had gone to all the
trouble to grow these damn things and eat those awful tasting
shrooms for nothing. I started to feel a little down. I just stared at
the seat where one of my buddies was sitting.
Suddenly the seat was alive. I became mesmerize by how the grain
in the wood seats of the boat would not stay still. Every time I looked
at the seat, it would ebb and flow. Too cool! The surface of the
water was even more intense. The patterns formed by the little ripples
and waves were unbelievable. I was frying big time. Even though my
buddies dosed way higher than me, they seemed unaffected. They just
kept fishing and cracking jokes. I was still 30 minutes from peak.
I was looking across the lake at the far shore. There
were lots of clouds blowing across the sky. I was enjoying just
watching them. Then it happened. It became obvious to me which
clouds were going to break apart into little clouds and which
little clouds were going to combine to make bigger clouds. I spent
a lot of time trying to figure out if I was just imagining this ability
or if I could really do it. I just kept watching the far shore. Eventually
my buddies noticed my fascination with the far shore and I became the focus
of their jokes. They still didn't seem like they were tripping. I
told them about my new found ability. That only encouraged them to make
more jokes. I challenged them to predict which clouds were
going to break apart and which ones would combine. They admitted that
would be impossible. When I told them I thought I could do it, the
jokes really started.
Naturally, I had to prove I wasn't making up this ability. I started
pointing and telling my buddies which clouds were going to do what.
They were real skeptical at first, but finally I convinced them. One
of them realized that we ought to get this on the cam corder tape or
nobody would believe this had happened. It was a little work to get
the cam cord setup because we were so fucked up, but I got about 5
minutes of this on tape. This was real valuable in making me a
believer that psychedelics really can expand your mind and give you
insight that you never had before.
Later that day, everybody commented on how they thought they were the
only one affected by the shrooms. We were all having a good time, but
nobody recognized that the others were tripping hard. I was only at
1/2 the dose my buddies were at, so it's not too hard for me to believe
they were really looped.
The next day, everybody wanted to trip again. I gave them some advice.
I told them that a person's tolerance builds quickly to psilocybin and
that they would have to dose significantly higher to get the same effect.
Interestingly enough, they all thought they wanted a little less of
an experience. The first trip had tired everybody emotionally and
intellectually. Strangely enough, that day, straight or tripping, I was
unable to repeat my cloud predictions. It seems to have been a one
time experience. Yet, I know and have proof I was able to do it that
one time. It turns out the real life value of being able to predict
cloud behavior is pretty small, but the important point is that
psychedelics can give you insight you would not have had otherwise.
When we got back to town, all my buddies wanted me to teach them how
to grow shrooms. My buddies are not very scientifically minded people.
I have been trying to get them to use computers and get on the net
for a long time with no success. I did not think I could just explain
the steps and have much probability of them succeeding. I thought about
this problem for a little while. I wanted to write a comprehensive guide
for the people on the net and I wanted to get my buddies on the net. I
could kill two birds with one stone. I told them that if they figured out
how to get on the net, I would have a simple guide there for them to
follow.
It turns out the previously mentioned guide is available at:
http://www.paranoia.com/drugs/
There is a link on the main page under 'Items of Particular Interest'.
Ultimately, it's supposed to be in the mushroom growers directory.
Check it out, and let me know if you can predict cloud behavior.

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From: v113mg59@ubvmsb.cc.buffalo.edu (Ronald T Coslick Jr)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: clove cigarettes
Message-ID: <C56qF7.5K4@acsu.buffalo.edu>
Date: 8 Apr 93 22:01:00 GMT
Regarding clove cigarettes, grigsby@rintintin.Colorado.EDU (Scott Grigsby)
writes:
> If anyone could provide more information on this, I'd be
>very appreciative! I, too, have been told that cloves were much
>more damaging than cigarettes (someone even told me once that
>one clove was as damaging as a whole pack of say...Camel Lights!)
>I've also been told that they make you cough blood. (Not that
>inhaling any smoke won't, eventually....). Indeed, they certainly
>seem to char my lungs to hell much better than a regular cig! :-)
>But does anyone know for sure? Thanks!
>
> Scott (grigsby@rtt.colorado.edu)
Hope this helps.
======
RoN
v113mg59@ubvms
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Los Angeles Times
March 21, 1986
SMOKE THICKENS OVER CLOVE CIGARETTE INHALATION STUDY
By: DENNIS McLELLAN
The results of an industry-sponsored study, released this week,
on the possible toxic effects of smoking clove cigarettes show that
clove cigarette smoke is no more harmful to laboratory rats than
smoke from conventional cigarettes.
Scientists not connected with the study, however, caution that a
single study on rats does not provide conclusive evidence that the
pungent-smelling imported cigarettes from Indonesia do not cause
lung damage in humans.
The independent study, which was conducted by the Department of
Inhalation Toxicology at the Huntingdon Research Centre in
Huntingdon, England, is the first inhalation study made available
to the public on clove cigarettes (or kreteks), which have come
under attack in the past year for causing serious health problems
and allegedly leading to the death of one Orange County teen-ager.
The British inhalation study was funded by P. T. Djarum and House
of Sampoerna, both of Indonesia, although an industry spokesman
said the laboratory wasn't told who was backing the study. The two
firms are the largest manufacturers of clove cigarettes -- which
contain 60% tobacco and 40% ground cloves.
Cigarettes 'Vindicated'
"I think the study shows that clove cigarettes have been
vindicated as far as being guilty of what the critics have said
they are guilty of: that these things are much worse for you than
non-clove cigarettes," said G. A. Avram, executive director of the
Specialty Tobacco Council, an organization representing the major
manufacturers and importers of clove cigarettes in the United
States.
Avram, who released the results of the 119-page study at a news
conference in Washington, said the study "clearly establishes that
clove cigarettes do not cause acute respiratory distress or
anesthetize the lungs on the test animals." (Eugenol -- the major
component of cloves-- is used as a mild dental anesthetic; critics
of clove cigarette say the eugenol in the cigarettes numbs smokers'
throats.)
The results of the British inhalation study differ sharply from
those of an as-yet-unpublished study conducted last year by the
American Health Foundation, which shows that eugenol can cause
extensive lung damage and may be lethal to laboratory animals when
administered directly into the lung via the trachea (in contrast to
inhalation studies, in which laboratory animals breathe smoke).
Another study by the American Health Foundation, however,
supports the findings of the British study: In that, an inhalation
study, there were no acute toxic effects among hamsters exposed to
clove cigarette smoke, according to Edmond LaVoie, associate
division chief of environmental carcinogens at the nonprofit,
independent research foundation in Valhalla, N.Y.
LaVoie added, however, that "one cannot discount the data
obtained in the intratracheal experiments because there are
limitations in using small rodents in inhalation experiments." The
American Health Foundation studies on clove cigarettes will be
published soon in Archives of Toxicology, a scientific journal.
In view of the findings in the British inhalation study, however,
Avram maintains that "the burden of proof has shifted and it's now
up to them (clove cigarette critics) to prove there is a problem
with clove cigarettes instead of clove cigarettes being put on the
defensive."
Robert Phalen, director of the air pollution health effects
laboratory at the College of Medicine at UC Irvine and author of
"Inhalation Studies," a professional reference book, observed that
the inhalation study "is important, but I'd say a single study is
not definitive for something that has widespread use."
Phalen added that "there's a segment of the population --
somewhere around 5% -- that have very sensitive lungs. These
people can over-respond to a variety of chemicals when inhaling.
The rat is not a good model for those people."
Moreover, Phalen said, "You can never, in a small single animal
study, say that something is safe. Let's say clove cigarettes
hypothetically caused one smoker in a thousand to die. You could
never detect that in a study of human beings unless you had tens of
thousands of people and you couldn't detect that level of risk in
a study using less than several thousand animals."
"The conduct of a single study is suggestive but in no case
convincing evidence one way or the other unless the study is so
designed as to be essentially foolproof and these studies are so
complicated that they rarely can be made foolproof," said Dr. Tee
L. Guidotti, professor of occupational medicine at the University
of Alberta Faculty of Medicine in Edmonton, Canada, who has done
research on clove cigarette toxicity.
"We can't say anything about long-term health effects from a
single short-term study," Guidotti said. "We do know that the
International Agency for Research on Cancer, which is the
international authority on such matters, has concluded that eugenol
is a possible human carcinogen. The addition of a possibly harmful
substance (eugenol) to an already hazardous product (cigarettes)
can only increase the risk that much further."
Lawsuits Filed
In general, Guidotti added, clove cigarettes "have more tar,
nicotine and carbon monoxide than conventional cigarettes."
"I think it (Avram's assertion that clove cigarettes are as safe
as regular cigarettes) is bunk," said Eric Lampell, attorney for
the two Orange County families that have each filed $25-million
lawsuits against the makers, importers and sellers of clove
cigarettes for supplying their children with what they charge were
"dangerous and defective" cigarettes.
Anticipating possible criticism over having a vested interest in
a study examining his own product, Avram said the Huntingdon
Research Centre did not know until the study was completed that the
sponsor, Avram's North Carolina law firm, was representing two
clove cigarette manufacturers.
Avram said two more inhalation studies will be forthcoming soon
from the independent British contract research organization.
"And," he said, "the preliminary indications we're getting are that
they are even more encouraging from our point of view than this
original one."
Avram was scheduled to present the inhalation study Thursday to
a state Senate committee in Maryland where legislators are
considering a bill to ban clove cigarettes.
Missouri and Utah currently are considering similar bills.
Nevada and New Mexico already have banned the imports, but a
Florida judge declared unconstitutional a 3-week-old law banning
clove cigarettes in that state.
Reacted 'Hastily'
The Speciality Tobacco Council maintains that legislators have
reacted "hastily" in banning clove cigarettes "without taking time
to obtain a balanced appraisal on the issue."
The council was formed early last year in the wake of media
reports on the potential health hazards of smoking clove
cigarettes, which have been sold in the United States since 1970
but did not become popular until the early 1980s. (Sales of the
imports, according to Avram, have dropped to about half of their
peak of 150-170 million in 1984 as a result of the controversy.)
Last March, Ron and Carole Cislaw of Costa Mesa filed a
$25-million lawsuit, claiming that the sellers, makers, and
importers of clove cigarettes were, among other things, negligent
in supplying "dangerous and defective" cigarettes. Their
17-year-old son Tim developed shortness of breath shortly after
smoking a clove cigarette and eventually died of respiratory
failure. A second $25-million lawsuit was filed in July by a Buena
Park woman whose 17-year-old allegedly contracted a debilitating
lung ailment after smoking clove cigarettes.
Last May, the U.S Centers for Disease Control reported 12 cases
of severe illness possibly associated with smoking clove
cigarettes. Symptoms in the 11 patients who were hospitalized,
according to the CDC report, included pulmonary edema (blood- or
fluid-filled lungs), bronchospasm (a constriction of the air
passageway) and hemoptysis (coughing up blood).
Minor symptoms reported to the CDC included nausea and vomiting,
increased incidence of respiratory tract infections, worsening of
chronic bronchitis and increased incidences and severity of asthma
attacks. Mild coughing up of blood, the report said, has been
reported with particular frequency. Preliminary Results
The CDC report, however, stressed that a cause-and-effect
relationship between clove cigarette smoking and the patients'
illnesses has not been proved.
When preliminary results of the the American Health Foundation
intratracheal study were obtained by The Times last June, the
Specialty Tobacco Council labeled the foundation's method of
administering eugenol via the trachea into the lungs of laboratory
animals as an "unsound scientific test."
"You might regard the intratracheal instillation (method) as a
massive overkill and it does not reflect the smoking of a (clove)
cigarette," said Murray Senkus, a consultant for one of the major
manufacturers of clove cigarettes in Indonesia and a former
director of research and development for R. J. Reynolds Tobacco
Co.
LaVoie responded by saying, "We gave them (the laboratory
animals) less than one-third the dose of eugenol which is delivered
to the lungs by one clove cigarette: less than one-third the amount
of eugenol in one clove cigarette kills 50% of the animals."
UC Irvine's Phalen said "intratracheal studies can be useful and
important in looking at the toxicity of something the lung has been
exposed to. However, it is not a definitive method of
administration for something that's inhaled. One of the principles
of toxicology is to expose animal subjects by the same route that
one expects human populations to be exposed."
In light of the results of the American Health Foundation's own
inhalation study on clove cigarettes, LaVoie said he is not
surprised by the results of the British inhalation study.
He maintained, however, that "because the rats used in the
(inhalation) studies are obligatory nose breathers -- they by
nature breathe through their nose -- only a very small portion of
the smoke components ever reach or become deposited in the lung.
This is an inherent deficiency of the animal model and I would say
both models (intratracheal instillation and inhalation) do not
mimic the way humans actively smoke."
More Studies Recommended
LaVoie said he could not say much about the British study because
he hasn't seen it. "I can say that no two-month inhalation study
using small rodents would convince me that these cigarette products
are safe."
LaVoie recommends conducting more inhalation studies that are
"longer term and possibly more sophisticated in order to bypass
some of the inherent differences in the inhalation of particulates
observed with small rodents vs. man."
"I think what they (Huntingdon Research Centre researchers) have
done is an appropriate beginning and I anxiously await both details
on the study and further studies to evaluate just how dangerous
clove cigarettes are," said LaVoie. "Like cigarettes, they do
adversely affect health, we just don't know how severe the degree."
As Guidotti said, "We'll be going back and forth for years on the
inhalation toxicology."
(end of article)

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From: jimb@orion.oac.uci.edu (Jim Barrera)
Subject: Re: Blind on lsd (?)
Message-ID: <2B5729D2.11825@news.service.uci.edu>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Date: 15 Jan 93 21:17:06 GMT
Seer Snively <snively@cybernet.cse.fau.edu> writes:
> If someone who is blind (because of a phyical problem with the eye, no
> brain problems) or who is colour blind took lsd, would they "see" colour?
>
> Does anyone think they would get visuals? Does anyone KNOW (first or 2nd
> hand)?
Hello. My evil twin(tm) is a green-blind deuteranomal.
Due to the presence of an annoying little recessive gene
on his X-chromosome, the spectral sensitivity of his
middle cones peak at a different wavelength of light
than a "normal" individual. Thus, greens look different
to him, or not like "green" at all...
He enjoys both hiking in the wilderness and psychadelics,
especially simutaneously. In the wilderness, it's often
useful to be able to spot red objects amidst all the
green (e.g. reddish poison oak leaves in the green scrub
oak). He has found that LSD enhances his perception of
colors, but does not greatly improve his differential
perception of green. While his hiking companions are
constantly pointing out red-tailed hawks, red manzanita
bark, or the poison oak he's currently standing in, he
still has problems picking them out of a green background.
So when the iodopsin in one or more of the sets of cones
is abnormal, the signals being sent to the brain are
the same, with or without psychadelics. How the brain
on LSD recognizes these signals may be different, but he
hasn't found that the green perception improves.
But he's continuing the therapy in hopes of improvement...
As far as *visuals* are concerned, he hasn't noticed any
really special greens that he doesn't see in real life.
But here's a question: does this hypothetical individual
who is colorblind (total achromat, which is rare) _dream_
in color? Would he/she know if the dreams were in "color"?
Would he/she know if the hallucinations were in "color"?
`jimb
"LSD: not a cure, but good therapy for color blindness."

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From: bell@beethoven.cs.unc.edu (Andrew Bell)
Date: 9 Mar 92 18:35:46 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,misc.legal,talk.politics.drugs
Subject: Re: Legal Cocaine? (WAS Re: Drug legalization)
In article <1992Mar5.660665.6F0o5@infopls.chi.il.us> zane@infopls.chi.il.us (Sameer Parekh) writes:
> I read in _Licit + Illicit Drugs_ that the people living in the
>Andes who chewed coca leaves to deal with the thin air had no trouble
>stopping use once they moved to a more airy clime.
People interested in checking further into this might be interested in
a couple of articles about coca leaf chewing:
-------
A. Barnett, R. Hawks, and R. Resnick. "Cocaine Pharmacokinetics in Humans."
The Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 3 (1981) 353-366.
"Therefore, on the basis of this new information that has come as a result
of technological development we can conclude with a pratical observation.
The size of the quid of coca leaves that can be comfortably accomodated by
a person is such that it is unlikely that coca chewing, as practiced for
centuries in places like Macchu Piccu, presents the dangers that may result
from the modern forms of recreational use."
Particularly interesting about this article is that the report came out of
the Division of Research of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
-------
A. Weil. "The Therapeutic Value of Coca in Contemporary Medicine."
The Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 3 (1981) 367-376.
"I have lived among coca-using Indians of the Andes and the Amazon basin
in Columbia and Peru and have not seen any signs of physical deterioration
attributable to the leaf. I have never seen an instance of coca toxicity.
Nor have I observed physiological or psychological dependence on coca.
Even life-long chewers seem able to get the effect they want from the
same dose over time; there is no development of tolerance and certainly
no withdrawal syndrome upon sudden discontinuance of use."
-------
-Andrew Bell
bell@cs.unc.edu
=============================================================================
From: cam@castle.ed.ac.uk (Chris Malcolm)
Newsgroups: uk.misc,soc.culture.british
Subject: Re: Druggies - so they die, who cares (was: Must restaurants provide water?)
Message-ID: <37266@castle.ed.ac.uk>
Date: 14 Jun 93 21:38:49 GMT
In article <1993Jun14.134030.385@sco.com> charless@sco.COM (charless) writes:
>the interesting factoids about who the addicts were back in the
>1920's, when heroin use for recreational purposes was still
>legal.
My grandfather, like many medical doctors of his time (and like Freud)
was a cocaine addict. It caused him no problems at all as far as we
could see, or he reported, and he always claimed that without the
cocaine he would have been an alcoholic. He died at the age of 96,
shortly after his third wife had died on him, and it would seem
because he was fed up with living so long. In those days in Britain
addicts could register with the NHS, and thus there were no black
market profits to be made on illegal drugs, and no pushers. The drug
problems all started when we became sanctimonious about these addicts
on the NHS, kicked them off, and just like the US before us, created
the whole apalling modern drug scene of criminality, pushers, and drug
barons.
--
Chris Malcolm cam@uk.ac.ed.aifh +44 (0)31 650 3085
Department of Artificial Intelligence, Edinburgh University
5 Forrest Hill, Edinburgh, EH1 2QL, UK DoD #205
=============================================================================
From: dolphin@ziggys.cts.com (Rex Kahler) 619/262-6384
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Winston Churchill and Cocaine Gum....
Message-ID: <3VB6Lc7w165w@ziggys.cts.com>
Date: Tue, 10 May 94 22:32:01 PDT
(from the 8may94 san diego union-tribune)
(xscribed wholly w/o permission)
Experts push legalization of cocaine gum to wean addicts
By DAN FREEDMAN
Hearst News Service
WASHINGTON -- Quenn Victoria did it. Winston Churchill in his
youth did it, and millions of peasant farmers in South America
do it. So why not allow it in America?
Why not let people chew on low-potency cocaine lozenges or
gum?
"Millions have used these products, and we have no evidence
of harm associated with it," says Ethan Nadelmann, a professor
at Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School of International
and Public Affairs.
"It may be less addictive than coffee."
Nadelmann and others who advocate changing the government's
zero-tolerance approach to drugs want to create a weakened
version of cocaine that could be sold over the counter as a
substitute for the hard stuff.
Then potential consumers would have an alternative to crack
cocaine, which is smoked, and high-purity regular cocaine,
which is snorted, the way beer and wine are alternatives to
high-proof vodka.
The idea of marketing cocaine-lite is not making much head-
way at a time when the American public is fearful of crime and
when the crime bill moving through Congress is promising more
prisons and punishment for drug offenders.
But raising the possibility of such a product goes to the
core of the debate over the best way to undercut criminal drug
enterprises.
Nadelmann and others argue that low-potency cocaine might
draw potential customers away from drug-trafficking organiza-
tions smuggling tons of cocaine from South America and violent
street gangs peddling crack.
"If some people want to distill those products down to
something more potent, let them," Nadelmann wrote in an edi-
torial with _Rolling Stone_ Publisher Jann Wenner in the May 5
issue of the magazine. "But most people won't want to buy it."
However, Herbert Kleber, a psychiatrist and a White House
anti-drug official in the Bush administration, says low-potency
cocaine would not undercut criminal drug gangs because no one
would use it as an alternative.
Now a vice president of Columbia University's Center on
Addiction and Substance Abuse, Kleber calls the idea of a
cocaine substitute "scientifically naive," adding that it
"totally misunderstands the reason why people use and misuse
drugs."
Kleber compares the temptation of low-potency cocaine for
the uninitiated or the recovering addict with his experience
in quitting smoking.
"I smoked for 25 years and if i have just one, I'm back to
two packs a day," he said. "It's the same with low-dose co-
caine."
Dr. Andrew Weil of the University of Arizona medical school
disagrees.
He says the widespread chewing of coca leaves among Andean
peasants suggests that, in low dosages, cocaine is not addic-
tive.
Weil also says that the product is good for treating stomach
ailments and motion sickness.
"It's a shame that we've made disappear from our world a
form of a drug that has a whole bunch of benefits," Weil says.
Watered-down cocaine was common in turn-of-the-century Amer-
ica and Europe. Recently uncovered records in Scotland suggest
that Queen Victoria and her young house guest, Winston Churchill,
consumed cocaine-filled lozenges for sore throats and other
maladies contracted while staying at Balmoral Castle.
At the same time, cocaine was an ingredient of Coca-Cola and
several varieties of patent medicines sold in America. All that
changed in 1914 with the Harrison Act, which banned cocaine
without a prescription.
Drug-law defenders say cocaine was banned because it is
dangerously addictive.
"There are some genies you can't let out of teh bottle,"
Kleber says.
Low-potency cocaine differs from regular cocaine powder and
crack in terms of its purity level, and how fast and thoroughly
it alters brain chemistry.
According to Weil, the coca leaf chewed by peasant farmers
in Bolivia and Peru is half of 1 percent pure cocaine. By con-
trast, cocaine smuggled in by traffickers is 50 percent to 60
percent pure.
The effect of crack is even more intense because it is
smoked and its chemicals reach the brain in seconds. Cocaine
inhaled through the nose takes 30 minutes to be fully effec-
tive. Orally ingested cocaine in lozenges or gum takes an hour,
according to Kleber.
John Gregich of the White House Office of National Drug
Control Policy argues that "the notion you can create a safe
stimulant out of something as addictive as cocaine doesn't
match our experience."
Still, the University of Arizona's Weil notes that decades
of tough law enforcement measures against drug traffickers and
dealers have "made worse what we want to make better, destroying
the peasant society of South America and creating the crack
culture in American cities."
***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** *****
back beneath the waves
D o l p h i n R e x
/s\
=============================================================================
From: Anonymous <nobody@nowhere>
Subject: Intranasal Cocaine Administration
insofar as cocaine use is concerned, i have - after many years of
foolishly self-destructive behavior - discovered a very nice way
to do coke. take a nasal decongestant sprayer bottle, empty it.
take a small amount of powdered cocaine - 1/4 to 1/2 a gram - and
dissolve it in maybe a cubic inch of water. add a drop or two of
vodka or other ethanol. stir it. the cocaine dissolves into the
water, leaving the cut(s) on the bottom, a side benefit i didn't
originally anticipate. pour the solution - a 7% solution, if i may
offer a nickname - into yon vile vial, and apply to your nasal
cavities, judiciously.
if overfilled, you will get a jet of solution. otherwise, you get a
nice mix of solution and air in a mist that dissolves easily into
your nasal passages, with consequent bodily effects approximately
equivalent to a cup of coffee. this is advantageous for many, many
reasons ...
(a) no waste. you get exactly what your body can absorb, and
no crumbs clinging to your nasal passages and falling down
your front. you don't get so much that the effect borders
on toxicity, as you do when doing lines. and you can make
a 1/2 gram last up to a week, in this fashion.
(b) no paraphernalia. this fits nicely into a night bag with
toothbrush or toothpaste, and is bust-free, in the car, on
one's person, at one's desk, or crossing international
borders. no razors, no straws, no mirrors, no 'bullets' or
little brown vials waiting to fall out of your pocket.
(c) no addictive sequence. it's much easier to forego tooting
when using at this level, and put it aside for the night,
instead of staying up 'til the wee hours. and it combines
with being productive about the same way that coffee does.
( i have also applied small amounts of methamphetamine in
this fashion, with similar low-impact effects. )
It's really a shame that the Establishment doesn't apply itself to teaching
people how to use drugs intelligently and creatively, since, clearly, such
paths to competence and maturity exist. If I had known ten years ago what I
have learned through much reading and thinking, I would have saved myself a
lot of money, and, more importantly, a lot of grief and self-destructive
behavior which I have, fortunately, survived.
Please perpetuate this information as widely as possible, the better to teach
people how to avoid addictive behavioral sequences while continuing to explore
the realms of awareness in a mature and thoughtful manner.

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From: jmt0165@u.cc.utah.edu (Jon Taylor)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Cocaine Synthesis
Date: 18 Apr 1994 18:30:40 -0600
Message-ID: <2ov8ng$dg8@u.cc.utah.edu>
Enjoy!
-Jon
CUT HERE
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
Cocaine Synthesis
Scanned From _Recreational Drugs: A Complete Guide to Manufacturing_
COCAINE
Although this drug is categorized as a local anesthetic, I have chosen
to put it in with the hallucinogens because of the psycho- tomimetic
effects that it produces. Cocaine is not a phenylethyl- amine, but it
produces central nervous system arousal or stimulant effects which
closely resemble those of the amphetamines, the
methylenedioxyamphetamines in particular. This is due to the inhibition
by cocaine of re-uptake of the norepinepherine released by the
adrenergic nerve terminals, leading to an enhanced adrenergic
stimulation of norepinephrine receptors. The increased sense of well
being and intense, but short lived, euphoric state produced by cocaine
requires frequent administration.
Cocaine does not penetrate the intact skin, but is readily absorbed from
the mucus membranes, creating the need to snort it. This accounts for
the ulceration of the nasal septum after cocaine has been snorted for
long periods.
The basic formula for cocaine starts by purchasing or making tropinone,
converting the tropinone into 2-carbomethoxytropinone (also known as
methyl-tropan-3-one-2-carboxylate), reducing this to ecgonine, and
changing that to cocaine. Sounds easy? It really is not very simple, but
with Reagan's new drug policies, cracking down on all of the drug
smuggling at the borders, this synthetic cocaine may be the source of
the future. This synthesis is certainly worth performing with the high
prices that cocaine is now commanding. As usual, I will start with the
precursors and intermediates leading up to the product.
Succindialdehyde. This can be purchased, too. 23.2 g of
succinaldoxime powder in 410 ml of 1 N sulfuric acid and add dropwise
with stirring at 0<> a solution of 27.6 g of sodium nitrite in 250 ml of
water over 3 hours. After the addition, stir and let the mixture rise to
room temp for about 2 hours, taking care not to let outside air into the
reaction. Stir in 5 g of Ba carbonate and filter. Extract the filtrate
with ether and dry, evaporate in vacuo to get the succindialdehyde. This
was taken from JOC, 22, 1390 (1957). To make succinaldoxime, see JOC,
21, 644 (1956).
Complete Synthesis of Succindialdehyde. JACS, 68, 1608 (1946). In a 2
liter 3 necked flask equipped with a stirrer, reflux condenser, and an
addition funnel, is mixed 1 liter of ethanol, 67 g of freshly distilled
pyrrole, and 141 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Heat to reflux until
dissolved, add 106 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate in small portions as
fast as reaction will allow. Reflux for 24 hours and filter the mixture.
Evaporate the filtrate to dryness under vacuo. Take up the residue in
the minimum amount of boiling water, decolorize with carbon, filter and
allow to recrystallize in refrigerator. Filter to get product and
concentrate to get additional crop. Yield of succinaldoxime powder is a
little over 40 g, mp is 171-172<37>.
5.8 g of the above powder is placed in a beaker of 250 ml capacity and
54 ml of 10% sulfuric acid is added. Cool to 0<> and add in small
portions of 7 g of sodium nitrite (if you add the nitrite too fast,
nitrogen dioxide fumes will evolve). After the dioxime is completely
dissolved, allow the solution to warm to 20<32> and effervescence to go to
completion. Neutralize the yellow solution to litmus by adding small
portions of barium carbonate. Filter off the barium sulfate that
precipitates. The filtrate is 90% pure succindialdehyde and is not
purified further for the reaction to create tropinone. Do this procedure
3 more times to get the proper amount for the next step, or multiply the
amounts given by four and proceed as described above.
Take the total amount of succinaldehyde (obtained from 4 of the above
syntheses combined) and without further treatment or purification (this
had better be 15.5 g of succindialdehyde) put into an Erlenmeyer flask
of 4-5 liters capacity. Add 21.6 g of methylamine hydrochloride, 46.7 g
of acetonedicarboxylic acid, and enough water to make a total volume of
2 liters. Adjust the pH to 8-10 by slowly adding a saturated solution of
disodium phosphate. The condensate of this reaction (allow to set for
about 6 days) is extracted with ether, the ethereal solution is dried
over sodium sulphate and distilled, the product coming over at 113<31> at
25 mm of pressure is collected. Upon cooling, 14 g of tropinone
crystallizes in the pure state. Tropinone can also be obtained by
oxidation of tropine with potassium dichromate, but I could not find the
specifics for this operation.
2-Carbomethoxytropinone. A mixture of 1.35 g of sodium methoxide (this
is sodium in a minimum amount of methanol), 3.5 g of tropinone, 4 ml of
dimethylcarbonate and 10 ml of toluene is refluxed for 30 min. Coo] to
0<EFBFBD> and add 15 ml of water that contains 2.5 g of ammonium chloride.
Extract the solution after shaking with four 50 ml portions of
chloroform, dry, evaporate the chloroform in vacuo. Dissolve the oil
residue in 100 ml of ether, wash twice with a mixture of 6 ml of
saturated potassium carbonate and three ml of 3 N KOH. Dry and evaporate
in vacuo to recover the unreacted tropinone. Take up the oil in a
solution of aqueous ammonium chloride and extract with chloroform, dry,
and evaporate in vacuo to get an oil. The oil is dissolved in hot
acetone, cool, and scratch inside of flask with glass rod to precipitate
2- carbomethoxytropinone. Recrystallize 16 g of this product in 30 ml of
hot methyl acetate and add 4 ml of cold water and 4 ml of acetone. Put
in freezer for 2l/2 to 3 hours. Filter and wash the precipitate with
cold methyl acetate to get pure product.
Methylecgonine. 0.4 mole of tropinone is suspended in 80 ml of ethanol
in a Parr hydrogenation flask (or something that can take 100 psi and
not react with the reaction, like stainless steel or glass). 10 g of
Raney Nickle is added with good agitation (stirring or shaking) followed
by 2- 3 ml of 20% NaOH solution. Seal vessel, introduce 50 psi of
hydrogen atmosphere (after flushing vessel with hydrogen) and heat to
40-50<35>. After no more uptake of hydrogen (pressure gauge will hold
steady after dropping to its lowest point) bleed off pressure and filter
the nickle off, rinse out bottle with chloroform and use this rinse to
rinse off the nickle while still on the filter paper. Make the filtrate
basic with KOH after cooling to 10<31>. Extract with chloroform dry, and
evaporate the chloroform in vacuo to get an oil. Mix the oil plus any
precipitate with an equal volume of dry ether and filter. Add more dry
ether to the filtrate until no more precipitate forms, filter and add to
the rest of the precipitate. Recrystallize from isopropanol to get pure
methylecgonine. Test for activity. If active, skip down to the step for
cocaine. If not active, proceed as follows. Stir with activated carbon
for 30 min, filter, evaporate in vacuo, dissolve the brown liquid in
methanol, and neutralize with 10% HCI acid in dry ether. Evaporate the
ether until the two layers disappear, and allow to stand for 2 hours at
0<EFBFBD> to precipitate the title product. There are many ways to reduce
2-carbomethoxytropinone to methylecgonine. I chose to design a Raney
Nickle reduction because it is cheap and not as suspicious as LAH and it
is much easier than zinc or sodium amalgams.
Cocaine. 4.15 g of methylecgonine and 5.7 g of benzoic anhydride in 150
ml of dry benzene are gently refluxed for 4 hours taking precaution
against H20 in the air (drying tube). Cool in an ice bath, acidify
carefully with hydrochloric acid, dry, and evaporate in a vacuum to get
a red oil which is treated with a little portion of isopropanoi to
precipitate cocaine.
As you can see, this is quite a chore. The coca leaves give ecgonine,
which as you can see, is only a Jump away from cocaine. If you can get
egconine, then dissolve 8l/2 g of it in 100 ml of ethanol and pass
(bubble) dry HC1 gas through this solution for 30 min. Let cool to room
temp and let stand for another 11/2 hours. Gently reflux for 30 min and
evaporate in vacuo. Basify the residue oil with NaOH and filter to get
8.4 g of methylecgonine, which is converted to cocaine as in the cocaine
step above.
Below is given a somewhat easier method of producing tropinone by the
general methods of Willstatter, who was instrumental in the first
synthetic production of cocaine and several other alkaloids. After
reviewing this method, I found it to be simpler than the above in many
respects.
Tropinone. 10 g of pyrrolidinediethyl diacetate are heated with 10 g of
cymene and 2 g of sodium powder, the reaction taking place at about
160<EFBFBD>. During the reaction (which is complete in about 10 min) the temp
should not exceed 172<37>. The resulting reaction product is dissolved in
water, then saturated with potassium carbonate, and the oil, which
separates, is boiled with dilute sulfuric acid. 2.9 g of tropinone
picrate forms and is filtered.
Here are two more formulas devised by Willstatter that produce tropinone
from tropine. Take note of the yield differences.
Tropinone. To a solution of 25 g tropine, dissolved in 10 times its
weight of 20% sulfuric acid are added 25 g of a 4% solution of potassium
permanganate in 2 or 3 g portions over 45 min while keeping the temp at
10-12<31>. The addition of permanganate will cause heat (keep the temp
10-12<31>) and precipitation of manganese dioxide. The reaction mixture is
complete in I hour. A large excess of NaOH is added and the reaction is
steam distilled until I liter of distillate has been collected. The
tropinone is isolated as the dibenzal compound by mixing the distillate
with 40 g of benzaldehyde in 500 cc of alcohol and 40 g of 10% sodium
hydroxide solution. Let stand several days to get dibenzaltropinone as
yellow needles. Yield: 15.5 g, 28%. Recrystallize from ethanol to
purify.
Tropinone. A solution of 12 g of chromic acid in the same amount of
water (12 g) and 60 g of glacial acetic acid is added dropwise with
stirring over a period of 4 hours to a solution of 25 g of tropine in
500 cc of glacial acetic acid that has been warmed to 60-70<37> and is
maintained at this temp during the addition. Heat the mixture for a
short time on a steam bath until all the chromic acid has disappeared,
cool and make strongly alkaline with NaOH. Extract with six 500 cc
portions of ether and evaporate the ether in vacuo to get an oil that
crystallizes readily. Purify by converting to the picrate or
fractionally distill, collecting the fraction at 224-225<32> at 714 mm
vacuo.
The tropinones can be used in the above formula (or in a formula that
you have found elsewhere) to be converted to cocaine. Remember to
recrystallize the 2-carbomethoxytropinone before converting to
methylecgonine.

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Date: Wed, 25 May 1994 17:41:35 CDT
From: <U17527@uicvm.uic.edu>
Message-ID: <94145.174135U17527@uicvm.uic.edu>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: common everyday coleus
didn't see my previous post, so if this is redundant please forgive me.
The following entry was included in a book called "recreationsal drugs."
"When psilocybin mushrooms are in short supply, and users are willing
to settle for a milder but similar mind excursion, they sometimes turn
to the coleus plant, particularly the species coleus blumei and coleus
pumila. the mazatec indians of southern mexico have been tripping on this
psychedelic mint for years.
It takes about fifty to severnty large, colorful leaves of the coleus
plant to get someone going. They can be chewed thoroughly and swallowed.
If one prefers, the leaves can also be smoked and steeped in lukewarm water for
for about an hour, after which the liquid is strained and drunk.
No one is exactly sure what gives coleus its psychoactive kick, but we do
know that only fresh leaves will work. Dried leaves have virtually no
effect.
While the drug has no really unpleasant or dangerous side effects, some
people do feel a degree of nausea about a half hour after getting it down
But the nausea goes away quickly and is soon replaced by a trippy,
psilocybin-like state, colorful visual hallucinations and patterns, and
telepathic and clairvoyant insights. The entire trip lasts for about
two hours.
Coleus plants can be purchased legally at most garden centers. Thos with
green thumbs, who aren't too stoned to exercise them, might purchase
some seeds to grow their own."
has anyone done any experimentation with the coleus plant?
glen
=============================================================================
From: masc0270@ucssun1.sdsu.edu (Christopher Hooten)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: coleus -- hallucinogenic?
Date: 25 May 1994 22:46:17 GMT
Message-ID: <2s0kfp$rve@pandora.sdsu.edu>
[quoted text deleted -cak]
I bet you read this in _Recreational Drugs_, didn't you? A FOAF
tried this by steeping the leaves in warm water, and drinking it.
There was little or no effect. However, the same book above lists
that the chemistry may be very similar between coleus and salvia
divinorum (diviner's sage). I have heard you should crush up the
leaves and put them in the side of your mouth for about 15 minutes
to let it soak through your lips and gums (with the salvia divinorum),
so possibly this method might work for the coleus as well. If
anyone tries this, please post the results.
-- Chris
=============================================================================
From: cddugan@ouray.Denver.Colorado.EDU (chris dugan)
Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
Subject: Re: Salvia Divinoram
Date: 26 May 1994 06:40:03 GMT
Message-ID: <2s1g83$ojt@carbon.denver.colorado.edu>
Alan L. Bostick (abostick@netcom.com) wrote:
: Jody_Radzik@morph.com (Jody Radzik) writes:
: >I just read that this common houseplant has hallucinogenic properties?
: >Does anyone know about this and if so could you share it with us? Thanx.
: From GROWING THE HALLUCINOGENS - HOW TO CULTIVATE AND HARVEST LEGAL
: PSYCHOACTIVE PLANTS by Hudson Grubber (20th Century Alchemist, dist. by
: And/Or Press; Copyright 1973 20th Century Alchemist):
: "PIPILTZINTZINTLI
: _Salvina_divinorum_ Epling & Jativa;
: Mint family (Labiatae)
: "A woody perennial herb 4 to 6 feet tall with square, hollow stems. The
: leaves are dark green, 6 to 8 inches long, with toothed edges. The flowers
: are blue of white on spikes. Only found cultivated by sorcerors in an
: isolated area in southern Mexico.
: "CULTIVATION AND PROPAGATION: It is propagated in much the same manner as
: coleus. It needs a loose, rich soil. It is best grown as a tub plant
: and brought indoors when the weather begins to cool. It may be grown
: outdoors in frost-free areas. This salvia is generally grown from cuttings,
: but I know of one instance in which it was grown from seed. The seed should
: be germinated in the same way as coleus. Cuttings should be taken in
: spring, after the plant has had a lot of sun. Cut 1/2-inch below a node and
: root in no more than an inch of water. A pinch of rootone may be added to
: the water and shaken well to dissolve it. This will help prevent stem
: rot and will stimulate rooting. When the roots are 1/4-inch long, the
: cutting should be potted. Longer roots may be damaged. Plant in a 2-inch
: pot with good potting soil. Grows rapidly after the roots are established.
: I have found that this plant is susceptible to stem rot, if over-watered.
: It is often attacked by aphids, white flies, spider mites and mealy-bugs.
: "HARVESTING: Harvesting the leaves for use as a hallucinogen should not
: be attempted until one has at least four one-year-old plants. An equal
: number of leaves should be harvested from each plant so that the shock to
: one plant will not be great. Dosage may vary; begin with 10-20 fresh
: leaves. Fresh leaves are used, as the active principle is believed to
: be unstable. Considering the rarity of the plant, the leaves should be
: chewed, because when the juices are expressed much of the active
: principle is wasted."
: It does not sound from this as if this is a "common household plant."
: This is the complete entry on the plant from this source. Nothing about
: effects or chemistry, unfortunately.
: Alan Bostick
: abostick@netcom.com
Here is the entry under "Pipilzintzintli" in "Legal Highs: A
concise encyclopedia of legal herbs and chemicals with psychoactive
properties" by 20th Century Alchemist, High Times/Level Press, 1973.
MATERIAL: Leaves of plant found in southern Mexico. Also used for same
effect are leaves of Coleus blumei and Coleus pumila, common house plants.
USAGE: About 70 large fresh leaves are thoroughly chewed and swallowed
or crushed and soaked in 1 pt. water for 1 hr., strained and drunk. If
osterizer is available leaves may be liquefied in water.
ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS: Uncertain, believed to be an unstable crystalline
polyhydric alcohol.
EFFECTS: Similar to psilocybin with colorful vsiual patterns, but milder
and lasting only 2 hours.
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Some people experience nausea during first half hour;
otherwise no unpleasant or harmful side effects known.
=============================================================================
From: Keith <keith@marlin.ssnet.com>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: coleus -- hallucinogenic?
Date: 26 May 1994 00:28:58 GMT
Message-ID: <2s0qga$keh@marlin.ssnet.com>
[quoted text deleted -cak]
At the risk of sounding very foolish, I will admit to having tried Coleus
tea about twenty years ago. The line at the time was that there were
uncharacterized polyols in the leaves responsible for the high. It
*could* have been entirely placebo, but I swear I experienced something
very similar to a mild psilocin dose. Angular repeating geometric
patterns on walls (if I looked for them) and the like. The dose you
mention is about what I tried and I only tried it once.
For what it is worth...
--keith

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From: dash@netcom.com (David Ashley)
Subject: Cocaine story in Colombia (long)
Message-ID: <dashCJrorx.3A9@netcom.com>
Date: Mon, 17 Jan 1994 09:23:56 GMT
A few years back I went on a trip down south through Mexico, Central America,
and then to Colombia and Ecuador. It was great fun, and a very rewarding
experience.
In Guatamala I met an English guy named Nigel that had been in Colombia. He
said that he had traveled from England, going to Brazil, then through
various countries, and ending up in Colombia. Nigel told me that along the
route he met locals that became his friends, and often they used Cocaine.
Nigel said he had been afraid of Cocaine, having been brought up in the
typical "drugs are bad" environment. He was afraid that if he tried it he'd
become addicted. Eventually he saw that although his friends used it, they were
not addicted. He tried it, and he liked it. He told me that he used it
daily for a couple of months. I asked him if it was hard to stop. He said it
wasn't.
Now I left him and I kept heading south. He told me of a place called the
Hotel Miramar in Santa Marta, Colombia. It's east from Cartegena. He said
it's a place where gringos can go and use cocaine, and not really be hassled.
Somewhere along my trip I decided I wanted to try cocaine if I had the
opportunity.
I made it to Colombia and ended up in Santa Marta. The Hotel Miramar was a
fantastic place because it's a gringo hangout. My spanish was decent but
I could never get close to the natives because it was too cumbersome
talking in their language, and very few Latins speak English. Colombia has
a reputation of being unsafe so not many tourists go there, so if you're
travelling around the country you feel like you're the only gringo.
So it was nice to meet up with other travellers in the Hotel Miramer. There
were people that stayed there for months or years, and then the others
that would come for just a day or two. I ended up staying there for a month.
I was waiting for mail from home, and also I was enjoying the company of
other travellers.
During this time I tried cocaine, and decided I liked it. I would snort the
cocaine only. I'd typically use it with other travellers, then a bunch of
people would get together and just talk or hang out. I'd usually start
using it in the early evening, continue over about a 6 hour period, then
I'd stop and go to sleep. I never used it as a pick-me-up in the morning.
I got in the habit of only using it when I already felt pretty good.
There were other people that used it a lot more--they would keep going for
more than a day or two. I thought this was silly because even though you
don't feel sleepy, you know your body wants to sleep, and I didn't want to
push it. Also there's not much point in using it for longer periods, as
the effect seems to diminish. I would build up a tolerance so that as the
time wore on I'd have to take it more and more frequently (over the 4 or 6
hour period in the evening). As I say, I'd usually be with other people when
using it and we'd sometimes go out in the night for walks. While in the Hotel
you feel perfectly safe using it, it's not a good idea to carry it around
town with you--you never know.
I figure that over the month I used the cocaine maybe 15 or 20 times. I liked
the feeling it gave me. It completely eliminates any feelings of inhibition,
so you feel comfortable talking about anything. You also feel fascinated
by what other people are saying, although I would prefer to talk. You feel
really good, like the cocaine is tickling your pleasure center. You feel
energetic. You wouldn't get hungry.
After a month I decided that the surroundings were getting stale, so I left
to go to a neighboring beach called Park Tayrona. It's a really beautiful
place and a lot of gringos hang out there as well. I didn't do any cocaine
while here but I didn't miss it either. There was no feeling of dependency.
Cocaine was more of something you did when it seemed like a good idea--not
because you felt you needed it. It was something that you'd use when you're
already having a good time--it would kick you up into the next level of
enjoyment.
There was immeasurable pot available also in Colombia. I used to smoke a
little but didn't really smoke enough to get over the munchy/can't concentrate
stage. Other people constantly smoked the stuff. I never really understood
the allure. I figured that the best time to use it was when you were hungry
and wanted the local food to taste like a king's banquet :^).
The only problems I had with the cocaine was frequent pain in my nose.
I was told this was because it wasn't pure, or that it was amphetamine and
not cocaine. Over my trip I tried cocaine many more times and it seemed
always a variable experience, depending on where I got it. Also my opinion
of what "good" cocaine was never matched anyone else's. One guy gave me some
of what he said was the best he had ever used in his life, and it had no
effect at all on me. I later decided that what I had called cocaine before
was some kind of amphetamine, and what this guy called cocaine was really
cocaine (pure), and that for some reason it didn't work on me. This guy
used to smoke it also (freebasing) and I tried that several times but never
once had any significant effect, although he was flying. After several
times when someone would tell me "try this, this is the best" and it did
nothing for me, I decided that the substance I had liked before was no
longer available and I stopped testing.
At no time did I ever feel any withdrawal symptoms. Also I never used it
every single day--I would stop for a day or two after each day or two of
use. And I never used it for a period longer than 6 hours.
I feel my experience with the drug hasn't been harmful at all. Instead it
destroyed a lot of myths I had absorbed in the United States culture. I
learned that the substance had absolutely no addictive qualities at all.
Then I decided that the biggest problem was since it was illegal down there
as well (at least if you got caught you'd have to pay a bribe to make the
cop go away) you never knew "exactly" what you were getting. The danger of
the drug was never the pure part but what you ended up getting that was
called "cocaine". I believe my experience with the cocaine has improved
me, and I believe everyone (provided they're adults) should have the same
option to experiment. The only improvement I could suggest would be fixing
the situation so you know what you're getting every time, instead of it
being a crap shoot.
Since Colombia is the source of this stuff, it's certainly going to be
cheaper. I never paid more than $4 or $5 a gram, and typically paid $3.
Of course I believe it wasn't quite as pure because I'd use a gram over
an evening, and from what I've heard about stuff in US that's A LOT. Since
Colombia I've never used any of the stuff. My thinking is I've heard prices
in the US are $100 per gram. At the time I was taking it I felt that it was
barely worth the $4 a gram. There's no way I'll pay 25 or 33 times what I
could get it for down there.
Pot was also much cheaper. I saw a guy buy perhaps a half pound for something
like $7.00. It's truly a weed, and isn't really illegal. Pot is so cheap you
never have to buy it--it just gets passed around by people that keep their
own supply.
Wages in Colombia are so low compared to wages here, the locals have to
pay almost the same proportion of their income to buy cocaine as Americans
would have to in the US. I never really saw any evidence of massive
drug addiction in Colombia. Almost 100% of the drug use seemed to be by the
gringos that were visiting.
I've decided that I believe drugs should be legalized. I believe that
we've all been victims of a horrible propaganda campaign. I believe
it would be much better if drugs were legalized, regulated (for purity), and
also perhaps taxed a little to cover costs of chronic abusers. I believe it
is a good idea to travel, because you find out interesting things, like
perhaps the USA isn't really as free as you might have thought. In Colombia
the police don't really care if you use illegal substances--they just use it
as an excuse to sweat a bribe out of you. They're not interested in throwing
you in jail, they just want some of your yanqui $$$. Yes, the system is
very, very corrupt.
Colombians were probably my favorite people. The country is beautiful and
the people are very friendly. Although Colombia has gotten a bad rap in
the news, this is unjust. While a few drug kingpins control a lot of the
politics in the country and are ruthless murderers, the Colombian people
are almost entirely very warm, intelligent, friendly people. It is truly
a great country.
When I came back up through Mexico and went through the border crossing at
Tijuana, I told the officer that I had just flown up from Cartegena, Colombia.
He then checked me out a little more thoroughly than he would have if I'd
only been in Mexico--he checked my drivers licence and then looked at my
backpack in the xray machine. I don't think he had me unpack it. But the
guy said that Colombia wasn't a good place, and the people were screwing
us over. His statement simply is not at all true.
One other interesting point: As I understand it if I'm outside the
US I am no longer bound by US laws, but must obey the laws of the country
I'm in--but that country enforces them and the US doesn't care anymore.
I was told by Germans that their laws are binding on them no matter where
they are. For example if they get caught in Colombia using drugs and are
punished there, the Colombian government will inform the German government,
and send them home, and when they get to Germany the German government will
then pushish them again. I thought this was rediculous.
--
David Ashley
dash@netcom.com

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mushrooms
first time, i was sitting painting trying to just ease into the unknown.
i kept on testing my mind for what was "different", as i tend to do. of
course i thought i was feeling everything when i was feeling not much.. i
was very much trying to control the situation. anyway i didn't really
"let go" the whole time, i felt far away, out of time, struggling. it
sucked. i couldn't say a word, could NOT express my thoughts, and this
sorta confused me.
the whole thing ended up having to do with talking, realising how shallow
it is and how everybody knows everything without talking, or something
like that.
second time was something else. i tried to control it as well, but then
i noticed this triangle on the ceiling from light and it was the first
time i ever "let" myself hallucinate.
that triangle became the central comfort zone i kept going back to, it
was like a mountain or something and was totally beautiful. we sat in
this room the whole time. i went through so much stuff, i cried a bunch
of times and it felt fucking great. i realised communicating was stupid,
and you don't trip "with" somebody (the person kept trying to pull me
into his thing, i kept trying to get him into mine) you are on your OWN,
and that is what is important. that trip was about being validated in
your own mind instead of trying to get it from other people.
i really got deep into myself. it was like changing channels though.
the person i was with changed faces a million times. i mean from
sinister and evil to dying and sickness to godlike, it was crazy. the
weirdest thing was towards the end, i was looking up at the triangle and
the whole trip turned BAD on me, totally, like a bad 60's movie. it was
like it DIED. everything that was beautiful turned ugly, and i kept
seeing it even when i closed my eyes and opened them again. i freaked
out and turned on the light in the room and realised i was AWARE of time,
it freaked me out, i couldn't stand it, because i COULD NOT COMMUNICATE
it to my partner. i calmed myself down by staring at the ugly bad stuff
and facing it, but after that everything seemed freaky like when i would
look at my friend he had these toothbrush bristles growing out of his
face. i stared them down and became him, communicating face to face,
trying to see if we were reading each other's minds or something. after
a while we ate and stared at clouds....it was weird.
-- rec.drugs.psychedelic

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From: rbrennan@aol.com (RBrennan)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: The Courts, the DEA, and Drugs
Date: 30 Dec 1994 19:09:32 -0500
Message-ID: <3e27fs$qrq@newsbf02.news.aol.com>
With all of the furor about the DEA online recently, I decided to
compile a short but interesting group of Federal Circuit Court of
Appeals & US Supreme Court decisions addressing the topic of how
the DEA runs operations. The following material contains excerpts
from various court opinions. The actual final legal disposition of
most of these cases as well as the substantive and procedural legal
attacks brought have been edited out. I would also like to point
out that the law changes frequently and may be interpreted
differently by different Federal Circuits and different judges, and
the following material does not necessarily reflect the current law
or the majority concensus. However, for what it's worth, it is
interesting to see how the DEA operates.
-RBrennan
"And you thought we had rights in this country!"
(Cite as: 476 U.S. 321, 106 S.Ct. 1871, 90 L.Ed.2d 299)
Thomas J. HENDERSON, Scott O. Thornton and Ruth Freedman,
Petitioners
v.
UNITED STATES.
No. 84-1744.
Argued April 1, 1986.
Decided May 19, 1986.
**1873 POWELL, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in
which BURGER, C.J., and REHNQUIST, STEVENS, and O'CONNOR, JJ.,
joined. WHITE, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which BRENNAN,
MARSHALL, and BLACKMUN, JJ., joined, post, p. ---.
I
A jury convicted petitioners of charges arising out of
manufacture, possession, and distribution of controlled
substances.S *323 [FN1] The evidence at trial showed that in
February and April 1980 petitioner Henderson, under the alias
"Richard Martin," placed orders with a scientific supply company in
Ohio for chemicals that could be used in the manufacture of illegal
drugs. The orders attracted the attention of the Drug Enforcement
Agency. Agents obtained a warrant from a United States Magistrate,
authorizing installation of an electronic transmitter in one of the
chemical containers. Henderson drove from California to Ohio,
picked up the second order of chemicals on June 24, and headed
west. Agents lost the tracking signal despite their following by
both car and plane, only to receive it later in July from
petitioner Freedman's house near Watsonville, California. A search
pursuant to warrant on July 17 revealed an illicit drug factory.
The last of the codefendants, Peter Bell, was arraigned on
September 3, 1980.
FN1. The jury convicted all three petitioners of conspiracy to
manufacture and possess with intent to distribute methamphetamine
and phenyl-2- propanone, see 21 U.S.C. s 846; petitioners Thornton
and Freedman of manufacture and possession with intent to
distribute of methamphetamine, see s 842(a)(1); and petitioner
Henderson of traveling interstate with intent to promote the
manufacture and possession of methamphetamine, see 18 U.S.C. s
1952(a)(3).
(Cite as: 27 F.3d 1035)
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
Melvin Glenn NEAL, Ricky Clyde Duncan, Leslie Raymond Jones,
Clifford P.Sutherland, James Glen Pace, Evelyn Austin Graham,
Timothy Wade Green, Jacky Ronald Pace, Gilbert D. Smith, Jimmy
Wayne Joyce, Defendants-Appellants.
No. 90-1957.
United States Court of Appeals,
Fifth Circuit.
July 21, 1994.
Rehearing Denied Sept. 22, 1994.
Before GOLDBERG, HIGGINBOTHAM, and EMILIO M. GARZA, Circuit
Judges.
EMILIO M. GARZA, Circuit Judge:
Defendants Jacky Ronald Pace, James Glen Pace, Melvin Glenn
Neal, Ricky Clyde Duncan, Leslie Raymond Jones, Clifford P.
Sutherland, Evelyn Austin Graham, Timothy Wade Green, Gilbert D.
Smith, and Jimmy Wayne Joyce ("the Defendants") were jointly tried
and convicted of various offenses stemming from a conspiracy to
manufacture, possess, and distribute amphetamine. All ten
defendants were convicted of conspiring to manufacture, distribute,
or possess with intent to distribute a controlled substance, in
violation of 21 U.S.C. ss 841(a)(1) and 846 (1988). [FN1] All ten
defendants now appeal their *1041 convictions. We affirm in part,
vacate in part, and remand in part.
FN1. Additionally, the jury found Jacky Pace guilty of one
count of aiding and abetting the manufacture of amphetamine, in
violation of 21 U.S.C. ss 841(a)(1) and (2); one count of engaging
in a continuing criminal enterprise, in violation of 21 U.S.C. s
848; multiple counts of investing income derived from a drug
conspiracy, in violation of 21 U.S.C. s 854; one count of aiding
and abetting interstate travel in furtherance of a drug conspiracy,
in violation of 18 U.S.C. ss 1952 and 2; and one count of
conspiring to impede the Internal Revenue Service, in violation of
18 U.S.C. s 371. James Glen Pace was convicted of multiple counts
of investing income derived from a drug conspiracy, one count of
conspiring to impede the Internal Revenue Service, and one count of
using a communication facility to facilitate the conspiracy to
manufacture amphetamine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. s 843(b). Neal
was found guilty of engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise,
multiple counts of investing income derived from a drug conspiracy,
and conspiring to impede the Internal Revenue Service. The jury
convicted Duncan of engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise,
investing income derived from a drug conspiracy, aiding and
abetting interstate travel in furtherance of a drug conspiracy, and
conspiring to impede the Internal Revenue Service. Smith was found
guilty of five counts of investing income derived from a drug
conspiracy and one count of aiding and abetting interstate travel
in furtherance of a drug conspiracy.
I
In 1984 and 1985, Jacky Pace operated an extensive conspiracy
to distribute amphetamine. At varying points throughout the
conspiracy's existence, Pace recruited the other Defendants into
his organization. Pace also established a network of phony
corporations ("the JRP group") to purchase the chemicals and
equipment necessary to manufacture amphetamine and to launder the
money he received from his amphetamine operations. Agents of the
Drug Enforcement Administration ("DEA") and the Texas Department of
Public Safety ("TDPS") apparently learned of Pace's involvement in
the amphetamine trade through surveillance of Metroplex Chemicals,
a Dallas business that supplied chemicals and glassware to
amphetamine manufacturers.
In June 1987, the government brought a forty-three count
indictment charging thirty-one persons with various offenses
arising out of their participation in Pace's amphetamine
distribution ring. The case proceeded to trial in May 1989, but
the district court declared a mistrial because of excessive
publicity. In October 1989, the case again proceeded to trial, and
the jury returned with its guilty verdicts in September 1990.
Cite as: 16 F.3d 1223
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
Bud RIGGINS and Donald McVean, Defendants-Appellees.
Nos. 93-5075, 93-5076.
United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.
Before: GUY and SILER, Circuit Judges; and CHURCHILL, Senior
District Judge. [FN*]
PER CURIAM.
**1 After a jury trial, defendants were convicted of
conspiracy and attempt to manufacture a controlled substance, in
violation of 21 U.S.C. s 846, as well as possession of triple-neck
round-bottom flasks with intent to manufacture a controlled
substance, in violation of 21 U.S.C. s 843(a)(6). Defendants filed
a post-trial Rule 29 motion for judgment of acquittal, which the
district court granted. The government now challenges the court's
decision. Finding that a reasonable jury could have concluded that
defendants' conduct satisfied, beyond a reasonable doubt, the
elements of the charged offenses, we reverse and remand.
I.
In May 1991, Bud Riggins placed an order for ten kilograms of
isosafrole and twenty liters of methanol with Eastman Fine
Chemicals ("Eastman") of Rochester, New York. For numerous
reasons, Riggins's isosafrole order aroused the suspicion of
Richard Hapeman, Eastman's manager of quality assurance. For
instance, isosafrole was, at the time, a chemical found on the
DEA's " 'watch list,' an informal list of chemicals often used
illegally which is published to suppliers." [FN1] In addition, the
order was far larger than standard orders, which typically do not
exceed one kilogram. Hapeman also noted that Riggins did not
appear to be using a business address, and that the business
Riggins had listed, Logan Ag Lab & Supply, had never before placed
an order with Eastman. Furthermore, Riggins initially informed
Hapeman that he wanted the chemicals shipped COD, a request that
Hapeman could not honor given company policy. That Riggins would
decide to initiate dealings with Eastman at that point seemed
particularly strange to Hapeman, especially since, as Hapeman
surmised, Riggins could have sought out other suppliers that were
not only geographically closer to him, but also could offer a
better price.
Dubious as to Riggins's intentions, Hapeman sought and
obtained Riggins's written assurance that the chemicals would not
be used in any food or drug or in a residential setting. Hapeman
also contacted the DEA, notifying the agency as to his suspicions.
The case was then referred to the DEA office in Louisville,
Kentucky. Louisville DEA agents contacted the DEA laboratory in
Chicago and were informed that isosafrole is a precursor to the
manufacture of 3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine ("MDA"), a schedule
I hallucinogen under 21 U.S.C. s 812.
After getting confirmation from Eastman that Riggins had
indeed placed the order in question, Louisville DEA Agent Gary
Tennant decided to make a controlled delivery of the chemicals.
Although a perusal of the local phone book did not reveal a phone
number for either Riggins or the Logan Ag Lab & Supply Company,
Tennant did manage to find a number to call by consulting various
shipping documents. The individual who answered the call, "Don,"
instructed that the delivery be made to an airplane hanger on
Riggins's farm in Logan County, Kentucky.
After the isosafrole package had been equipped with a beeper
transmitting device, a delivery for the full amount under Riggins's
order took place on June 10, 1991. A person identifying himself as
Clarence Gamble [FN2] accepted the delivery. As the delivery was
being made, Tennant noticed a "distinctive chemical smell," which
he associated with acetic anhydride, a substance used in the
production of amphetamines. The DEA continued their surveillance
of the area for nearly 40 hours.
**2 On June 11, 1991, the DEA, accompanied by state and local
police, executed a search of the hanger and the surrounding area.
As the investigators arrived on the scene, Riggins remarked:
"[Y]ou are here about them chemicals ain't you." (App. 234.) He
then informed the agents that he had removed the isosafrole and
methanol from the hanger to a residence on the property. At the
time, the residence, though owned by Riggins, was occupied by
Donald McVean, a friend and business associate of Riggins. During
the search of the hanger, DEA Agent Arnold Fitzgerald, much as
Tennant had done the day before, noticed the smell of acetic
anhydride. [FN3] The search did, in fact, uncover acetic anhydride
as well as hydrobromic acid and 11 marijuana plants. Perhaps as
revealing as what the agents did find was what they did not find:
"There was no evidence found indicating the existence of a
legitimate chemical business. "There was no evidence of the
presence of fire safety equipment or use of safety storage
principles."
The agents also searched Riggins's pick-up truck, which was
parked outside the hanger. In the back seat, they found a book
entitled "Drug Manufacturing for Fun and Profit." While the book
did not include a recipe for MDA, it did devote a chapter to the
manufacture of dimethyltryptomine, or "DMT," a controlled substance
manufactured in much the same way as MDA.
The most plentiful source of evidence turned out to be
Riggins's residence, located in a large clearing at a "considerable
distance from any other building" on the farm. While the agents
left the premises to secure a search warrant for the residence,
McVean was permitted to remain inside unattended for approximately
30 to 40 minutes. When the agents returned, [FN4] and immediately
upon entering the residence, Tennant and Fitzgerald detected "a
very pungent and strong smell of ether." [FN5]
A thorough search ensued after the agents ventilated the
residence. In the living room, the agents noted the following
"scattered about" items: Isosafrole--(10) 1 kilogram bottles--full;
(2) 500 milliliter bottles--full and 1/2 full Methanol--(1) 20
liter metal can--full Ethyl Alcohol--(2) 4 liter bottles--full and
1/2 full Sulfuric Acid--(1) 6 1/2 liter bottle--full and (1) 2 1/2
liter bottle-- 1/2 full Hydrogen Peroxide 30%--(5) 500 milliliter
bottles--full; (1) 4 liter glass bottle-- 1/2 full Ethyl Ether
(EM)--(10) 1 liter bottles--(9) full; (1) 1/2 full Ethyl Ether
(Fischer)--(1) 4 liter bottle-- 1/2 full Alumina Activated--(1) 2
1/2 liter bottle--full Toluene--(1) 4 liter bottle--full Formic
Acid 88%--(4) 4 liter plastic bottles--3 1/4 full Formic Acid--(2)
2/5 liter plastic bottles--full Aluminum Metal--(2) 500 milligram
plastic bottles--full Isopropyl 70%--(12) 1 pint bottles--full
(Wal-Mart brand) Isatoic Anhydride--(1) 500 gram bottles--full
Muriatic Acid--(1) 1 gallon plastic bottle--full **3 Chromium
Trioxide--(1) 1 liter bottle--full Sodium Acetate--(1) 25 pound
plastic bottle The agents also discovered (3) 3,000 milliliter
single neck flasks; (1) 1,000 milliliter single neck flask; and
(1) hot plate.
In addition to a Lyman 500 scale, an Ohaus GT 8000 scale and
(2) lab thermometers, a search of the kitchen yielded: Acetone
[FN6] Phosphoric Acid--(1) 2 1/2 liter bottle-- 3/4 full
Raney-Nickel [FN7]--(5) 100 gram metal containers--full (stored in
refrigerator) Chromium Trioxide--(1) 500 gram bottle-- 1/2 full
Inositol [FN8] Empty Gelatine Capsules [FN9]--(2) plastic zip lock
bags containing approximately 420
In a first floor bedroom, the agents found a computer that was
in the process of printing out documents. These documents, Riggins
and McVean contend, were catalogs that they had intended to send to
companies in the chemical supply industry. A search of another
bedroom netted the agents a loaded .38 caliber Smith & Wesson
revolver. The revolver was found on a night stand beside a bed.
McVean apparently had been using the room as his sleeping area.
The agents also searched the attic. The items found there
were particularly noteworthy because they had been concealed behind
a sheet of plywood. Once McVean found out that the hiding place
had been discovered, he said: "[O]h, shit." [FN10] The attic is
where the agents located Riggins's and McVean's most sizable cache:
Hydrochloric Acid--(1) 2 1/2 liter bottle-- 3/4 full Potassium
Dichromate Merk--(1) 1 pound container--full Ethyl Alcohol--(1) 4
liter bottle-- 1/10 full Acetic Acid, Glacial--(1) 2 1/2 liter
bottle--full Ethyl Acetate--(1) 4 liter bottle-- 3/4 full
Formamide--(1) 1 quart bottle--full Diethyl Malonate--(1) 2
kilogram bottle-- 1/2 full Phenylacetaldehyde--(2) 250 gram
bottles-- 3/4 full each 1-Bromoethyl Benzene--(1) 100 gram bottle--
1/2 full N-Butyl Chloride--(1) 4 liter bottle--full Nitric
Acid--(2) 2 1/2 liter bottles--full Titrant Standard Potassium
Hydroxide Alcoholic--(2) 500 ML bottle--full Isosafrole--(3) 250
gram bottles--full Isonitrosoproprophenone--(4) 1/2 quart
bottles--full Magnesium metal--(6) 500 gram bottles--full Unknown
liquid--(1) 4 liter bottle-- 1/4 full Potassium Permanganate--(2)
500 gram bottles--full Pyridine--(1) 1 one liter bottle-- 1/4 full
Phenylacetyl--(4) 100 gram bottles-- 3/4 full Toluidine--(1) 500
gram bottle--full Acetyl Acetone--(2) 500 milliliter bottles--full
Carbon Tetrachloride--(1) 500 milliliter bottle--full
Phenylacetonitrile--(1) 1 kilogram bottle--full Methyl Iodide--(1)
100 milliliter bottle--full Chromium Trioxide--(1) 500 gram
bottle--full The attic also produced the following paraphernalia:
[FN11] (3) 5,000 milliliter triple neck flasks, (3) 3,000
milliliter triple neck flasks, (4) 4,000 milliliter Pyrex beakers,
(1) heating mantel (100 ml.), [FN12] separatory funnels, graduated
cylinders, and condensers.
**4 In March 1992, on the strength of the evidence obtained as
a result of the searches detailed above, a federal grand jury
returned a seven-count indictment naming Riggins and McVean as
defendants. Specifically, the indictment listed several counts
relating directly to the defendants' alleged MDA operation,
including: conspiracy [FN13] (Count 1) and attempt [FN14] (Count
2) to manufacture MDA, in violation of 21 U.S.C. s 846; and
possession of triple-neck round-bottom flasks with intent to
manufacture MDA, in violation of 21 U.S.C. s 843(a)(6) [FN15]
(Count 5). The indictment also contained two firearm charges: the
use and carrying of a firearm, in violation of 18 U.S.C. s 924(c)
(Count 3); and possession of a firearm by a convicted felon,
[FN16] in violation of 18 U.S.C. s 922(g)(1) & (2) (Count 4).
Finally, the indictment charged Riggins with two other drug-related
offenses: manufacturing marijuana, in violation of 21 U.S.C. s 841
(Count 6); and possession with intent to distribute marijuana, in
violation of 21 U.S.C. s 841(a)(1) (Count 7).
At trial, defendants attempted to portray their operation as
a legitimate chemical supply and produce business, not an illicit
drug manufacturing center. Testimony given during the trial
established that the government tested samples of 10 out of the 41
substances found as a result of the search. The government's
chemist, Odest Washington, opined that Riggins's farm provided an
ideal setting for a clandestine laboratory because it was well
hidden by trees. As to the chemicals found on the farm, Washington
testified that eight of them could have been used to manufacture
MDA: isosafrole, formamide, formic acid, sulfuric acid,
hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, toluidine, acetone, and
methanol.
Although virtually all of the ingredients to make MDA were
thus present, Washington noted that several pieces of laboratory
equipment vital to the manufacturing process were not. For
instance, the government's search of Riggins's farm did not turn up
a rheostat, a device for regulating temperature. In addition, the
agents could not locate ring stands, clamps, or other apparatus
designed to hold the equipment during synthesis. Finally,
Washington observed that the heating mantle found in the attic of
Riggins's residence would not have fit the 3,000 or 5,000
millimeter flasks that were also found in the attic.
At the close of the government's case and again, at the close
of all the proof, defendants moved for a judgment of acquittal
pursuant Fed.R.Crim.P. 29. On both occasions, the district court
denied defendants' motions. Subsequently, the jury returned a not
guilty verdict against Riggins on Counts 4, 6, and 7. The jury
did, however, convict both defendants on Counts 1, 2, and 5, and
McVean on Count 4. [FN17]
(Cite as 8 F.3d 316)
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
Karl HOFSTATTER (92-1836) and Michael Griffor (92-1805),
Defendants-Appellants.
Nos. 92-1805/1836.
United States Court of Appeals,
Sixth Circuit.
Argued June 17, 1993.
Decided Sept. 28, 1993 [FN1].
I
In May of 1989 the Drug Enforcement Administration received
information from a chemical company in Connecticut that a
suspicious order had been received from "JAH Company," of Ann
Arbor, Michigan, for the chemical phenylpropanolamine.
The DEA subsequently monitored numerous purchases of precursor
chemicals by defendants Hofstatter and Griffor, ostensibly acting
on behalf of JAH or "Robert Kaye and Company." On one occasion
defendant Griffor was found to have used the name "Michael Edwards"
in picking up a shipment of ephedrine.
On June 20, 1991, agents of the DEA executed a warrant to search
the premises at 712 and 715 East Kingsley, in Ann Arbor, *320 where
the defendants had gone after one of their pickups of chemicals.
At 712 East Kingsley the agents found laboratory equipment and
supplies, including vacuum flasks and a turkey baster, along with
written records of experiments involving the manufacture of
methylcathinone, an analogue of the controlled substance
methamphetamine. In a box with chemicals and equipment was a
notebook detailing the experiments. One entry in the notebook read
as follows: "let some sit for 3 days (less smell) closer to
amphed." Another read "took first sample at 8:00 pm--quality:
(all est. from - 1--+ 10) euphoria (7), speed (6), conversation
(8), smell (2) [FN*] taste (1), jones (4) (one being no jones)."
Taped to the inside covers of the notebook were photographs of Mr.
Griffor and his dogs. Also seized were personal papers of Mr.
Hofstatter and address books containing names of chemical supply
companies and various chemical formulae. In a kitchen freezer
agents found more than a kilogram of phenylpropanolamine solution.
Elsewhere in the house they found chemicals needed for the
manufacture of methylcathinone, cathinone, 4-methylaminorex, and
n-methyl-4-methylaminorex.
There was no toluene (a solvent widely used in making such
substances), but, as noted above, there was evidence that toluene
had been used.
FN* A note connected to the rating for "smell" read as
follows: "smells as if we did not get all of toluene out but K
insists that we did. I am going to reclean some and find out."
Mr. Griffor's automobile, which had been used the day before to
pick up ephedrine, was parked in the driveway of 715 East Kingsley.
The automobile was also searched. Inside the car were found two
bags containing personal papers, notebooks, and envelopes in the
name of Mr. Hofstatter. The documents described "khat" (an East
African plant containing cathinone) and methylaminorex (a drug also
known as "rex" or "U4euh," a homophone of euphoria). Formulae for
the manufacture of methylcathinone were found in the car, as was a
Federal Register notice indicating that methylaminorex was to be
scheduled as a controlled substance by the DEA.
The defendants were indicted on charges of conspiracy to possess
listed chemicals with intent to manufacture controlled substances
and controlled substance analogues (count one); possession of
listed chemicals with intent to manufacture controlled substance
analogues and controlled substances (counts two as to Griffor,
three as to Hofstatter, and four, five, and six); conspiracy to
open or maintain a place for the purpose of manufacturing
controlled substance analogues and controlled substances (count
seven), and endangering human life while attempting to manufacture
a controlled substance illegally (count eight as to Hofstatter).
DEA chemist Terry Dal Cason determined that the seized documents
contained 23 iterations of the formula for manufacturing
methylcathinone. Cason testified at trial that the defendants had
the chemicals and the know-how necessary to manufacture
methylcathinone, cathinone, 4-methylaminorex, and
n-methyl-4-methylaminorex. Cason also testified that
methylcathinone has a chemical structure substantially similar to
that of the controlled substance methamphetamine; that cathinone
has a chemical structure substantially similar to that of
amphetamine, which is likewise a controlled substance; that 4-
methylaminorex is a controlled substance; and that
-methyl-4-methylaminorex has a chemical structure substantially
similar to that of 4-methylaminorex.
DEA Agent Mary Sandy testified that while posing as a chemical
supply store employee she had twice sold listed precursor chemicals
to Mr. Hofstatter. She went on to tell the jury that after the
ephedrine purchase on June 19, 1991, agents followed Messrs.
Hofstatter and Griffor to 715 Kingsley in Ann Arbor, where Mr.
Hofstatter removed items from Mr. Griffor's car while it was parked
in the driveway. Through the car window Agent Sandy was able to
see a computer and other items.
The government also introduced evidence that in May of 1987 local
authorities had discovered chemicals, laboratory equipment,
formulae, and small quantities of 4-methylaminorex in a trailer
rented by Mr. Hofstatter in Pasco County, Florida. It would be
fair to infer from this evidence that the trailer had been used as
a site for illicit manufacture of a controlled substance.
The jury found Mr. Hofstatter guilty on all counts in which he
was charged except counts seven and eight. Mr. Griffor was
convicted on all of the counts in which he was charged except
counts two and seven. Mr. Hofstatter was sentenced to concurrent
terms of imprisonment for 96 months. The sentence reflected a
two-level enhancement in Mr. Hofstatter's guideline offense level
because of his having played a leadership role. Mr. Griffor was
sentenced to concurrent sentences of 36 months. Both defendants
perfected timely appeals.
(Cite as: 955 F.2d 630)
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
Wayne Richard ALLEN, Jr., Defendant-Appellant.
No. 90-50666.
United States Court of Appeals,
Ninth Circuit.
Submitted Jan. 8, 1992 [FN*].
Before FARRIS, NOONAN and TROTT, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Wayne Richard Allen appeals the district court's denial of his
motion to dismiss the indictment against him on the ground of
outrageous government misconduct. We affirm.
In 1985, one Charles Hill organized Triple Neck Scientific, a
chemical supply house patronized by Allen and the source of
information that Allen was involved in the manufacture of
methamphetamine. At about the same time, Hill contacted the *631
local Drug Enforcement Agency office and agreed to supply them with
information regarding customers purchasing chemicals and equipment
used to manufacture methamphetamine. This arrangement enabled the
DEA to initiate an operation spanning some four years to identify
methamphetamine manufacturers in southern California. During that
time, the DEA undertook a variety of actions, including (1) the
purchase of advertising to assist Hill in generating business, (2)
camera surveillance of Triple Neck premises and (3) the use of a
law enforcement officer as an undercover employee of Triple Neck.
The DEA was aware that substantial amounts of precursor chemicals
were being sold during the operation, and it permitted Hill to
retain all funds he received through Triple Neck.
[1] Allen contends that government involvement in the
oversight and manning of Triple Neck Scientific amounted to
outrageous misconduct. We will dismiss an indictment if government
misconduct has been so outrageous that it results in a violation of
due process. United States v. Luttrell, 889 F.2d 806, 811 (9th
Cir.1989), modified, 923 F.2d 764 (9th Cir.1991) (en banc). We
have pointed out that the channel for relief opened by this defense
is a most narrow one. United States v. Simpson, 813 F.2d 1462,
1465 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 898, 108 S.Ct. 233, 98
L.Ed.2d 192 (1987).
In reviewing Allen's motion to dismiss, we must determine
initially whether the government's conduct was " 'so grossly
shocking and so outrageous as to violate the universal sense of
justice.' " Id. at 1464 (quoting United States v. Ramirez, 710
F.2d 535, 539 (9th Cir.1983)). It was not.
Unsavory conduct alone will not cause the dismissal of an
indictment. United States v. Smith, 924 F.2d 889, 897 (9th
Cir.1991); Simpson, 813 F.2d at 1464.
[2] The government's consent to and participation in the
operation of a facility for the supply of chemicals used in the
manufacture of methamphetamine does not offend the universal sense
of justice. We must view the question "in light of the limited
range of law enforcement techniques available for investigating
drug manufacturing enterprises." United States v. Smith, 538 F.2d
1359, 1361 (9th Cir.1976); see also United States v. Russell, 411
U.S. 423, 432, 93 S.Ct. 1637, 1643, 36 L.Ed.2d 366 (1973)
(considering "practicable means of detection" of illicit drug
manufacture and concluding that infiltration and supply of drug
manufacturing rings are "recognized and permissible means of
investigation" that do not offend a universal sense of justice).
Manufacturers of methamphetamine might resort to hundreds of supply
houses in the area to obtain the required materials. Closing any
one of them would have little effect on a manufacturer's access to
others like them.

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I want first to express my personal opinion that freebasing is
a very bad thing to do for your body and mind. I have seen a few
people hooked on it, and it is not a nice thing to see. I strongly
disrecommend doing it. It is easy to overdose and die of cardiac
arrest. Some people doing freebase will exhibit the same kind of
behavior as those rats whose pleasure centers are electrically
stimulated: they will do it until either the supply runs out, or until
they die.
The recipes are readily available. In fact, a few years ago,
police officers would go to great lengths explaining how crack was
made when given interviews (at least in Montreal)! There was also an
article in Time a few years ago explaining the procedures.
I have never tried any of those procedures or smoked freebase,
and will never do it. The information I post comes from a used booklet
I bought a long time ago ("Cocaine Handbook", by Davis).
Crack is actually a impure form of freebase. Procedures for
both substances are based on the fact that while cocaine hydrochloride
is very soluble in water, base cocaine is almost insoluble.
freebase:
mix about 1 g of coke in 10 ml of water in a small vial.
Slowly add drops of ammonia to the solution. A white milky precipitate
will form. Stop adding ammonia when additional drops no longer result
in precipitation. Add 5 ml of ethyl ether, close vial, and shake. The
precipitate (freebase) will dissolve in the ether. Siphon off the
ether with a pipette (ether and water don't mix), and slowly drip it
on a plate. As the ether evaporates, white crystals will form. This is
the evil freebase. Crush the crystals and put under a heat lamp for at
least 24 hrs to let the solvent evaporate.
ETHYL ETHER IS EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. IN THE PRESENCE OF AIR IT
CAN FORM PEROXIDES WHICH WILL SPONTANEOUSLY EXPLODE! ALSO, ETHER CAN
"CRAWL" FROM AN OPEN BOTTLE AND TRIGGER AN EXPLOSION MANY FEET AWAY.
This is how Richard Pryor almost died. A lot of untrained
people killed themselves doing that procedure, and this is why crack
is now more popular.
crack:
mix 2 parts ok coke HCL for 1 part baking soda in 20 ml of
water. Heat solution gently until white precipitates form, and stop
heating when precipitation stops. Filter and keep precipitate. wash
precipitate once with water (this procedure usually omitted in street
product). Dry 24 hours under heat lamp. Voila. The product is much
less pure (there is lots of baking soda left) but the procedure is
safer.
=============================================================================
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 92 09:21:26 -0500
From: (anonymous)
Subject: Crack / Rock Cocaine
Let me first say that this is also freebase. Its not as pure
as the other recipe and has a *much smaller return* than using
ammonia (no one really does the ether part, just ammonia and heat it).
[previous crack "recipe" deleted -cak]
After gentle heating, it will float to the top, any excess soda
will precipitate to the bottom. Given that, you'd never filter
it, and the 24 hour heat lamp thing is unrealistic, too. Note that
what you're trying to do is start and sustain a chemical reaction
(bonding the hcl with the base-soda) so as long as the reaction
is happening you don't have to continue heating.
=============================================================================
In article <1993Mar4.215558.9171@midway.uchicago.edu> bagg@midway.uchicago.edu writes:
>I suspect that freebase cocaine is probably not too bad for your lungs.
After writing this, I bopped onto Medline and yanked the following abstracts
for the sake of thoroughness:
1. Khalsa ME; Tashkin DP; Perrochet B.
Smoked cocaine: patterns of use and pulmonary consequences.
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 1992 Jul-Sep, 24(3):265-72.
(UI: 93058148)
Abstract: This article offers a perspective on the use of volatilized
alkaloidal cocaine in its freebase and crack forms and on the pulmonary
consequences of such use. The inhalational route of administration of
freebase and crack cocaine exposes the lung to their combustion products,
raising concern about possible adverse pulmonary effects. A brief
historical review of cocaine and its methods of use precedes the
presentation of data concerning current modes and patterns of use and some
pulmonary complications of crack and freebase use. Results from a
systematic study of a large sample of cocaine users document a high
frequency of occurrence of acute respiratory symptoms in temporal
association with cocaine smoking. No relationship was detected between the
prevalence of acute pulmonary symptoms and identifiable aspects of
techniques of cocaine administration. These results suggest that the
respiratory consequences of alkaloidal cocaine are most likely attributable
to the inhaled cocaine itself, rather than to variable characteristics of
usage.
2. Oh PI; Balter MS.
Cocaine induced eosinophilic lung disease.
Thorax, 1992 Jun, 47(6):478-9.
(UI: 92358464)
Abstract: A patient developed fever, bronchoconstriction, hypoxaemia, pulmonary
infiltrates, and serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid eosinophilia on two
occasions after inhaling crack cocaine. Transbronchial biopsy specimens
showed normal lung parenchyma but a dense eosinophilic infiltrate within
the bronchial wall. Both episodes resolved promptly after treatment with
corticosteroids. Eosinophilic lung disease may be a steroid responsive
complication of crack cocaine abuse.
3. Perper JA; Van Thiel DH.
Respiratory complications of cocaine abuse.
Recent Developments in Alcoholism, 1992, 10:363-77.
(UI: 92270885)
Pub type: Journal Article; Review; Review, Tutorial.
Abstract: Upper respiratory and pulmonary complications of cocaine addiction
have been increasingly reported in recent years, with most of the patients
being intravenous addicts, users of freebase, or smokers of "crack." The
toxicity of cocaine is complex and is exerted via multiple central and
peripheral pathways. Recurrent snorting of cocaine may result in ischemia,
necrosis, and infections of the nasal mucosa, sinuses, and adjacent
structures. Pulmonary complications of cocaine toxicity include pulmonary
edema, pulmonary hemorrhages, pulmonary barotrauma, foreign body
granulomas, cocaine related pulmonary infection, obliterative
bronchiolitis, asthma, and persistent gas-exchange abnormalities.
Respiratory manifestations are nonspecific and include shortness of breath,
cough, wheezing, hemoptysis, and chest pains. Severe respiratory
difficulties have been reported in neonates of abusing mothers. In the
absence of a cocaine-abuse history, it may be difficult to recognize the
etiological role of cocaine, especially in the absence of needle tracks
pointing to previous intravenous drug abuse and/or negative toxicology.
4. Ferre C; Sirvent JM; Vidaller A.
[Hemoptysis and pulmonary infiltrates following crack poisoning (letter)].
Medicina Clinica, 1992 Mar 7, 98(9):358.
Language: Spanish.
(UI: 92261122)
Pub type: Letter.
5. Tashkin DP; Khalsa ME; Gorelick D; Chang P; Simmons MS; Coulson AH; Gong H
Jr.
Pulmonary status of habitual cocaine smokers.
American Review of Respiratory Disease, 1992 Jan, 145(1):92-100.
(UI: 92117426)
Abstract: We determined the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and lung
dysfunction in a large sample of habitual smokers of freebase cocaine
("crack") alone and in combination with tobacco and/or marijuana. In
addition, we compared these findings with those in an age- and race-matched
sample of nonusers of crack who did or did not smoke tobacco and/or
marijuana. A detailed respiratory and drug use questionnaire and a battery
of lung function tests were administered to (1) a convenience sample of 202
habitual smokers of cocaine (cases) who denied intravenous drug abuse and
(2) a reference sample of 99 nonusers of cocaine (control subjects). The
cocaine smokers (85% black) included the following: 68 never-smokers of
marijuana, of whom 43 currently smoked tobacco and 25 did not, and 134
ever-smokers of marijuana (42 current and 92 former), of whom 92 currently
smoked tobacco and 42 did not. The control subjects (96% black) included
the following: 69 never-smokers of marijuana, of whom 26 currently smoked
tobacco and 43 did not, and 30 ever-smokers of marijuana (18 current and 12
former), of whom 21 currently smoked tobacco and 9 did not. Cases smoked an
average of 6.5 g cocaine per week for a mean of 53 months. The median time
of the most recent use of crack prior to study was 19 days (range less than
1 to 180 days). After controlling for the use of other smoked substances,
frequent crack use was associated with: (1) a high prevalence of at least
occasional occurrences of acute cardiorespiratory symptoms within 1 to 12 h
after smoking cocaine (cough productive of black sputum [43.7%], hemoptysis
[5.7%], chest pain [38.5%], usually worse with deep breathing, and cardiac
palpitations [52.6%]) and (2) a mild but significant impairment in the
diffusing capacity of the lung.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
6. O'Donnell AE; Mappin FG; Sebo TJ; Tazelaar H.
Interstitial pneumonitis associated with "crack" cocaine abuse.
Chest, 1991 Oct, 100(4):1155-7.
(UI: 92006753)
Abstract: A 33-year-old woman developed acute bilateral pulmonary infiltrates
after the intense use of rock cocaine (crack). She subsequently had
progressive deterioration of pulmonary function to the point of being
ventilator-dependent. Open lung biopsy showed a chronic interstitial
pneumonia with extensive accumulation of free silica within histiocytes
associated with mild pulmonary fibrosis. This pattern of interstitial
pneumonia has not been previously reported in crack users.
7. Susskind H; Weber DA; Volkow ND; Hitzemann R.
Increased lung permeability following long-term use of free-base cocaine
(crack).
Chest, 1991 Oct, 100(4):903-9.
(UI: 92006781)
Abstract: The clearance of inhaled 99mTc DTPA aerosol from the lungs is used as
an index of lung epithelial permeability. Using the radioaerosol method, we
investigated the effects of long-term "crack" (free-base cocaine)
inhalation on lung permeability in 23 subjects. Eighteen control subjects
(12 nonsmokers and 6 cigarette smokers) with no history of drug use were
also studied. Subjects inhaled approximately 150 muCi (approximately 5.6
MBq) of 99mTc DTPA aerosol and quantitative gamma camera images of the
lungs were acquired at 1-min increments for 25 minutes. Regions of interest
(ROIs) were selected to include the following: (1) both lungs; (2) each
individual lung; and (3) the upper, middle, and lower thirds of each lung.
99mTc DTPA lung clearance was determined from the slopes of the respective
time-activity plots for the different RIOs. Radioaerosol clearance
half-times (T1/2) for the seven nonsmoking crack users (61.5 +/- 18.3
minutes) were longer than for the seven cigarette-smoking crack users (27.9
+/- 16.9 minutes) and nine cigarette-smoking crack plus marijuana users
(33.5 +/- 21.6 minutes). T1/2 for the nonsmoking crack users was
significantly shorter (p less than 0.001) than for the nonsmoking control
group (123.8 +/- 28.7 minutes). T1/2 for the cigarette-smoking drug users
was similar to that of the cigarette-smoking control group (33.1 +/- 17.8
minutes), suggesting a similar mechanism of damage from the smoke of crack
and tobacco. From these groups, one nonsmoker and 11 cigarette smokers
displayed biexponential 99mTc DTPA clearances, indicative of greater lung
injury than found in the usual cases of monoexponential clearance. The
upper lungs of all crack users groups cleared faster than the lower lungs.
The faster and biexponential clearance properties of inhaled 99mTc DTPA
aerosol were the principal functional abnormalities found in all the drug
users. In contrast, 19 of 23 crack users had normal spirometry and gas
exchange. These results indicate that 99mTc DTPA may provide a sensitive
and useful assay to evaluate the physiologic effects of cocaine inhalation
in the lung.
8. McCarroll KA; Roszler MH.
Lung disorders due to drug abuse.
Journal of Thoracic Imaging, 1991 Jan, 6(1):30-5.
(UI: 91116637)
Pub type: Journal Article; Review; Review, Academic.
Abstract: Drug-related diseases of the lungs have been noted with increasing
frequency in urban patients. These entities are also being seen in smaller
urban and suburban settings, however. The spectrum of pathology is also
changing coincident with the marked increase in crack cocaine use. The
incidence of abnormal chest radiographs in cocaine users admitted with
pulmonary complaints has ranged from 12% to 55%. Findings have included
focal air space disease, atelectasis, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and
pulmonary edema. Pulmonary complications related to injections of illicit
drugs have included pulmonary infection, pulmonary edema, particulate
embolism, and talcosis. The "pocket shot" places the patient at risk for a
unique set of complications. Radiologists should be aware of this wide
spectrum of pulmonary disease that may be related to this increasingly
frequent social problem.
9. Smart RG.
Crack cocaine use: a review of prevalence and adverse effects.
American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 1991, 17(1):13-26.
(UI: 91247446)
Pub type: Journal Article; Review; Review, Tutorial.
Abstract: Crack is a potent form of cocaine which results in rapid and striking
stimulant effects when smoked. This paper reviews epidemiological research
on the extent of use as well as reports of adverse effects. Crack is used
by a small minority of adult and student populations but by a large
proportion of cocaine users and heavy drug-using groups. Use does not
appear to be increasing in general populations, but there are no trend
studies for high-risk groups. Crack users tend to be young, heavy polydrug
users, many of whom have serious drug abuse problems. The adverse reactions
to crack are similar to those of cocaine and include effects on offspring,
neurological and psychiatric problems, as well as pulmonary and cardiac
abnormalities. However, two adverse reactions unique to crack have been
reported. One relates to lung infiltrates and bronchospasm. The other
involves neurological symptoms among children living in crack smoke-filled
rooms. There is a need for improved treatment and preventive programs for
crack use.
10. Forrester JM; Steele AW; Waldron JA; Parsons PE.
Crack lung: an acute pulmonary syndrome with a spectrum of clinical and
histopathologic findings.
American Review of Respiratory Disease, 1990 Aug, 142(2):462-7.
(UI: 90343162)
Abstract: In this report, we review the hospital course of four patients who
presented with an acute pulmonary syndrome after inhaling freebase cocaine
and compare them with previously described case reports. Two patients had
prolonged inflammatory pulmonary injury associated with fever, hypoxemia,
hemoptysis, respiratory failure, and diffuse alveolar infiltrates. Lung
tissue specimens from both patients revealed diffuse alveolar damage,
alveolar hemorrhage, and interstitial and intraalveolar inflammatory cell
infiltration notable for the prominence of eosinophils. Immunofluorescent
staining performed on one of the biopsy specimens showed a striking
deposition of IgE in both lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages. Both
patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids and rapidly improved.
In contrast, two patients presented acutely with diffuse pulmonary alveolar
infiltrates associated with dyspnea and hypoxemia, but without fever, and
within 36 h of discontinuing cocaine their pulmonary infiltrates and
symptoms had spontaneously resolved. Our report further supports the
finding that an acute pulmonary syndrome can occur after inhalation of
freebase cocaine. Furthermore, the lung injury may respond to systemic
corticosteroid therapy when it is associated with a prominent inflammatory
cell infiltration.
11. Hannan DJ; Adler AG.
Crack abuse. Do you known enough about it?
Postgraduate Medicine, 1990 Jul, 88(1):141-3, 146-7.
(UI: 90310821)
Pub type: Journal Article; Review; Review, Tutorial.
Abstract: Crack use has increased dramatically because the drug is cheap,
highly addictive, and easy to use. As a result, an increased frequency of
cocaine-related medical problems has been noted. The effects of crack abuse
on fetal outcome and neurobehavioral development are becoming more
apparent. In addition, the role of crack use in furthering transmission of
sexually transmitted diseases has been documented, and the implications for
AIDS transmission have been speculated on. Crack use enhances social
disorganization, particularly in poor urban areas, where increased child
abuse, neglect, and prostitution are common. Ever present are the financial
incentives to increase the number of crack users. Cocaine was once
considered a drug for the elite, rich, and famous. Crack clearly has
changed that notion.
12. Tashkin DP.
Pulmonary complications of smoked substance abuse.
Western Journal of Medicine, 1990 May, 152(5):525-30.
(UI: 90273700)
Pub type: Journal Article; Review; Review, Tutorial.
Abstract: After tobacco, marijuana is the most widely smoked substance in our
society. Studies conducted within the past 15 years in animals, isolated
tissues, and humans indicate that marijuana smoke can injure the lungs.
Habitual smoking of marijuana has been shown to be associated with chronic
respiratory tract symptoms, an increased frequency of acute bronchitic
episodes, extensive tracheobronchial epithelial disease, and abnormalities
in the structure and function of alveolar macrophages, key cells in the
lungs' immune defense system. In addition, the available evidence strongly
suggests that regularly smoking marijuana may predispose to the development
of cancer of the respiratory tract. "Crack" smoking has become increasingly
prevalent in our society, especially among habitual smokers of marijuana.
New evidence is emerging implicating smoked cocaine as a cause of acute
respiratory tract symptoms, lung dysfunction, and, in some cases, serious,
life-threatening acute lung injury. A strong physician message to users of
marijuana, cocaine, or both concerning the harmful effects of these smoked
substances on the lungs and other organs may persuade some of them,
especially those with drug-related respiratory complications, to quit
smoking.
13. Brody SL; Slovis CM; Wrenn KD.
Cocaine-related medical problems: consecutive series of 233 patients [see
comments].
American Journal of Medicine, 1990 Apr, 88(4):325-31.
(UI: 90224989)
Abstract: PURPOSE: Little information describing common cocaine-related medical
problems is available. This study examined the nature, frequency,
treatment, incidence of complications, and emergency department deaths of
patients seeking medical care for acute and chronic cocaine-associated
medical problems. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A consecutive series of 233
hospital visits by 216 cocaine-using patients over a 6-month period during
1986 and 1987 was studied. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed to
determine patient characteristics, nature of complications, treatment, and
outcome. RESULTS: Patients most commonly used cocaine intravenously (49%),
but freebase or crack use was also common (23.3%). Concomitant abuse of
other intoxicants, especially alcohol, was frequently seen (48.5%). The
vast majority of complaints were cardiopulmonary (56.2%), neurologic
(39.1%), and psychiatric (35.8%); multiple symptoms were often present
(57.5%). The most common complaint was chest pain though rarely was it
believed to represent ischemia. Altered mental status was common (27.4%)
and ranged from psychosis to coma. Short-term pharmacologic intervention
was necessary in only 24% of patients, and only 9.9% of patients were
admitted. Acute mortality was less than 1%. CONCLUSION: Most medical
complications of cocaine are short-lived and appear to be related to
cocaine's hyperadrenergic effects. Patients usually do not require
short-term therapy or hospital admission. Acute morbidity and mortality
rates from cocaine use in patients presenting to the hospital are very low,
suggesting that a major focus in the treatment of cocaine-related
emergencies should be referral for drug abuse detoxification and treatment.
14. Wallach SJ.
Medical complications of the use of cocaine.
Hawaii Medical Journal, 1989 Nov, 48(11):461-2.
(UI: 90077816)
Abstract: There are many serious medical problems that are associated with the
use of cocaine and "crack" cocaine.
15. Eurman DW; Potash HI; Eyler WR; Paganussi PJ; Beute GH.
Chest pain and dyspnea related to "crack" cocaine smoking: value of chest
radiography.
Radiology, 1989 Aug, 172(2):459-62.
(UI: 89316319)
Abstract: The chest radiographs of 71 patients who had chest pain or shortness
of breath following the smoking of highly potent "crack" cocaine were
retrospectively evaluated. Nine patients had abnormal findings on
radiographs as follows: atelectasis or localized parenchymal opacification
in four, pneumomediastinum in two, pneumothorax in one, hemopneumothorax in
one, and pulmonary edema in one. Radiographic detection of these
abnormalities was important in the clinical management of these patients.
This spectrum of findings is presented with a discussion of the
pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible.
16. Cherukuri R; Minkoff H; Feldman J; Parekh A; Glass L.
A cohort study of alkaloidal cocaine ("crack") in pregnancy.
Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1988 Aug, 72(2):147-51.
(UI: 88276400)
Abstract: The recent dramatic increase in the use of alkaloidal cocaine
("crack") has led to concern about possible deleterious fetal effects
associated with its use during pregnancy. Crack, which is not destroyed by
heating, can be smoked, and delivers a large quantity of cocaine to the
vascular bed of the lung, producing an effect similar to that from
intravenous injection. To describe the association of crack use with
pregnancy outcome, we conducted a retrospective matched cohort study of 55
women who admitted to the use of crack during pregnancy and 55
non-drug-using women who delivered during the same period. The groups were
matched for age, parity, socioeconomic status, alcohol use, and presence or
absence of prenatal care. A significantly larger number of women using
crack delivered at 37 weeks or earlier (50.9 versus 16.4%; P = .001).
Crack-exposed infants were 3.6 times more likely to have intrauterine
growth retardation (P less than .006) and 2.8 times more likely to have a
head circumference less than the tenth percentile for gestational age (P
less than .007). Premature rupture of the membranes was 1.8 times more
common in the crack group (P less than .03). Sixty percent of crack-using
mothers received no prenatal care. Abnormal neurobehavioral symptoms were
present in a minority of infants and were usually mild.
17. Snyder CA; Wood RW; Graefe JF; Bowers A; Magar K.
"Crack smoke" is a respirable aerosol of cocaine base [published erratum
appears in Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1988 Apr;29(4):835].
Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 1988 Jan, 29(1):93-5.
(UI: 88177036)
Abstract: The smoking of cocaine base [corrected] ("crack") has emerged as a
significant substance abuse problem. A detailed characterization of cocaine
smoke is a prerequisite for studies of its pharmacokinetics, abuse
potential and toxicity. Model pipes were used to generate cocaine smoke
analogous to that inhaled by human "crack" abusers. Using procedures to
minimize pyrolysis, cocaine base smoke was determined to be 93.5% cocaine
particles with the remainder being cocaine vapor. The average particle size
generated from all model pipes was 2.3 mu which is small enough to ensure
deposition into the alveolar region of the human lung. Although this
particle size is eminently respirable [corrected] by primates, a much
smaller fraction will reach the alveolar region of rodents. Special
generating procedures would therefore be required to expose rodents to
meaningful doses of airborne cocaine that mimic the rapid absorption
achieved by "crack" smokers.

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From: mangar@softtail.ksu.ksu.edu (Zar the Mad)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Whippet cracker
Date: 22 Oct 1993 02:22:04 -0500
Message-ID: <2a81msINNat0@softtail.ksu.ksu.edu>
ceh1@acpub.duke.edu (Charles Eric Horowitz) writes:
>Anyone know what kind of store would sell a whippet cracker.
>and also, what are these "cold burns" someone told me about.
>THANX
I don't know about other states, but dispensers are not available in
Kansas. A friend has one, but he is from Missouri and I don't know where he
got his. However, for about $2 you can make your own with PVC pipe
parts from any hardware store.
All you need is a "T" or "L" pipe with threads in one end, a nail, a pipe
fitting for the cartridge, and some silicon sealant (make sure it says
"food contact surface safe"--you don't want to inhale noxious sealant stuff).
I put mine together like this:
-------------------------------
balloon here --> | | nail | cap this end
| | |
------------ ------------
| |
| |
| | <---threads in this end
|
|
|
cartridge holder screws in here
| | <--threaded end
| |
/ \
| |
| |
| |
------- plug fits in bottom
(you'll have to play with
it a little to get the
correct length for the nail
to pierce the cartridge)
I don't remember which size nail I used, as it was an a variety pack with
all sorts of tacks and stuff. Glue the nail in first with shitloads of the
silicon sealant, and then you can fiddle arount with the cartridge holder part
to get the correct length. The pipe parts are 3/4 inch. If you bring
a cartridge with you to the store you can find the parts easier. A friend
made one with an "L" shaped top part instead, and it works fine too.
When the whippit comes out, it is VERY VERY cold. Don't get your hands anywherenear the stuff, and don't use METAL pipe for a dispenser or you will burn
yourself and this sucks.
Hail and kill,
Zar the Mad
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: tmcdonal@ringer.cs.utsa.edu (Tom McDonald)
Subject: Re: Whippet cracker
Message-ID: <1993Oct22.164724.13918@ringer.cs.utsa.edu>
Date: Fri, 22 Oct 1993 16:47:24 GMT
I too, have a homemade version I made out of PVC pipe. It never occurred
to me that they'd *sell* the crackers as well as the cartridges. My design
is very similar to the one posted, except I used an angle piece instead of
a T. It looks very similar to an asthma inhaler, but won't work like one.
With this design you don't need and sealant either.
As far as the extreme cold produced - I load the cartridge, screw it in to
the point just before it gets punctured, and fill the area left in the PVC
with water. Hot water works slightly better, but just slightly since the
water turns quickly cold. Attach the balloon, and puncture. Then it's
just a matter of keeping everything facing up so the water covers where the
nitrous comes out. It's a bit of a pain when filling a balloon with more
than one cartridge, but before using this, I had a couple freeze closed
before they were completely empty. It hasn't happened since I started using
the water method.
-Tom
--
Okay, one more time. This is your brain. (egg)
This is your brain on drugs. (egg in frying pan)
Any Questions?
"Yeah, can I have mine scrambled?"

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
I don't know about other states, but dispensers are not available in
Kansas. A friend has one, but he is from Missouri and I don't know where he
got his. However, for about $2 you can make your own with PVC pipe
parts from any hardware store.
All you need is a "T" or "L" pipe with threads in one end, a nail, a pipe
fitting for the cartridge, and some silicon sealant (make sure it says
"food contact surface safe"--you don't want to inhale noxious sealant stuff).
I put mine together like this:
-------------------------------
balloon here --> | | nail | cap this end
| | |
------------ ------------
| |
| |
| | <---threads in this end
|
|
|
cartridge holder screws in here
| | <--threaded end
| |
/ \
| |
| |
| |
------- plug fits in bottom
(you'll have to play with
it a little to get the
correct length for the nail
to pierce the cartridge)
I don't remember which size nail I used, as it was an a variety pack with
all sorts of tacks and stuff. Glue the nail in first with shitloads of the
silicon sealant, and then you can fiddle arount with the cartridge holder part
to get the correct length. The pipe parts are 3/4 inch. If you bring
a cartridge with you to the store you can find the parts easier. A friend
made one with an "L" shaped top part instead, and it works fine too.
When the whippit comes out, it is VERY VERY cold. Don't get your hands anywhere
near the stuff, and don't use METAL pipe for a dispenser or you will burn
yourself and this sucks.
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
I too, have a homemade version I made out of PVC pipe. It never occurred
to me that they'd *sell* the crackers as well as the cartridges. My design
is very similar to the one posted, except I used an angle piece instead of
a T. It looks very similar to an asthma inhaler, but won't work like one.
With this design you don't need and sealant either.
As far as the extreme cold produced - I load the cartridge, screw it in to
the point just before it gets punctured, and fill the area left in the PVC
with water. Hot water works slightly better, but just slightly since the
water turns quickly cold. Attach the balloon, and puncture. Then it's
just a matter of keeping everything facing up so the water covers where the
nitrous comes out. It's a bit of a pain when filling a balloon with more
than one cartridge, but before using this, I had a couple freeze closed
before they were completely empty. It hasn't happened since I started using
the water method.

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From: mangar@softtail.ksu.ksu.edu (Zar the Mad)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Whippet cracker
Date: 22 Oct 1993 02:22:04 -0500
Message-ID: <2a81msINNat0@softtail.ksu.ksu.edu>
ceh1@acpub.duke.edu (Charles Eric Horowitz) writes:
>Anyone know what kind of store would sell a whippet cracker.
>and also, what are these "cold burns" someone told me about.
>THANX
I don't know about other states, but dispensers are not available in
Kansas. A friend has one, but he is from Missouri and I don't know where he
got his. However, for about $2 you can make your own with PVC pipe
parts from any hardware store.
All you need is a "T" or "L" pipe with threads in one end, a nail, a pipe
fitting for the cartridge, and some silicon sealant (make sure it says
"food contact surface safe"--you don't want to inhale noxious sealant stuff).
I put mine together like this:
-------------------------------
balloon here --> | | nail | cap this end
| | |
------------ ------------
| |
| |
| | <---threads in this end
|
|
|
cartridge holder screws in here
| | <--threaded end
| |
/ \
| |
| |
| |
------- plug fits in bottom
(you'll have to play with
it a little to get the
correct length for the nail
to pierce the cartridge)
I don't remember which size nail I used, as it was an a variety pack with
all sorts of tacks and stuff. Glue the nail in first with shitloads of the
silicon sealant, and then you can fiddle arount with the cartridge holder part
to get the correct length. The pipe parts are 3/4 inch. If you bring
a cartridge with you to the store you can find the parts easier. A friend
made one with an "L" shaped top part instead, and it works fine too.
When the whippit comes out, it is VERY VERY cold. Don't get your hands anywherenear the stuff, and don't use METAL pipe for a dispenser or you will burn
yourself and this sucks.
Hail and kill,
Zar the Mad
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: tmcdonal@ringer.cs.utsa.edu (Tom McDonald)
Subject: Re: Whippet cracker
Message-ID: <1993Oct22.164724.13918@ringer.cs.utsa.edu>
Date: Fri, 22 Oct 1993 16:47:24 GMT
I too, have a homemade version I made out of PVC pipe. It never occurred
to me that they'd *sell* the crackers as well as the cartridges. My design
is very similar to the one posted, except I used an angle piece instead of
a T. It looks very similar to an asthma inhaler, but won't work like one.
With this design you don't need and sealant either.
As far as the extreme cold produced - I load the cartridge, screw it in to
the point just before it gets punctured, and fill the area left in the PVC
with water. Hot water works slightly better, but just slightly since the
water turns quickly cold. Attach the balloon, and puncture. Then it's
just a matter of keeping everything facing up so the water covers where the
nitrous comes out. It's a bit of a pain when filling a balloon with more
than one cartridge, but before using this, I had a couple freeze closed
before they were completely empty. It hasn't happened since I started using
the water method.
-Tom
--
Okay, one more time. This is your brain. (egg)
This is your brain on drugs. (egg in frying pan)
Any Questions?
"Yeah, can I have mine scrambled?"

180
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From: dr303@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Jim I. Walker)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: The Dangers Of Psychedelics
Message-ID: <2uqe3r$7mt@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>
Date: 29 Jun 94 00:09:31 GMT
just got done typing this out..
The following is a transcript from _Drugs_And_Behavior_ (Fred Leavit, 1982)
(I apoligize for the screwed up numbers of the references, this is because the
same section of the book looks into other drugs and puts all of the references
to them in the same list, in alphabetical order)
LSD AND RELATED HALLUCINOGENS
** Tolerance and Withdrawl
Tolerance develops rapidly to LSD, mescaline, and psilocybin, and there
is cross tolerance between them. Cross tolerance is not exhibited between
these agents and dimethyltryptamine (DMT); and little is known about the
development of tolerance to DOM (STP). There are no serious withdrawl
symptoms.
** Adverse Effects
CHROMOSOME DAMAGE. One of the major concerns about LSD stems from a 1967
paper by Cohen et al. (29) that suggested that LSD damages chromosomes. Cells
with damaged chromosomes are potentially dangerous to their bearer, because
they may establish cancerous cell lines, and are dangerous to unborn children,
because chromosomes carry the genetic message across generations.
Dishotsky et al. (36) reviewed the results of 68 studies published between
1967 and 1970, that were concerned with the possibility of LSD-induced
chromosome damage. The highlights of their paper are summarized and discussed
below, but without the original references.
The study by Cohen et al., and several studies which followed it, involved
the addition of LSD to cell cultures. There are problems with this approach.
First, the process of culturing cells stimulates them to enter a reproductive
phase which is abnormal for them. Second, cells in tests tubes are extremely
susceptible to chromosome breakage; aspirin, caffeine, water, and changes in
temperature or oxygen pressure are some of the many agents which induce
breakage of the same order of magnitude as LSD. Third, the type of breakage
produced by LSD is different from that caused by known mutagenic or
carcinogenic agents. Fourth, intact organisms have evolved metabolic and
excretory systems to eliminate harmful substances, but these detoxification
mechanisms are not available to cells in test tubes. Thus, cells have
typically been exposed to very high doses for prolonged periods of time.
Only four studies investigated chromosome breakage rates in humans before
and after exposure to LSD. Only one of the studies was positive. Several
studies reported higher breakage rates in users than in nonusers but, as has
already been discussed ad nauseum, such studies do not allow for causal
interpretation. Some unknown factor(s), such as serious childhood illness,
may predispose people to chromosome damage ant to take LSD (see p. 176). One
obvious factor is that LSD users are likely to use many other drugs as well.
An additional problem is that breakage rates have been measured in white
blood cells rather than in reproductive cells.
Dishotsky et al. pointed out that chromosome damage was much more likely
to occur in users of illicit LSD than in volunteers administered known
quantities of pure LSD in laboratories. The probable explanation is that
illicit LSD contains substantial quantities of adulterants (85 and below), and
these may cause breakage. In several cases, breakage rates returned to the
normal range withing months of the last dose.
As is so disturbingly often the case, the research may tell more about
bias in science than about LSD and chromosome damage. Investigators who
reported more than one study tended to report the same findings in each.
Negative findings may have resulted from small sample size or insensitive
testing procedures; for even if LSD affects chromosomes, the effects will not
show up unless tested with proper experimental procedures. There is evidence
that the negative studies used too few subjects; thus, although only five of
fifteen studies yielded statistically significant results,* LSD users had
nonsignificant but elevated breakage rates in 10 of the studies.
* Statistical significance refers to the probability that observed differences
between two or more groups are due to chance factors. Scientists
conventionally accept research as being statistically significant if the
likelihood that differences are due to chance is less than 1 in 20. If too
few subjects are used, the results will not be statistically significant,
no matter how strong the drug effect (just as , if a two-headed coin is
flipped only four times, the flipper would not be able to conclude on
statistical grounds that the coin is biased). Conversely, if huge numbers
of subjects are used, even trivial differences will attain statistical
significance (which, remember, means only "not due to chance"), but such
results may have little scientific significance.
There have been studies since the Dishotsky et al. paper. In general,
these show no effect of LSD on chromosomes (42, 81, 111, 122).
ACUTE PANIC REACTIONS. Not all drug experiences turn out as anticipated.
Acute panic reactions, depression, paranoia, and psychotic episodes occur
with sufficient frequency to make the phrase "bad trip" and important part of
the lexicon of the drug culture. Any potentially enjoyable event may prove to
be a disappointment, as when rainy weather spoils a picnic. But the special
quality of drug-induced bad trips is that they cannot easily be terminated.
Cohen (31) reported that one of 2500 patients taking LSD during psychotherapy
committed suicide; and 0.02% of normal subjects who took LSD experimentally
experienced psychotic reactions of greater than 24 hours in duration. Louria
(82) used the suicide as reason for condemning the therapeutic use of LSD, a
position that ignores the possibility that the suicide rate of patients in
therapy and not given LSD may be higher than one in 2500.
FLASHBACKS. Flashbacks are sudden and unexpected recurrences of aspects of an
earlier drug experience. In a study of 2256 Army enlisted men, 23% reported
flashbacks from LSD (5% from amphetamine, 1% from marijuana) (132).
Flashbacks have not been shown to be dangerous and, in fact, are often self-
induced. Matefy et al. (87) quoted one user: "I just call it talking yourself
into a flashback.....It's like getting high all over again."
PROLONGED PSYCHOTIC REACTIONS. Pradhan and Hollister (103) stated that fewer
than 1 per 1000 experimental LSD subjects, and fewer than 2 per 1000 patients
who ingest LSD, suffer psychotic reactions lasting longer than 48 hours.
Approximately two-thirds of those who do suffer such reactions present a
history of psychopathology prior to drug use (11). LSD is often taken in a
last-ditch effort to solve and impending crisis which has proven refractory
to other attempts at solution (46). If the drug does not help, symptoms may
worsen, but not because of the LSD. The data do not justify arguments that
LSD is extremely dangerous "because of its capability to induce attempted or
completed homicide, attempted suicides, or even prolonged psychosis" (82, p.
254).
CEREBRAL DEFICIT. Some authors have reported permanent cerebral deficit in
LSD users. Others, however, have disputed the findings (1, 144). In any
event, there are no relevant experimental studies, but only comparisons of
users with nonusers.
** Benefitial Effects
Many users of LSD wax lyrical about its ability to promote insights into
everyday problems, to enhance creativity, and to provide mystical and
religious experiences. These claims are evaluated in appropriate chapters.
REFERENCES
1. Acord, L. & Barker, D. Hallucinogenic drugs and cerebral deficit. J.
Nerv. Ment. Dis., 1973, 156: 281-283.
11. Blumenfield, M. & Glickman, L. Ten months experience with LSD users
admitted to county psychiatric receiving hospital. NY State J. Med.,
1967, 67: 1849 - 1853.
29. Cohen, M., Marinello, M., & Back, N. Chromosomal damage in human leuko-
cytes induced by lysergic acid diethylamide, Science, 1967, 155: 1417 -
1419.
31. Cohen, S. Lysergic acid diethylamide: side effects and complications.
J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 1960, 130: 30 - 40.
36. Dishotsky, N. et al. LSD and genetic damage. Science, 1971, 172: 431 -
440.
42. Fernandez, J. et al. LSD. . . an in vivo retrospective chromosome study.
Ann. Hum. Genet., 1973, 37: 81 - 91.
46. Glickman, L. & Blumenfield, M. Psychological determinants of "LSD reac-
tions." J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 1967, 145: 79 - 83.
81. Long, S. Does LSD induce chromosomal damage and malformation? A review
of the literature. Teratology, 1972, 6: 75 - 90.
82. Louria, D. Abuse of lysergic acid diethylamide--an increasing problem. In
Wilson, C. (Ed.) Adolescent Drug Dependence. New York: Pergamon, 1968
85. Marshman, J. & Gibbins, R. The credibility gap in the illicit drug
market. Addictionsm 1969, 16: 22 - 25.
87. Matefy, R., Hayes, C., & Hirsch, J. Psychedelic drug flashbacks:
Attentional deficits? J. Abnorm. Psych., 1979, 88: 212 - 215.
95. Naditch, M. Acute adverse reactions to psychoactive drugs, drug usage,
and psychopathology. J. Abnorm. Psych., 1974, 83: 394 - 403.
103. Pradhan, S. & Hollister, L. Abuse of LSD and other hallucinogenic drugs.
In Drug Abuse: Clinical Aspects and Basic Aspects. St. Louis: Mosby,
1977.
111. Robinson, J. et al. Chromosome aberrations and LSD: A controlled study in
50 psychiatric patients. Br. J. Psychiatr., 1974, 125: 238 - 244
122. Simmons, J., Sparkes, R., & Blake, P. Lack of chromosomal damaging
effects by moderate doses of LSD in vivo. Clin. Genet., 1974, 5: 59 -
61.
125. Smith, D. & Mehl, C. An analysis of marijuana toxicity. In Smith, E.
(Ed.) The New Social Drug. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1970.
132. Stanton, M. & Bardoni, A. Drug flashbacks: Reported frequency in a
military population. Am. J. Psychiatr., 1972, 129: 751 - 755.
144. Wright, M. & Hogan, T. Repeated LSD ingestion and performance on neuro-
psychological tests. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 1972: 432 - 438.
--
__ , , "The suppression of the natural human fascination with
/ \ ' / / altered states of consciousness and the present peril-
|__/_/_/\/\__ _(_(_/ ous situation of all life on earth are intimately and
(_/ causally connected." -Terence McKenna, *Food Of The Gods*

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In article <1993Jan27.010801.14907@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu> mcarney@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Michael Carney) writes:
>I'm looking for anyone who has any information concerning the use
> of Jimson weed for it's halucinagenic properties. I have been able
> to find references to it's use by Native Americans in history as
> well as this century, as recently as the 60s. From what I've been
> able to find, this is a powerful drug, so I would like to recieve
> some information from someone who has actually used this drug before
Jimson weed is Datura Stramonium, a member of the nightshade family.
The active chemicals in Jimson include atropine, scopolamine, and
hyoscamine. The buzz from this family of psychotropic plants is more
like a dilerium with very strong hallucinations than anything else.
Jimson is very poisonous, the buzz couldn't really be described as
recreational, and I wouldn't try it, myself. If you decide to
experiment with it, be *extremely* careful, because just a little too
much could kill you. I have tried smoking a small amount of Datura
Inoxia, and the buzz is interesting, but not overly pleasant. It has
been reported that Datura Inoxia has been added to marijuana for extra
effects, but I don't have any firsthand knowledge of this combination,
since I personally wouldn't even *think* of doing any *illegal* drugs. ;-)
It's possible that Datura Stramonium could be used in the same way,
but I haven't heard or read of anyone trying this.
-Alan Harder
ash@math.ams.org
The opinions expressed above are not the opinions of the American
Mathematical Society. They aren't even my opinions, really, I'm just
borrowing them.
==========================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
From: harris@scorch.apana.org.au (Michael Brown)
Subject: Re: Datura Stramonium
Date: Tue, 6 Apr 1993 15:17:09 GMT
Message-ID: <1993Apr6.151709.466@scorch.apana.org.au>
ez026264@hamlet.ucdavis.edu (The God of Apathy) writes:
|Does anybody know where to get Datura Stramonium seeds or live plants?
|DS is commonly called jimsonweed or thorn apple and it is a native weed to CA, but I don't know where to find it.
Actually Datura is one psychoactive that you may be wiser to have
nothing to do with. I shall quote a passage from
Psychedelic_Drugs_Reconsidered , a generally pro-psychedelic
text.
Anticholinergenic Deleriants.
These drugs are not usually regarded as psychedelic , although
they have a great deal in common historically, culturally, and
pharmacologically with other drugs taken for their mind-altering
powers. They are called anticholinergic because they block the
action f acetylcholine , a nerve transmitter substance that
controlls the contraction of skeletal muscles and also plays an
important role in the chemistry of the brain. They are called
deleriants because their effects at high doses include incoherent
speach, disorientation, delusions, an halucinations , often
followed by depression and amnesia for the period of intoxication.
The classical anticholinergic delirients are the belladonna
alkaloids:
These tropane derivatives, the most powerfull and important of
which is scopolamine, are found in differing concentrations in
various plants of the Nightshade Family or Solanaceae, among them
deadly nightshade (Atropa belladona), mandrake (Mandragora
officinarum), black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), jimsonweed (Datura
stramonium, and over twenty other species of henbane and datura.
Of all psychoactive drugs , only alcohol has been in use for so
long over such a large part of the world. For thousands of years
on all inhabited continents the belladonna alkaloids have been a
tool of shamans and sorcerers, who take advantage of the
sensations they evok to leave their bodies, soar through the air,
or change into an animal in their imagination. They also produce
toxic organic symptoms like headache, dry throat, loss of motor
control, blurred vision , and greatly increased heart rate and and
body temperature; death from paralysis and respiratory may occur.
The belladonna alkaloids are so terrifying and incapacitating -
the physical effects often so unpleasant, and the loss of contact
with ordinary reality so complete - that they are used only with
great caution and rarely for pleasure. For the same reasons,
ironically, they are not regarded as a drug abuse problem and can
be bought in small doses on perscription or in over-the-counter
sedatives and pills for asthma, colds, and motion sickness.
END QUOTE
And Yes Folks , it seems that if you know the the right car
sickness tablets to buy , you can take a fair few and you'll trip
out quite severly . I know of several people that used to swear by
it , untill one got caught by police doing bizzare things and
totaly out of controll in Newcastle. He was arested and when he
went to court he could not convice the judge that car sickness
tablets could do that , so he was done for a more serious drug
offence.
--
.-------------------------------------------------------------------------.
| Michael Brown at Craggenmoore Public Access Unix |
| Data: (049) 611695 harris@scorch.apana.org.au |
|"Though the names may change each face retains the mask it wore." |
`--------------------------------------------- Peter Gabriel -------------'
===========================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
From: dacc@cmp-rt.music.uiuc.edu (Andrew C. Crowell)
Subject: Re: Datura Stramonium
Date: Wed, 14 Apr 1993 00:26:45 GMT
Message-ID: <C5G6KL.28B@news.cso.uiuc.edu>
In article <1993Apr13.193317.1@summer.chem.su.oz.au> morgan_j@summer.chem.su.oz.au writes:
>The following was clipped from 'The Sydney Morning Herald', 13/4/93
>
>EXPERTS TRUMPET DANGERS OF SHRUB
>
>Brisbane: Chewing the leaves of the ornamental shrub known as Angel's Trumpet
>to get a cheap "high" was a dangerous pastime that could kill, authorities
>warned yesterday.
>
[large section of article deleted]
>
>Angel's Trumpet is a tall shrub with coarse foliage which owes its ornamental
>value to its white 20 cm long trumpet shaped flowers. In garden books it is
>listed as datura arborea but has recently been reclassified as species
>brugmansia.
>
>One authoritative volume stresses that revision of the name be noted so the
>plant is not bought by mistake.
>
>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>While the advice concerning the dangerous properties of datura is probably
>worth heeding, there are some amusing hysterical overstatements.
Mmmmmaybe. _Brugmansia_ spp. are related to _Datura_, true...but the
"tree Daturas" are not quite the same as far as chemical makeup as what we
all know as Datura. Brugmansias, as a whole group, are _significantly_
more potent (having a higher and somewhat different alkaloid makeup) than
Daturas of any species. Even Schultes and Hoffman, in _Plants_of_the_Gods_,
treat these as two very different plants, with their own separate sections
in the book.
Incidentially, Schultes and Hoffman also note that neither
_Brugmansia_arborea_ nor _Datura_arborea_ is the correct classification
of this plant. Its proper taxonomic identification is _Brugmansia_aurea_,
which is the most widespread of the Brugmansias in the Andes, where they
are native.
Yes, I'd say this would be some hysterical overstatements if this
were an article on Datura, also. But this is Brugmansia we're dealing
with here...a very different plant. There's also been deaths from it in
the USA in the tropical regions (Florida, and such) because of people
treating it lightly like they might _Datura_stramonium_. It's not a plant
for casual play, in my experience and opinion.
D.A.C. Crowell
Computer Music Project/School of Music
University of Illinois at Urbana/Champaign
(dacc@cmp-rt.music.uiuc.edu)
=============================================================================
From: chris@hacktic.nl (chris)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Datura, MG seeds, etc...
Date: 18 Jan 1994 18:31:40 +0100
Message-ID: <2hh6eaINNs0@xs4all.hacktic.nl>
sm1968@u.cc.utah.edu (stephen miller) writes:
>: What is the possibility of ending up in a psych hospital from using either of
>: these?
>I have a friend that took a handful at the NV testsite this summer. He
>experienced thre days of intense delirium. On his third day he showed up
>at my doorstep in Salt Lake City and proceded to tell me the story with
>full hyper-metaphoric-spiritual insight detours over the course of about
>three or four hours (it might have been more--the memory, y'know).
>Anyway, this winter he still insists that he has not fully recovered.
> Apparently this is the deal: the seeds are *HEAVY*DUTY* If you
>are seriously into fucking with (remapping) your head in seriously chaotic
>ways--this is your "vehicle" if you think you can survive it (my friend
>probably almost didn't). A much milder version of this trip (one that is,
>so I have heard, relatively safe) can be had by making a tea with the
>leaves. I have not tried this and do not specifically recall anyone else
>who had first-hand experience. My friend threw the remainder of his seeds
>out the window, so perhaps in the spring....
> Stephen Miller
I can confirm the validity of the description above from my own experience.
This was from a TEA made out of the leaves of Datura Stramonium.
If you want hallucinations this is your drug. However "you" are not there
to experience them. This stuff takes over completely and irreversibly for
at least 24 hours. Stupidly, I went out while the effects had not yet
fully started. After having been thrown out of a bar, where I was
desperately searching for my briefcase that was suposed to be there someplace
(but which i hadn't even with me ) I found myself in a city that i did not
recognize. I did not remember where I came from , where to go , what do do,
who I was, let alone what I was doing there at this time of night, nor did
I have any clue how to get "home" as far as there was still a conception
of what home might be. There was complete retrograde amnesia: no acces to
any knowledge at all. In the mean time I had encounters with people I knew
, that were able to do a disapearing act. Just by standing behind a light
pole they could make themselves invisible. (This must be the "witches sabbath"
hallucination , which seems recurrent in this type of delirium: the very
very real hallucination of speaking with people). Also I was constantly
hallucinating that I was smoking a cigarette, which whould suddenly disappear
leaving me searching te street , thinking that i dropped it. Witches are
actually shrubs growing in front yards (they live underground, the
branches are the hairs) Lots and lots of little bugs hand each other berries
along branches. I must have walked the same street 50 times back and forth
Wanting to get somewhere , forgetting were i was going to or were i was
in the first place. A small statue of a child alongside the road started
laughing and laughing harder and harder every time i passed, it was a
ridiculous sight to see this idiot come by for the 40th time, even for a
statue. And so on . For 24 hours. It was a really interesting experience,
not a nice one, I could not see straight for a week (due to
anticholinergic parasympatholytic effect of atropine/scopolamine.)
Only for those who want to be able to say that they tried EVERYTHING.
chris

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Jimson weed is Datura Stramonium, a member of the nightshade family.
The active chemicals in Jimson include atropine, scopolamine, and
hyoscamine. The buzz from this family of psychotropic plants is more
like a dilerium with very strong hallucinations than anything else.
Jimson is very poisonous, the buzz couldn't really be described as
recreational, and I wouldn't try it, myself. If you decide to
experiment with it, be *extremely* careful, because just a little too
much could kill you. I have tried smoking a small amount of Datura
Inoxia, and the buzz is interesting, but not overly pleasant. It has
been reported that Datura Inoxia has been added to marijuana for extra
effects, but I don't have any firsthand knowledge of this combination,
since I personally wouldn't even *think* of doing any *illegal* drugs. ;-)
It's possible that Datura Stramonium could be used in the same way,
but I haven't heard or read of anyone trying this.
==========================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
Does anybody know where to get Datura Stramonium seeds or live plants?
DS is commonly called jimsonweed or thorn apple and it is a native weed to CA,
but I don't know where to find it.
Actually Datura is one psychoactive that you may be wiser to have
nothing to do with. I shall quote a passage from
Psychedelic_Drugs_Reconsidered , a generally pro-psychedelic
text.
Anticholinergenic Deleriants.
These drugs are not usually regarded as psychedelic , although
they have a great deal in common historically, culturally, and
pharmacologically with other drugs taken for their mind-altering
powers. They are called anticholinergic because they block the
action f acetylcholine , a nerve transmitter substance that
controlls the contraction of skeletal muscles and also plays an
important role in the chemistry of the brain. They are called
deleriants because their effects at high doses include incoherent
speach, disorientation, delusions, an halucinations , often
followed by depression and amnesia for the period of intoxication.
The classical anticholinergic delirients are the belladonna
alkaloids:
These tropane derivatives, the most powerfull and important of
which is scopolamine, are found in differing concentrations in
various plants of the Nightshade Family or Solanaceae, among them
deadly nightshade (Atropa belladona), mandrake (Mandragora
officinarum), black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), jimsonweed (Datura
stramonium, and over twenty other species of henbane and datura.
Of all psychoactive drugs , only alcohol has been in use for so
long over such a large part of the world. For thousands of years
on all inhabited continents the belladonna alkaloids have been a
tool of shamans and sorcerers, who take advantage of the
sensations they evok to leave their bodies, soar through the air,
or change into an animal in their imagination. They also produce
toxic organic symptoms like headache, dry throat, loss of motor
control, blurred vision , and greatly increased heart rate and and
body temperature; death from paralysis and respiratory may occur.
The belladonna alkaloids are so terrifying and incapacitating -
the physical effects often so unpleasant, and the loss of contact
with ordinary reality so complete - that they are used only with
great caution and rarely for pleasure. For the same reasons,
ironically, they are not regarded as a drug abuse problem and can
be bought in small doses on perscription or in over-the-counter
sedatives and pills for asthma, colds, and motion sickness.
END QUOTE
And Yes Folks , it seems that if you know the the right car
sickness tablets to buy , you can take a fair few and you'll trip
out quite severly . I know of several people that used to swear by
it , untill one got caught by police doing bizzare things and
totaly out of controll in Newcastle. He was arested and when he
went to court he could not convice the judge that car sickness
tablets could do that , so he was done for a more serious drug
offence.
===========================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
>EXPERTS TRUMPET DANGERS OF SHRUB
>
>Brisbane: Chewing the leaves of the ornamental shrub known as Angel's Trumpet
>to get a cheap "high" was a dangerous pastime that could kill, authorities
>warned yesterday.
>
>Angel's Trumpet is a tall shrub with coarse foliage which owes its ornamental
>value to its white 20 cm long trumpet shaped flowers. In garden books it is
>listed as datura arborea but has recently been reclassified as species
>brugmansia.
>
>One authoritative volume stresses that revision of the name be noted so the
>plant is not bought by mistake.
>
>While the advice concerning the dangerous properties of datura is probably
>worth heeding, there are some amusing hysterical overstatements.
Mmmmmaybe. _Brugmansia_ spp. are related to _Datura_, true...but the
"tree Daturas" are not quite the same as far as chemical makeup as what we
all know as Datura. Brugmansias, as a whole group, are _significantly_
more potent (having a higher and somewhat different alkaloid makeup) than
Daturas of any species. Even Schultes and Hoffman, in _Plants_of_the_Gods_,
treat these as two very different plants, with their own separate sections
in the book.
Incidentially, Schultes and Hoffman also note that neither
_Brugmansia_arborea_ nor _Datura_arborea_ is the correct classification
of this plant. Its proper taxonomic identification is _Brugmansia_aurea_,
which is the most widespread of the Brugmansias in the Andes, where they
are native.
Yes, I'd say this would be some hysterical overstatements if this
were an article on Datura, also. But this is Brugmansia we're dealing
with here...a very different plant. There's also been deaths from it in
the USA in the tropical regions (Florida, and such) because of people
treating it lightly like they might _Datura_stramonium_. It's not a plant
for casual play, in my experience and opinion.
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
> What is the possibility of ending up in a psych hospital from using either of
> these?
>I have a friend that took a handful at the NV testsite this summer. He
>experienced thre days of intense delirium. On his third day he showed up
>at my doorstep in Salt Lake City and proceded to tell me the story with
>full hyper-metaphoric-spiritual insight detours over the course of about
>three or four hours (it might have been more--the memory, y'know).
>Anyway, this winter he still insists that he has not fully recovered.
> Apparently this is the deal: the seeds are *HEAVY*DUTY* If you
>are seriously into fucking with (remapping) your head in seriously chaotic
>ways--this is your "vehicle" if you think you can survive it (my friend
>probably almost didn't). A much milder version of this trip (one that is,
>so I have heard, relatively safe) can be had by making a tea with the
>leaves. I have not tried this and do not specifically recall anyone else
>who had first-hand experience. My friend threw the remainder of his seeds
>out the window, so perhaps in the spring....
I can confirm the validity of the description above from my own experience.
This was from a TEA made out of the leaves of Datura Stramonium.
If you want hallucinations this is your drug. However "you" are not there
to experience them. This stuff takes over completely and irreversibly for
at least 24 hours. Stupidly, I went out while the effects had not yet
fully started. After having been thrown out of a bar, where I was
desperately searching for my briefcase that was suposed to be there someplace
(but which i hadn't even with me ) I found myself in a city that i did not
recognize. I did not remember where I came from , where to go , what do do,
who I was, let alone what I was doing there at this time of night, nor did
I have any clue how to get "home" as far as there was still a conception
of what home might be. There was complete retrograde amnesia: no acces to
any knowledge at all. In the mean time I had encounters with people I knew
, that were able to do a disapearing act. Just by standing behind a light
pole they could make themselves invisible. (This must be the "witches sabbath"
hallucination , which seems recurrent in this type of delirium: the very
very real hallucination of speaking with people). Also I was constantly
hallucinating that I was smoking a cigarette, which whould suddenly disappear
leaving me searching te street , thinking that i dropped it. Witches are
actually shrubs growing in front yards (they live underground, the
branches are the hairs) Lots and lots of little bugs hand each other berries
along branches. I must have walked the same street 50 times back and forth
Wanting to get somewhere , forgetting were i was going to or were i was
in the first place. A small statue of a child alongside the road started
laughing and laughing harder and harder every time i passed, it was a
ridiculous sight to see this idiot come by for the 40th time, even for a
statue. And so on . For 24 hours. It was a really interesting experience,
not a nice one, I could not see straight for a week (due to
anticholinergic parasympatholytic effect of atropine/scopolamine.)

40
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My tale of police brutality happened at a Grateful Dead show in
Foxboro, Mass in July of 1989. Sure, lots of people get busted at Dead
shows, and most of them deserve it. I deserved it too.
We'll begin outside of Sullivan Stadium about an hour before the
show. I was with my friend, her father, and a big guy named Dan who
still is a good friend, and is what you would call a "gentle giant"
We're walking in, sipping beers, when all of a sudden Danny pulls out
a bottle of Jagermeister. We looked at each other, and proceeded to
basically chug the bottle down in about 20 minutes.
It's just about showtime when the buzz kicks in. Danny starts
stumbling, and before I know what's going on, I'm the one holding him
up. He's about 6'5", 250, and it was no easy task, in my state.
Anyway, we get him sobered up just as we hear the show beginning
inside, with an accompanying roar from the sold-out crowd. We gave
our tickets, put the stubs in our pockets, and started running for the
gate.
Next thing I knew, I was face down on the concrete. I lashed back
instinctively, and was rewarded with a rude slam to the pavement.
Danny's no where to be seen.
The guy says, "police, motherfucker!!" as he puts on some plastic
handcuffs, and then he searches my pockets. He finds the ticket stub,
holds it up to me, and says "oh, gee, this guy actually had a ticket" to
his cop partner. He then tossed it away, and hauled me to thealready-
crowded police van.
Turns out just as I started running in, some people outside the gate
broke down a fence, and people were pouring in. Wrong place, wrong
time i guess.
At the station, they strung the 165 or so Deadheads they had arrested
for various offences along a pole in the station garage, and made us wait
for about three hours to get processed. As we we standing there, cops
were coming in with confiscated barrels full of beers and sodas, with
shit-eating grins on their faces. one guy actually picked up a cold soda,
opened it, and then turned to us and said "boy, you guys must be pretty
thirsty by now", and then took a long indulgent gulp right in front of us.
Like I said before, loads of people get arrested at Dead shows, and it's
one of a cop's favorite places to do their duty. My experience just struck
me as so incredibly sadistic the way the cops did it all. They were so
proud of themselves, high-fiving each other and exchanging
congratulations for a job well done.
Definitely a learning experience though.

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From: scook@mailer.fsu.edu (Stephen E Cook)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: MJ test info
Date: 10 Mar 1994 16:22:17 -0500
Message-ID: <2lo329$l16@mailer.fsu.edu>
In response to questions referring to the time it takes the body to
cleanse itself from detectable urine traces, according to a national
report titled, "Drugs, Crime, and the Justice System", (published from the
Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S. Department of Justice):
Single Use : 3 Days
Moderate Use (4 times a week): 5 Days
Heavy Use (Daily smoking): 10 Days
Chronic Heavy Use: 21-30 Days
Although do keep in mind that there are many factors that effect the
outcome of the tests (potency of drug taken, testing methods,
metabolism, etc.) so this is just a estimate figure-so be careful out there.

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DMT is Dimethyl Tryptamine = N,N Dimethyl 3-amino-ethyl indole.
It is a powerful hallucinogen, the prototype of this class, and
chemically related to psiloc(yb)in and more distantly to LSD.
Dose: around 60 mg.
Method of ingestion: usually smoked (inactive orally at reasonable doses.)
Can be combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) to make it
orally active and increase the duration.
Could be snuffed or or injected.
Duration of action: 2-5 minutes of peak, around half an hour of cruise.
Side effects: Stimulation and tactile hallucination during trip. No
perceivable after-effects. No known long term side effects. May be
some link with schizophrenia, since it has been detected in vivo.
Status: illegal in USA, Australia, most places.
History: is a component of some snuffs used by South American natives.
also used in combination with MAOIs (harmaline etc.).
Availability: Very rarely available from dealers; rarely synthesised.
Available from a range of natural sources.
Psychological effects: A very intense but brief trip, not really
euphoric. Can be frightening because of the sudden onset.
Not really a party drug, rather an interesting experience.
More intense than LSD, but hallucinations and perceptual
changes are of a somewhat different nature.
(these are only my opinions and recollections)
Jeremy
=============================================================================
There are three issues here which are a little confused:
1) strength in the sense of effective dose,
2) strength in terms of subjective intensity,
3) being a superior hallucinogen in some subjective sense.
Comparing DMT and LSD, the first is easy.
The effective dose of LSD is around 100 ug, of DMT is around 60 mg,
so in this sense, LSD is a much stronger hallucinogen.
In terms of intensity, they are difficult to compare. Part of the intensity
of DMT stems from the fact that the onset is virtually instantaneous;
one is taken from feeling normal to the peak of the trip in the space
of a few seconds, and this can be totally disorienting and frightening.
DMT does not have the euphoria of LSD, in fact it can be quite
uncomfortable. Also, the smoking of DMT is quite unpleasant compared
with eating some small object. The types of hallucinations experienced
within the peak of the DMT trip differ markedly from those in the peak
of the LSD trip. This difference is very hard to describe, although
one might contrast the dripping flowing colourful experience of LSD
with the DMT visuals in which everything becomes super sharp to the
point of being ripped into fragments, like placing a photo in a blender.
There is some colour enhancement, but it is more like lightning-bolts
of colour rather than flowing ripples of colour, and colours may
be actually entirely changed and several multiple images seen at once.
The 20-30 minute come-down of DMT is similar in experience and intensity
to a small dose of LSD, however one is likely to be too shattered by
the initial peak to worry about this much. The account Bob posted is
highly subjective and metaphorical (as is this one, I suppose) and I
doubt that many people would experience DMT in the way described there.
However, extending the duration of DMT by the use of monoamineoxidase
inhibitors (Ayahuasca,Yage,etc.) is supposed to be a very intense
experience and could give one time to become more involved in it.
It is possible to lose all contact with the senses and the world
briefly while on DMT, as it is, e.g. from a combination of nitrous
oxide and LSD. Also, psiloc(yb)in seems to have some similarity to
DMT whilst retaining similarity to LSD, in that during the psilocin
experience one can be transported into a different reality, although
one which is still definitely based sensually on this one, and
not be able to remember or understand everday reality.
Other hallucinogenic experiences, e.g. the delerium caused by
anti-cholinergics, might be still more intense than DMT in terms
of being completely removed from traditional reality, but I don't
think anyone would recommend experimenting with these dangerous
substances.
In terms of which is the superior hallucinogen, it depends on your
taste. DMT is very interesting and extremely intense, but not
necessarily pleasant. LSD has more potential for pure recreation.
Most people would probably prefer LSD as a recreational hallucinogen,
and it would be ill-advised for someone who was not very familiar
with coping with the intensity of LSD to be thrust into the
intensity of DMT. On the other hand, if you don't like DMT, you only
have to hang on for a few minutes, whereas if you don't like LSD
you have to hang on for several hours.
This is, of course, apart from the dosage, all subjective.
Jeremy
=========================================================================
152.94.1.10 (L`HOMBRE INVISIBLE) writes:
>INDOLE ETHYLAMINES
>------------------
>Many plants contains psychedelic tryptamines :
> Piptadenia Peregrina
> Phalaris Grundinacea
> Mimosa hostillis
> Desmanthes illioiensis
> Arundo Donax
> etc.
>The DMT/5-methoxy-DMT ... is often located in the roots of the plant
Depends on the species - some contain it in the leaves or the bark.
>My question is :
>Is it possible to smoke the plant-material directly or do you have to
>exctract
>it first ?.
I don't know as much about 5-Me-O DMT as DMT. THere is an important
difference, which is the dose. The former is effective at about
5mg-10mg from memory, the latter at 30-60mg. Thus, it is possible
to obtain sufficient 5-Me-O DMT from smoking some impure unrefined
sources (such as the poison of Bufo alvarius)..
Considering DMT as opposed to 5-Me-O DMT (which is IMHO by far
the more desirable material), and recalling that most people
find the peak of a DMT trip only to last a very few minutes
after smoking (i.e. you have to smoke it all at once, within
a few tokes, to obtain the peak) you can easily calculate the
necessary purity. Let us say, that one is capable of smoking
100mg of material in a few seconds. THis means that a DMT
containing mixture should be at least 30% pure to get sufficient
effect, and a 5-Me-O DMT mixture should be at least 5% pure.
In actual fact, it is not quite as bad as this, because if
you are using a free-base pipe, you can get away with lower
purities because the DMT is quite volatile, so initially, the
smoking process will concentrate the DMT.
Comparing this to plant matter, which might be e.g. 0.3% DMT,
and you see at once, that you would need to smoke about 10 g
in a few seconds which is unrealistic. Hence, chemical
purification is necessary.
The alternative is to take the plant source orally in
combination with the hallucinogenic monoamineoxidase
inhibitor harmaline (and related alkaloids). These
are most readily obtained from Peganum harmala
(or Banisteriopsis caapi) and serve to activate and
potentiate tryptamines, increasing intensity and
duration and giving oral activity to DMT.
> What are the effects (Like the pure stuff (DMT)) ?
A small amount gives a wierd feeling in the body and some
perceptual change. A larger amount gives strong body feelings
and heavy visual effects , somewhat similar to LSD, but
much more based around geometry, and changes of shape
perception. A very large dose is totally awesome, and
people's responses differ, from catatonia, to screaming,
to total ecstasy. Some people describe it as a religious
experience. Many people find they completely leave our
universe for the duration, which is generally up to 5
minutes, with residual effects up to half an hour.
B
>Which plant(s) are best suited ? (Highest in DMT)
There are various possibilities. Since chemical purification
is generally necessary, the plant content is not vitally
important. Most important is supply - the best species
is one which grows locally, and in the US, the best
source is probably Desmanthus illinoensis.
If you wish to receive instructions on how to chemically
purify DMT from a plant source, and more information about
the effects of DMT, mail me at:
but do not hassle the owner of this account by replying to
this address.
Jeremy
===========================================================================
{In article <1992Dec22.212054.16140@shearson.com>, curious@somewhere (Curious Furious) writes:
>
> Hi knowledgeable folks,
> I have a few questions from a FOAF:
>
> 1) When smoking DMT what is the LD50 ? Can it cause a heart attack?
>
Certainly much higher than the amount beyond which one would have
no concept of what a pipe, DMT, oneself, etc. is. Also much higher
than the amount one could get into ones body by smoking before
it was metabolised. I imagine that even if one hooked oneself
to a machine which continously fed oxygen, nitrogen, and DMT
vapour it would still be hard to _physically_ overdose.
As for heart attack, I have no idea. I can imagine being
scared to death (literally).
> 2) Has anyone tried doing DMT while on MDMA ? Any complications ?
No idea. However, one of the most striking things about DMT is its
brutalness - the rush from completely baseline to another
universe in about five seconds. Starting off baseline does
little to alter the peak (which tends to override anything)
but alters the severity of the onset.
>
> 3) Has anyone tried doing DMT while on 'rooms? Any complications ?
Yup - similar to above, except moreso. It takes a large dose
for the effects of the DMT to become visible over the effects of
the trip (likewise for LSD). Also, it is harder to trip on DMT post
psilocybin or LSD, since there is some cross tolerence.
Some combinations with DMT are worthwhile. A couple of beers
beforehand bluntens and deadens a little which can be very
helpful. A good amount of heads will add to the visual
impact, and a good amount of hash will ad to the wierdness
and otherness. N2O & DMT is interesting, but the combination
is generally intense enough to cause amnesia, and lack of
any kind of regular consciousness for the period of intoxication.
>
> 4) In the book _Archaic Revival_, Terence McKenna mentions some studies
> that found that DMT is produced heavily while in the deepest stages
> of sleep. Anybody have a reference for that?
Interesting concept. Like much of McKenna's work, I expect that
the science to back him up is scanty, non-existant, or
occasionally wrong. Makes for a good story, though.
>
> 5) Since DMT is a naturally occurring substance in the human body,
> if a machine was created which could extract DMT from your own
> blood, would that machine be considered illegal?
My limited understanding of US law suggests that if humans
contain DMT then their entire weight can be counted as DMT
(since the carrier weight can be included)
Such a theoretical machine as you suggest would be covered by
paraphernalia laws?
>
> 6) Can any MAOI be used to render DMT active orally?
>
Lamont is the expert on this, and he says yes. I am not convinced,
and I don't think there is any proper research published on
the subject. Even in the case of the traditional harmaline/DMT
interaction, the scientific data is minimal, and it is surmise
only that the DMT is orally activated by the MAOI effect
of the harmaline and not by some other effect.
I hope someone else will fill in the missing details.
>
> thank you for your time.
>
my pleasure.
Jeremy
=============================================================================
With respect to orally activating DMT with an MAOI,
Dennis McKenna has this to say in his '84 review article in J. Psych.
Drugs 16(4):
"The potentiation of the behavioral and pharmacological effects of
tryptamine derivatives by MAOIs has been investigated, although
the specific question of the oral potentiation of DMT and other parenterally-
active derivates has apparently not been investigated. The effects
of DMT in human volunteers was assessed before and 3 days after treatment
with the MAOI iproniazid (Sai-Halasz 1963). Patients receiving DMT
at a reduced dose following the iproniazid treatment experienced
none of the visual illusions or disturbances of time and space perception
that typify the symptoms of the drug. They reported only a feeling of
"strangeness." Patients receiving a dose equivalent to that prior
to iproniazid had a two-phase response. The first stage was similar
to the usual DMT effects, but less pronounced: illusions and hallucinations
were present but less colorful and only manifested themselves with the
eyes closed. The second phase was characterized by a persistent feeling
of "strangeness" to which the patients often reacted negatively or
indifferently. Based on these trials, Sai-Halasz (1963) speculated
that the reduced effects may have been due to the higher 5-HT
concentration in the brain due to MAO inhibition, thus mitigating the
5-HT blocking effects of DMT. This speculation was also supported
by the observation that prior administration of 1-methyl-d-lysergic acid
butanolamide, a powerful serotonin antagonist, greatly exacerbated
the psychotomimetic effects of DMT (Sai-Halasz 1962)."
So, it would appear that the answer to question 6 hasn't been established.
However, some studies (mentioned above) seem to have been done demonstrating
an interaction between MAOIs and DMT.
Jeremy handled most of those questions better than I could, so I
don't have much else to add. I doubt there have been any deaths
attributable to DMT use. Also, I don't recall endogenous DMT in humans
and Dennis doesn't mention it in his review article so it is either
recent (post 1984) knowledge or it is a misprint by the poster or
publisher and should refer to a related tryptamine. Or maybe it's
another revalation from the self-constructing machine elves.
--M@
===========================================================================
This is from _The Psychedelic Guide to the Preparation of the
Eucharist, in a few of its many guises_, as edited by Robert
E. Brown and associates of the Neo_American Church League for
Spiritual Development & the Ultimate Authority of the Clear
Light (1968), 2nd edition (1971)
DMT Synthesis
STEP I
Using an area of good ventilation or a fume hood, place a
1000 ml two hole roundbottom flask in an ice bath using the
setup in Figure II (you want a wobble stirrer in the top hole
of the flask, and a separatory dropping funnel into the side
entry). Add 400 ml cold anhydrous ether to the flask, in which
60 g indole is then dissolved, using the stirrer. To 100 ml
anhydrous ether in a separatory funnel add 50 g oxalyl
chloride. Slowly drip this solution into the vigorously
stirred indole solution over a period of 10 to 15 minutes.
Continue stirring 10 minutes longer. Allow the precipitate to
settle a few minutes and decant the liquid. Add anhydrous
ether and mix well. When satisfied as to the purity of the
precipitate, leave the golden precipitate in the flask for the
next step, which must follow immediately. Yield is
approximately 100 g.
STEP II
Dimethylamine reacts readily with indole oxalyl chloride.
Use about 400 ml ice cold anhydrous ether in the same 2 neck
1000 ml RB flask used in Step I, with the precipitate in it
from Step I. Cool the ice bath further by using salt and ice.
Estimate the weight of the precipitate and use 100 g indole
oxalyl chloride. For this weight of IOC use two entire 50 g
containers of diethylamine since it will not keep if the
container seal is broken. Cool the amine in container much
below 0 C and dissolve 1 part amine in 3 parts anhydrous cold
ether. Amine may be stored in this solution. For use, warm
stock solution to room temperature and use the appropriate
aliquot. Set up the entire apparatus the same as when adding
the oxalyl chloride. Add the amine solution slowly to the IOC
with vigorous stirring. Stir for 1/2 hour after the addition
is complete. Vacuum filter the precipitate, using ether as a
wash. It is better to slurry the ether water with the
precipitate before filtering [method used]. Recrystallise from
hot ethanol or from a 50-50 methanol-benzene mixture.
STEP III
Prepare apparatus as in Figure II (1-hole 1000 ml RB
flask set in heating mantle on magnetic stirrer with stir bar
in flask, and condenser inserted into top of flask). Prepare
the indole glyoxyl amide by melting and casting into sticks if
ether is to be used as a solvent. Aluminium foil makes a good
mould for casting pieces that will fit through the condenser.
Also a Soxhlet extractor may be used to add the crystals by
slow solution into the ether. Tetrahydrofluran, if available,
dissolves IGA and the compound is added slowly in the solution
form [method used].
To a stirred mixture of 15 g LiAlH4 in 100 ml anhydrous
ether (or THF [used]) slowly add the sticks (or solution
[used]) of IGA until 20 g have been added. Keep the rate of
reaction at a reasonable rate or boil-over may occur [do
say!]. Stir and reflux for 90 minutes after the addition is
complete. Cool in an ice bath and begin to cautiously [do
say!] hydrolyse with chips of ice or a cold solution of
methanol, added through the condenser. When there is no
further reaction, add a few ml extra water and allow to settle
finally and decant the clear liquid into an evaporating
vessel. Filter the residue and wash several times with
ether-methanol or THF-methanol [used]. Evaporate the combined
extracts and if necessary, seed the heavy syrup with crystals
of DMT. With no seed crystals the product may take days or
even weeks to crystallise [weeks]. This crude product is
adequate for smoking [do say!]. In order to purify DMT, begin
after the LiAlH4 has been hydrolysed with methanol. Add 500 ml
satd. Na2SO4 solution, mix and filter. Wash with ether or THF
and neutralise the filtrate with 0.1 N HCl. Extract with ether
in a separatory funnel and neutralise the lower layer with 0.1
N NaOh, extracting this solution in turn with chloroform. The
chloroform layer is dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, concentrated,
and from it DMT crystallises on addition of petroleum ether.
The mother liquor can be chromatographed on an alumina column
using benzene-methanol in a 99.8 to 0.2 ratio. [This last
purification is quite difficult.]
--
John Collier Email: jcollier@ariel.ucs.unimelb.edu.au
HPS -- U. of Melbourne Fax: 61+3 344 7959
Parkville, Victoria, AUSTRALIA 3052
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: Jeremy
Subject: Re: DMT Ingestion Methods
Date: Thu, 1 Jul 1993 14:53:35 GMT
DMT is a powerful hallucinogen. No one should take it for granted
or use it lightly. It is also illegal, although natural sources
are uncontrolled.
In article <1993Jul1.020634.2524@mixcom.mixcom.com> Nathan.Bowen <Nathan.Bowen@mixcom.mixcom.com> writes:
> Lately, there has been an increasing interest among alt.drugs
>posters concerning DMT in its many forms. I'm finding the many accounts
>of experiences quite intriguing, but I am still pretty thoroughly in the
>dark concerning methods of usage. I believe I understand to a
>reasonable extent the various methods themselves, but I cannot find
>sufficient information on the benefits or drawbacks of them. I seek
>both scientific evidence and subjective reports of the desirability of
>given methods from people who are in a position to know.
>
> In my understanding, eating/drinking is probably the least desirable
>method, in that it requires a monoamine oxidase inhibitor to be active
>orally.
Each method of ingestion has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Oral DMT/harmaline is potentially the best method of ingestion
in terms of having a truely profound experience of useful duration.
Coming on to the experience a little more slowly gives the user
some time to adjust and to cope with and explore the altered state.
Oral DMT is probably the only viable route for most alt.drugs
readers, who can obtain the plants but who don't have the necessary
experience and equipment to sufficiently purify DMT for smoking,
and who do not have access to synthetic DMT.
Unfortunately, the liquors produced by boiling up plant DMT
sources may well make the user puke.
Although an account of a very successful ayahuasca experience
>was recently posted that confirmed the possibility of desirable effects
>resulting from oral consumption, the prolonging effect of the
>preparation involved seems to undermine the highly-acclaimed temporariness
>of the DMT experience (hence the Businessman's Trip).
>
Well, the temporariness makes the intensity bareable when the
material is smoked. The oral experience is gentler, but just
as profound, if not moreso. Smoked DMT is so brutal, and the
effect can be so profound, that after much experience, all I
could say was that I couldn't say anything adequate about it,
and so I gave up on it.
> The most common form of ingestion, at least among the accounts on
>the 'net, is smoking. There are inherent disadvantages to inhaling the
>gases given off by burning matter, but I don't see any way around it,
>and it seems that smoking is also the most accepted method for a
>pleasurable experience.
Don't make the mistake of calling DMT pleasurable - that may
or may not be one of its side-effects :). In fact,
apart from the physical, smoked DMT is more likely to be
dysphoric than oral DMT. A single user may have one DMT
trip which is totally orgasmic, and then another which is
totally horrific, and then another that is neither.
Smoking the chemical is particularly unpleasant to the
mouth, throat, and lungs, and some people find it an
impossible task.
I don't see how, logically, a water bong or
>some such device could be implemented here, but I'm definitely willing
>(and eager) to be proven wrong.
>
Hot DMT vapours are somewhat soluble in water; if you are smoking
the chemical, then mostly what you are getting is its vapour, and
there is little you can do to improve the quality.
> The other methods that have been mentioned are snuffs (a la the
>native South American rituals)
The South American snuffs contained various tryptamines. It is
well nigh impossible to get a sufficient dose of DMT from a
snuffed plant source - the concentrations just aren't high
enough. Likewise smoking a plant. The major active in the
snuffs was probably 5-MeO-DMT.
and injection (for which I can find no
>references).
Lots of experiments in the 60's. If you have something pure
enough to inject, you might as well smoke it and save yourself
the hassle. Likewise, there is probably little advantage to
snorting the pure chemical over smoking it.
Jeremy
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: pierre@media.mit.edu (Pierre St. Hilaire)
Subject: Re: DMT Ingestion Methods
Message-ID: <1993Jul1.145039.5758@news.media.mit.edu>
Date: Thu, 1 Jul 1993 14:50:39 GMT
> The other methods that have been mentioned are snuffs (a la the
>native South American rituals) and injection (for which I can find no
>references). The snuffs have been reputed as bringing on rapid and
>powerful effects, and that seems to correspond with my knowledge of
>snuffed/injected drugs. I do not, unfortunately, have a sufficient
>amount of information on the safety of these methods. I do understand
>the inherent dangers of sending the material directly to your
>bloodstream, in that any impurities will follow just as easily. Other
>than that, I am fairly in the dark. This is where the bulk of my
>request lies. Are these methods as efficient and desirable as they seem
>at the outset? And, even if they aren't, how do they rank with oral use
>or smoking? Opinions are as welcome as facts, and any reply will be
>greatly appreciated. If I get a large enough response, I'll try to
>compile a FAQ or short informational file of some sort.
>
My experiences and those of others point to the fact that the
subjective effects of tryptamines vary markedly with the route of
absorbtion. While smoking often results in overwhelming experiences it
is possible to have more psylocibin like effects by snorting or eating
small amounts in conjunction with P harmala seeds. It seems also that
5-MeO-DMT and DMT, whose effects differ considerably when smoked, seem
to "converge" in subjective effects when taken orally. I wonder if
other knowledgeable people on the net could substanciate that last
claim.
Of all the psychedelics, short acting tryptamines seem to have
the most non linear dose-responses curve. Taking twice a barely active
dose will often result in an intense experience! That is the reason
why you should be very careful when taking them orally.
I recently found a very interesting and potentially safer way
to use 5-MeO-DMT. The key is to dissolve it in distilled water and put
the solution in one of those nose spray bottles in such a way that
each inhalation will dispense about 3-4 mg (Don't screw up there!).
When taken as a nose spray the effects come on more slowly than smoked
(about 1 min. instead of a few sec.) and the effect is more spread out
in time. The nice thing is that it is possible to very accurately
control the dose, which makes the trip a lot more manageable. Taken in
that manner, the effect can be fairly similar to psilocybin, with the
advantage that it is possible to come down within half an hour. I
guess this method could be used with DMT, but you would probably have
to convert the base into a salt (for higher solubility) since you need a
10x higher concentration of DMT in the solution.
Pierre St Hilaire
MIT Media Lab
=============================================================================
From: hatter@cs.utexas.edu (John Eichenseer)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: DMT extraction
Date: 11 May 1994 13:19:35 -0500
Message-ID: <2qr7jn$29f@saltillo.cs.utexas.edu>
>I am trying to extract DMT from Desmanthus illinoensis.
Ah, good luck, and do post your results...
> So, what do you think? Will this method work? Is there any
>better way that is easier (this is pretty easy) or more efficient?
In his book Pharmacotheon, Jonathan Ott mentions experiments in which
he extracted the alkaloids via boiling water. In fact, I think he may
have just strained hot water through the finely ground material, like
making coffee. He did this in order to mix it with an MAOI (harmala
seeds) for oral ingestion. I believe he goes into much more detail in
his latest book, Ayahuasca Analogs.
Can anybody comment on the viability of this technique? It does seem
even easier than the acid-base extracion, although of course it would
not yield the smokable freebase.
Just curious,
jhno
=============================================================================
rpascazi@engws3.ic.sunysb.edu (Robert R Pascazio) writes:
> Has anybody heard stories about Arundo donax (aka "Giant Reed") ? It
> is rummored to contain DMT and other exciting Alkaloids.
Yes. It contains some DMT, but not very much. Someone told me the other
day that a friend of theirs that is investigating this (solicited samples
from interested parties, and used thin layer chromatography to assay the
root stocks, from what I was told) says there's "little or no DMT" in
Arundo donax rhizomes.
The paper that first found DMT and a few other indole alkaloids in Arundo
donax (Ghosal) working in India (River Reed is used in Ayurvedic
medicine) also found only trace amounts. You'd have to extract several
kilograms to get a psychoactive dose of DMT. There are also several
cardioactive glycosides and other substances that would produce annoying
side effects if a crude extract were consumed - the effect of Arundo
donax extract on heart muscle (another paper by Ghosal et. al.) gave me
the impression that crude Arundo extracts are potentially dangerous.
You'd have to resort to solvent extraction followed by column
chromatography to extract pure DMT from the roots - a process probably
requiring several liters of solvent just to produce one dose of DMT.
I'll shell to DOS here and see if I can find my notes about Arundo
donax...
ok... here's a good starting point if you want to look into this:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
DMT in Arundo Donax / Giant River Reed
-------------------------------------------------------------------
SMITH TA
"Tryptamines and Related Compounds in Plants"
Phytochemistry, 1977, Vol.16 pp 171-175
ABSTRACT: The occurrence of the tryptamines and related compounds in
fungi
and higher plants is listed on a taxonomic basis. Several of
these
amines have considerable physiological activity in higher
animals.
Gramineae:
Arundo donax L. (Leaf,Flower,Rhizome) [27-30]
Methoxy-N-methyl-Tryptamine
DMT
DMT-Methohydroxide
Bufotenine
DMT-N-oxide
Bufotenidine
Dehydrobufotenine
Gramine
Gramine-N-oxide
Gramine methohydroxide
[27] OREKHOV AP, NORKINA SS (1937) Zhur.Obsch.Chem. 7,673
[28] GHOSAL S, BANERJEE PK, BANERJEE SK (1970) Phytochemistry 9,429
[29] GHOSAL S, CHAUDHURI RK, DUTTA SK (1971) Phytochemistry 10,2857
[30] GHOSAL S, CHAUDHURI RK, DUTTA SK, BATTACHARYA SK (1972) Planta Med.
21,22
--------------------------------------
Tryptamines in the Graminacea:
Arundo donax - Giant River Reed
Phalaris arundinacea
_A Handbook of Alkaloids and Alkaloid Containing Plants_
Wiley Interscience, Raffauf QK898.A4 R34 (1970)
N,N-DMT GRAM-028A refs:1946, 573
N,N-DMT-5-MeO GRAM-030A
Bufotenine GRAM-030A refs:1945
Gramine GRAM-016A
573 Aus J. Chem 17:1301 (1964) [Phalaris]
416 Aus J. Chem 19:893 (1966) [Phalaris]
1946 Dutta,SK;Ghosal,S _Chem.Ind._ (1967) p2046
1945 Moore,RM; Williams,JD; Chia,J _Chem.Abst._ 68:75704v (1968)
574 Ghosal,S; Mukhergee,BB _Chem.Ind._ (1965), 793
575 Morinato,H; Matsumoto,N _Am.Chem._ 692 p194 (1966)
464 Legler,G; Tschesche,R _Naturwiss_ 94 (1963)
===============================================================
REFERENCES:
_Tryptamine and related compounds in plants._ SMITH, TA.
"Phytochemistry." vol.16 pp.171-175. (1977) QK861.P45
_The Occurrence of Indolealkylamine Alkaloids in Phalaris tuberosa L. and
P. arundinacea L._ , Culvenor,Dal Bon & Smith
"Australian Journal of Chemistry" 1964, Vol.17 pp.1301-4
_Heterocyclic Compounds, Indoles, Part 2_ Houlihan, Wiley Interscience,
pg264
_Indole alkaloids in plant hallucinogens_ Schultes, Richard Evans
"Journal of Psychedelic Drugs" Jan-Mar 1976 p17
_Plants of the Gods_ Schultes & Hofmann
_Narcotic Plants_ William Emboden
_Tryptamine and Related Compounds in Plants_
Terence A. Smith. "Phytochemistry" Vol. 16 pp. 171-175
_Alkaloid Bearing Plants and Their Alkaloids_
US Dept. Agriculture Technical Bulletin No. 1234 (1961) Willaman &
Schubert
Erspamer _???? Drug Res._ 1961,3,151
=============================================================================
From: rocky.frisco@bgbbs.com (Rocky Frisco)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Ayahuasca....more info ne
Message-ID: <67.15287.706.0N3ED642@bgbbs.com>
Date: 29 Jan 94 02:37:00 GMT
AA> Thank you everyone who e-mailed me information on Yaje. If anyone
AA> else has more info, I still need it. Please post or e-mail me. I
AA> would especially like to hear from people who have experimented with
AA> Yaje. Did you smoke it or did you drink it? Thanks, Ayleen
AA> a-crotty@uiuc.edu
I think it's usually spelled "Yage" pronounced Yah-hey.
See the books "Wizard of the Amazon" and "Rio Tigre" by the late Doctor
Bruce Lamb of Santa Fe NM. (Bruce died during the Christmas Holiday
season of 1992). These are the best resources on the subject and are
written by a fine scientist who tried Ayahuasca and found it to be of
great value.
-Rock rocky.frisco@bgbbs.com
* RM 1.2 * Eval Day 7 * RoboMail -- The nag nag nag

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Message-ID: <230311Z26111993@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an40496@anon.penet.fi (Holden Caulfield)
Date: Fri, 26 Nov 1993 22:55:37 UTC
Subject: Re: Desirable Blotter Adulterants
From: Nathan.Bowen <Nathan.Bowen@mixcom.mixcom.com>
Subject: Desirable Blotter Adulterants
Message-ID: <1993Nov26.142751.3778@mixcom.mixcom.com>
Nathan.Bowen <Nathan.Bowen@mixcom.mixcom.com> writes:
> A few acquaintances of mine have been known to say things
>about how their last hit of acid had "too much strychnine," or to
>say that one shouldn't let acid sit around too long because "it
>decomposes into rat poison." It wasn't too difficult to dispell
>those rumors, at least among the reasonable folk. However, a few
>other myths about adulterants haven't died out.
>
>Another says he can get it laced with heroin. A few people believe
>they have taken blotter laced with PCP. In general, this all
>sounds _very_ unlikely to me, but my stand is based on intuition
>and a sense that there's just not enough capacity on a square of
>blotter for significant "lacing" with anything other than LSD.
>
> Does anyone have any references to respectable studies done
>on this subject? I don't need strychnine information, it's the
>"desirable" adulterants that I'm discussing. Some people _want_
>their acid "laced with speed", or heroin, or PCP. I don't doubt
>that there are several different strengths of blotter going around
>this area. I would even believe that there are batches in
>circulation that are composed, in some amount, of other LSD-related
>compounds. But I find it hard to be genuinely worried about
>finding blotter that's been dusted with PCP.
>
> Any and all information you can provide would be appreciated.
A reference: "The Physician's Guide to Psychoactive Drugs" by David E. Smith
and Richard Seymour. I had it out from the library here recently and can
provide ISBN or publisher if necessary. David Smith is the editor (and
founder) of The Journal of Psychoactive [previously Psychedelic] Drugs, and is
also the founder of the Haight-Ashbury Free Clinic, and pioneer of the talk-
down method of treatment for LSD panic attacks, and is not likely to be
propagating scare stories and urban legends (However, there are a number of
minor mistakes in the book that really shouldn't be made by someone who knows
what they are talking about, for example, "ketamine" is listed among the other
names for PCP, without the fairly important clarification that this is a
different chemical, albeit with similar effects.)
Anyway, they say DOB, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine, is potent enought to
be used in blotter form, and has been found in blotter form. The blotters
are described as "golden tiles"- a yellow and white checkerboard design, and
"golden eagles"- a yellow bird on green background, something like that.
I don't recall the area where these were found (or if that was in the book),
the book was published sometime in the early eighties. By the way, I
can remember all this off the top of my head because I had read on this
group that only LSD is active enough to be put on a blotter, so by buying
blotter LSD you didn't have to worry much about substitutes or adulterants,
and so I was very interested when I read about blotter DOB.
However, the effective, typical dose that Seymour and Smith quote is 1-5 mg.
5 mg sounds high for a blotter, would 1 mg be plausible? I think 1-5 mg also
agrees with what I've read elsewhere.
It seems to me that someone selling blotter DOB might pass it off as LSD,
simply because LSD is known and accepted. I believe the duration, and
probably other aspects of the trip too are different from LSD, but the effect
is LSD-like in a general sense, or so I read. I would imagine that an
inexperienced LSD user could take DOB and not know the difference. Maybe
DOB is fairly desirable on its own anyway. However, there is a very
undesirable side effect, vascular spasms, I forget the details, but it's
very bad. I can't remember if this is the result of normal doses or
very high doses. Something about one case involving a death ( I think,
but I'll look the book up and get the details as they give them) , another
involving amputation of legs. I have read elsewhere that if the problem
had been correctly treated at first the amputations would have unecessary.
One of them was aware it was DOB, the other thought it was LSD.
I would imagine that people aware of the potential for vascular spasms would
probably not knowingly take DOB.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: gardner@convex.com (Steve Gardner)
Subject: Re: What is "Dowam Meskh" ?
Message-ID: <1993Jun13.175755.10120@news.eng.convex.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Jun 1993 17:57:55 GMT
In article <1vflgm$6t@sun.Panix.Com> newsome@panix.com (Richard Newsome) writes:
>In a 19th Century book I found a reference to an Egyptian drug called
>"Dowam Meskh", which the author says he tried in Paris in the 1850's.
>Can anyone identify this?
An arab confection containing mostly Hashish. Theophile Gautier
mentions it in "Le Club des Hachichins". By the way, a number
of Gautier's works are available in english, I recommend them
highly. The folks who regularly read this group would like
his works, Gauthier was rather fond of recreational pharmaceuticals
it seems. ;-)
>The author says that the compound is prepared in Cairo, and that he took
>18 grains. In describing his experience he says it "perfectly illuminated me"
>and to write him for more information if desired.
Can't get it in Cairo without risk anymore. . . try Amsterdam
the coffee houses should be able to set you up for illumination. ;-)
But remember as ol' Theo would have said: "Ceci vous sera defalque
sur votre portion de paradis".
smg

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: dyer@spdcc.com (Steve Dyer)
Subject: Re: Drammamine Tablets..
Message-ID: <CFJ4LI.5z@spdcc.com>
Date: Wed, 27 Oct 1993 00:12:54 GMT
In article <00974979.61C1BA04@pomona.claremont.edu> agaluhn@pomona.claremont.edu writes:
>>It is diphenhydramine, an antihistamine. Sold as an allergy medication,
>>and a sleep aid.
>
>(Description of diphenhydramine experience deleted.)
>
>Actuall, motion sickness pills (garden variety
>Dramamine) are dimenhydrinate. Sorta kinda different from diphenhydramine...
Dimenhydrinate is the 8-chlorotheophyllinate salt of diphenhydramine.
The only important difference is potency: 50mg of dimenhydrinate is
equivalent to 25mg of diphenhydramine hydrochloride. Same drug.
It's still stupid to try to get high from overdosing on antihistamines.
It's unpleasant and potentially dangerous.
--
Steve Dyer
dyer@ursa-major.spdcc.com
=============================================================================
From: tiscione@trident.usacs.rutgers.edu (Jason Tiscione)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Drammamine Tablets..
Message-ID: <Oct.25.20.57.40.1993.18059@trident.usacs.rutgers.edu>
Date: 26 Oct 93 00:57:41 GMT
edith@unm.edu (peter menning) writes:
>Was talking late one night at a Dennys.. When i overherd someone at the
>table next to us start talking about how he started triping from taking 9 or
>10 motion sickness tabs.. <Diphenhydromene <I know i am killing the spelling>
>I am curious, Is it really true or is it a new U/L? And what would the side >effects be?
It is diphenhydramine, an antihistamine. Sold as an allergy medication,
and a sleep aid. It's more expensive as a sleep aid, even though it's the
same formulation- I guess they figure people will pay more to be sleepy than
they will to ease up their asthma attacks. Or maybe it's a "sin tax" thing?
Took 250 mg once (a reckless experiment- but 60mg and 125mg on previous
nights didn't seem to do anything- and I was curious) and I didn't like it
at all.
(That's equivalent to ten 25 mg tablets.) There's a feeling like, uh, you're
slipping away from yourself, you can't control what happens to you, etc.
All I wanted to do, for some reason, was read, read, read, but the next
day I didn't remember anything that happened on 20 pages. (Useless.)
Hallucination has been reported but if I recall correctly, they aren't the
kind you'd want to have! (e.g. Thinking someone has been in the room who
hasn't, believing that you have to do chores that you've already done,
thinking that it's Tuesday when it's Saturday, etc.) Not beautiful
spiral patterns on the wall or audio reverbations or anything LSD-ish, so
if you're looking for an "LSD replacement", speaking from personal
experience, I don't recommend diphenhydramine at all.
Jason
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: HARPETH1@ctrvx1.Vanderbilt.Edu (_VTA9390:)
Subject: Methedrine
Message-ID: <1994Jan18.101339.11371@news.vanderbilt.edu>
Date: Tue, 18 Jan 1994 10:13:39 GMT
I've posted this before with no response: Does anyone know what
methedrine is? I guess not. I am assuming that it's some type of meth-
amphetamine analog. A friend says he has access to this drug and intends to
try it soon. I just thought I'd ask one last time for his benefit.
On a different note, I've seen several postings regarding Jimson Weed
(Datura Stramonium I believe). I was always curious about this plant, but
the effects described sound similar to Gravol (Dramamine), which I HAVE
tried. I for one would class it more as a deleriant than a hallucinogen.
The trip started with a nice stoned feeling, but quickly changed. When
staring at any white object (ceilings, and even cups or cupped hands) I
noticed a strange clear gellatin-like substance that seemed to jiggle and
spread towards me (looked a lot like the alien in the Predator movies).
While doing LSD or psilocybin, I have always been able to tell reality from
hallucinations. This is not the case with Dramamine. Several times I car-
ried on conversations with individuals before discovering they were non-
existant. I saw people and objects that were not there as well. Perhaps the
worst aspect of the trip was the auditory part. I constantly heard my name
being called, and sound is magnified to a very uncomfortable level. Speech
(even from myself) was not only loud and difficult, but VERY slurred. Com-
munication was difficult due to the fact that I would forget what I was talk-
ing about in mid-sentence, and would finish most sentences off by saying "Uh,
nevermind...I forgot." The amount of paranoia that prevailed throughout the
trip was unbearable: especially after I saw my brother rise out of a pile of
clothes in the floor to tell me that my father (who happens to be the head
of a drug task force) was calling me. Maybe all of this was due to the fact
that I was alone for the majority of this experience (nightmare). Definate-
ly a one time experience for me. Not recomended for the weak of heart or
mind. Especially at that dosage: 24 tablets!
Jamey
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <162302Z02051994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an55866@anon.penet.fi
Date: Mon, 2 May 1994 16:16:18 UTC
Subject: dimenhydrinate
Hi,
After seeing the posts on Marezine, I checked out anti-emetics in
general and anti-histamines, and came across the anti-histamine
hallucinogenic tendency. So I got some dimenhydrinate, the local
Rite-Aid variety (cheaper than Dramamine--sp?), and paid four bucks for
two boxes of twelve at 50 mg each. I was going to take them with a
friend, but another friend wanted to split them three ways, so we had
eight apiece (400 mg). We were pretty tired before we took them (about
one in the morning), and especially with the anti-histamine property of
putting one to sleep, we decided to have some coffee. We, being
stoopid, put a hefty amount of Bailey's in our coffee, which I think was
one of the reasons we didn't react much. About forty minutes passed,
and we finally started feeling it. When inquired about my head, I said,
"I think my brain shrunk." It felt very odd--not light, not heavy, just
empty. :) When spoken to, we would have a delay (five to ten seconds)
before we could reply, which started amusing me, but I couldn't seem to
help it. I went to bed about two hours later (had a fun time walking
there, too), and tried to sleep. I thought it was wearing off. The dry
mouth thing was buggin, so I kept some water by my bed. I had a hard
time going to sleep, especially when a couple times I was choking and
found it difficult to bring in air through my throat (as opposed to
through my lungs). I am a MILD asthmatic, and I was just starting to
get sick, so that probably had something to do with it, but my friend
said he started having to _think_ about breathing. I woke up about
seven hours later alive, but with a pretty good headache. I only talked
to one of the other friends, and he said he was still messed up that
afternoon with the delay and stuff.
I guess I'd try it again, but with no alcohol (I doubt what we had
was a very big factor, though) and more dimenhydrinate (to try to get
the hallucinations). If anyone has tried it under better conditions,
please post (especially whether or not you had hallucinations), and
thanks in advance.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
To find out more about the anon service, send mail to help@anon.penet.fi.
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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: dmaycrg@netcom.com (David May)
Subject: Marazine
Message-ID: <dmaycrgCpF9C1.r2@netcom.com>
Date: Sat, 7 May 1994 07:40:48 GMT
We used to do this stuff in junior high when we couldnt get anything else,
and yes if you take 4 or more you poisen your system and hallucinate badly.
One of my friends thought his dad was his girl friend and tried to do her,
needless to say he ended up in the hospital getting his stomach pumped. And
my other friend thought a gas pump was alive and attacking his car so he ran
over it. It was all captured on video camera, he had some explaining to
do in court. And when I did it I felt like i had aton of bricks dropped onto
my head the next day. Mushrooms or mescaline is much better!!!
--
dmaycrg@netcom.com
=============================================================================
Date: Sat, 30 Apr 1994 14:26:11 EDT
From: Gordo <DSG119@psuvm.psu.edu>
Message-ID: <94120.142611DSG119@psuvm.psu.edu>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Marezine trip - Evaluation
OK, I saw the posts on marezine on the net, and decided to see if they
sold it at the local drug store. Sure enough - they did - $6.09 for
a box of 12. I took 7 of them at 10:45 PM (I wanted to be conservative
since I don't know anyone firsthand who has done this). I went out -
after two hours, the only effect I got was feeling REALLY tired.
(Note - I'm 6 foot, 160lbs, male, with no tolerance to any drug)I
went back home around 1AM, and took 3 more for a total of 10. I
stayed in my room for about 30 min. then went out for a walk. I
wasn't really feeling that tired anymore, and felt dazed.
As I walked down a dark, quiet, back road listening to the Dead on my
headphones - I saw a glowing white ball. At first I thought it was
a person, then I thought it was an animal. It was about the size of
a basketball, about 70 yards away. It was bouncing up and down and
back and forth. As I got closer - I realized that the halucinations
had begun. I was actually surprised - because after almost 3 hours of
nothing - I was hallucinating. I looked up at the stars - and saw some
really amazing psychedelic patterns twisting and gyrating among the
clounds. It wasn't anything like acid/shrooms - everything was just a
dull white (no colors at all with eyes open) but it was still very
cool. Also it was different because occasionally I would just see big
flashes like a strobe light. The best thing was the way the patterns
worked their way into the clouds - I'd never seen anything quite like it -
I would see the wild geometric patters flying around - then all of a sudden
the would go INTO a cloud - and the cloud would start glowing! And then
the cloud would burst and all the zig zags would come flying out of it
again.
After a while, I went back and layed in my bed. I could see colorful
paterns with my eyes closed - but not when open. The colors were only
simple red, yellow, green, and blue's, and the line patterns were
not too complex. One cool thing that I could do was concentrate on
some object, for example a soda can - and I could see that object perfectly
clearly - and I would see my hands (this is all with eyes closed) and could
move the object around - I thought that was cool. Then I actually heard
a woman's voice - I knew it was just in my head - but I she seemed to
have a mind of her own. I talked to her - and she came up with these
funny respones out of no where - it made me laugh. Eventually all of
the effects went away - but I could not fall asleep. I did not fall
asleep till around 5 AM.
Overall, I would say its worth trying once, definitely different. It doesn't
have that "deep thought" thing thats going on with acid/shrooms which is
kind of refreshing in a way, makes it more recreational and less spiritual.
=============================================================================
From: an65848@anon.penet.fi (Anonymous)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: marezine : cylizine hydrochloride
Date: 14 May 1994 15:29:58 GMT
Message-ID: <2r2qpm$mv7@geraldo.cc.utexas.edu>
In article <33V5Lc1w165w@qedbbs.com>, aga@qedbbs.com (Peter Dilley) says:
>
>marezine for a one time or possibly short term recreational use has come
>to my attention.
>
>is the active ingredient, cylizine hydrochloride, which i presume is the
>psychoactive substance, listed in any depth in nonprescription drug
>encyclopedias? How is it classified? Does it show up in recreational
>books such as PIHKAL? Is it a tryptamine?
>
>the inactive ingredients in the 50mg tablets are corn and potato starch,
>dextrin, lactose, and magnesium stearate. I am assuming the later is for
>anti spoilage and the rest for building the bulk of the tablet.
>
>the adult prescribed rate of injestion is 1 tablet every 4 to 6 hours,
>not to exceed 4 tablets every 24 hours. what does the recreational
>community use it [amount] : 4 tablets on empty stomach? at what level for
>180-200 pound individuals, or 200-220 pound individuals or 160-180 pound
>individuals. Is the only side effect a supposedly psychedelic effect?
>
>please e-mail me any information that you might have to share on this.
>
>oh, what would this be classified as. Mild psychedelic as in THC
>[cannabis] or Major psychedelic [LSD-25, 'Shrooms (Psilocybin/Psilocin)]
>Or a little over mild, a little under major, or middle?
Well, I'm a 160 pound individual and I took 9 of the tablets (the box
contains 12, If I remember correctly). It had some hallucinogenic
properties (lights seemed brighter, shadows moved around) but
nowhere near as good as LSD. My thoughts were a little abnormal,
but again, it wasn't as interesting as LSD. However, the side-effects
were quite disquieting. My eyes became very dry it seemed, and I
had to blink often, so even when I saw something cool, I couldn't
concentrate on it. The drug also made me very lethargic at first, and
I wasn't sure whether I was going to pass out or not. This tired feeling
lasted for most of the "trip", and I would wonder into semi-sleep states
where I had something resembling dreams until I understood that I
was falling asleep and snapped out of it. This scared me as I didn't
know whether I had overdosed and this was serious, or whether it
was just a normal side-effect. Anyway, I didn't like almost losing
consciousness. Finally, after about 3 or 4 hours, I tried to go to sleep.
I felt tired, but could not fall asleep. After a while, I started to have
slight muscle spasms in my right arm which occurred whenever I
didn't move for a few moments (definately not conducive to sleeping).
By now I definately wanted the effects to go away. What I'm saying
is that Marezine provided some interesting visuals, greater than
Marijuana, but not as beautiful or interesting as LSD/shrooms, but
the side-effects were definately not worth it. If you think you might be
into this type of thing, you might as well bang your head against a
brick wall until you start seeing spots or somehting; that's about the
level of enjoyment I received from it. Stick to LSD if you can, if not,
get a Robo buzz, but I for one do not recommend Marezine unless
you actually do take it for motion sickness.

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From: Robert Scott <Robert.Scott@ncl.ac.uk>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Hallucinogenic fish
Date: 8 Nov 1994 13:28:19 GMT
Message-ID: <39nudj$s9j@whitbeck.ncl.ac.uk>
kkalnins@malibu.sfu.ca (Karlis Kalnins) wrote:
>I heard on the radio last night about a trend with some students
>at some university (What a unique way to set up a 'strange new
>drug' story in the media) were swalowing live tropical fish of some
>variety, and the fish would release a drug when in the stomach that
>was a hallucinogen. Anyone heard about this? More info?
>On the radio, they said (the guy was reading a newspaper article) the
>'kids were turning their brains to cobwebs' and how horrible that this
>was because the fish were not illegal. Please help us, oh mighty
>State! We can't tell what to put in out own bodies unless you outlaw
>what you think is bad!
>Anyways, anyone got any more info? Post.
O.K. from a book "The Hallucinogens" - Hoffer & Osmond
'Even a variety of fish produces hallucinations. Roughly (1960)
described the dream fish present near Norfolk island. The inhabitants
stated consuming this fish would produce nightmares. In order to test
this claim, Joe Roberts, National Geographic photographer, consumed
some of the fish, broiled. The next morning he reported "It was pure
science fiction." He saw a new kind of car, pictures of monuments to
mark man's first trip into space. The fish is Kyphosus fuscus,
closely related to the silver drummer caught off New South Wales.
The author, Roughly, also tried the fish and had weird dreams.'
Rob.
=============================================================================
From: jdkirkla@prairienet.org (Justin D. Kirkland)
Newsgroups: alt.psychoactives
Subject: Psychoactive Fish etc..
Date: 2 Dec 1994 02:02:38 GMT
Message-ID: <3blv7u$lnj@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu>
JLF is currently looking for Dreamfish of HI or the Norfolk
Islands. The latin name is Kyphosus fuscus. It was discussed
in Natl Geograhphic in 1960 pg 556. Any information and
specimens would be greatly appreciated and rewarded. Also of
current interest is the Pufferfish aka- Blowfish, Boxfish
Porcipinefish, Globefish, Trunkfish, and Fugu. Also specimens
and information on certain Hawaiin centipedes, AZ scorpians,
various spiders, stingrays and middle eastern ants.
JLF can be reached at JLF, P.O. Box 184-jk, Elizabethtown, IN
47232 USA or the above email address or 1-812-379-2508.
As always, anyone with any new information or specimens of
any form of psychoactive life, JLF may be interested in buying
or trading or may already carry them.
--
=============================================================================
From: sknight@tartarus.uwa.edu.au (Sam Knight)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: fish hallucinogens
Date: 9 Nov 1994 10:13:18 GMT
Message-ID: <39q7bu$fb7@styx.uwa.edu.au>
Guru Gnosis Sahib (gnosis@brahman.nullnet.fi) wrote:
: Karlis Kalnins (kkalnins@malibu.sfu.ca) wrote:
: : I heard on the radio last night about a trend with some students
: : at some university (What a unique way to set up a 'strange new
: : drug' story in the media) were swalowing live tropical fish of some
: : variety, and the fish would release a drug when in the stomach that
: : was a hallucinogen. Anyone heard about this? More info?
: Yup, a file I happen to have (in Finnish, I'm afraid) has the following
: list of psychotropic fish:
: Abudefduf septemfasciatus (Sergeant major) Pacific Ocean, Africa
: Epinephelus corallicola (Grouper) Pacific Ocean
: Kyphosus cinerascens (Bluefish) Indonesia
: Kyphosus vaigiensis (Brass bream) Indonesia
: Mugil cephalus (Flathead mullet) The tropics
: Mulloidichtys samoensis (Golden goatfish) Indonesia
: Neomyxus chaptali (Mullet) Indonesia
: Saganus oramin (Rabbitfish) Indonesia, West Africa
: Upeneus arge (Goatfish) Indonesia
: (Halstead, Courville: Poisonous and Venomous Marine Animals of the World,
: Vol 2, U.S.Government Printing Office 1967)
: Other than that, it just states that "nobody is known to have died from
: consumption". No mention of what the active ingredient is or anything.
: I'd venture a guess at either a DMT relative or bufotenin relative,
: which crop up in the venoms of other animals.
: -- _ __
: Jani "Guru Gnosis Sahib" Poij{rvi On the neverending quest /(o\ BRAHMAN
: gnosis@brahman.nullnet.fi for knowledge by identity. \o)/ +3580498797
Someone should do an analysis :)
There is also an hallucinogenic catipiller, or so says "chemistry in the
market place" (cant remember the author just now). Unfortunately he doesnt
provide a reference.
Sam

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Price Project Report U.S., June '94
This information has been collected through e-mail from a number of helpful
people who contributed data. If your environment isn't listed below or if
you have more information about it, please send your information (as brief
as possible, please) to me (rich@weeds.hacktic.nl). You can send information
anonymous to me in several ways:
- Charcoal.com: Put an "X-Anon-To: rich@weeds.hacktic.nl" headerline in mail to
<anonymus+clear@charcoal.com> (note misspelling!). You can request information
about this remailer with an empty message to <anonymus+info@charcoal.com>.
- Anon.penet.fi: Put the same headerline in mail to <anon@anon.penet.fi>, or
mail to <rich%weeds.hacktic.nl@anon.penet.fi> if you can't add headerslines.
Information can be requested with an empty message to <help@anon.penet.fi>.
- The Cypherpunk anonymous mailers; for instructions please read the file
[soda.berkeley.edu:/pub/cypherpunks/remailer/hal's.remailer.gz].
All mail received will be sanitized. You may wish to encrypt mail before
letting it leave your machine; see my .sig if you have PGP.
This list is posted every month on alt.drugs. The latest list can also be
obtained on ftp.hmc.edu as /pub/drugs/misc/price.report.non-us and -.us.
[note: not dated entries are from before spring '93]
Total contributions to the report: 119
-Contents-
Alabama:
Birmingham
Fairhope
Arizona:
Buckeye
Phoenix
Tucson
California:
Berkeley
Incline Village area (North Lake Tahoe)
Los Angeles
San Diego
San Francisco
Santa Cruz
South Bay Area
Colorado:
Boulder
Denver
Delaware:
Newark
Florida:
Daytona Beach
Gainesville
Miami
Palm Beach county
Hawaii
Illinois:
Chicago
Indiana;
Portage
Iowa:
Des Moines
Kansas:
Manhattan
Kentucky:
Bowling Green
Maine:
Brunswick
Orono
Maryland
Massachusetts:
Amherst
Boston
Michigan;
Lansing (East)
Minnesota:
Duluth
Missouri
Nevada:
(Incline Village area)
New Mexico
New York:
Brooklyn
Buffalo
New York
Ohio:
Columbus
Oberlin
Oregon:
Portland
Pennsylvania:
Pittsburgh
Rhode Island
Texas:
Austin
Dallas/Fort Worth
Houston
Utah;
Salt Lake City
Virginia;
Washington DC
Washington;
Seattle
Wisconsin:
Madison
Milwaukee
State: Alabama
Date: June '94
Location: Birmingham
Pot: $450 to $500/Quarter-pound; $40-45/Quarter-ounces. Quality: Most of this
pot is the standard stuff....not light, but not dark green, and usually
takes about 3 good bong hits to be stoned for a while...
* Light green fluffy stuff: $170 an ounce, or $50 a quarter ounce.
Acid: When available, $5 a hit, $7 to $10 to the younger people.
Date: June '94
Location: Fairhope
Pot: $400/quarter-pound, sometimes a pound for $1200 or so...
Acid: $5/hit. Easier to get than in Birmingham
Shrooms: "So plentiful that there is no market...everyone goes and gets them
themselves...you can pick 2 or 3 pounds of them by yourself in an hour or
so, if you go to one of the better fields..."
State: Arizona
Location: Dead Concert, Buckeye Lake
Date: June 11, 1993
Marijuana: $25/eighth, $45/quarter. Good quality.
Color: Light to middle green
Location: Phoenix
Date: June '94
Weed: $250-300/ 1/4 lb, $750/lb. Dark green with very small buds, none bigger then about
1 inch in length. The smoke is mild, with a quick reponse. High ranges
from intense with visions to mild and depressed. Appears to be a strain of
indica and stavia mixed, or perhaps its the fruits of a stavia and indica
harvest mixed together. Supposedly a import from South America.
* Mexican Weed: $5.00/gram, $15.00 1/8th oz, $25.00 1/4 oz, $40.00 1/2 oz,
$75.00 1 oz, $160.00 1/4 LB, $300.00 1/2 LB, $500.00 1 LB, $8000/20 kilo.
Location: Tucson
Marijuana: Mexican: $65-$70/oz [June '93]
Low quality: $100/quarter pound [July '93]
State: California
Location: Berkeley
Date: March '94
Lsd: $750/1000 doses- Orange suns on a yellow background.
[2nd source, June '94]
Lsd: 5 hits $10. "Disappointing quality"
Location: Incline Village area (North Lake Tahoe, California/Nevada border)
Date: February '94
Marijuana:
* Mex (shitweed): $25/eight. It's actually better than what the name says.
I got really worked on this stuff.
* Green: $50/eigth. This had some really KIND bud in it- juicy and thick.
The smell was wonderful, and you can get pretty high after three bong
hits. Unfortunetly kind of expensive for me.
LSD: $5 a hit, or about $3 if you buy a lot of it. Quality is unknown.
Mushrooms: $20 for an eight, about enough for 2 people. Quality also unknown.
-Everything else is pretty hard to find. Actually, shrooms and not pot are the
most common and easy-to-get drug around here.
Location: Los Angeles area
marijuana: $25 a quarter -- mediocre stuff, but it gets the job done.
hashish: $10 a gram. No point of comparison, but it's pretty potent.
[other source August '93]
Marijuana: $60 per oz for decent sens. - dark green, not too seedy.
LSD: $3-5 hit of blotter (Celtic Shields, Suns, Purple Shields, UFO<46>s, Robots)
$ 80-120/sheet (100), $ 600-750/book (1000), $ 5-10/microdot
MDMA: $20 per - Pink, purple, brown, white pressed tabs - usually speedy.
Small white capsules occasionally - very good. $ 7-12 for >100
2C-B: $10-15 per $5-7 for >100
Crystal Meth: $20-25 1/4 gram
Shrooms: (rare) $125-150oz.
[2nd source, December '93]
Marijuana: $25-35/Quarter
[3rd source, December '93]
LSD: Strawberries (kind of old) and Celtic shields: $50/sheet wholesale,
$60/sheet if 2nd in line, $100/sheet if not. Shields are uneven in
quality--tends to be either high or weak in quality. A few dud hits per
sheet as a rule.
[4th source, March '94]
Weed: Mex: $20/eigth on the street, $60/ounce from most Mexicans
'Ganje' Killer dope $60/eighth for *fat* eights. Might be $50-55 for
slightly lesser grade. $320/oz if you can find the right person. "Best
Weed Santa Barbara has ever seen!" High Times quote)
Hash: not too bad quality, ~30/quarter.
Hits/Shrooms: Very hard to find, but average prices ($3-5 'cid, $20/eight
shrooms).
Opium: Be real careful here. There is some shit going around that smells like
Jasmine. I think it's that Black Opium insence found in the back of HT.
It's $20/eighth, but don't waste your money.
*Everything above except for the Kind prices are from around the Venice beach
area. The 'ganje' I've only been able to find up in Santa Barbara, but it's
well worth the trip.
Location: San Diego
Date: April '94
Speed: $20 per 1/4 gm, $80 per 1/16 oz
[2nd source, May '94]
Mexican 'dirt' weed: $100/ounce, $15/eighth, $25/quarter
Bud: up to $65/eigth "one or two hits cause you to trip"
Location: San Francisco
Date: June 93
Marijuana:
Killer Green from emerald triangle (northern california) ~$60/ 1/8 ounce.
Mexican brown ~$40/ 1/4 ounce, maybe $350-400/ 1/4 pound.
Acid: ~$75/ sheet of 100.
Mushrooms: psylocybe cubensis ~$75/ ounce.
Methamphetamine: $100/gram
MDMA: $150/gram (10 hits) "gone up a lot lately due to rave scene...used to be
$75/gram last year."
U4Euh: (Verbosamine, Intellex, Ice) $125/ gram
2CB: $100/ gram
heroin: $200 gram
cocaine: $75 gram
mescaline: $50 gram
[2nd source, Bay Area, December '93]
LSD: Purple shields $4/blotter, very weak (Suns are stronger, medium)
Location: Santa Cruz
Date: April '94
Shrooms: $15/eighth, $25/quarter, $500/half pound. High quality.
Location: South Bay Area (Mountain View, Cupertino, West San Jose, Sunnyvale)
Date: May '93
marijuana:
- Green Bud #1: Light green in color. Totally covered in red hairs. Full,
big, mature buds (Some weigh in at 15+ grams each) good smell, great high.
Good availibility.
$60 3.5 grams
$425 1 oz.
- Green Bud #2: Dark green nuggets. Very dense and squishy. Intoxicating
aroma. Burns well due to moisture content (not too dry, not too wet). This
is the one hit shit. It comes around twice a year from Humboldt County.
Very hard to find, rarely available in quantities.
$55 3.0 grams
$400 1 oz. (If you can find someone who can keep this much around)
- Brown Mexican Bud #1: Shitty, shitty, shitty. It looks shitty, smells
shitty, and tastes like burnt dirt. A friend found a rusty screw in a 1/4
lb. sack.
$20 3.5 grams
$150 1 oz.
$500 1/4 lb.
$1700 lb.
State: Colorado
Location: Boulder
Marijuana:
- "Kind Bud": medium to very light, bright green. Orange "hairs" and
white/translucent "crystals". Very sticky and heavy when wet, but
very light and fluffy when dry. Buds are large and shapely (meaning:
recognizable, not crushed, compared to "shwag" Mexican). Usually no
seeds, but if you're lucky :-) you'll get a couple. Not widely
available. "stoned with one hit", "high quality"
[Summer '93]: $50/eighth ounce
[Winter '92/93]: $40/eighth ounce
- "Shwag Bags": dark to medium green and brownish. If brown, it smells
like dirt and will taste even worse. Plant is crushed and a large
portion (sometimes up to 50%, if you really get screwed) of the mass
is comprised of seeds and stems. Color is uniform (no orange hairs)
and there are no crystals. Readily available.
"smoke a whole bowl to get really high" "smoke more harsh" "not fresh"
[Summer '93]: $40-50/quarter ounce
[Winter '92/93]: $30-40/quarter ounce
Location: Denver
Date: November '93
Pot mexican commercial: $30-40/quarter, $100-120/oz, $875-1000/pound
Kind buds, super killer: $80-100 a quarter, $3200-3600+ a pound
Hash: $10-20 a gram, $250-325 an oz, $900-950 quarter pound
XTC: $15-25 a hit, $1700-2400/oz. Availability is irregular, quality unknown.
LSD: $2-5 a hit, $70-150 a sheet (100 hits), $700-1000 ten sheets.
Availabilty irregular
Mushrooms: $30-45 a quarter, $900-1100 a pound, $700-800 ten pounds+.
Availability somewhat better than lsd
Heroine (black tar only, no china white powder): $15-20 for a small piece
1/20 to 1/30 of a gram, $120-180 for a half gram. Availability is good
but must be bought on the street.
[2nd source, December '93]
Marijuana: Good red hair commercial mexican- $90/OZ, $900/5 pounds
[3rd source, March '94]
MJ: 750-1000/pound for commercial mex. to get below $900 you need to know an
importer, preferably a mexican insider. A friend got a pound for $650, but
it was moldy and didn't smell too good. Still stony though.
State: Delaware
Location: Newark
Date: July 24th '93
"Just about anything is available here, nobody seems to have any trouble
finding weed, hash, LSD, speed, coke or crack. MDMA availability seems to
be highly correlated with certain parties where there is little or no
beer and many weird looking people dancing all night that happen about
once or twice a month. Shrooms, microdots that are alledgedly mescaline
(but more likely one of its more potent analogues), ketamine, PCP,
heroin and various pharmacuticals are all available but if you don't
know the right people it might take a week or two to find them.
Alcohol: $1.75 domestics, $2.75 imports, $1.75+ mixed drinks. in a bar
Marijuana: $45-55/quarter, decent stuff, good availability
LSD: $4/hit; Recent brands: Snowmen, plain grey blotter; Availability: fair
MDMA: $20-25/hit "variable, but usually good"
Cocaine: $80/gram last summer for pretty good stuff, I don't keep track
of coke prices because I don't buy it very often.
State: Florida
Location: Daytona Beach [April '94]
Pot: 120-1OZ 60$-1/2 40$-1/4 20-1/8. Sometimes good sometimes not so bad.
Locally grown: 5$ a oz, Really shitty but 2 jays get ya there
Date: August '93
Location: Gainesville
Pot - $40 / quarter ounce
LSD - $5 a hit. Just starting to trickle back in after a 6 month drought.
Nexus - $25 / capsule. Only place I know of to get it is a head shop.
Shrooms - "still haven't seen them, only know of one person who has this
summer."
Location: Miami
LSD: hits $5 each; sheets $135 (white THICK blotter)
Location: Palm Beach County
Date: February '94
LSD: Sporadically available. Hard to obtain, we dry out most of the time.
* Orange Sunshine Blotter - $6 a hit. Larger quanities not usually for
sale. Average quality. 8 Hour Trip...
* White Blotter - $5 a hit. Larger quanites not available. Very good,
"clean", and visual. 11-12 Hour trip.
* Pink Flamingo Blotter - $3-4 a dose. FAKE! Blank paper. Don't buy...
MJ: * Basic Mexican Weed: $120 per ounce. Nice, green, and nice pine smell.
* Cheaper variety: $100 per ounce. Older looking and more seeds. Works
fine, tho.
Cocaine: Readily available, price unknown.
Indoles and phenethylamines are not available.
State: Hawaii
Speed: $100 1/4 gram, $150 1/2 gram, $400 16th Oz, $700 8/th Oz, $3500-4000
Ounce. Clear, high-quality white crystal.
State: Illinois
Location: Champaign (UIUC campus)
Date: March '94
MJ: $40 1/4. Beat-up, brown brick buds. Not too much smell. Decent high
considering what the stuff looks like. You'll come down and be sleepy in
an hour.
Shrooms: $25 1/8 $50 1/4. Consistent supply. Type Unknown. 1/16 is good for
about a 5hr trip.
Location: Chicago
Marijuana: $45/quarter "kicked in right away" "intense buzz" "not very
potent" [north Chicago, Nov '93]
Buds: $50/quarter. Quite potent, one or two bong hits will do ya. Fantastic
smell (unburnt), pretty smooth going down. [north Chicago, Nov '93]
[2nd source, March '94]
MJ: $10/eigth. Shake, sometimes cut with parsley or oregano. Not much good.
[3rd source]
Heroin: $20 bag, about 60-80 mg. Very fine white powder. Cut with sleeping
pills. High quality. Increasing availability. [West, Late February '94]
Acid: $5/hit - blotter paper. "Ant"-acid. Common, but variable type. [North,
Early March '94]
Methedrine: $10 bag. Cut with caffeine. Large physical quantity, so so effect.
Common. [Truckstop, Late February '94]
[4th source, March '94]
MJ: $35 1/8, $70 1/4. Very good quality. Light and dark green, small dense
buds. Rather sticky with good skunky smell. Few seeds & stems, but not too
bad. Good, long lasting high.
[5th source, Hyde Park, June '94]
Marijuana: $40/quarter. Almost all nice, green buds. Nice!
State: Indiana
Location: Portage
Marijuana: $45 - 1/4 or $150 an ounce. Mediocre stuff, kinda dry. Hard to come
by lately. [August '93]
[2nd source, October '93]
Marijuana: excellent stuff. Better than what has been available all summer.
Moist, tastey. Stoned from a few hits. Availability is great. Very EASY
to get. $45 1/4, $120 ounce.
LSD: Very good stuff. $3/dose, $90 half-sheet of 50. Availibility is good.
Usually takes a day to get.
[3rd source, 20 December '93- Portage and surrounding cities]
Marijuana: TIGHTLY compressed bud. Dark green, good 'skunky' smell. Strong
hits, one joint gets even the heaviest smoker stoned. Very easily obtained.
Delivered right to your door. $40 a 1/4 oz., and $120 an oz.
Note: Slightly less than an ounce is only a misdemeanor in Indiana! They are
searching a lot of vehicles, lately, so if you have an ounce or more, be
careful, it's a stiff felony! Chesterton, Indiana, or neighboring city just
spent a whopping $10,000 for a drug sniffing dog they now carry around to
search vehicles on the spot. First month's statistics are 5 marijuana busts. Be
warned!
State: Iowa
Location: Des Moines
Date: April '94
Marijuana: 1/8 oz - $25, 1/4 oz - $45-50, 1/2 oz - $85-100, 1 oz - $140-170.
From the sources I've seen, bags are mostly buds, very little shake. Buds
are full of red hairs and have a strong, green odor, usually around 2-3
inches long. General rule is to get it when shipments first come in, and
you'll end up with the longer buds with very few seeds, but a few big
stems. Very intense high, 1 or two bong hits will send you flying, a
couple bongloads will knock you on your ass.
LSD: $5-6 Everyone says it takes a couple hits to work
Shrooms: $35 for an 1/8 oz., but I haven't seen 'em. Pretty rare.
[They really depend on how well you know the source, and availability.
(Everyone seems to run out at the same time around here)]
State: Kansas
Location: Manhattan
Date: 2/14/94
-All of these readily available-
Mj: -Mexican commercial pressed, $45/quarter, $135/ounce. Average -- typical
mexican weed
-Good skunk bud, $55/quarter, $150/ounce. Very good -- 1-2 hit stuff.
Cocaine (powder): $40/quarter-gram, $250/eight-ball 3.5g. Cut somewhat -- hard
to tell how much
Crank,Speed,Methamphetamine: $40/quarter-gram, $250/eight-ball 3.5g. Less than
50% pure -- cut with some white vitamin tablet ?
LSD (blank blotter): $5/hit. Average dose -- ~75 micrograms
Mushrooms: $10/gram, $60/quarter. Good shrooms...always fun
State: Kentucky
Lockation: Bowling Greene
Date: April '94
Lsd: $5/hit. Good quality.
State: Maine
Location: Brunswick
Date: October '93
Marijuana: $165-$185/oz. Green and brown, flat compressed buds. Doesn't smoke
all that smooth but does the trick. It is everywhere now, though harvest
is slowing down; prices will rise soon as the supply shifts to out of state
sources.
"kind bud": $45-$55 1/8 oz. Bright green with whitish crystals, nice
nuggets. Haven't gotten a chance to try any, but all reports are that this
is one hit dope. Harder to find.
LSD: Sporadic availibility. Snowmen: $3/hit $150/sheet Plain ol' acid, nothing
special, not particularly speedy but not particularly strong. White Blotter
$4/hit. Got it once, similar to snowmen, couldn't tell the difference.
Shrooms: Come and go, when they are here they are expensive but very good.
$25-$35 1/8 oz.
Location: Orono
Date: April '93
LSD: $5/ hit "Quality varies slightly"
Availability "sparce, arid, very undependable"
State: Maryland
Date: May '93
"Nothing but weed available"
Marijuana: $25/eigth, average quality
"Recently got a half of good stuff for $75"
State: Massachusetts
Location: Amherst
Date: January '94
MJ: 30 1/8 oz good, fluffy greed; $50-55 1/4 good, fluffy green; $$25 1/8 oz
for commercail, compact bud. $10 1/4 for leaf. 1 oz. = 130 for good bud;
1 oz. = 180 for KIND bud (no joke, the real thing)
acid: $3 or $4 for a hit
mushrooms: $25 1/8 oz. $50 1/4 oz.
Location: Boston
Date: September '93
Marijuana: ~$25/eighth. Quality varies. Probably good homegrown or maybe
mexican. Seen some california kind but it's pricey. Have seen shitty
shake on sale for $15/eighth.
[2nd source, February '94]
MJ: $75/qtr for good, green, sticky, few seeds, or $250 oz if you buy bulk!
$40/qtr for mexican commercial grade, seeds'n'stems, gets the job done.
[3rd source, March '94]
MJ: 1/8 oz. $25, 1/4 oz. $45, 1/2 oz. $75, 1 oz. $125, QP $375-$450 (depending
upon quality)
[4th source, April '94]
Ecstasy: $20-25 / hit
State: Michigan
Date: March'94
Shrooms: $15-$20/eighth
Acid: $2-3/hit, $120/sheet
Location: Lansing (East)
Date: November '93
Marijuana: $25/Eight, $45/Quarter. Good stuff, little red hairs.
State: Minnesota
Location: Duluth
Date: November '93
Marijuana: Generic commericial run of the mill green: $60 per 1/4, $220 per
oz. or $125-175 per oz. depending on who you know.
One-hit-fall-down-and-spasm-wonder-weed $100 per 1/4 or $325 per oz.
depending on who you know. Availability scarce.
State: Missouri
Date: Early May '94
Acid: $5/hit. Blotter w/ Felix the cat print. Quality: "Absolutely AMAZING. I
took three hits of Felix, a couple bong hits, and my world was awash in
tracers and patterns, a veritable overload of visual information. Fairly
mentally disorienting, but not the worst. VERY strong". Sometimes available
in the rave scene.
State: Nevada
Location: Incline Village area (North Lake Tahoe)
- see Californian entry
State: New Mexico
Date: February '94
MJ: * tex-mex $100 a z
* local indica $175 a z
* oregon sticky $250 a z
State: New York
Date: August '93
Location: Brooklyn ("Prices apply generally for the whole NY area")
Shrooms: 1/8th $20
LSD: 1 tab (blotter square) $3 - $5
Marijuana: 1/8th $30 - $35
1/4 $45 - $50
*the MJ prices are for street quality, ie. its not specially grown and
usually not called anything. sometimes referred to by name such as skunk,
chocolate thai, etc but the credibility is left up to the buyer to decide
*MJ is usually sold in Xbags rather than by weight. In other words you
would get a 20 bag (for $20) and hope that its large.
[other source, November '93]
2CB: $10/hit. Largish gelcaps, white powder inside. Takes effect in about
an hour, very ticklish sensation all over, feels good to be touched,
hallucinations kick in soon after and trip resembles acid thereafter.
Ends abruptly without the sleeplessness or lingering burnt-out feeling
of acid.
Location: Buffalo
Date: January '94
Weed: $30 1/8 oz, $55 1/4 oz. do to good, not to big.
$45 1/4 oz shaggy bud (lot's o seeds)
Acid: 1 hit, $5
Mushrooms (from New York) $50 per 1/4 oz.
Location: New York
Date: March '94
LSD: $5/hit
State: North Carolina
Date: Early-mid June '94
Acid: $250/sheet(100 hits) (Felix the Cat; see Missouri entry). Availability:
"Good luck! You'll have to be connected to find it, but it's there!"
State: Ohio
Location: Columbus
MJ: Cnd$40-$60[~US$55-$82]
[2nd source, June '94]
LSD: $4/hit, $140/half sheet. Grey paper, medium dosage, nice visuals.
Availability sporadic
MJ: $25/ 1/8, $40/ 1/4. Lots of seeds, but some pretty tight buds as well.
Location: Oberlin
Marijuana: Decent quality, $25-$35 per 1/8 ounce. ($25 per 1/8 in a half,
$35 for 1/8 by itself)
LSD: $5 a hit blotter/liquid
Shrooms: $30 an 1/8th. Nice.
State: Oregon
Location: Portland
Date: October '93
Marijuana: $250/oz. - SE Pdx, "Sunnyside indoor green bud" - sensi indica,
sweet, very dry but sticky, short but intense high.
$125/oz. - Seems to be everywhere, Mexican "red hair", grade B+, sativa,
seeds but lots of tight little buds, stoney for the price, "save your
seeds".
$160 - $200/oz. - NE & SE Pdx, "Afghani" hash - mild expansion, nothing
like the "old days" but still works, on the dry side.
[2nd source, January '94]
MJ: $35 1/8 oz of GOOD bud, i mean good.
Mushrooms= $400 1/2 lb.
State: Pennsylvania
Location: Pittsburgh
Date: October '93
Marijuana: 1/4 lb for $515; 1/8th Oz for usually $25, 1/4 for 45, Oz for 150.
Arcata California (home of THE kind bud of the world...): 1/8th for $50,
1/4 for $90.
[other source, October '93]
Marijuana: Brownish mexican pot (ok stuff, a little stale, gets the job
done): $30/eighth. Northern Lights (killer green.. one hit stuff):
$50/eighth
Acid: $4-5/hit
[another, November '93]
LSD: $5/hit. Orange sunshine blotter. Very strong.
2CB: $10/hit. Largish gelcaps, white powder inside. Takes effect in about
an hour, very ticklish sensation all over, feels good to be touched,
hallucinations kick in soon after and trip resembles acid thereafter.
Ends abruptly without the sleeplessness or lingering burnt-out feeling
of acid.
[4th, 20 January '94]
MJ: 1/2 ounce for $90. Quality ok- all bud/no leaves,though a bit too seedy.
Many busts lately, though availiability is still ok- but due to a new
dealer the quality decreased, not nearly as potent]
State: Rhode Island
Date: November '93
2CB: $10/hit. Largish gelcaps, white powder inside. Takes effect in about
an hour, very ticklish sensation all over, feels good to be touched,
hallucinations kick in soon after and trip resembles acid thereafter.
Ends abruptly without the sleeplessness or lingering burnt-out feeling
of acid.
[2nd source, March '94]
Marijuana: $10/gram
State: Texas
Location: Austin
Date: April '94
Marijuana:
* Commercial Mexican: $25/quarter. Bricked, *very* dry, seedy. Greener than
other recent batches, fewer red/orange hairs. Harsh smoke, lots of cough.
High is somewhat shallow, but has a decent duration.
* Commercial Mexican: $25/quarter. Same source as above, but much lighter
green, damper. Better, smoother toke, fewer seeds and stems. Stonier.
* G9: $90/qtr from the grower, $100+/qtr further down the line. This is
supposedly a (Northern Lights x Skunk #1) x (a whole slew of hybrids).
Whatever it is, it's the most potent smoke I've ever encountered in my
life. Let me repeat that. In my life. It looks like a vivid green and
red thai stick, with very little of the white crystalization seen on
some of the other Kind in town. The sticks are approximately 1 inch wide,
and about 1/2 inch thick. A .25 inch slice from a bud, cut into 4 pieces,
will absolutely fry a half-dozen people. Frighteningly good.
* Afghani Hash Plant: $100/quarter. Beautiful buds, a little loose. Leaves
(when dried) are a lighter green than I'd expected from an Afghani, with
whitish tints in some places, interspresed with brilliant shoots of deep
red and orange. Very energetic, spacey high.
* Green Spirit (Big Bud x Skunk #1): $90/quarter. Intense smell from the
skunk, the dried bud looks like it's been dipped in a sugar glaze there's
so much resin dried on it. High is very spacy, long-lasting (4-6 hours from
1 bowl) and good to groove on. Still around from last time (when I in-
correctly identified it as Green Vision. I blame the drugs :-).
* Local Skunk Bud, misidentified last time as Jamaican: $75/quarter. This
was grown outdoors locally (allegedly 300+ lbs.). Big fat nuggets of
smooth green smoke, a bargain at the price, especially considering that
it is moderately-seeded. Lots of people are starting gardens from this
stuff. The high is medium duration, but very strong and mellow. If the
seeded bud is this potent, I can't wait to try some of the Sinse from
it...
* Reputable friends have reported seeing unharvested Hindu Kush #3,
Northern Lights #2, Thai Skunk (Thai x Skunk #1), (Haze x Skunk #1),
Skunk #1 and 4-Way (Skunk x NL x NL x Skunk). It sounds like upcoming
months will be Kind indeed here at the home of the the Armadillo.
Location: Dallas/Ft. Worth area
marijuana: "$100/oz or $1050/lb - excellent quality - 2 to 3 toke high"
[2nd source, September '93]
LSD: 50 hits of Mindblaster (paper)/$2.50 per hit "A little on the weak side
for me, 3 hits were okay, will try four next time. Friend said 2 were
definitely not enough."
- 50 hits of Black Dot (paper)/$2.90 per hit "Didn't get a chance to try
this one"
Location: Houston
Date: Early august '93
Marijuana: Indica, Huge light green buds and stink really bad. (Not sinse,
had fair amount of seeds)- Incredible killer dope.
US$120 / quarter ounce
[other source, October '93]
Marijuana: Mexican: US$30 a quarter oz. Typical summer mexican buds - mostly
greenish brown flat gnarly looking buds. Fortunately it's usually not too
compressed. Will definitely get you high if you smoke enough... Loaded
with small, smooth, black seeds... very stemmy. Always available unless
it gets REALLY dry (hasn't happened this summer). Buy the kind instead of
this if you can...
- Kind buds:
Thai: US$120 a quarter oz. Was available in august. Outdoor grow kind. No
seeds. Big brownish kinda-dry buds with harsh smoke that tastes a bit like
it has gasoline fumes in it... Gets you quite stoned with only one good
hit though. Overall it's pretty good.
Colombian gold hash buds: US$140 a quarter oz. also available in august.
From same source as the Thai. No seeds. Big light brown (almost beige) buds
with traces of green. Gets you VERY stoned in short order.
Northern Lights: US$100 a quarter oz. was available in September. Local
hydroponic grown... No seeds. Nice sticky dark green "fluffy" buds.
Takes about 5 mins to kick in but gets you nice and high as opposed to
stoned. Wears off rather quickly though (in about an hour or hour and a
half)... :(
Indica!: US$120 a quarter oz. Available in mid october (about a week ago).
Probably outdoor grow skunk buds. Huge fluffy, sticky light green buds.
Very fresh so it's most likely local grow. Moderate amount of seeds. Not
quite as strong smelling or as nice tasting as it has been in the past but
unbelievable nonetheless. One good hit gets you REALLY REALLY high. Two
gets you very stoned. Awesome stuff. You bet I'm saving the seeds.
[3rd source, november '93]
mexican brick : usual winter mex. Small crushed buds, dark green, some red
hairs evident in the shake, stemmy with lots of seeds. Not bad overall for
brick, and at $25/quarter-oz I don't complain.
kind bud#1: very dark green sativa. large dense buds but not very strong
smelling. one or two seeds found. VERY high THC content - one large bong
hit I was mortally wounded, which is unusual... $120/quarter-oz
kind bud#2: exactly the same as #1, from the same source even, but with less
THC. Probably just a different plant from the same stock. Excellent bud
though.
kind bud#3: some weird strain of indica. not as green or strong smelling as
indica usually is. light green buds dappled with red. big and very
lightweight fluffy buds with no seeds and not much stem, so nearly the
entire bag was smokeable. lots of big crystals and very tasty... very
potent and a great deal at $110/quarter-oz
LSD: a clear liquid in a small vial. $5 for a couple of drops on a
sugar-cube. good stuff
[4th source, Southwest Houston, Jan 24, 1994]
MJ: 1/2 lb $400.00, 1/4 lb $250.00, 1/16 lb $80.00- Med. green, compressed,
mexican.
State: Utah
Date: October '93
Weed: ~$110-$135/oz. Killer bud ~$250/oz max.
Location: Salt Lake City
Date: May '93
Weed: $25-$50/eigth, fair-extremely good. Availability: constant
Acid: $3-$10/hit, crappy-extremely good. Availability: erratic
Shrooms: $20/eighth. Availability: rare
Mescaline: $10/good dose [1/5 gram]. Availability: rare
State: Virginia
Date: June '93
Marijuana: $50-$80/ 1/4 ounce (good - better)
Acid: $5 a hit (5-10 hits) to less than $1 a hit for more than a sheet
Shrooms: about $60-$90/ 1/4 ounce
"Availability varies widely. Although almost all drugs are available on
demand to some, only crack is avaiable to those without connections.
Those buying off the street are the frequently busted."
[other source]
Weed: $50-$75 1/4, depending on quality. $150 oz normal.
Shrooms: $35-$40 1/4
Acid: $3-$5 hit, sheets vary widely.
Shrooms and weed widely available, acid flakey.
[other source]
Location: Washington, DC
Date: July '93
Marijuana: ~$200/ OZ (most common, actually a little expensive). Price most
often depends on WHO is selling. High quality stuff gets around (in small
quantities) but is generally cheaper (~ $100-150 / OZ). Not much "killer"
stuff around. The most common is quite seedy and brown, but the buds are
generally kind. When quality stuff makes it this far it tends to come from
Oregon/N. California and is seedless, green smelly buds.
The $200/OZ stuff can generally be scored in under a month. Everything else
fluctuates tremendously as there are no other regular sources. Price has
been steady for over a year now. Most of this, of course, depends on who you
know... On the street you'll be easily ripped off.
[other source, November '93]
MDMA: $30/hit. White gelcaps. Took a long time to come on, but lasted a long
time.
K: Not sure how much this is going for, but I've seen it going around a lot
at raves, usually just being shared, not sold.
[2nd source, March '94]
MJ: Kind bud, $50 / Eight
State: Washington
marijuana: $40 an eighth, "outstanding"
Location: Seattle
Date: August '93
Marijuana: $35/eight; Green, sticky, smelly, doesn't weigh and is of
relatively low quality. Available pretty regularly (but always look for
something better first). (South Seattle area)
Mushrooms: dry, in a baggy, approx 3 grams, $20 (was asking $25, but I only
had a 20 on me, and I saved him from getting nabbed by a cop in an
unmarked blazer. Very potent, a good time was had by all. Purchased at
a concert in Eastern WA, so a repeat performance can not be scheduled.
MDMA: gelatin capsule filled with a white powdery substance $20 a hit.
Available infrequently. Capitol Hill area(Seattle WA)
State: Wisconsin
Location: Madison
Date: August 1 '93
LSD-25 : White blotter (.5 cm square), with picture of a barrel of monkeys
labelled FUN. Very good quality.4 / dose.
Marijuana : Homegrown, good quality. $10 / ~ 1.5 grams.
Nitrous Oxide : Whippits! $7 / 10 carts, $16 / 24 carts, $25 / 4 carts.
Location: Milwaukee (South Side/Suburban)
Date: October '93
Pot: $40/quarter, brickweed; potency of 8 (on scale to 10)
Shrooms: Yellow cap(?) $8/gm ($95/oz)... "Good buzz off of 2gms - kind of
hard to get."
Acid: $3-5/hit; quality and features unknown (blotter)
- "Can't find hash, opium (always rare), or XTC anywhere in the milwaukee
area."
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---
Please send your local info for the Drug Price report; anonymously by mailing
through a Cypherpunk remailer, Charcoal or rich%weeds.hacktic.nl@anon.penet.fi
"...(Cocaine) policy and regulations take little account of these conclusions,
just as drug regulations in the past have been based neither on science nor on
sense." - C. van Dyke and R. Byck, "Cocaine", Scientific American, March 1982.

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From: govegan@uclink.berkeley.edu (Scott Andrew Selby)
Newsgroups: talk.politics.drugs
Subject: WHY DRUG FREE? (pamphlet)
Date: 14 Apr 1994 21:41:26 GMT
Message-ID: <2okda6$8kt@agate.berkeley.edu>
This is a new essay to try to explain the various issues involved
with drug consumption. Please e-mail comments on this to me as I
am going to do another draft of it. Both positive and negative
feedback is appreciated (but please be constructive). For a hard
copy to pass out, send a SASE to the address listed at the end of
this file. Thanks.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
WHY DRUG-FREE?
Personal and Political Responsibility in Daily Life
Recreational drug use is one of the most widespread and
destructive habits facing us today. Much like other matters of
lifestyle, drug use is not contained entirely within either the private
or the public realm, but lies somewhere in between. The
ramifications of the purchase and consumption of a beer and a
cigarette include, for instance, not only obvious harm to the
consumers body, but also tacit financial support of the political
causes to which the given alcohol/tobacco corporation contributes,
often right-wing in nature. The successful election campaigns of
North Carolina Senator Jesse Helms in 1984 and 1990, for
example, were both funded in large part by profits from the alcohol
and tobacco industries, of which the right-wing congressman has
been an ardent supporter.1 There is an element of irony in this; the
drugs that are used in the name of youthful rebellion end up
benefiting the extreme-right<68> against which the rebellion claims to
be pitted in the first place.
From a health/social perspective things look even worse.
While political setbacks can in the end be overcome, nothing can
be done to bring back the four-hundred thousand people who die
in the United States as a result of cigarette consumption alone
every year, during which hundreds of thousands more fall victim to
other alcohol- and other drug-related deaths.
HEALTH
Perhaps the most obvious argument against drug use is the
tremendous toll recreational drugs take on the human body.
Cigarettes have been conclusively shown to cause lung cancer;
cancer of the pharynx, larynx, esophagus, bladder, and pancreas;
chronic bronchitis; peptic ulcers; emphysema; and various birth
defects (if consumed by a pregnant woman). Alcohol can cause an
often-fatal cirrhosis of the liver if ingested regularly over a long
period of time, and use by a pregnant woman can cause birth
defects. Marijuana cigarettes, often thought to be harmless, cause
lung-related illnesses at a rate four times that of their tobacco-filled
bretheren, not to mention their user's lessened ability to
concentrate on difficult tasks, the chronic consumer's weakened
short-term memory, impotency for men, and long-term lowered sex-
drive for all users.2 Consumption of LSD can lead to permanent
brain damage, including psychosis and death. And underlying
each drug's long list of individual problems is the fact that almost all
recreational drugs result in physical dependency (even marijuana,
commonly thought in mainstream society to only be
"psychologically" addictive.)3 New drugs continue to be created
whose long term health affects are not yet known - although
immediate health-problems have been linked to some, such as the
draining of spinal fluid by MDMA (Ecstasy).4
Indeed, those who produce and sell recreational drugs are
guilty of human rights violations on a grand scale. In the name of
money and profits, they knowingly promote use of products that
end hundreds of thousands of lives every year, and harm countless
others.
SOCIAL RAMIFICATIONS
An individual's drug habit has a profound effect upon the
community of people with which he/she interacts on a daily basis.
According to government statistics, second hand smoke alone is
responsible for the deaths of fifty-thousand Americans each year.
Drunk drivers kill an additional seventy-thousand innocent human
beings during the same time period. In no uncertain terms this
amounts to murder. Are profits more important than human lives?
The answer from the recreational drug business is a resounding
"Yes!"
From an inter-personal perspective, it is clear that while
under the influence of any mind-altering drug, one has decreased
control of one's actions. This affects both the individual and those
around him/her. It is often the main factor in occurrences of assault,
sexual transgressions, domestic violence, and physical abuse in
general. Date rape is often caused by lessened sexual inhibitions
brought on by drug consumption. Unfortunately, a complete list of
social problems exacerbated by drug use is too long to include in a
pamphlet of this length. Even if one personally has never been a
perpetrator in a drug-related incident, one is still responsible for
such occurrences, through drug consumption or support thereof.
Passivity equals compliance.
POLITICAL ISSUES
It is a travesty that while use of illegal drugs is combated,
consumption of alcohol and tobacco is actively promoted.
Corporations are even willing to lie in order to increase profits.
They consistently deny that the products they make and sell are
dangerous. Cigarette manufacturers, for example, claim that
cigarettes are neither a threat to the consumer's health nor
addictive,5 despite scientific proof to the contrary. Even the United
States government, ostensibly set up to protect the rights of the
country's citizens, have been promoters of the legal drug industry.
Indeed it is only a minority of government officials who have been
fighting the tobacco industry, albeit on a limited scale.
The federal government is not doing much to stop the public
health threat caused by alcohol/cigarette consumption because the
major corporations have the United States Congress in shackles,
which take the form of gifts, contributions, and campaign funds.6 In
the American South, where tobacco is an important industry,
congressmen are virtually forced to support the tobacco
corporations or face expulsion from office come election-time. For
this reason, federal subsidies exist for tobacco growers that insure
them a profit on their crops.7 The corporations placate the would-
be opposition in government with money, which allows them to
manufacture their harmful products unquestioned.
The products and their health-hazards, however, are only
part of the picture. Both in the United States and abroad,
alcohol/tobacco corporations have been well-known supporters of
an ultra-conservative political agenda. Indeed, almost all of the
corporations that manufacture alcohol and cigarettes turn over a
significant portion of their profits to special-interest groups that
oppose civil-rights legislation and social programs. The Coors
corporation, for example, has opposed the U.S. Civil Rights Act,
affirmative action, the Equal Rights Amendment, U.S. labor unions,
and has been guilty of severe environmental damage in Colorado.
Perhaps most conspicuously they are the founders and primary
financial backers of the Colorado-based Heritage Foundation: an
anti-Semitic, racist, anti-civil rights, right-wing think tank.8 Coors is
not alone in its reactionary pursuits. Henry Weinhard's brewery, for
example, has used profits from beer sales to fund Operation
Rescue.
From the perspective of change, drugs only contribute to
maintaining the status quo. Those who are opposed to the current
system often believe that there is something rebellious about
consuming illegal drugs. The reality is that by purchasing and
consuming drugs, they support the establishment which they
dislike so much. Their consumption also minimizes the volume of
their dissent by neutralizing their activist-tendencies. Drug use
fosters an apathetic environment in which people seek to escape
the troubled conditions of this world instead of working to change
them. It is the people who live in the worst conditions, (and thus
have the greatest need to fight for social change), who most often
become drug addicts, a fact which explains the high rate of
alcoholism among the economically-depressed Native Americans,
and a similarly high percentage of drug use among America's
urban lower class. This, of course, pleases those who run the
country: they face no threat of rebellion as long as the
disenfranchised are busily involved with drugs. In 1989, under
President George Bush, the government set up a highly-selective
'War on Drugs', which gave law enforcement officials free reign to
abuse their authority among society's underclass, all the while
promoting the use of alcohol and other legal drugs among the
same sector of society.
Drug production is a waste of environmental resources. It is
unnecessary, unsustainable, and often directly damages the
environment. Food-stuffs, which in sharp contrast are important to
produce, could be grown on the land used to produce the drugs.
Residents of Northern California and parts of Hawaii have
witnessed the virtual destruction of their respective ecosystems
with the large marijuana crops that have taken over their
countryside.9 Coca plants (used in cocaine production) litter vast
tracts of land in Central and South America, as do poppies (used
for heroin production) in various Asian countries. Tobacco
production often involves heavy use of wood, burned in order to
"flue cure" the product. In Eastern Kenya, Pakistan, and heavily-
forested Brazil, the effects of logging for the purposes of this aspect
of cigarette production have already been felt. In fact, it is estimated
that one tree is felled per 300 cigarettes made.10 In addition,
pollution is created with the production of LSD, cocaine, alcoholic
beverages, and heroin. The packaging involved for some of these
substances is often wasteful, especially that of cigarettes, which
involves throw-away plastic products.
Problems in the non-industrialized world brought on by legal
drug corporations as well as illegal drug producers is another
disturbing consequence of the drug business. Tobacco and alcohol
are sold to poor people in developing nations often without any
warnings about negative health-effects, especially horrendous
given the fact that the cigarettes sold there often contain twice as
much tar (the main carcinogen in cigarettes) as do those sold in the
First World.11 Instead of improving their dire conditions, people are
encouraged to spend what little money they have on products that
will make them more like members of the industrialized world.
Cigarettes, for example, are promoted on television and billboards
as a symbol of progress.12 The reality is that with each drink, puff,
snort, and injection, the already-slim chance that the third-world
citizen will ever live in conditions comparable to those of a typical
first-world counterpart begin to disappear. The drain on financial
resources caused by a drug habit is magnified in the case of the
third-world addict. Unfortunately, many of the targeted consumers
do not have the opportunity to make an informed decision about
the products that may eventually kill them.
Legal and illegal drug production in the developing world
affects not only consumers, but workers as well. They are abused
by employers, earning very little money picking cash crops, while
they could instead be making a decent living producing food-stuffs.
The employers, especially those who manufacture and traffic illegal
drugs, often resort to violent means of protecting their industry. In
some countries, most notably Columbia, the result is chaos. With
the money obtained from selling their cocaine, marijuana, heroin,
and other drugs, those involved in the drug trade have created a
climate of corruption and violence throughout the non-
industrialized world, as they have in many economically depressed
areas of the developed world.
ALTERNATIVES
In the face of a corrupt industry, both in America and abroad,
people must challenge the idea that illegal drugs should be treated
separately from alcohol and tobacco, a distinction based upon the
assumption that only illegal drugs are truly "drugs". This way of
thinking demonizes illicit drugs and at the same time makes licit
drugs appear innocuous<75> hiding the fact that there is no real
difference between the two categories. A prominent proponent of
the legal/illegal mind-set is the "Partnership for a Drug-Free
America", which, in fact, is primarily financed by the alcohol and
tobacco industries. The ideas promoted by this group through print
and television ads bolster the sales of the legal drug industry's
products, maintaining a good public image. They operate on the
assumption that the public is gullible enough to believe that 'drugs
can't be too bad if they are legal'. Much too often, their strategy has
worked.
A change in personal lifestyle can be a slow process, but
luckily there are many effective methods of ending one's personal
drug habit. If you are addicted to drugs and want to quit, you can.
Seek help or counseling if you need it. Build strength to deal with
issues without needing an escape or depending upon a crutch.
Develop friendships that do not depend on sharing drugs to be
able to relate to one another. Make a life-long commitment to
yourself and the world to live drug-free. By being drug-free, one
boycotts both the various industries (legal and illegal) that produce
drugs as well as the actual concept of drug-taking. Awareness and
a change in personal lifestyle are both essential to effecting
political change.
ENDNOTES
1. (White) pp. 56-69.
2. UC Berkeley Tang Medical Health Center.
3. ibid.
4. ibid.
5. Tobacco Institute: (phone interview, April 1994).
6. (White) pp. 45-71.
7. (Whelan) p147.
8. (Bellant).
9. Humboldt County (CA) Chamber of Commerce (phone interview,
April 1994).
10. (Whelan) p172.
11. ibid. p170.
12. ibid. p169.
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY/BOOKS TO READ
Booze Merchants: The Inebriating of America M Jacobson, R.
Atkins, G. Hacker. CSPI Books, Washington D.C. 1983
Coors Connection R.Bellant. Political Research Associates,
Cambridge MA 1990 (Bellant)
Merchants of Death- The American Tobacco Industry L.C. White.
Beech Tree Books, New York, NY 1988 (White)
Smoking Gun: How the Tobacco Industry Gets Away With Murder
E.M. Whelan. George F. Stickley Co. Philadelphia PA 1984
(Whelan)
Ask a local librarian for help inter-library borrowing these
books or books on quitting specific substances. Please photocopy
and distribute this pamphlet. For more information or if you want to
help, send a self-addressed stamped envelope to:
Ideal For Living
PO Box 4353
Berkeley CA 94704-0353

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DRUGS OF ABUSE
And Their Detection in Urine
Ed Uthman, MD [GEnie: E.UTHMAN]
Diplomate, American Board of Pathology
April, 1993
HOW DRUG SCREENS ARE PERFORMED
The aims of the drug screen are to detect the presence of frequently abused
drugs in the urine of human subjects. Drug screens are used for one of
three purposes:
1) medical purposes (e.g., to monitor a patient's progress in a medical
treatment program for a drug abuse problem the patient has
acknowledged),
2) legal purposes (e.g., to determine if a suspect had taken controlled
substances prior to some accident or crime), and
3) medicolegal purposes (e.g., in an employer's drug abuse program aimed at
both preventing drug-related accidents and crimes and identifying and
treating employees with drug abuse problems).
For medical purposes, laboratories often use simple, less-expensive
methods aimed at identifying specific drugs with which the patient has had
problems in the past. It is not expected that the results of such drug
tests will be used as evidence against the patient in court. If these
results are used as evidence, it is likely that defense testimony will
successfully impugn the evidence.
For legal and medicolegal purposes, more stringent testing is necessary
to obtain information that will successfully withstand technical criticism
in court. Therefore, drug screens done for these purposes often take a
two-tiered approach. First, there is a screening test done on the subject's
urine. This is usually a sensitive test that may have some discrepancies
in specificity (for instance, some popular over-the-counter cold medicines
may yield a positive amphetamine screen). Only if this test is positive for
one or more drugs is the second, more expensive test performed. Generally
courts will uphold testimony based on a drug test if positive results were
obtained on two separate tests based on different chemical methods.
AMPHETAMINES
Examples: amphetamine sulfate, dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine),
methamphetamine (Desoxyn, Methedrine).
Medical uses: Attention deficit disorder (hyperactivity) of childhood,
narcolepsy, obesity (occasionally and for limited period)
Effects attractive to abuser: Euphoria, increased ability to
concentrate, increased alertness, heightened ability to perform
intellectual and physical tasks, appetite suppression (for weight loss).
Adverse effects: Insomnia, restlessness, irritability, palpitations,
rapid heartbeat, sweating, dilation of pupils, confusion, psychosis,
convulsions, death.
How abused: Pills taken orally; solution injected intravenously;
occasionally snorted into the nose in granular form.
Typical urine detection cutoff level: 300 ng/mL
Period detectable after last dose: Up to 30 hours on low dose, 120 hours
on high dose.
Substances causing false positive results (on initial drug screen only):
decongestants (ephedrine [Vatronol, Efedron], phenylpropanolamine
[Propagest, Sucrets Decongestant Formula, Rhindecon]); "diet pills"
(phenmetrazine [Preludin], phentermine [Phentrol, Tora, Fastin, Obe-Nix,
Obephen, Obermine, Obestin, Parmine, Phentamine, Phentrol 2, Unifast,
Wilpowr, Adipex-P, Dapex-37.5, Ionamin, Phentrol], phenylpropanolamine
[Diadax, Prolamine, Control, Dex-A-Diet, Dexatrim-15, Unitrol, Maximum
Strength Acutrim, Appedrine]; blood vessel dilators (isoxuprine
[Vasodilan], nylidrin [Adrin, Arlidin]). Only confirmatory testing of the
urine will determine if these interfering drugs are present. It should be
noted that some of these drugs, such as phenmetrazine and phentermine,
while not technically amphetamines, have similar abuse potential and
similar adverse effects.
Phenylethylamine (a product of decomposing, unpreserved urine) may
produce false-positive screens in unrefrigerated, old specimens which have
not been treated with fluoride preservative.
BARBITURATES
Examples: Long acting- phenobarbital; intermediate-acting- amobarbital
(Amytal), butabarbital, talbutal; short-acting- secobarbital (Seconal),
pentobarbital (Nembutal).
Medical uses: Treatment of insomnia (short term only, and avoided
altogether by most physicians), long-term treatment of epilepsy
(phenobarbital), surgical anesthesia.
Effects attractive to abuser: Sedation, loss of inhibitions, induction
of sleep. Generally, the short-acting barbiturates have more abuse
potential than long-acting types.
Adverse effects: Agitation, confusion, nightmares, hallucinations,
lethargy, hangover, suppression of breathing reflexes, coma, death.
Physical dependence is well known, and withdrawal effects can be severe and
dangerous, even fatal.
How abused: Pills taken orally; solution injected intravenously.
Typical urine detection cutoff level: 300 ng/mL
Period detectable after last dose: long-acting 7 days, intermediate-acting
2-3 days; short-acting 1-2 days.
Substances causing false positive results: None reported.
METHADONE
Examples: Roxane, Dolophine
Medical uses: Treatment of opiate addicts in approved program
Effects attractive to abuser: Same as opiates (below)
Adverse effects: Same as opiates (below) but with lesser degree of physical
dependency (addiction)
How abused: Pills taken orally; solution injected intravenously.
Period detectable after last dose: 7.5-56 hours
Substances causing false positive results: doxylamine [Unisom Nighttime
Sleep Aid]. Presence of this substance would be ruled out by confirmatory
testing.
OPIATES
Examples: Morphine, heroin, codeine (as found in many prescription cough
medicines, such as Robitussin-AC, and pain medications, such as Tylenol
#3, Phenaphen #3 & #4, Empirin #3 & #4), oxycodone (Percodan),
hydromorphone (Dilaudid), hydrocodone (as in many prescription cough
medicines).
Medical uses: Relief of moderate to severe pain, treatment of persistent
cough (codeine), treatment of diarrhea.
>>> Continued to next message
* OLX 2.1 TD * ..What we got here is an ability to communicate..
___ Olms 1.60 [PSTB94B4]
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Msg#: 463 Date: 02-07-95 20:29
From: Dr_.dan@helix.eskimo.com Read: Yes Replied: No
To: All Mark:
Subj: drug tests 2/4
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net!eskimo!helix!Dr_.Dan
From: Dr_.Dan@helix.eskimo.com (Dr. Dan)
Date: 07 Feb 95 20:29:49 -0800
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: drug tests 2/4
Message-ID: <03e_9502072146@helix.eskinews.eskimo.com>
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>>> Continued from previous message
Effects attractive to abuser: Euphoria, sedation.
Adverse effects: Drowsiness, apathy, confusion, nausea, vomiting,
suppression of breathing reflexes, constricted pupils, physical addiction,
coma, death.
How abused: Pills taken orally; solution injected intravenously or
subcutaneously; occasionally snorted into the nose in granular form.
Typical urine detection cutoff level: 300 ng/mL
Period detectable after last dose: heroin, 1-4 days; meperidine, 4-24
hours; morphine, 84 hour minimum
Notes: This family of drugs undergoes extensive chemical changes due to
the normal detoxification processes of the body. Therefore, the drug
detected in the urine screen may not be the same as that originally taken
by the subject. For instance, both heroin and codeine are converted to
morphine before excretion in the urine.
Substances causing false positive results: none reported; however, foods
containing poppy seeds (the natural source of traditional opiate drugs)
will produce true positive results when screening the urine of an otherwise
innocent subject.
BENZODIAZEPINES
Examples: Diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), flurazepam
(Dalmane), oxazepam (Serax), lorazepam (Ativan), clonazepam (Clonopin).
Medical uses: Treatment of anxiety disorders, convulsions, and muscle
spasms.
Effects attractive to abuser: Euphoria, sedation, relief of anxiety,
induction of sleep.
Adverse effects: Drowsiness, apathy, fatigue, decreased activity level,
dizziness, fainting, impaired ability to concentrate on tasks,
disturbance of vision and hearing, physical addiction.
How abused: Pills taken orally.
Typical urine detection cutoff level: 300 ng/mL
Period detectable after last dose: around 2-4 days, but depending
greatly on dose. For instance, a single 10 mg PO dose of diazepam may not
ever be detected, but a 5 times daily dose of 10 mg will be detectable for
3-7 days.
Substances causing false positive results: none reported.
CANNABINOIDS
Examples: Marijuana, hashish, hash oil
Medical uses: Treatment of nausea and vomiting due to cancer chemotherapy.
Effects attractive to abuser: Euphoria, intensified sensual and
aesthetic perceptions.
Adverse effects: Paranoia, panic, impairment of memory and ability to
perform tasks, distorted perception of time, physical and psychological
dependence.
How abused: Smoked in cigarettes or pipe; occasionally eaten as
ingredient baked into confections.
Typical urine detection cutoff level: 100 ng/mL or 20 ng/mL (optional)
Period detectable after last dose: This is highly variable. A one joint
per week user has detectable levels of cannabinoids form 7 to 34 days,
while a heavy daily user may be detected from 6 to 81 days after last use.
Substances causing false positive results: none reported. A screen
detection cutoff level of 20 ng/mL, requested by some laboratory clients,
may produce false positives due to passive inhalation of marijuana smoke,
but this is controversial.
At the cutoff level of 100 ng/mL, persons exposed passively to the smoke
of others by virtue of being in the same room with abusers should be
negative on urine drug screen, although more sensitive chemical techniques
(such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, which has a sensitivity of
10 ng/mL) may demonstrate the drug in such an individual's urine.
COCAINE
Examples: Cocaine hydrochloride is the typical form used by abusers who
ingest the drug by snorting the granular form into the nose; it can also be
dissolved in water and injected intravenously. Cocaine base is available in
a waxy cake form ("rock" or "crack") which is vaporized with a torch and
the vapors inhaled through a tube.
Medical uses: Used almost exclusively by ear, nose and throat doctors to
produce local anesthesia and control blood loss during minor nasal
surgery.
Effects attractive to abuser: Euphoria, increased ability to
concentrate, increased alertness, heightened ability to perform
intellectual and physical tasks, sexual stimulation, heightened
sociability, enhanced self-confidence.
Adverse effects: Restlessness, nervousness, tremor, convulsions,
disturbances in heart rhythm, psychological dependence, myocardial
infarction, sudden death.
How abused: Snorted, injected, or smoked (see above).
Typical urine detection cutoff level: 300 ng/mL
Period detectable after last dose: 8-48 hours
Note: The laboratory detection of cocaine is performed by analyzing the
urine for the presence of benzoylecgonine, a substance produced by the
body's chemical detoxification of cocaine. Continuous conversion of cocaine
to the metabolite occurs in voided, standing urine specimens (even with
fluoridation and refrigeration) unless the specimen is kept at acid pH
(<5). This may give the appearance of a negative specimen "turning
positive" during storage, if the initial level of the metabolite was too
low to trigger the screen in the fresh specimen. In truth, the specimen was
positive all along, of course.
Substances causing false positive results: none reported; however, some
legal South American herbal teas may contain small amounts of coca leaf
extract, which may trigger a positive test in an "innocent" subject. Please
note that cocoa, cacao, and Coca Cola are all completely unrelated to coca,
which is the source of cocaine.
METHAQUALONE
Examples: Quaalude, Sopor
Medical uses: Once used as a sleeping pill/sedative, now methaqualone is
virtually never used for medical purposes.
Effects attractive to abuser: Same as that for barbiturates (see above)
Adverse effects: Same as that for barbiturates (see above)
How abused: Pills taken orally.
Typical urine detection cutoff level: 300 ng/mL
Period detectable after last dose: up to 90 hours, depending on dose
>>> Continued to next message
* OLX 2.1 TD * ..What we got here is an ability to communicate..
___ Olms 1.60 [PSTB94B4]
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Msg#: 464 Date: 02-07-95 20:29
From: Dr_.dan@helix.eskimo.com Read: Yes Replied: No
To: All Mark:
Subj: drug tests 3/4
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Path:
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net!eskimo!helix!Dr_.Dan
From: Dr_.Dan@helix.eskimo.com (Dr. Dan)
Date: 07 Feb 95 20:29:50 -0800
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: drug tests 3/4
Message-ID: <03f_9502072146@helix.eskinews.eskimo.com>
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>>> Continued from previous message
Substances causing false positive results: none reported.
PHENCYCLIDINE
Examples: PCP, "angel dust"
Medical uses: Veterinary tranquilizer; not used in human medicine.
Effects attractive to abuser: Hallucinogenic effects
Adverse effects: Lethargy, loss of co/rdination; unpredictable
psychosis, sometimes with criminally violent behavior; death.
How abused: Taken orally, smoked in cigarette (often mixed with
marijuana), injected intravenously as a solution, snorted into the nose in
granular form.
Typical urine detection cutoff level: 75 ng/mL
Period detectable after last dose: 5-10 days
Substances causing false positive results: Thioridazine (Mellaril), an
antipsychotic drug, has been reported to cause false positive results,
as has the insecticide parathion.
PROPOXYPHENE
Examples: Darvon, Dolene, Doxaphene, Profene 65
Medical uses: Relief of mild to moderate pain.
Effects attractive to abuser: Same as that for opiates (see above)
Adverse effects: Same as that for opiates (see above).
How abused: Pills taken orally; occasionally injected as solution made
by dissolving pills in water.
Period detectable after last dose: 1-3 days
Note: Propoxyphene is technically an opiate and is chemically closely
related to methadone. As a pain-relieving drug, it is two-thirds as potent
as codeine. Although considered something of a minor leaguer in the opiate
world, it is nevertheless a cause of many drug-related deaths (including
that of former football star John Matuszak) especially if used in
combination with alcohol and other drugs.
Substances causing false positive results: Methadone (see above) at
high, toxic concentrations may cause false positive results. Confirmation
testing will eliminate interference by this drug.
ALCOHOL (ETHANOL)
Examples: Beer, wine, distilled spirits
Medical uses: Rarely, if ever, used for medical purposes.
Effects attractive to abuser: Release of social inhibitions, euphoria,
sedation
Adverse effects: Same as that for barbiturates (see above). Also, use by
pregnant women, even in small ("social") amounts may have adverse effect
on the fetus.
How abused: Drunk in beverage
Period detectable after last dose: 8-10 hours
Note: Alcohol is the only drug of abuse (other than tobacco) that is
legal for all adults to use. Illegal use (as in driving while intoxicated)
is defined by the presence of a blood alcohol level of greater than 100
mg/dL (0.10% by volume) in Texas (lower in some other states). It is
impossible to determine if a subject is legally intoxicated by measurement
of the urine alcohol level.
A blood specimen must be collected for this determination to be made by
a clinical laboratory.
LIMITATIONS OF DRUG SCREENS
From a practical viewpoint it is impossible to determine in every case
that a given individual is impaired in the workplace due to drug abuse.
Just as in the case of alcohol, the use of drugs spans a wide spectrum of
behavior, from the occasional recreational user who assiduously avoids
coming to work under the influence, to the hard-core addict whose only
motivation is the acquisition of his or her next dose. Generally the
clinical laboratory is not able to distinguish these two types of
individuals. Such a distinction comes about only by careful evaluation by
professionals specially trained in the psychology and physiology of drug
abuse. The laboratory should be used only as a helpful tool for such
professionals.
Urine drug screens panels are set up to analyze urine for a variety of
drugs that are known to have high abuse potential and affect task
performance.
To rule out the presence of all drugs that may impair a worker's
performance is not generally allowable within the bounds of cost
containment. Certain drugs which are not usually picked up on routine drug
screens are noted below. If intoxication by any of the drugs listed below
is suspected, it is recommended that the client contact the B&A
pathologist, who will be glad to help determine a strategy as to how the
case should be most efficiently handled.
Methylphenidate (Ritalin), phentermine (Fastin, Parmine), phenmetrazine
(Preludin), phendimetrazine (Plegine), diethylpropion (Tenuate),
mazindol (Mazanor, Sanorex), benzphetamine (Didrex) and fenfluramine
(Pondimin) all have amphetamine-like effects and abuse potential. Some of
them, such as phentermine, benzphetamine, fenfluramine and diethylpropion,
may not be picked up on routine screens.
Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA, "Ecstasy") is has been popular in
Houston high schools. Although it is technically an amphetamine, it
requires a special analysis to be identified.
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is also chemically related to the
amphetamines, but it is much better known for its profound
hallucinogenic effects. Special analysis is available.
Meperidine (Demerol) and pentazocine (Talwin) have physiological effects
and abuse potential essentially identical to those of opiates. However,
since they are chemically dissimilar to morphine, they may not show up as
"opiates" on a routine screen. Special analysis is available.
Barbiturates which are not easily detected on drug screens include
amobarbital (Amytal), pentobarbital (Nembutal), and butethal. The detection
systems used to pick up barbiturates are optimized for secobarbital
(Seconal), which is probably the most important barbiturate in abusing
populations.
Flurazepam (Dalmane), a benzodiazepine used as a sleeping pill, is not
ordinarily picked up on benzodiazepine screens.
Glutethimide (Doriden), ethchlorvynol (Placidyl), meprobamate (Miltown,
Equanil), methyprylon (Noludar), and ethinamate (Valmid) are sedative
drugs that can produce dependence and impaired function. Although they may
have some effects similar to those of the barbiturates, they are chemically
unrelated and must be detected with special procedures.
Hydrocarbon solvents. These are inhaled by glue sniffers to produce a
euphoric effect. Although this seems to be less of a problem socially now
than in previous years, special analysis of hydrocarbons and chlorinated
hydrocarbons is available.
>>> Continued to next message
* OLX 2.1 TD * ..What we got here is an ability to communicate..
___ Olms 1.60 [PSTB94B4]
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Msg#: 465 Date: 02-07-95 20:29
From: Dr_.dan@helix.eskimo.com Read: Yes Replied: No
To: All Mark:
Subj: drug tests 4/4
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skimo!helix!Dr_.Dan
From: Dr_.Dan@helix.eskimo.com (Dr. Dan)
Date: 07 Feb 95 20:29:51 -0800
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: drug tests 4/4
Message-ID: <040_9502072146@helix.eskinews.eskimo.com>
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>>> Continued from previous message
Ketamine (Ketalar), chemically related to phencyclidine (PCP), is used
as a general anesthetic but has been abused, often by health care workers.
It must be injected for effect. Analysis is available only through
specialized laboratories, and turnaround time is typically long.
Designer opiates. These, like meperidine, are synthetic analogues of
natural opiates. Accordingly, their chemical structure may be so alien to
that of natural opiates that they go completely undetected. These are
medically very significant drugs. For instance, 3-methylfentanyl ("China
white") is 3000 times as potent as morphine and has been responsible for
over 100 overdose deaths in California. Another, 1-methyl-4-
phenylpropionoxypiperidine (MPPP), may be contaminated with an unintended
byproduct (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine, or MPTP) which
destroys the substantia nigra of the brain and produces permanent
parkinsonism.
Adulteration of urine samples with such substances as lemon juice,
vinegar, chlorine bleach, and NaCl has been used to successfully interfere
with detection of cannabinoids. Also, marked overhydration of the subject
(by quaffing large volumes of water) may so dilute the urine that the
concentration of the telltale metabolite falls below the detection
threshold of the screen.
A WORD ON TEST RELIABILITY
Published data indicate that a system of drug screening similar to that
used by most laboratories has a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of
99%. This excellent specificity parameter means that of 100 persons who do
not use drugs, 99 would be expected to test negative by confirmation. This
is certainly an excellent specificity for any medical determination.
However, one should also be aware of another parameter, the predictive
value of a positive test. As applied to drug testing, this figure expresses
the probability that a subject that has tested positively has in fact used
the drug. Although a high specificity, such as 99%, optimizes the
predictive value, a more significant factor is the prevalence of drug use
in the population being tested. The more prevalent the usage of drugs in a
subject population, the greater the reliability of drug testing procedure.
Given the sensitivity and specificity values quoted above, the following
table indicates the predictive value for several levels of drug abuse
prevalence.
Percentage of tested population | Probability that a given
using drugs (the prevalence of | subject that tests positive
drug abuse) | has really taken the drug
| (the predictive value of a
| positive test)
______________________________________________________________________
0.1% | 7.1%
1.0% | 43.4%
10.0% | 89.4%
20.0% | 95.0%
50.0% | 98.7%
Therefore, in a population with a high incidence of drug use (200 per
thousand), the false positive rate on drug screens is only 5%, while in
a low-incidence population (1 per thousand) the false positive rate on
randomly screened individuals (i.e., those of whom there is no particular
suspicion of drug use) is expected to be a whopping 93%! For this reason,
it is my recommendation that drug screens not be applied on a random,
not-for-cause basis, except in situations where the prevalence of drug use
is known to be high (such as in substance abuse treatment programs).
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTIONS: This monograph may be freely duplicated and
reformatted, as long as the informational content is not altered. It may
be freely distributed, if 1) the author is given credit, and 2) it is not
used as an aid for marketing or maintaining commercial laboratory accounts
without prior express written permission of the author
Copyright (C) 1989, 1993, Edward O. Uthman
CH OH
| 3 |
|____ |____
/ \ /----\
/ \___/ \__ C H
\\ // \\ // 5 11
\\ // \\ //
----\ /----
\___O
/\ :%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%:
/ \ : CYBERSOOFIES OF PUGET SOUND :
CH CH :%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%:
3 3
* OLX 2.1 TD * ..What we got here is an ability to communicate..
___ Olms 1.60 [PSTB94B4]

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From: cooper@hacktic.nl (cooper)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Dutch analysis of Ecstasy(Re: FWD : Analysis of current `extasy')
Date: 3 Feb 1994 12:17:22 +0100
Message-ID: <2iqmggINNnam@xs4all.hacktic.nl>
[Excellent analysis of Australian sample of MDEA deleted]
In a recent visit to the Dutch Drugsadviesbureau (Drugs-advice-bureau) I
was allowed to look into their unpublished samples analysis lists. It was
for me at least an eye-opener. Several hundreds of street samples were listed
with exact contents, along with shape, size and other markers by which to
identify the samples. Basically, there were 4 categories:
1) It was what it was sold as.
2) There were impurities
3) It was a ripp-off
4) It was pure stuff, but of a different kind that it was sold as.
Most samples (>75%) fell into categories 1 & 4. That includes MDMA being
sold as MDEA, or vice versa, or MDA being sold as MDMA, or just MDMA being
sold as MDMA. Category 2 only listed impurities being caffeine and a single
case of MDA being mixed in with MDMA. (MDA being the impurity).
The ripp-offs in category 3 where about 50/50 distributed between pure filler
and caffeine (up to 250 whopping mg.) So their conclusion was that allthough
you shouldn't risk being sold caffeine as MDMA, the quality is generally OK,
if you don't mind a little caffeine (40 mg. or so ) added to your MD[ME]A.
Dosages didn't vary that much lowest I saw was 75 mg. MDMA, highest 165.
MDEA lowest 110, highest 150. So that's for the Dutch market. Anyone got
info for other countries?
--Cooper

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here's the scenario....we were at the zoo and tripping like
mother fuckers. we went to see the gophers because we like
small furry creatures, and have you ever seen "12 monkeys"?
because our lives were being ruled by these large fuzzy
animals. fuzzy ducks is all we could think about. duzzy fuck?
she's out like a peanut. a salty peanut. nope. don't smoke
dope. you got a joint? nope. it be a lot cooler if you did. the
screen saver rocked our world. can i tell you that the biggest
houses in the world exist on big bend. especially when your
tripping balls. gotta go get some midnight munchies. later
days.
p.s. i'm sober. this i swear.

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: wmoreno@ringer.cs.utsa.edu (William Moreno)
Subject: Re: Strange Plant Death
Message-ID: <1993May3.190756.1181@ringer.cs.utsa.edu>
Date: Mon, 3 May 1993 19:07:56 GMT
In article <C6GrBt.LID@acsu.buffalo.edu> v129qpm9@ubvmsd.cc.buffalo.edu (Joseph M Kusumoto) writes:
>
>Here is the set and setting:
>
>I have an eight inch plant that was growing like a weed until a few days ago.
>It was started in regular soil from my yard in a two-cup tupperware bowl and
>the entire thing was transplanted a week ago into an 8in potter filled with
>potting soil mixed with perlite. I am using a 150 watt grow bulb about two feet
>from the top of the plant on an 18 hour cycle. It is in a ventilated, 72 degree
>room and is watered daily. Also, when I made the transplant, I sprinkled some
>scotts herb and flower fertilizer (18-11-12) around on top of the soil.
>
>Question: Why is it dying?? Any help would be appreciated. It appears to have
>about 2 days left.
>
>
There are a few things that may be wrong:
1) If the leaves are turning brown or wilting you may be over fertilizing it.
Solution: Flush the soil of the fertilizer salts with clean water.
2) You may be over watering. The plant's roots need oxygen.
Solution: Don't water as often. It's O.K. for the soil to dry out a little,
just don't let it get to dry.
3) It may not be dying. It may be in shock from the transplanting.
Solution: None that I know. All you can do is wait.
4) The change in the light spectum from natural sun to artifical light can
damage a plant (not getting the spectrum it needs or the spectrum it is
used to).
Solution: Get a different light, or put it back outside.
5) The soil may have a nutrient difficiency other than what is in the
fertilizer you are using. (You will have to describe what the plant
looks like for a diagnosis.)
6) If the light is on 18 hrs, you want to use a vegetive fertilizer instead
of a flower ferilizer. Or, turn down the light cycle to 12/12 (light/dark)
to force flowering (if this is what you want). I do not think this would
kill it, but I could be wrong.
I hope this helps.
Will M.
wmoreno@ringer.cs.utsa.edu
Disclaimer: blah blah blah yak yak yak....
=========================================================================
| 'Tis an ill wind | He who makes a beast of himself gets rid of |
| that blows no minds. | the pain of being a man. |
| --Syadasti | --Dr. Johnson |
=========================================================================

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July 12 1987 was a beautifully bright and sunny day. MTV had
called 87 the new summer of love. To coincide with this claim
Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead were touring together across
the USA.Outside the show I ingested three cubes of some
powerful LSD. Being an experienced LSD user I was not worried.
Boy did I get my monies worth. By the time I reached my seat at
the rear of the stage in the upper nose bleeds of Giants
stadium I was having massive visual effects.Peoples faces and
bodies were distorting into whatever strange form my mind was
coming up with.About this time the Dead came out and started
jaming.The combination of the music and the Lsd really set my
mind adrift into the cosmos.I mean my mind split into thousands
of multicolored fragments and the universe seemed to rip
open.At the same time a great feeling of unity overcame me with
my fellow concert goers.It was always at this point that i
refer to strapping into my seat for fear of drifting off to
far. That was the point when the music actually became
something visual,patterns forming out the air swirling and
moving almost as if in a tunnel. Finally peaked just as the
concert peaked with Dylan singing Knocking on Heavens Door..I
sincerly felt that God was going to answer.Afterwords I was
speachless , feeling as if Id experienced some kind of
religious conversion. Our government needs to stop oppressing
us with theyre uninitiated laws and customs. LSD will set
anyone free if only for a little while LET US BE!!!!!!

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From: caedmon@cats.ucsc.edu (Jeffq)
Date: 19 Feb 1993 22:15:12 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Eating/cooking MJ
kap002@acad.drake.edu writes:
>Hi. I've been reading articles and the like on this newsgroup for quite
>some time. Most of the previous questions I have had have been answered.
>However, I thought of one which has not: When cooking MJ (ie. brownies) does
>the smell of the MJ permeate throughout the kitchen area? I'm asking because
>it's something that I've always wanted to bake, but I like in the dorms and
>the only kitchen area is right in the lobby. Course I'm not looking to get
>busted. Thanks in advance.
YES IT DOES!!!
It's about as easy to conceal as baking-chocolate-chip-cookie-fumes on
a cold morning.
-jq
--
,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,
,;';, caedmon@ucscb.ucsc.edu Jeff Ishaq .,;';,
,;';, I am a meatball: Bite me. Guitar withdrawal! .,;';,
,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,.,;';,
From: albion@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Craig T Manske)
Date: 21 Feb 1993 07:46:11 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Eating/cooking MJ
From article <1993Feb19.125645.1@acad.drake.edu>, by kap002@acad.drake.edu:
> Hi. I've been reading articles and the like on this newsgroup for quite
> some time. Most of the previous questions I have had have been answered.
> However, I thought of one which has not: When cooking MJ (ie. brownies) does
> the smell of the MJ permeate throughout the kitchen area? I'm asking because
> it's something that I've always wanted to bake, but I like in the dorms and
> the only kitchen area is right in the lobby. Course I'm not looking to get
> busted. Thanks in advance.
It didn't for me. I took an 1/8oz of smoke, chopped it all very fine
until it was all sift, and added it to some Microwave (Not MicroRave, some
other brand) browines and cooked it in the micro for 8 minutes... All I could
smell was chocolate! From there, I went to the Lallapalooza concert in
Milwaukee, and had one in the car 15 minutes from the gate (All this doing a
poilce road check for intoxicants :) )... Anyways, it hit me 20-30 minutes
later, and kept getting stronger and stronger for the next hour. The next
5 hours were great... Seems much more mellow than smoking a number of bowls,
although it was a very strange feeling to not smoke something and just get more
and more stoned. The best part of eating pot brownies is getting a very small
smidgen stuck of a bud stuck between your teeth mixed with chocolate!!!!
Rodney
From: ab158@Freenet.carleton.ca (David Johnston)
Date: Sun, 21 Feb 1993 23:12:31 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Eating/cooking MJ
In a previous article, treefreeeco@igc.apc.org (Paul Stanford) says:
>
>No, when cooking MJ brownies, the smell of baking brownies permeates the
>kitchen area. Cook the ganja in butter first, then mix it into the brownies.
>Enjoy in the privacy of your own home.
>
>
I have no doubt this has been stated before, but I might as well
add it to this string as well.
If you fry the dope in butter or oil before cooking with it, you
will alter the kind of high you get. Without frying, you'll be stoned out
of your mind, immobile on the couch for the duration. With frying, you
are stoned out of your mind, running around laughing like an idiot. I
much prefer the latter.
I've been told that this is because the frying dissolves the THC
out of the dope and into the butter, which allows it to enter the
bloodstream faster. Come to think of it, this would seem to suggest that
the effects would be reversed. Any confirmation/denial, anyone?
Dave
P.S. My favorite recipe: Open an oreo cookie, and scoop out a small
depression in the icing (yes, I *know* what's in that icing. I try not to
think of it.)
Take a quarter gram of hash, heat it, and crumble it up. Then
heat a bit of butter, about the same amount as the hash you broke up, in a
spoon over a stove element, candle or lighter. When it's melted, add the
hash and stir it up with a toothpick, or something. It will melt.
At this point, if someone comes in, you look like your about to
shoot up. Throws a real scare into Mom! :-(
Pour the mixture into the depression in the oreo, and put the
cover back on. Refrigerate for 20 minutes or so, and chow down.
1 cookie will do the trick!
Enjoy!
--
Dave
From: an8533@anon.penet.fi
Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1993 14:57:19 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Eating/cooking MJ
I haven't seen this variation of cooking with MJ on the list,
but it is from a recipe in "A Childs Garden of Grass" that
my friend Ernie used to have back in school.
Anyways, some FOAF's used to do this to extract the last useability from
sticks, stems and whatever "rubble" is lying around. Of course, you
can do this with any other shake or bud if you so desire.
Bring 1-2 quarts of water to a boil.
Add 2 sticks of butter.
Add sticks, shake, stems, whatever...thow it all in!
Cover and let boil for 15 minutes.
Pour through a strainer into a bowl.
Put the bowl into the fridge over night.
In the morning, most of the THC laden butter
will have formed a hard layer on the top of the water.
Carefully skim this off and save.
Use this butter in any recipe you desire; my friend
Ernie used to put it on toast!
A lot of work I know, but this method seems to
enjoy several advantages over frying:
1) no danger of overcooking or burning because the
water temp won't be much higher than 100C/212F
2) better extraction of THC because you can cook
it longer without burning; Ernie said you could
even catch a reasonable high from just sticks and
stems.
3) You can use the butter in any recipe; Ernie was
also a big pesto fan.
Ernie told me that there was a better version using
alcohol instead of water but that you can't do
it with a gas stove, so he didn't really remember.
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From: df@sdf.lonestar.org (daniel finster)
Date: Mon, 15 Feb 1993 19:38:38 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Eating MJ
> anyone else want to share their experiences eating?
Me and a friend, the other week, decided to take the last of our weed
and instead of smoking it, cook it. We fried it for about 10 minutes
in butter, then got out a can of Chili-Mac and dumped it in there, and
added some Velveeta (tm) (couldn't find brownie mix.. didn't want to go
spend money). The Chili-Mac tasted like shit, so we won't be doing that
again... Anyways, There was a show that night at a local music club,
a few bands that we wanted to see (I think it was Brutal Juice, Caulk
and someone else, all local Dallas/Denton bands (If you ever get a chance,
pick up a Brutal Juice tape, they are REALYL good, sortof a hardcore
punk/grunge, with dual strobe lights..)) and I had heard several times
on alt.drugs that when you eat weed, it takes about 3 or 4 hours to
take affect. So by that calculation, we decided to eat it around 3 in
the afternoon, to be nice and stoned at the show. Bad idea--The pot
started taking effect in about 30-45 minutes, and rose
slowly and steadily.. We watched some anime (japanese animation) for a
while, then decided to turn off the sound and put music on (because
the soundtrack on the anime sucked).. That was really cool, of course,
so we played with the TV more, and got out this cheesy porn video
we had bought a while back that basically sucked; on pot it was pretty
cool; though and got us real horny, so we talked about it for a minute
and decided that I'd go outside and wait while he jacked off, then
he'd go outside and wait while I did same. That was cool, also.
Then we decided to put on some noise music (from Japan) and turn on
static on the TV. If you get a chance, pick up _Shinsen Na Clitoris_
by Masonna and listen to it while watching static on the TV while
stoned, it's like a lightening bolt through your spine. Similar
effects can be gotten from _Emanation Machine R. Gie 1916_ by SPK
(off of _Information Overload Unit_). Anyways, so we sat around
listening to noise and stuff for a while.. and talked about how we
were feeling, and stuff.. around 8 or 9 we started to get REAL tired,
which sucked because we wanted to see the music show real bad.. we
ended up going to sleep and missing it entirely. When I woke
up the next morning, I could _STILL_ feel it a little bit, like 16
hours after I had ingested it! Overall, I like eating it better
than smoking it, for the most part.. I like being high for the longer
period of time, een when it isn't as intense as it'd otherwise be.
One interesting thing which maybe someone else on here could tell me
if they experienced this also, several times I felt myself going down
a little bit, then a little later getting even higher than before.
I have never noticed this kind of effect while smoking, it's always
a go-up-till-you-peak,then-coast-down-slowly .. never a rollercoaster
like this. I found it very interesting. Next time I'll get real
brownie mix though.
--
daniel finster df@sdf.lonestar.org ...!seas.smu.edu!letni!sdf!df
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <184302Z24011994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an66009@anon.penet.fi
Date: Mon, 24 Jan 1994 18:33:43 UTC
Subject: New way of eating MJ
A FOAF told me about this:
Eating really is the best way to injest, but how many people want to whip
up a batch of brownies every time? It just takes too much time. This
recipe, for "Firecrackers", is really easy, and really fast:
Spread peanut butter thickly on a cracker. Top with perfectly cleaned MJ
(no twigs or seeds, and break up any buds) - about enough for a joint.
Spread peanut butter on another cracker, and put on top of the MJ, peanut
butter side down, so the layers are cracker, PB, MJ, PB, cracker.
Put on some foil, and bake at 300 for 20 minutes. Let cool and eat.
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From: gavin@cybernet.cse.fau.edu (dan moss)
Date: 19 Feb 93 14:04:29 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Eating 'Shrooms
itzenhui@cs.uwp.edu (Steve Itzenhuiser) writes:
>
> Just wondering. Does putting mushrooms on top of a pizza lessen the
> effect at all, or should we have no problems?
>
> Thanx in advance,
>
> Steve
Steve, I was wondering that question myself a couple of years ago.
So, I went out west and picked some (there is some abundance in South
Florida). Then, when I went to work that evening (I was amanager at the
local Pizza Hut), I baked an extra cheese, double mushroom (1/2 and 1/2),
and onion pizza (pan crust). Not only did it taste great, but I found the
buttons on the cash register changing places.
So, I did the only thing any person would---close up shop early.
Yes, Steve, you should have no problem. It definitely beats the bitten
routine of making tea and eating sludge.
peace, dan
From: ab158@Freenet.carleton.ca (David Johnston)
Date: Sat, 20 Feb 1993 07:16:43 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Eating 'Shrooms
In a previous article, itzenhui@cs.uwp.edu (Steve Itzenhuiser) says:
>
>Just wondering. Does putting mushrooms on top of a pizza lessen the
>effect at all, or should we have no problems?
>
>Thanx in advance,
>
>Steve
>
This sort of reminds me of my first Dead show. A friend of mune
from Toronto put 1/2 oz of 'shrooms into a taboule (sp?) salad a day
before crossing the border to Buffalo. By the time we got to the border,
the 'shrooms had swelled up and just looked like... well, mushrooms.
So we all pigged out on the floor in Rich stadium before the show.
They worked just fine!
I think the only factor to consider is the full stomach/empty
stomach thing that's a factor in any drug eating. If you eat six pieces
of pizza, with a certain ammount of drug, you'll take longer to get off
than the same ammount of drug on 1 piece.
Hmmm. Suddenly, I'm come over all peckish. I think I'll wander
out to the kitchen and get a snack...
--
Dave

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OK this story is about one of the most intense funnest happiest
trip I have had yet. It involves eight people of the name Dylan(me)(17),
Chris(16), Luke(16), Nick(16), Michelle(19), Chasity(16), Brook(16), and
Amy(16). It was a very slow night I was in my home town chilling out
smoking a big fat joint over at my X-girlfriends house getting baked like
any other night. Well we good old Chris wich has pulled alot of cool
things off in this town has a trusty friend in another town call him
with a offer for a new Vitamin-A in town. This acid went for 7$ a hit.
I thought first no fucking way I have had damn good trip for 3$ a hit
before. Well anyway I thought that I would do it since I had a pocket
full of cash and if it wasn't good then I would get some different kind
I had lined up the next day so I wouldn't be totaly depressed about
getting ripped off. So it get's there I look at it and am emidiately
mesmerised by the thickness and the size of this hit. It was called
Alice 'N Wonderland if you ever run across this particular acid or
one called Jesus Christ( GOOD LUCK! ) BUY BUY BUY AND BUY!!! So
among the eight people I am talking about 5 take theirs emidiately. We all split
up in two different cars and go off are own ways. I remember getting
in the car with Chris and Shannon was driving but she was sober, so she
was kinda like our keep us inline person. Well me and Chris haven't
dropped yet when we see the first cop drive by we imediately dropped
due to fear of getting busted. Well I remember Luke in the front seat
he was going on and on about how he wasn't feeling anything and he dropped
like 20 minutes ago when he said that. Well I was getting pissed off
really bad. I thought I got ripped off, not by anyone there or anything
I just felt like somebody had cheated me. I set there thinking that
for about 10 minutes in the back of a car. The next thing I new we
and the other car met up with Brook, Chasity, Tom(the sober driver in that
car),Nick, and Amy well we all got out and bamb I got happy as Luke got
happy I thought hmmmmm did I take a better dose or did luke confinse him
self it was bad. Well we decide to go to a party that was really lame, but
fun going to see the so called party, I remember getting out of the car
and running to the door yelling PARTY PARTY!!! Michelle the girl who
was suppost to have the party answered the door and said the party was
over it was like 12:00 a.m. or something must be a really lame party
I thought without saying good-bye I ran back to the car heading back
to my x-girlfriends house (Karina now Chris's girlfriend at the time)
we get there Karina's mom was in a bad mood everyone refferred to her
as Momma Chris well I would have gone crazy if there were like 16 people
in my house half of them half my age tripping their nuts off because momma
chris is usually the nicest women in the world until she gets mad wich
she did that night, so we split out of there and headed back to the car
were we lost Chris and it was the two cars off again on a wild goose chase
to no place. Well now are numbers are down to seven. I was in the back
seat of Shannon's car and was getting the peak of my life aafter about
two hours of tripping I started to loose my vision and everyone was phrea-
king out. I somehow reamianed pretty calm as so did Chasity and Brook.
Luke and Nick were alright at first but they sort of started getting
scared wich is unusuall for them to get scared wich made me kind of
scared, but then again nothing could measure to the time I did Jesus
Christ and that's what I told my self that night about a million times.
You see Acid is increadible in the way it distorts everything but
still makes it so clear, I think acid is just basically a circle mind fuck
where you keep thinking around and round in circles and you just
have to keep it posotive to get through it and have fun. Ok back to the
story we were all crusing having fun being in retard tripping stage at
this point, so finally we split up one more time and am not able to
find one another's car's so we go to Shannon's house and I light a cig-
erette like it's a candy stick, then walk inside her house with a big
talking parrot and a huge fluffy scary looking dog. This dog looks like
it's nose is in my eye when it was sniffing me. I kinda phreaked and
got up and had a huge nice rush like I just did a big fat line of
uncut peanut butter crank or something and walked very fastly out the
door when I sawl like four people just walking around the yard that
wasn't there I even almost went to go talk to somebody that I thought
i recognized before i caught my self and said hellooo!!!!!!!!!!! Well
i went back inside and tried to avoid the annoying dog, and concentrate
on the talking parrot wich was a very good decision well we got ahold
of the other car by pager wars finally they all show up at Shannon's
house when they get out of the car I immediately get like 4 or 5 different
hugs. Well it just so happens that shannon(the sober person)in our car
has a problem with her car wich means people are stuck at her house
so we come up with a solution cram 7 people in a little red convertable.
HMMMMMMMMMMMMMM let's think about this, well fuck it I'm tripping I
said and don't give a fuck. so my 6ft. 2" body crams in the back of this
car with Brook(A girl I am not attracted to in the sober world but am
in the tripping world somehow) on my lap and chasity squashed up over my
left leg. Well we drive around trying to find a place to go, and that
would be Aaron's house wich I used to hate but like now, and so We enter
the perfect place to trip and chill out talk, talk, talk, visualize, hal-
uncionize, and confinse boy I had to do alot of that that night. I mean
Luke felt like he was a dick to everyone that night I was like no youv'e
been cool your just tripping, and he was going on about how he had been
clowned so bad and everyone wasn't getting along with him, wich I totally
understand that has happend to me multiple times when I tripped so they
(Nick, and Luke) were saying how the trip was wired and it wasn't right
they were kinda scared well I was chilled out and told them the same
thing I told my self the hole night I had doubts, and that was I had
tripped like twice as hard once before and I was fine two days later
after that incedent and eversince, so they got in aa really good mood
and we all just talked and brook wich I guess I liked that night for
god knows why was talking to me and I was like in a trip hipnotic
thing were I liked her or something, well Chasity, Amy, and Brook all
go back to Amy place I think it was and end up calling us and we talked
to them all night on the phone it was the perfect thing to do when you
were tripping, and I had Luke and Nick trying to hook me up with Brook
over the phone (don't get me wrong brook is a nice person as a friend
but i think friends in the real world is all I can see in her) ok well
that went on for like two hours getting no where and so I said fuck it
quit asking her, and felt really really stupid but it was verry funny
at the same time, Well I remember smoking more cigerettes and laughing
and talking about everything and just having the funnest time I ever had
at 4:30 in the morning in an old enemies room. So it got to about six and
I was coming down unfortunately I was still tripping but all peak was
gone. Well I remember coming down relly good and going home the next
day and falling asleep and having the coolest dream ever about me going
to disney world. ?????????? I dunno but that was a hell of a night. Trip-
ping is something that can be very emotional and fun but only if you
treat it right and don't do it to much. I might do it every month or
two for a nice cool party night, but I have seen people that cant add
for a while because they were doing it on a everyday basis. This story
is true and there is alot more to it. Ohh yeah well Chris went home
and talked to Karina all night and did real good by himself be occupied
on the phone for his trip and Michelle was tripping and left the scene
at the beginning wich made her really not part of the story except that
she tripped. I hope you like this lame Biography story.

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Well it was my first time frying and I was very excited. I was at my friends
watching tv.it seemed as if the trip startted off as it ended. I was sitting on the
couch watching tv when it ended and and I was there when it started. But
I had the most excitement inbetween. After the ACID kicked in we decided to go to
KS bedroom and trip on the strob light for a bit. It turned out that we sat
under that light for 2 hours drawing meaningless pictures of people falling
down waterfalls and Kings smoking joints. But after that we went out back
for a few smokes. and I sat there blowing all my smoke on this one catus,
making it freeze over with my smoke. Since we were close to the coast, it got
ciold and decided to go back into the house. So there I was back in the house
I went to the restroom and got a little lost after I zipped it up. So there i stood at
one end of the hall scared to death, at the other stood the room to where I
had to go. and I could hear all the people in the house breathing, i thought
it was a dragon ready to eat me, SO I booked down that hall as fast as I could.
Finally in the saftey on his room we began to watch some TV (MASH is a trip!)_
but on every show I watched I saw the same person walk out on the stage and
say hello to me,and walk off
. I dont know why but that seemed to be the coolest.

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Myself and two others went round to a friends house last summer

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From: lamontg@u.washington.edu (Lamont Granquist)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,alt.psychoactives
Subject: Re: DEA cracks down on Ephedrine today
Date: 17 Apr 1994 08:10:50 GMT
Message-ID: <2oqqua$s04@news.u.washington.edu>
Mark_Farone@sfa.ufl.edu (Mark Farone) writes:
>And your taxes are due, too.
>
>I'm going repost this because it seems pretty bloody important.
>Since I asked for this post, I've found that it really is happening.
>April 15th---Wave goodbye!
>
>Thus you can still probably buy it until November, but it will be very hard
>to find after stores' stocks run out. After that, its on the watched
>chemical list for *any* purchased amount.
>
>What do you think about this?
Here is the text. I think buried somewhere down in here it states something
which might be interpreted as exempting OTC sales of Primatine Tabs and
such... its pretty vague, though. There's also an amazingly long list
of exemptions which was listed in the Federal Register. I don't know who
makes Primatine, so i didn't check to see if there was an exemption
listed for OTC products...
<PLAINTEXT>
This section is from the document '/ByQuarter/94Q1/94Q1/031794.27'.
<ARTICLE>
Date="03/17/94"
Citation="59 FR 12562"
Group=""
Type="PROPOSED RULE"
Department="DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE"
Agency="DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION (DEA), JUSTICE"
Subject="Elimination of Threshold for Ephedrine"
<HEADER>
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Drug Enforcement Administration
21 CFR Part 1310
Elimination of Threshold for Ephedrine
AGENCY: Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Justice.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
</HEADER>
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Drug Enforcement Administration
21 CFR Part 1310
Elimination of Threshold for Ephedrine
AGENCY: Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Justice.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
+
------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The DEA proposes to eliminate the threshold for ephedrine
under provisions of the Chemical Diversion and Trafficking Act
of 1988 (CDTA) in order to reduce the diversion of ephedrine
to clandestine laboratory operators. This would subject all
transactions involving bulk ephedrine and single entity ephedrine
drug products to the applicable provisions of the Controlled
Substances Act (CSA).
DATES: Written comments and objections must be received on or
before May 2, 1994.
ADDRESSES: Comments and objections should be submitted in quintuplicate
to the Administrator, Drug Enforcement Administration, Washington,
DC 20537, Attention: DEA Federal Register Representative/CCR.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Howard McClain, Jr., Chief, Drug and Chemical Evaluation Section,
Office of Diversion Control, Drug Enforcement Administration,
Washington, DC 20537 Telephone (202) 307-7183.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Ephedrine is the primary precursor
utilized in the clandestine synthesis of methamphetamine and
methcathinone, both potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulants
controlled under the CSA. The public health risks from the abuse
of these drugs are well known and documented.
Ephedrine is a listed chemical under the Chemical Diversion
and Trafficking Act of 1988 (CDTA) (Pub. L. 100-690). Under
provisions of the CDTA (21 U.S.C. 802(34)(c)), thresholds were
originally assigned to each listed chemical. The CDTA imposes
reporting and recordkeeping requirements for regulated transactions
which meet or exceed these threshold amounts of a listed chemical.
The Domestic Chemical Diversion Control Act (DCDCA) of 1993
(Pub. L. 103-200) was recently enacted and will become effective
on April 16, 1994. This Act amends the CSA to permit that no
threshold be established for a listed chemical via modification
of 21 U.S.C. 802(39)(A) by redefining the term ``regulated transaction''
as a ``distribution, receipt, sale, importation, or exportation,
or an international transaction involving shipment of a listed
chemical, or if the Attorney General establishes a threshold
amount for a specific listed chemical, a threshold amount, including
a cumulative threshold amount for multiple transactions'' of
a listed chemical. By not establishing a threshold for a listed
chemical, all regulated transactions regardless of size are
subject to CDTA reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
In addition, the DCDCA further modifies the definition of
a ``regulated transaction'' by removing the exemption of those
transactions involving products which are marketed or distributed
lawfully in the U.S. under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), if these products contain ephedrine
or its salts, optical isomers, or salts of optical isomers as
the only active medicinal ingredient or contain ephedrine in
combination with therapeutically insignificant quantities of
another active medicinal ingredient (21 U.S.C. 802(39)(A)(iv)).
The DCDCA also provides that the Attorney General shall by regulation
remove this exemption for drug products that the Attorney General
finds are being diverted in order to obtain a listed chemical
for use in the illicit production of a controlled substance.
The threshold for ephedrine was originally established as
1.0 kilogram for domestic and import/export transactions, after
internal study and industry consultation (54 FR 31657). The
threshold of 1.0 kilogram of ephedrine base is equivalent to
greater than 48,000 ephedrine 25 mg tablets or capsules.
Thresholds are continuously reviewed by DEA to determine
if they are satisfactory to prevent diversion without overburdening
industry. Current evidence indicates that the threshold for
ephedrine of 1.0 kilogram is not adequate to prevent the diversion
of ephedrine to clandestine laboratory operators. Clandestine
laboratory operators are obtaining and utilizing ephedrine in
quantities much less than the current 1.0 kilogram threshold
in the illicit production of methamphetamine and methcathinone.
The DEA has determined that in order to ensure the maximum effectiveness
of the CDTA in curtailing the diversion of ephedrine, there
should be no threshold for ephedrine. Subsequently, all regulated
transactions of ephedrine are subject to reporting and recordkeeping
requirements of the CDTA regardless of size.
While seizures of clandestine methamphetamine laboratories
have decreased significantly since the passage of the CDTA,
more than 1200 methamphetaime laboratories have been seized
in the United States since 1990. The majority of these laboratories
utilized ephedrine as the precursor. In 1992, greater than 68
percent of the methamphetamine laboratories seized utilized
ephedrine. A preliminary review of 1993 methamphetamine laboratory
seizure data indicates that ephedrine was the precursor utilized
in approximately 75 percent of these laboratories.
In addition to its use as the preferred precursor for the
production of methamphetamine, ephedrine is also utilized in
the synthesis of methcathinone. The clandestine manufacture
of methcathinone, a methamphetamine analogue known on the street
as ``Cat'', has been identified in the U.S. since 1991, when
five laboratories were seized. Methcathinone was temporarily
placed in Schedule I on May 1, 1992, pursuant to the emergency
scheduling provisions of the CSA (21 U.S.C. 811(h)). Effective
October 15, 1993, methcathinone was permanently controlled in
Schedule I (58 FR 53404).
Methcathinone (N-methylcathinone) is manufactured in clandestine
laboratories via the oxidation of ephedrine. Since June of 1991,
all clandestine methcathinone laboratories seized utilized ephedrine
as the precursor. These laboratories were located in Indiana,
Illinois, Michigan, Washington and Wisconsin. The number of
methcathinone laboratory seizures continues to grow from six
in 1992 to 21 laboratories in 1993.
Methcathinone is usually produced in small batches. Seizures
of illicit methcathinone laboratories indicate that batch sizes
routinely utilize less than 20 grams of ephedrine. The vast
majority of this ephedrine is obtained via the purchase of over-
the-counter (OTC) ephedrine 25 mg tablets sold in bottles of
1000 dosage units or less.
Batch sizes of methamphetamine produced at clandestine labs
can vary greatly. Recent information indicates that methamphetamine
is also produced in small batches via a procedure known as the
``cold process.'' This procedure has utilized quantities of
40 grams or less of ephedrine.
The smuggling of bulk ephedrine and the purchase of OTC ephedrine
tablets are the primary sources of ephedrine utilized at these
clandestine laboratories. Ephedrine tablets make up a significant
portion of the more than 10 metric tons of ephedrine reportedly
seized at clandestine laboratories between 1990 and 1992. This
material may be purchased from several different sources at
below threshold quantities. The purchase of regulated chemicals
from several suppliers in quantities below established thresholds
is a common method of diversion and continues to occur with
ephedrine.
A comparison of U.S. hospital/pharmacy purchase data with
the quantities of ephedrine seized at clandestine laboratories
indicates that the use of ephedrine for clandestine laboratories
is much greater than amounts purchased by these types of distribution
outlets.
Drug products containing ephedrine are used legitimately
to treat asthma and other conditions. They are available as
OTC products from pharmacies, hospitals and other distribution
outlets. Ephedrine products, which are lawfully marketed and
distributed under the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act and
contain other active medicinal ingredients in therapeutically
significant concentrations, are currently exempt from the reporting
and recordkeeping requirements imposed under the CDTA. Of the
oral OTC products available for medicinal treatment of chronic
asthma, these ephedrine combination products are the products
more frequently dispensed by pharmacies and hospitals. The elimination
of a threshold for ephedrine does not impose any additional
requirements on pharmacies, hospitals or points of distribution
which distribute only those ephedrine products which are exempted.
The Acting Administrator, Drug Enforcement Administration,
hereby certifies that this proposed rulemaking will have no
significant impact upon entities whose interests must be considered
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq. This
proposed rule only eliminates the existing threshold for which
ephedrine transactions must be reported and records maintained.
It only impacts firms involved with small bulk transfers of
ephedrine or distribution of single entity ephedrine tablets/capsules.
This proposed rule is not a significant regulatory action and
therefore need not be reviewed by the Office of Management and
Budget pursuant to Executive Order 12866.
This action has been analyzed in accordance with the principles
and criteria in E.O. 12612, and it has been determined that
the proposed rule does not have sufficient federalism implications
to warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.
List of Subjects in 21 CFR 1310
Drug Enforcement Administration, Drug traffic control, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements.
For reasons as set out above, 21 CFR part 1310 is proposed
to be amended as follows:
PART 1310-[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 1310 continues to read
as follows:
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 802, 830, 871(b).
2. Section 1310.04 is proposed to be amended by revising
the introductory text to paragraph (f); removing paragraph (f)(1)(iii);
redesignating paragraphs (f)(1)(iv) through (f)(1)(xxiv) as
(f)(1)(iii) through (f)(1)(xxiii) respectively; and adding a
new paragraph (g) to read as follows:
sec 1310.04 Maintenance of records.
* * * * *
(f) For those listed chemicals for which thresholds have
been established, the quantitative threshold or the cumulative
amount for multiple transactions within a calendar month, to
be utilized in determining whether a receipt, sale, importation
or exportation is a regulated transaction is as follows:
* * * * *
(g) For listed chemicals for which no thresholds have been
established, the size of the transaction is not a factor in
determining whether the transaction meets the definition of
a regulated transaction as set forth in sec 1310.01(f). All such
transactions, regardless of size, are subject to recordkeeping
and reporting requirements as set forth in part 1310.
(1) Listed Chemicals For Which No Thresholds Have Been Established:
(i) Ephedrine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of optical
isomers
(ii) [Reserved]
(2) [Reserved]
Dated: February 28, 1994.
Stephen H. Greene,
Acting Administrator of Drug Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 94-6234 Filed 3-16-94; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4410-09-M
------------------------------------------------------
The Contents entry for this article reads as follows:
Chemical Diversion and Trafficking Act of 1988; implementation:
Ephedrine; threshold elimination, 12562
</ARTICLE>
.

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from: _Drugs and Drug Abuse_, 2nd Ed., by: Cox, Jacobs, LeBlanc, Marshman,
and Fehr, 1987.
EPHEDRINE
Drug Class: CNS stimulant
Ephedrine is a naturally occuring central nervous system stimulant obtained
from the plant _Ephedra equisetina_. It is now also produced by chemical
synthesis, the synthetic product being marketed in the form of its salt,
ephedrine sulfate; it occurs as a white crystalline powder with a bitter
taste, soluble in water and very soluble in alcohol. Ephedrine is closely
related in structure to methamphetamine, although its CNS actions are much
less potent and also longer-acting than those of the amphetamines. Its
peripheral stimulant actions are similar to but less powerful than those of
epinephrine (also called adrenaline), a hormone produced in the body by the
adrenal glands.
Ephedrine has moderately potent bronchial muscle relaxant properties, and
therefore is used for symptomatic relief in milder cases of asthmatic
attack; it is also used to reduce the risk of acute attacks in the treatment
of chronic asthma. The typical adult dose range is 30-60 mg taken orally,
three to four times per day, in the form of tablets. Ephedrine in the form
of nose drops is also widely used to relieve nasal congestion associated
with upper respitory tract illnesses. It is also used to treat low blood
pressure, because it constricts blood vessels and stimulates certain actions
of the heart. Common side effects are qualitatively similar to those
produced by amphetamines and are generally milder. Higher doses (overdose)
can cause restlessness and anxiety, dizziness, insomnia, tremor, rapid
pulse, sweating, respiratory difficulties, confusion, hallucinations,
delerium, and (very infrequently) convulsions. The most dangerous symptoms
of overdose are abnormally high blood pressure and rapid, irregular
heartbeat. A dose of ephedrine only two to three times the theraputic
maximum can cause a significant increase in blood pressure. The elderly are
particularly sensitive to overdose, and there have been a few deaths among
such patients. Finally, a number of instances of psychosis, clinically
similar to amphetamine psychosis, have resulted from chronic high-dose
abuse; other effects of chronic abuse have not been adequately studied.
Tolerance develops to the main effects of ephedrine; however, temporary
abstinence restores sensitivity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interesting point to note is that the theraputic dose maximum of 60 mg is
about 2 25mg pills (the common OTC strength), while 'dangerous' amounts
would be 4 or more of the same pills. By the way, if you're going to use
ephedrine more than once or twice, use a mail-order. The OTC prices are
outrageous: 100 pils @ 25mg each should NOT cost more than about $10.
------------------------------------------------------
Ephedrine is an adrenergic drug that works by stimulating alpha
and beta receptors thus causing the release of norepinephrine.
Alpha and beta receptors exist in the sympathetic nervous system,
(fight or flight) and stimulation causes increased heart rate,
bronchodilation, and vasoconstriction.
Ephedrine is the oral form of Epinephrine, or adrenaline. It was
once a commonly prescribed drug for asthma, but newer drugs in the
xanthine class have less side effects.
Ephedrine is related to pseudoephedrine which was designed as a
decongestant with less undesirable effects.
Ephedra is a Chinese herb that's been used for centuries to treat
asthma.
Rather than purchasing it through mail order, you might want to
ask the local pharmicist for Ephedrine sulfate in the 100 capsule
bottles as it's much cheaper that way. Though more difficult to find,
ephedrine is kept as a 'behind-the-counter' drug. Legal to purchase
without a Rx, but not put out on display.
Ephedrine taken with caffeine is a more pleasant stimulant combination
however be aware of the warnings concerning adrenergic drugs, which you
can discuss with someone qualified and licensed to do so.
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: misc.fitness,alt.drugs
From: n9020351@henson.cc.wwu.edu (James Douglass Del-Vecchio)
Subject: Re: '30 BIGGEST LIES' -- The Third Ten [3/3]
Message-ID: <1994Jan19.194717.16838@henson.cc.wwu.edu>
Date: Wed, 19 Jan 1994 19:47:17 GMT
jmccorm@osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu (Justin McCormack) writes:
>On another note, it seems I've got a problem of my own. About 3/4 of a
>year ago, I started taking Epherdine. I've worked my way up from getting
>an awesome boost on 2 or 3, to having mild effects with 10 or 12. Yup,
>I've built up a tolerance.
>Are there any alternatives to bringing my tolerance down back to 2 or 3,
>aside from stop taking them alltogether? I've tried stacking it with
>caffine and asprin, and it doesn't seem to have any additional affect.
There is no other way. Tolerance is the enevitable result
of using it. To reduce the tolerance, you stop using it.

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: dgross@polyslo.csc.calpoly.edu (Dave Gross)
Subject: Excerpt: Ergot Peptide Alkaloid Spectra of Claviceps-Infected Tall Fescue, Wheat, and Barley.
Message-ID: <1994Apr27.010110.2700@rat.csc.calpoly.edu>
Date: Wed, 27 Apr 94 01:01:10 GMT
I thought some of you might be interested in this:
Table excerpted from "Ergot Peptide Alkaloid Spectra of Claviceps-Infected Tall
Fescue, Wheat, and Barley" by James K. Porter, Charles W. Bacon, Ronald D.
Plattner, and Richard F. Arrendale. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1987 (35) 359-361.
Relative Percent Ergopeptide Alkaloids in the Crude Alkaloid Fraction
(Determined by MS/MS)
alkaloid [Claviceps purpurea grown on] fescue barley wheat
------------------------------------------------ ------ ------ ------
ergotamine 35.80 48.96 9.59
ergosine and Beta-ergosine 26.96 3.77 1.97
ergonine 0.11 0.14 none
ergovaline 0.30 2.22 0.44
ergostine 0.85 0.39 0.74
ergoptine and Beta-ergotine 0.18 0.10 0.17
ergocornine 2.22 6.86 6.64
ergocristine 30.65 27.72 75.77
ergocryptine and Beta-ergocryptine 2.95 9.85 4.67
total (PDAB) 0.46 0.92 1.10
mg/g mg/g mg/g
--
***** INTERNET: dgross@polyslo.CalPoly.EDU **** finger for PGP public key *****
"Those who profess to favor freedom, and yet depreciate agitation, are men who
want rain without thunder and lightning. They want the ocean without the roar
of its many waters." -- Frederick Douglass

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Here in alt.drugs have been lot of talk about LSD synthesis lately.
I guess as an conclusion it can be said that the synthesis can be
carried out with good chemistry knowledge and laboratory. Then the
problem is where to get lysergic acid derivative for the synthesis.
The full synthesis of the lysergic acid is too difficult. Lysergic
acid amides can be extracted from the seeds of morning glory or
hawaiian baby wood rose, but it is not practical, because the huge
amount of seeds needed to get enough lysergic acid amides for
the LSD synthesis. To my opinion the only feasible possibility is
to cultivate ergot.
What I would like to know is how difficult it is to cultivate
Claviceps purpurea for example. Is it harder than growing psychedelic
mushrooms? Is the following procedure any good and how hard it is
to carry out? Any constructive comments?
Michael Valentine Smith: Psychedelic Chemistry
From pages 105-107:
The Culture and Extraction of Ergot Alkaloids
Make up a culture medium by combining the following ingredients in about
500 milliliters of distilled water in a 2 liter, small-neck flask:
Sucrose .......................................... 100 grams
Chick pea meal .................................... 50 grams
Calcium nitrate ..................................... 1 gram
Monopotassium phosphate ......................... 0.25 grams
Magnesium sulphate .............................. 0.25 grams
Potassium chloride ............................. 0.125 grams
Ferrous sulphate heptahydrate ................... 8.34 milligrams
Zinc sulphate heptahydrate ...................... 3.44 milligrams
Add water to make up one liter, adjust pH 4 with ammonia solution and
citric acid. Sterile by autoclaving.
Inoculate the sterilized medium with Claviceps purpurea under sterile
conditions, stopper with sterilized cotton and incubate for two weeks
periodically testing and maintaining pH 4. After two weeks a surface
culture will be seen on the medium. Large-scale production of the
fungus can now begin.
Obtain several ordinary 1 gallon jugs. Place a two-hole stopper in
the necks of the jugs. Fit a short (6 inch) glass tube in one hole,
leaving 2 inches above the stopper. Fit a short rubber tube to this.
Fill a small (500 milliliter) Erlenmeyer flask with a dilute solution
of sodium hypochlorite, and extend a glass tube from the rubber tube
so the end is immersed in the hypochlorite. Fit a long, glass tube in
the other stopper hole. It must reach near the bottom of the jug and
have about two inches showing above the stopper. Attach a rubber tube
to the glass tube as short or as long as desired, and fit a short glass
tube to the end of the rubber tube. Fill a large, glass tube (1 inch x
6 inches) with sterile cotton and fit 1-hole stoppers in the ends.
Fit the small, glass tube in end of the rubber tube into 1 stopper of
the large tube. Fit another small glass tube in the other stopper.
A rubber tube is connected to this and attached to a small air pump
obtained from a tropical fish supply store. You now have a set-up for
pumping air from the pump, through the cotton filter, down the long
glass tube in the jug, through the solution to the air space in the top
of the jug, through the short glass tube, down to the bottom of the
Erlenmeyer flask and up through the sodium hypochlorite solution into
the atmosphere. With this aeration equipment you can assure a supply
of clean air to the Claviceps purpurea fungus while maintaining a
sterile atmosphere inside the solution.
Dismantle the aerators. Place all the glass tubes, rubber tubes,
stoppers and cotton in a paper bag, seal tight with wire staples
and sterilize in an autoclave.
Fill the 1-gallon jugs 2/3 to 3/4 full with the culture medium and
autoclave.
While these things are being sterilized, homogenize in a blender the
culture already obtained and use it to inoculate the media in the
gallon jugs. The blender must be sterile. Everything must be sterile.
Assemble the aerators. Start the pumps. A slow bubbling in each jug
will provide enough oxygen to the cultures. A single pump can, of
course, be connected to several filters.
Let everything sit a room temperature (25 C) in a fairly dark place
(never expose ergot alkaloids to bright light - they decompose) for
a period of ten days.
After ten days adjust the culture to 1% ethanol using 95% ethanol
under sterile conditions. Maintain growth for another two weeks.
After total of 24 days growth period the culture should be considered
mature. Make the culture acidic with tartaric acid and homogenize in
a blender for one hour.
Adjust to pH 9 with ammonium hydroxide and extract with benzene or
chloroform/iso-butanol mixture.
Extract again with alcoholic tartaric acid and evaporate in a vacuum
to dryness. The dry material in the salt (i.e., the tartaric acid salt,
the tartrate) of the ergot alkaloids, and is stored in this form because
the free basic material is too unstable and decomposes readily in the
presence of light, heat, moisture and air.
To recover the free base for extraction of the amide of synthesis to
LSD, make the tartrate basic with ammonia to pH 9, extract with chloroform
and evaporate in vacuo.
If no source of pure Claviceps purpurea fungus can be found, it may be
necessary to make a field trip to obtain the ergot growths from rye or
other cereal grasses. Rye grass is by far the best choice. The ergot will
appear as a blackish growth on the tops of the rye where the seeds are
and are referred to as "heads of ergot." From these heads of ergot sprout
the Claviceps purpurea fungi. They have long steams with bulbous heads when
seen under a strong glass or microscope. It is these that must be removed
from the ergot, free from contamination, and used to inoculate the culture
media. The need for absolute sterility cannot be overstressed. Consult any
elementary text on bacteriology for the correct equipment and procedures.
Avoid prolonged contact with ergot compounds, as they are poisonous and
can be fatal.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an9383@anon.penet.fi
Subject: Bongineering
Message-ID: <1993Apr6.080548.28107@fuug.fi>
Date: Tue, 6 Apr 1993 08:03:09 GMT
This past weekend, some friends and I undertook a "bongineering" project.
We designed and built a "hookah" -- a multi-user water bong.
Since the result was very sucessful, I've decided to post the design in
hope that fellow travelers will benefit....
Here is an ASCII schematic of the basic design:
to user to user
|| bowl ||
|| | | ||
|| \ / ||
|-++-| |-++-| |-++-|
/ || \ / || \ / || \
/ || \ / || \ / || \
/ \ / || \ / \
| _____|___________| || |___________|____ |
| / ________________ || _______________ \ |
| |/ | tubing | || | tubing | \ | |
|----||----| | || | |----||----|
| || | | || | | || |
| || | | || | | || |
| || | |----||----| | || | d2
| || | | || | | || |
| || | | || | d1 | || |
| || | | || | | || |
\________/ \________/ \________/
secondary primary secondary
d1 = water depth in main chamber (may be Zero)
d2 = water depth in secondary chambers (d2 > d1)
This design requires no stoppers or valves -- it uses water pressure
differences to effect a one-way valve. The main requirement is that
the water levels in the secondary chambers are higher than the water
level in the primary chamber. This allows the bong to work even
without every "service station" occupied!
Starting from this basic design, we actually built an slighlty
enhanced version. It had a total of 4 service stations (i.e. 4
secondary chambers), as well as well as an extra buffer chamber
between the primary chamber and each secondary chamber. This beast
had a total of 9 2-liter bottles arranged in a diamond pattern! The tubes
from the primary chambers to the buffer chambers to the secondary chambers
were very short, but the tubes from the the secondary chambers to the users
were very long (4 to 6 feet). This allows for mobile or remote operation.
Hints:
1) Use large-diameter (3/8 inch internal), (clear) plastic tubing.
This reduces air resistance and makes sucking easier.
2) To make the holes in the bottles for the tubing, the following
procedure worked well for us:
Use a hot pointed object to first melt a small hole in the plastic bottles.
(A very small phillips screwdriver held under a lighter for a few
seconds works great.)
Slowly twist a screwdriver/drill/pliers/knife to gradually increase
the diameter of the hole. Stop when the diameter of the hole is
slightly less than the outer-diameter of the tubing. This will allow an
air-tight seal.
This same technique works for making the holes in the top of the
plastic bottle-caps.
3) If possible, use even larger tubing for the bowl tube in the
primary chamber. This tube is the primary "bottleneck" for
entering smoke, and the bigger this is, the easier it is to suck.
The results were fantastic. At first, the users didn't think they
were getting anything, since the smoke was greatly cooled by the dual
water chambers. As a result, they sucked even harder.... A few
minutes later, they were orbiting Pluto... :-)
This was definetly a big hit (no pun intended :) with everyone...
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Due to the double-blind, any mail replies to this message will be anonymized,
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Please report any problems, inappropriate use etc. to admin@anon.penet.fi.
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In article <C1JqB4.B3G@news.cso.uiuc.edu>, ewh52488@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Edward Warren Hand) writes:
>Does anyone know about the validity of extracting lysergic acid
>from Hawaiian Wood Rose seeds or Morning Glory seeds. According
>to the Anarchists Cookbook, althought many on this news group
>seem to question the A.C., you can through a simple process.
1. HBWR and MG seeds don't contain lysergic acid, they contain various
amides of lysergic acid (but not di-ethyl amide).
2. It can be done. I wouldn't trust the A.C. method, though. It purports
to be a method for converting the stuff into LSD, which it is clearly not.
Although LSD is ~100 times as potent as LSAs, the recommended A.C. dosage
_after_ conversion is nearly double the alt.drugs FAQ recommended dosage.
This indicates it's probably a simple extraction which is 50% efficient.
3. If your purpose is to ingest LSAs, you might as well eat (or grind and
stick up your butt or chew) the seeds themselves. If you are going to use
it as an LSD precursor, most chemists recommend ergot instead.
That said, here's an old article I saved on extraction.
--------------------------- cut here -------------------------------------
EXTRACTION:
The method I use is a general one - I copied it from one
used by some scientists to extract mescaline from peyote, but I
have since seen close variations used on many plants.
This procedure is followed, whenever a plant is studied for its
alkaloids.
A few ingredients and bits of equipment are necessary.
I am a chemist, and have my own chemistry set. I have considered manufacture,
but I find that there are enough interesting things to do just
extracting natural compounds, which is much easier, indeed, possible
in the home.
You will need:
A few flasks, glass containers, etc. of suitable sizes, depending on how
large a volume you are playing with.
A separating funnel is almost essential - this could be tricky to get without
a little effort. If you don't know, it is an inverted conical flask with a
hole at the top to pour stuff in , and a tap at the bottom to let the stuff
out accurately . It is used for separating immiscible layers.
A vacuum filtration apparatus would be very useful; I did have a bodgy one
rigged up myself, but it was always difficult to use. Some kind of still,
though, is pretty important to have, although conceivably for a once off
you could get by without it, if you don't mind breathing in a lot of solvent.
As far as still goes it is to recover solvent, and leave goodness as a
residue at the bottom. I use a bit of quickfit I nicked: a round bottom
flask, short column, thermometer on top, and a small condenser... takes
for ever, but don't expect to follow this procedure in anything under a
day.
Other bits and pieces:
A filtre of some sort is a necessity; preferably a good one, with a vacuum
pump if you are filtring gluggy stuff (cactus is the worst, sticky goo,
e.g., other things like seeds and bark are better). People have been
known to use such devices as coffee filtres, t-shirts, tins with holes
in the bottom (as a filtre press) and so on. Whatever you can scrounge.
A lab buchner funnel, sidearm flask, and venturi pump are ideal.
All this stuff is standard in any chemical lab, regardless of discipline.
(cont'd in part ii)
CTION part ii:
Chemicals necessary:
The paydirt (obviously)
Some solvents: methanol (lots), and a non polar solvent. Some people use
ether - this is dangerous and doesn't dissolve everything. Your best bet
is probably something chlorinated - I use dichloromethane, although
chloroform will do (don't breath too much - it is fun at first, but ends
up making you feel ill). Drycleaning fluid... petrol.... I don't know
what you have access to.
Dichloromethane is good because it is non-toxic, volatile, and a good
solvent. It has a major drawback: separation is often very difficult
once you have placed your gluggy plant muck in there. The shot is to
use large quantities of everything, and be patient.
You will also need an acid (Hydrogen chloride is good)
and a base/alkali (Sodium hydroxide is good - that way, if you stuff up,
you end up synthesizing salt instead of something nasty.)
Also useful: acid/base indicator paper, boiling chips (porcelain grains)
and activated charcoal - see local chemist.
The idea is this:
Most fun compounds (the only exception is maybe THC, and alcohol if you count
that) are basic - they contain nitrogen.
So: in general, if you react them with hydrochloric acid, the form a water
soluble chloride. If you react them with dilute base in the aqueous phase,
they go back to being a base, which is insoluble in water, but soluble in
organic non-polar solvents (like CH2Cl2). So, the theory is, that only
a base will go from water to solvent and back to water etc. when changed
from acidic to basic and back to acidic. This gives you a way of removing
all the other crap which is not alkaloid from a sample. That is the theory.
When I do this, if I can get down to some brown or green sludge that I can
throw down or smoke, I am happy with a good days work. Ideally, you should
end up with lovely white crystals, but I think that would require a lot
of time and effort, and indeed a considerable loss of product in the process.
Procedure:
Get your stuff.
Dry it as much as possible - this makes life easier later on. You will never
get all the water out, but too bad.
Chop it up as fine as possible: a blender comes in handy.
You may wish to chop then dry. A word of caution : try to avoid exposing
your stuff to excessive heat. I dry in low heat oven. Heat and air destroy
good compounds from upwards of 100 degs C. All this bit will depend on
exactly what you are extracting.
Once it is finely divided - powdered if possible, put it in a big container,
and cover it with methanol.
Alternatives to methanol here are ethanol (not as good) and acetone (good
solvent - rips the crap out of anything, but is more reactive - can react
with your actives).
Now, depending on what your stuff is, you have to let the methanol have time
to remove it all. This is best done by leaving in a quiet warm place for
a few days, even up to a week, and shaking it occasionally so it is mixed.
Some papers recommend solvent extraction (soxhlet apparatus) and refluxing
at the boiling point of the methanol (80 degs or so - I can't remember).
I usually just rely on time to get the good stuff out.
When you are ready (early in the morning), filtre the muck, to give you
methanol+dissolved brown gunk, and a residue soaked with methanol.
The residue still contains a lot of good stuff, so soak again for an hour,
and repeat, and do a third time if you are feeling generous (3 is the
magic number in extraction work).
When you are done, there is another thing you can do finally, if desired:
depending on what your stuff is, mix it up with dilute hydrochloric acid,
1M is appropriate. let stand for an hour, then filtre (this may be very
difficult) That will get the last of the alkaloids out of the substrate.
(continued in part iii)
EXTRACTION part iii
You now have a methanol-plant stuff mixture, and a dilute HCL-plant stuff
mixture, if you bothered to do that part.
Evaporate the methanol, to leave a small amount of goo. This will contain
water, a bit of methanol, and all kinds of resins and muck, and if you
are lucky, the alkaloids.
If a very quick and crude extraction was all that was desired, then after
stripping the last of the methanol with vacuum if possible, this residue
could be smoked eaten or whathaveyou. I leave that to your discretion.
However, if a cleaner product is desired, the double layer extraction
will need to be performed.
Combine the evaporated methanol gunge with the hydrochloric acid filtrate
if you have any. If you don't then mix the methanol stuff with an excess
of dilute (1M) HCl. Feel free to filtre again at this point. Anything of
marginal solubility here is no good to you. Get the stuff as clean as
possible. Boiling with activated charcoal is another useful trick for
removing gunge. Just boil it up, and filter off the charcoal for a
cleaner brew.
You should now have an acid aqueous solution of alkaloids and water
solubles from the plant.
Take your acidic solution, and bassify. This is done by mixing in dilute
sodium hydroxide (I use up to 5M to save on total volume. Be careful with
conc NaOH - apart from eating skin, it eats alkaloids) As you mix in the
NaOH, you will see swirls of white precipitate form and redissolve.
Continue until the white swirls stay, and until the solution is quite
cloudy. Indicator paper is necessary to see that the solution is basic.
If you can't get indicator paper, you can make an indicator by boiling
up some purple flowers. The dyes in most flowers go bright red in acid,
and green in strong alkali. Just a drop of dye and a drop of mixture
should tell you what is acid or base.
The white precipitate is the alkaloids. The more the better.
Next, add equal volume of non-polar solvent (dichloromethane) to the mix.
Place in separating funnel, and shake. Separate. This may be very difficult
or slow. Adding more solvent, more basic water, etc. may help. Adding lots
of salt to the water layer will help break an emulsion. Ideally you want it
do this step 3 times - to extract as much as possible from the water layer
into the organic. I find this part very difficult, and you have to accept
that you will lose quite a lot of material here. It is, however probably
easier with some plants that others: cactus is very difficult, barks and
seeds would be easier. Use plenty of salt, and agitate to separate.
When you have finished extraction, chuck the basic water layer.
The solvent layer is kept, and can be backwashed with salty water for a
cleaner mixture.
The solvent can now be dried, (using salt or some dry powder, the filtred)
(I don't usually bother with this - the old hairdryer at the end can
remove some last solvent and water) then strip the solvent in a vacuum
to get your final product - some kind of syrup could be expected.
This is super concentrated, but may only be half the strength of the
original. e.g. put in enough for 10 doses of morning glory seeds, get
back 5 doses or more of concentrated alkaloids.
If it is desired to take the process still further, you can do the obvious
thing - mix your solvent layer with dilute acid again and extract back into
water. Acid layer could be evaporated under vacuum to give salts of
alkaloids. Alternatively, if the organic layer were scrupulously dry,
bases could be salted out with some organic acid - a tartrate, oxalate
could be formed. I have never bothered with such things - you would need
a lot of pure extract to be bothered.
The acid-base extraction process can be continued as many times as is
desired.
If a truly pure product is desired, the only way to go from here is
chromatography. I have never used this at home, and wouldn't think
it was worth the trouble, but there will be papers available on what
was used for a particular extraction case.
Jeremy
-------end of included article--------
Keith Lewis klewis@mitre.org "Mr. Cheap"
I don't dance to music; music dances to me. Email me for my PGP key.
The above may not (yet) represent the opinions of my employer.

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Message-ID: <070311Z27101993@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an39827@anon.penet.fi
Date: Wed, 27 Oct 1993 06:54:15 UTC
Subject: Nomadic, Clandistine, Hydroponic Garden!
I've been exploring hydroponic gardening lately, and thought y'all might
be interested in hearing about my setup:
Materials ->
1 Footlocker or trunk, bigger is better.
1 Rubbermaid dishpan that just fits on the bottom of the trunk, when the
trunk is turned on its side (this will make more sense in a few minutes,
I used a 12 quart one)
3-4 blocks of FLORAL FOAM (Preferably agricultural grade, as it does not
have preservatives in it, but Oasis will do if it is completely
rinsed/soaked first)
1 Muffin Fan (look in computer surplus stores)
1 50 WATT High Pressure Sodium lamp (Or your lamp of choice)
1 roll of tin foil
Comments on Cost ->
If you bought all this stuff, it would run about 100 bucks... However, I
got my trunk at a yard sale for $5, had the fan lying around, and through
some creative scrounging on a public bike trail late at night, came up
with the HPS lamp and ballast for free. The dishpan came from a
'Everything's a dollar' store, and foam is cheap... I think I spent $30
total (including fertilizer, which I will discuss later)
What to do with this stuff->
First, cut the handle off of one end of the trunk, then stand the thing up
on that end. Sitting it on a phone book with the door hanging off the end
makes it much easier to open and close.
Then install the fan... I put mine on the top of the box, but It could go
in the top back corner if light leakage is important. A good deal of
light will be exiting the fanhole (well, more than anywhere else)... keep
this in mind. I also painted the fanblades white in an attempt to reflect
the light back into the box, but Im not sure if it worked... it probably
isnt necessary.
Put some intake holes along the bottom of the box, these will be covered
with foil later, so not too much light will be leaking out.
Cover the entire inside of the box with foil, excluding the fan area, and
where you plan on installing the lamp. I used duct tape to affix it to
the walls/door, and I LEFT IT UNATTATCHED AT THE BOTTOM so air could come
through the intake holes.
Install the lamp! I put mine at the very top center of the door, with the
bulb sticking straight out, so it enters the rest of the box when the door
is closed. This made it easier to wire, but In the future, I would put it
on the back wall of the box, as less of your room will be illuminated when
you open the thing (it's kind of like opening up the sun).
Thoughts on Lamps->
According to Ed Rosenthol (believe him if you want to, ignore him if you
dont) HPS lamps are some of the best growing lamps made, especially when
efficiency is an issue. These lamps give off an amberish glow, and are
often used to light parking lots, bike trails, etc. They operate on a
very high voltage, and require a transformer or ballast to work. Metal
Halide lamps (used in photographic and theatrical lamps) are smaller, and
much whiter, and usually do not require ballast, but they use up a hell of
a lot more energy.
I used a Flurescent to sprout the plants, and switched to HPS after
they had developed 3 sets of leaves (about 48 hours after germination)
This was acceptable.
Next, it is time to deal with the foam and plant. I soak the foam
overnight in a nutrient-water mixture (more on that later) after rinsing
it extremely well. Then I cut a brick or 2 into 1" cubes, and plant one
seed in each cube. Planting in foam means you place the sead on the foam,
and push it in with a small wire or something similar, so the seed is
surrounded as much as possible by the wet foam. The cubes are placed in
the dishpan, and 1/2" of water-nutrient mixture is added to the pan. The
foam will suck up water and nutrients as necessary, so it is important to
try to keep the water level at about 1/2". It is better for the water to
be slightly too low (but not dry) than too high.
The seeds can take as long as a week or 10 days to germinate, do not worry
if nothing happens at first, and it seems that I never get more than about
15% of my planted seeds to sprout. This suggests a fault somewhere in my
system, but I havent identified it yet, no do I especially care. I just
plant a LOT of seeds, and then use the best seedlings for my gardening.
Usually a smoking-buddy or someone will take a free marijuana seedling off
your hands with a minimum of hassle.
About 3 days after germination, a few pairs of leaves should've formed.
Now is the time to transplant. And transplanting is the glory of foam.
All you need to do to transplant things growing in foam, is put the small
block of foam (with the plant in it) on top of the larger block , and rub
them together a few times. The roots will grow out of the small cube, and
into the bigger one in a matter of days. I managed to find foam in 12"
cubes... cutting these in half gave me 2 pieces of 12"x12"x6" foam, and
each of those can easily hold one plant, probably 2. I personally grow
only one plant in each trunk, but 2 smaller ones are probably perfectly
acceptable.
Lighting->
When I transplant is when I turn on the HPS lamp. It then stays on for
24 hours/7days until the plant is 8-15 inches tall. Then it is time to
force flowering. This can be done by giving the plants a 10-16 hour dark
period in each 24 hour day (this should be done using a cheap timer like
people use when they go away on vacation in an attempt to foil burglers)
In a matter of 3 weeks, sex should be apparent on the plants... REMOVE THE
MALES. Keep the dark period constant until it is time to pick, dry and enjoy.
A word on water-nutrient mixtures->
Floram foam should be totally inert, meaning it does not provide the plant
with ANYTHING except something for the roots to grow in. Thus all
nutrients that the plant would get from the soil MUST be in the water.
Read a few books on hydroponics to figure out what mixture suits you best,
I personally use a liquid plant food that shows on its label an N-P-N
count of 10-15-10. This seems to work fairly well for me. I know people
who use 20-20-20, and quite a few who use different foods during different
stages of growth. Read up on the subject and decide for yourself.
Anyway, this was not ment to be a 'HOW TO GROW WEED' type of post, but
apparently it has become one (sort of). It was ment to talk about my grow
room, as it was described earlier in this post. I have found that a
single plant can grow to maturity without any trouble in this space, and 2
smaller plants (forced to flower at about 8 inches, instead of the 10-12
that I personally use) would probably be ok too.
This grow room is very portable (unplug it and take it with you)
clandestine (it looks like a trunk to me (not an uncommon thing in a
college dormatory if you are a student), and it can be locked with a
padlock) and effective (trust me!)
I assume one could grow using standard soil and such in this thing, but I
have had great success with foam, and it is much easier to keep it
watered. Rockwool has been sugested to me as a medium, but I dont even
know where to buy it... apparently it is much like foam in that it is
inert, and transplanting is a breeze.
Happy Growing
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Message-ID: <095303Z22051994@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an95175@anon.penet.fi (Ned Lud)
Date: Sun, 22 May 1994 09:44:01 UTC
Subject: V*A*P*O*R*I*Z*E*R P*L*A*N*S
>>> HEY!!! <<<
You DON'T need anything fancy to try the very best in advanced smoking
technology ** !!TODAY!! ** Make yer own ...
B*L*E*N*D*E*R
========> V*A*P*O*R*I*Z*O*R <========
in the time it takes to find the stuff in your kitchen!!
DIAGRAM-ORAMA:
*************
screw-on
canning jar lid
-----------------> _______
/ \ glass part of blender
/ \ <-----------------------
| plant |___
| matter | |
| | | |
| | |___| frying pan or other
| here | clean metal surface
\_______|_________|_______/ <---------------
*FLAME*
Instructions: 1) Put about 1/4 teaspoon of desired plant material, finely
ground, on a clean, grunge-free frying pan. Spread it out so that it covers
the area beneath the glass part of the blender. 2) Making sure that the
blender glass is resting evenly on the frying pan (so no air gets in),
CAREFULLY turn on the burner beneath the frying pan. NOTE: DO NOT BURN
YOURSELF UP. 3) Slowly turn up the heat under the pan. Soon, white vapor will
swirl up to fill the blender glass. 4) When the vapor is thick inside the
glass -- you shouldn't be able to see through it -- turn off the flame and
CAREFULLY unscrew the canning jar lid, and CAREFULLY put your mouth to the
lips of the now-open-top where the canning lid was. CAREFULLY tip the blender
so that air can enter from below (you may want to use a pot holder) and suck
up the vapor. 5) SIT DOWN. (You'll need to.) Hold the vapor in as long as you
can. 6) Exhale, and begin breathing normally.
Please use caution when handling the glass blender. Do not burn yourself on
the stove.
Have fun!
Ned Lud
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I was driving my old beater-car across Rte. 2 in Vermont on my way to the
University of Vermont where I would be starting my second year. Driving
55 mph was not a problem since my car doesn't go much faster, anyway. I
was passing through Plainville, or some town like that, when I saw lights
and sirens behind me. I knew I had not done anything wrong, but my car,
being plastered with every Dead, Phish, and other stickers, it is an easy
target (I guess). Pulling to the side of the road to let the officer
pass, I realized he was also slowing and puling off behind me. UH-OH!!!
I had nothing of an illegal nature in plain view, but not knowing what
the availability at school would be early on in the semester, I brought a
three week supply of Maine Hydro along with me (personal consumption
only). As I was slowing down, my McDonald's fries dumped off the
passenger side seat from the sudden decelleration. Reaching for them as
they fell I would soon realize to be a mistake.
"Licence and Registration please."
I handed both over.
"Do you know why I pulled you over?" queried the VT state trooper
"No, sir, I don't" I replied
"You don't have any contraband in here do you?"
"No, sir." I said assurredly
"You have a brake-light out" he said
(I was thinking, he would only know that my light was out once I started
to slow down, after he was following me with his siren)
"Are you sure you don't have any weed in here?" he asked again
"No, sir."
"Where are you going?"
"UVM, sir"
"How come?"
"I'm a student there. I reached for my Student ID and handed it over"
I noticed you reached for something when I pulled you over. You're not
hiding anything are you?"
"Actually, I was startled and my Mcdonalds fries dumped all over the
floor" I gestured to the potato mess on the floor."
"Driver, exit the vehicle" he said, his mood getting quite stern.
He had me lie face down on the highway while he proceeded to unpack all
the stuff I was taking to school with me, clothes, books, EVERYTHING!!!
All the while, telling me to face front, and that I couldn't watch him
search my car. He ripped a hole in the back seat looking for stuff.
Finally, he came up with a bag of seeds, a brand-new unused protopipe,
and some clean brass screens, still in the wrapper.
Complying completely, I stayed motionless on the ground, watching all my
clothes drift across the highway as he threw them about.
He ordered me up to unlock the trunk. (I guess he thought he found the
mother-load) I did so, revealing more clothes and an empty (helium) ;)
tank. "Ohhh, he said, "nitrous, huh? I remember soing this stuff in
school"
"Well, its just an empty tank" I explained as he tore it out of the trunk
and brought it to his car. "Let me check to see if its stolen"
It wasn't. I purchased it fair and square.
He gave it back and warned me not to fill it in Vermont, its illegal.
When he found the Ganja, he put it in his car. I thought for sure I
would be taken with him to the station. Instead, the mutherfucker said,
"I did all that shit in college, too. I'm not going to arrest you,
there's not enough here to make a difference." And he left with all my
weed and gave me a 100 dollar speeding ticket.
I know I shouldn't complain, I was "lucky" in some people's eyes. Now,
granted, I got off pretty easy (although VERY shaken up), but the FUCKING
COP STOLE MY WEED!!!!!!!!! He even admitted to smoking reefer in the
past as well as doing Nitrous. He knew damn well when he pulled me over
why he was pulling me over and it had nothing to do with a tail-light or
speeding (neither was applicable...I was going below the speed limit and
my lights in back worked fine.) I lost half of my belongings to the
other side of the highway, and the other half was ruined and all messed
up. This ass hole got a brand new protopipe, lots-a-weed and was
probably living the **HIGH** life for the next few weeks. I, in the
meantime was stuck with a fat speeding ticket for not even speeding. He
told me that if I protested the ticket in court, he would produce the
evidence, which I knew was his own personal stash, since he didn't report
any of it. If you're out there, Pig, I have one final word for you:
FUCK YOU!
p.s. There's plenty of kind bud in Burlington, VT. Check it out
sometime.

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: jr@dutsh7.tudelft.nl (Jan Remmert Pels)
Subject: nitrous and famous
Message-ID: <jr.747112959@dutsh7.tudelft.nl>
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1993 03:22:39 GMT
Hello everybody,
I promised to send out this list I have, with well known people, using
n2o (nitrous oxide) as a drug. I am sorry, but this list is somewhat
Anglo-saxon-oriented, but what can you expect? The original list was
published in 'The book of lists' by Wallechinsky et al. And it gives
also lists of famous people usingcocaine, hash, morfine, LSD, mescaline
heroine and opium. If anyone is interested, well, let me know or buy the
book. It is a bit old, but still as interesting as an old 'Guiness book
of records'.
Thomas Wedgwood, 1771-1805, English Physicist
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 1772-1834, English Poet
Robert Southey, 1774-1843, English Poet
Humphrey Davy, 1778-1829, English Chemist
Peter Mark Roget, 1779-1889, Author of 'Roget's Thesaurus'
Samuel Colt, 1814-1862, American Inventor of the Colt .45 revolver
William James, 1842-1910, American Philosopher
Theodore Dreiser, 1871-1945, American Writer and Journalist
Winston Churchill, 1874-1965, English Politician (...)
Peter Ouspenski, 1878-1947, Russian descipel of Gudjieff
Allen Grinsberg, 1926-, American Poet
Gregori Corso, 1930-, American Poet
Ken Kesey, 1965-, American Writer
Well, that's it. Be happy with it and I am not responsible for any
mistakes, that has been made by the authors of the Book of Lists.
Jan R. Pels
Delft University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering
Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
telephone: +31 (15) 784356, telefax: +31 (15) 784452
"Life is the way you think about yourself, through the day."

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: jr@dutsh7.tudelft.nl (Jan Remmert Pels)
Subject: nitrous and famous
Message-ID: <jr.747112959@dutsh7.tudelft.nl>
Date: Sat, 4 Sep 1993 03:22:39 GMT
Hello everybody,
I promised to send out this list I have, with well known people, using
n2o (nitrous oxide) as a drug. I am sorry, but this list is somewhat
Anglo-saxon-oriented, but what can you expect? The original list was
published in 'The book of lists' by Wallechinsky et al. And it gives
also lists of famous people usingcocaine, hash, morfine, LSD, mescaline
heroine and opium. If anyone is interested, well, let me know or buy the
book. It is a bit old, but still as interesting as an old 'Guiness book
of records'.
Thomas Wedgwood, 1771-1805, English Physicist
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 1772-1834, English Poet
Robert Southey, 1774-1843, English Poet
Humphrey Davy, 1778-1829, English Chemist
Peter Mark Roget, 1779-1889, Author of 'Roget's Thesaurus'
Samuel Colt, 1814-1862, American Inventor of the Colt .45 revolver
William James, 1842-1910, American Philosopher
Theodore Dreiser, 1871-1945, American Writer and Journalist
Winston Churchill, 1874-1965, English Politician (...)
Peter Ouspenski, 1878-1947, Russian descipel of Gudjieff
Allen Grinsberg, 1926-, American Poet
Gregori Corso, 1930-, American Poet
Ken Kesey, 1965-, American Writer
Well, that's it. Be happy with it and I am not responsible for any
mistakes, that has been made by the authors of the Book of Lists.
Jan R. Pels
Delft University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering
Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
telephone: +31 (15) 784356, telefax: +31 (15) 784452
"Life is the way you think about yourself, through the day."
--
Jan R. Pels
Delft University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering
Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
telephone: +31 (15) 784356, telefax: +31 (15) 784452

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Title : Codeine FAQ
Author : mdh@debug.cuc.ab.ca
Newsgroup : alt.drugs
Last Revision : June 28, 1994
Introduction
~~~~~~~~~~~~
Codeine is a member of the drug class opiates. Opiates
include all naturally occurring drugs with morphine-like effects
such as codeine and all semi and fully synthetic drugs with
morphine-like effects such as heroin and meperidine (Demerol).
Codeine was first discovered as a natural constituent of
opium in very small concentrations, in the range of 0.7% - 2.5%
by weight. Most codeine found in pharmaceutical products today
is synthetically produced via the methylation of morphine.
Codeine is available by prescription only in most areas
of the US. Exceptions are seen in some states where codeine can
be purchased over-the-counter (OTC) in products containing a small
dose of codeine. Also in Canada, some codeine containing products
are available OTC in most if not all provinces. With the codeine
available in the US OTC, release forms may have to be signed,
including your name and address, in order to keep track of how
much codeine you are buying.
The amount of codeine allowable by law in OTC products is
8mg per unit dose of a drug. A example is 325mg of acetaminophen
(a unit dose of acetaminophen) and 8mg codeine per tablet. This
law is used to prevent the excessive use of codeine as one would
have to take doses reaching toxicity of acetaminophen before any
real problems with the codeine administration would occur. It's
the same situation with aspirin. With OTC cough medications, the
highest amount of codeine allowed is 3.3mg/ml. This
concentration is _so_ low that this FAQ will not be discussing
cough syrups as a source of recreational codeine. The tablet
form of OTC codeine products usually also includes 15mg of
caffeine in each standard dose.
Prescription codeine containing products are usually not
available without another drug included such as acetaminophen.
Rx (prescription) products include the Tylenol w/ codeine series
(#1,2,3,4) containing respectively 8mg, 15mg, 30mg, 60mg of
codeine. Each tablet also contains caffeine in doses of 15mg,
30mg, 30mg and 0mg respectively. Thus Tylenol #4 w/ codeine
(the most desired one) contains 325mg of acetaminophen, 60mg of
codeine and no caffeine. Another Rx product is the 222, 292,
293, 294 series. They are identical to the Tylenol w/ codeine
series, except aspirin replaces the acetaminophen. The Rx
products are good sources of codeine for recreational use except
most of us don't have sources that can obtain these drugs,
therefore this FAQ contains a procedure so that one can easily
obtain large amount of codeine from OTC products.
Effects and Uses
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Codeine is mainly used as a pain reliever, but is also
used for the relief of a non-productive cough, and as a
anti-diarrheal agent. 120mg of codeine administered SC
(subcutaneously, injected under the skin) provides pain relief
equal to 10mg of morphine administered by the same route. Doses
used to relieve cough or diarrhea range from 5mg to 30mg.
Codeine is absorbed quickly from the GI tract and it's
first pass through the liver results in very little loss of the
drug. This contrasts with morphine in which over 90% of the drug
is metabolized in the first pass through the liver resulting in a
considerable loss of potency when administered orally. This is
why codeine is a common opiate in the relief of pain, the ease of
oral administration.
Codeine can be administered by many routes, this includes,
SC, IM (intramuscularly), as an enema, and orally. Note, codeine
can't be administered safely by IV (intravenously) injection as
it can result in pulmonary edema (fluid in lungs), facial swelling
and other life threatening complications.
Codeine is converted to morphine in the brain. This of
course will result in a positive result in a drug test for the
opiates. It is not known whether or not the drugs heroin,
morphine or codeine can be separately determined on a drug test.
In other words it isn't likely that the drug tester can determine
which of the three above drugs you have taken, he just knows
you've taken one or more of them.
Note! Addiction to codeine can occur. Tolerance is also
seen with chronic use. Although the withdrawal is minimal with
codeine, it is not a fun time. Please be cautious in your use
of the drug.
Some common side effects from codeine include drowsiness,
light-headedness, dry mouth, urinary retention (difficulty in
urination), constipation and of course, euphoria. Adverse
effects can include itchiness (common), confusion, nausea and
vomiting. The nausea experienced with codeine is less common
and less intense than that experienced with the stronger opiates
such as morphine. A tip to all those using opiates, lying down
does wonders to the nausea. If you ever experience nausea on
opiates it is different than the commonly experienced nausea as
it is more of a light-headed nausea. Lying down will almost
always relieve the nausea in a couple minutes, which after you
can attempt to stand up again.
Codeine is a _excellent_ opiate to start experimenting
with. Although the euphoria is not as intense as that
experienced with the stronger opiates, the euphoria can still be
quite intense. It also must be noted that like most other drugs,
some experience is required before the full effects can be
noticed and enjoyed. The best dose to start at is the
30mg - 60mg dosage. That way you won't experience many adverse
effects and you can continue to take this small amount until you
feel the desired effects, after that you can increase the dosage
as you please. Most people settle around the 250mg mark for the
best euphoria, with the least side effects. The best idea is to
take in a situation where you won't become distracted. You can
get yourself into a comfortable position and relax because you
will become _quite_ relaxed. It may take 5 to 20 times before
you can appreciate the effects. The effects are subtle like
marijuana and it takes some time before you come to recognize
them all.
The LD50 (lethal dose for %50) is 800mg in the average
person. Death from codeine, unlike most opiates, includes
restlessness, seizures and eventually death from respiratory
arrest.
Using Codeine
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Again a good dose to start using codeine at is in the
30mg to 60mg range. At this dosage range the adverse effects
tend to be minimal, and the pleasurable effects quite noticeable.
It is usually a good idea to take the drug on a empty stomach,
and if nausea is experienced or you get hungry (not likely) you
can have something to eat. On an empty stomach the effects will
become noticeable within 15 min depending on the dose. With
higher doses the effects can begin in as little as 7 min. The
effects peak at around 1 hr with the experience nearing it's end
at around the 3 - 4 hr point. Again with higher doses effects
may last 4 - 6 hours.
The effects will usually begin with a slight sedation,
and a feeling of warmth coming over you body. Muscular relaxation
is also quite noticeable. The subjective effects are quite hard
to describe beyond the word euphoria. The sedation associated
with codeine is quite a lot less than that experienced with
morphine or other stronger opiates. A strong feeling of
contentment is usually also experienced. Most people enter
a phase where you become quite content and tend to lose interest
in their surroundings. A heavy feeling in the limbs also
becomes quite noticeable. This will peak at 1hr with the effects
slowly tapering off after 2hr.
Codeine Extraction Technique
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Due to the difficulty in obtaining Rx drugs containing
enough codeine to be used recreationally, I have included a
procedure that allows one to extract the codeine from OTC
products to obtain enough of the drug to use recreationally.
This extraction can *only* be used on OTC products
containing either acetaminophen or aspirin in addition to the
codeine. There is one exception to this rule. Products
containing caffeine can be used with the knowledge that the most
of the caffeine contained in the OTC product, *will* be found
in the finished product. This should not matter to most people,
but to those with problems in taking caffeine, *you have been
warned*!
The idea behind the following extraction is that
acetaminophen and aspirin (I'll use A/A from now on) are very
_insoluble_ in cold water. Codeine phosphate (the most common
salt of codeine) is very _soluble_ in water including cold water.
The following table explains:
Solubility (31C water) Solubility (21C water)
Aspirin 1g / 100 ml 1g / 300ml
Acetaminophen 1g / 70 ml 1g / 150 ml
Codeine 1g / 2.3 ml 1g / 0.7 ml
Phosphate
So as you can see, both A/A aren't very soluble in 21C
water, so if you cool the water to around 10C, the solubility will
drop even further. That way you can dissolve 20 tablets in 50ml
of hot water, cool the water down to 10C, filter the solution and
end up with the same amount of codeine as the tablets contained
but only a fraction of the original amount of A/A.
It must be noted that because most of the caffeine will
also be in the finished product, using large amount of tablets in
the following procedure will result in large amount of caffeine
in the finished product. For example the use of 20 tablets will
result in about 300mg of caffeine in the finished product
(15mg/tablets * 20 tablets). I personally haven't experienced
any adverse reactions due to this amount of caffeine. Because
of codeine's sedative effects the "jitters" and other adverse
effects of large amount of caffeine are not experienced.
The Procedure
1. Obtain a quantity of tablets containing codeine, check to
see if they contain anything other than codeine, caffeine,
acetaminophen or aspirin. If they do, and you don't know whether
or not it will be a problem, your best bet is not to use them.
Measure out your desired amount of codeine (ex. 64 mg = 8 tablets
* 8mg/tablet). You may want to add 2 extra tablets as it is quite
likely you will lose some codeine in the procedure. As you get
more experience with the procedure you will be able to get
approx. 95% of the codeine extracted.
2. Measure out some nice hot water, use approx. 40ml / 20 tablets
or more if needed. I would suggest you don't go over 50ml for 20
tablets. I don't know if the use of boiling water would destroy
any of the codeine but your best bet is not to use it. Use hot
water but not boiling. Make sure the tablets dissolve completely.
Some dissolve on contact with water while others need some help
dissolving by crushing them. Note : not all of the tablet will
dissolve, there are water-insoluble fillers in the tablet and not
all of the A/A will dissolve either(which is what we want).
3. Place the solution in a cold bath, I just use some ice cubes
in a container of water. Stir the mixture occasionally until the
solution drops to about 15C or lower. You won't need a
thermometer to measure the temperature, just make sure it's
"cold". This will take about 30 min. If you wish to speed this
up, you can use less water to dissolve the tablets, and add ice
chips to cool the mixture faster. Just make sure you don't add
so much ice that you drastically increase the volume of the mixture.
4. Filter the solution using whatever you have. Coffee filters
work well, but lab filters work the best. Just make sure you
don't end up with obvious solids in the filtered solution. This
will take about 1 hr. You may also want to rinse the solids left
over in the filter with some ice-water to extract any remaining
codeine.
5. Drink and enjoy! The solution will be _very_ bitter, so I mix
a little Kool-aid powder into the solution. The taste isn't really
bad but it's similar to sucking on a lemon.
6. Sit back and wait for the effects. Because the codeine is
already in solution it only needs to be absorbed, while codeine
in the tablet form must dissolve before being absorbed. Because
of this, the effects will probably become noticeable within 15min.
Note : I don't suggest you evaporate the mixture unless you are
willing to wait a while. The Merck index warns that codeine is
sensitive to heat and light. For that reason if you wish to
evaporate the mixture, do it without heat, and shield the solution
from light.
----- End of FAQ

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
OPIOID FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FILE
Newsgroup : alt.drugs
********** Article Separation
** Contents **
Glossary on terms used in FAQ
Opioid Info:
Natural (known as opiates):
Morphine
Codeine
Semi-Synthetic (known as opioids):
Heroin
Hydrocodone (Hycodan)
Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
Meperidine (Demerol)
Oxycodone (Percodan)
Synthetic (also known as opioids):
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Methadone (Dolophine)
Propoxyphene (Darvon)
Pentazocine (Talwin)
Opioid Addiction and Withdrawal
**********
The FAQ will use morphine as the standard opioid and base all other
opioids in relation to it. (Kinda like class inheritance in C++).
**********
A little glossary to start the FAQ:
opiate - narcotic analgesic derived from a natural source(opium poppy)
opioid - narcotic analgesic that is either semi or fully synthetic
- also refers to entire family of both opiates and opioids
IM - intramuscular injection
SC - subcutaneous injection
**********
** Morphine **
Synopsis
Morphine is naturally occurring substance in the opium poppy,
Papaver somniferum. It is a potent narcotic analgesic, and its
primary clinical use is in the management of moderately severe
and severe pain. After heroin, morphine has the greatest
dependence liability of the narcotic analgesics in common use.
Morphine is administered by several routes (injected, smoked,
sniffed, or swallowed); but when injected particularly
intravenously, morphine can produce intense euphoria and a general
state of well-being and relaxation. Regular use can result in
the rapid development of tolerance to these effects. Profound
physical and psychological dependence can also rapidly develop,
and withdrawal sickness upon abrupt cessation of heroin use; many
of the symptoms resemble those produced by a case of moderately
severe flu.
Morphine is infrequently encountered in the North American street
drug culture. However, mainly because of its availability in
hospitals, there have been several documented cases of morphine
dependence among health professionals.
Drug Source
Morphine is isolated from crude opium, which is a resinous
prep of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum.
Trade Name
Roxinal, MS Contin, Morphine Sulfate
Street Names
"M", morph, Miss Emma
Drug Combinations
Use of morphine plus cocaine, as well as of morphine plus
methamphetamine, has been reported. However, such combinations
are not frequently encountered.
Medical Uses
* symptomatic relief of moderately severe to severe pain;
* relief of certain types of difficult or labored breathing;
* suppression of severe cough (rarely);
* suppression of severe diarrhea (e.g., that produced by cholera).
Physical Appearance
Morphine is legally available only in the form of its water-soluble
salts. Most common are morphine sulfate and morphine hydrochloride.
Both are fine white crystalline powders, bitter to the taste. Both
are soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol.
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
For moderate to severe pain the optimal intramuscular dosage is
considered to be 10 mg per 70 kg body weight every four hours.
The typical dose range is from 5 to 20 mg every four hours,
depending on the severity of the pain. The oral dose range is
between 8 and 20 mg; but with oral administration morphine has
substantially less analgesic potency (approximately one-tenth of
the effect produced by subcutaneous injection) because it is
rapidly destroyed as it passes through the liver immediately
after absorption. The intravenous route is employed primarily
for severe post-operative pain or in an emergency; in this case
the dose range is between 4 and 10 mg, and the analgesic effect
ensues almost immediately.
Nonmedical
Irregular or intermittent users (who are not substituting the drug
for another narcotic analgesic) may start and continue to use doses
within the therapeutic range (e.i., up to 20 mg). However, regular
users who employ morphine for its subjectively pleasurable effects
frequently increase the dose as tolerance develops. To take several
hundred milligrams per day is common, and there are reliable reports
of up to four or five grams (4000 - 5000 mg) per day.
Routes Of Administration
Morphine may be taken orally in tablet form, and can also injected
subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously; the last is the
route preferred by those who are dependent on morphine.
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Low Doses (single doses of 5 - 10 mg administered by S.C or IM injection in
non-tolerant users)
CNS, behavioral, subjective:
suppression the sensation of and emotional response to pain;
euphoria; drowsiness, lethargy, relaxation; difficulty in
concentrating; decreased physical activity in some users and
increased physical activity in others; mild anxiety or fear;
pupillary constriction, blurred vision, impaired night vision,
suppression of cough reflex.
Respiratory:
slightly reduced respiratory rate.
Gastrointestinal:
nausea and vomiting; constipation; loss of appetite; decreased
gastric motility.
Other:
slight drop in body temperature; sweating; reduced libido; prickly
or tingling sensation on the skin (particularly after intravenous
injection).
Duration
4 - 5 hours
Dependency Potential
high, continued use results in both psychological and physical
dependency
**********
** Codeine **
Drug Source
Codeine is found in opium in concentrations between %0.1 and %2.
Because of the small concentration found in nature, most codeine
found in medical products is synthesized from morphine via the
methylation of the hydroxyl group found on the second non-aromatic
ring.
Trade Name
There are no commercial name for products containing only
codeine in US. Found under common name of codeine.
Canada does have a codeine only syrup available under
Paveral. Mainly found in combination products.
Street Name
T-three's (Tylenol #3 w/ codeine), schoolboy, cough syrup
Medical Uses
* relief of mild to moderate pain
* relief of non-productive cough
* relief of diarrhea
Drug Combinations
Sold under many name brand products, the most popular being the
Tylenol with Codeine series, the number on the tablet corresponds
to the amount of codeine and caffeine found in the each tablet.
Tylenol #1 w/ codeine - 8 mg codeine, 15 mg caffeine
Tylenol #2 w/ codeine - 15 mg codeine, 15 mg caffeine
Tylenol #3 w/ codeine - 30 mg codeine, 30 mg caffeine
Tylenol #4 w/ codeine - 60 mg codeine, no caffeine
note: all tablets contain same amount of acetaminophen (300 mg)
Fiorinal (aspirin, caffeine, barbital, codeine)
Many other brand name product combinations.
Physical Appearance
Tylenol w/ codeine series are imprinted with number on one side and
other side is Tylenol label(McNeil).
Controlled Substance Status
As a single product codeine is a schedule II controlled substance
in the US.
When combined with other non-controlled substance, and depending
on amount per dose unit, codeine combined products range from
schedule III to V.
Canada has OTC codeine products available if product has no more
than 8 mg of codeine per unit dose. Some US areas may have codeine
preps available OTC, but usually require release form.
As an interesting fact, a travelers handbook noted that Greece has
banned codeine in that country (no idea on what it's status is now)
so be careful when traveling there.
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
Pain relief : 30mg - 220mg oral or equivalent dose SC or IM
Diarrhea relief : 10mg - 20mg orally
Cough suppressant : 5mg - 15mg orally
Nonmedical
Doses can range from 30mg up to 400mg. LD50 for codeine is 800mg in
a average nontolerant person.
At doses of > 250mg adverse effects tend to arise, including intense
itching, flushed skin, dizziness, sedation, nausea and vomiting
Routes Of Administration
Usually taken orally but can be injected IM or SC. The IV route is
not recommended as reactions such as facial swelling, pulmonary
edema and convulsions can occur.
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
Effects begin at 30mg and tend to mimic those of morphine, except
sedation and euphoria are less intense.
Respiratory:
same as morphine but less intense.
Gastrointestinal:
same as morphine but nausea and vomiting are less common and
constipation less severe.
Other:
alleocodone is a schedule II drug, and when combined
with other non-controlled drugs, is found from schedule III-IV.
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
as a cough suppressant 5mg - 10mg
for pain relief 10mg - 30mg
Nonmedical
doses are similar to those for pain relief
Routes Of Administration
Usually taken orally but can be inject via three routes. Unknown if
hydrocodone can be sniffed or smoked. Sniffing is likely possible.
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
Has similar effects as morphine but less sedation and euphoria
Respiratory:
Less depression than morphine.
Gastrointestinal:
Less likely to cause nausea and vomiting than morphine.
Other:
Hydrocodone is a weaker opioid than morphine but still a effective
opioid with similar potency to oxycodone.
Duration
3 - 4 hours
Dependency Potential
moderately low, much less potential than morphine
**********
** Hydromorphone **
Drug Source
Synthetically produced from morphine.
Trade Name
Dilaudid
Street Name
Dillies
Medical Uses
* relief of moderate to severe pain
* relief of severe cough
Drug Combinations
most commonly used as a single product
Physical Appearance
usually bought as tablets, or injectable solution
Controlled Substance Status
Hydromorphone, like most single product opioids, is a schedule II
opioid.
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
for pain relief 1mg - 2mg
Nonmedical
same as pain relief doses
Routes Of Administration
Can be administered orally, by three routes of injection, and
by sniffing. Unknown if smoking is an effective route.
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
Hydrocodone has effects similar to morphine, except euphoria is
similar to codeine, nausea and vomiting is quite rare, and
sedation is practically non-existent
Respiratory:
Hydrocodone depresses respiration minimally.
Gastrointestinal:
Hydromorphone effects GI tract very little.
Other:
Although hydromorphone's euphoria pales with other opioids
it's abuse potential comes from the fact the rush experienced
from IV use is very similar to heroin's.
Hydromorphone is one of the most used opioids in the relief of
pain for the terminally ill. The reasons being it's minimal
side effects, and high potency.
Duration
3 - 4 hours
Dependency Potential
moderately high
**********
** Meperidine **
Drug Source
Meperidine is completely synthetic and can be produced with
dichlorodiethyl methylamine and benzyl cyanide.
Trade Name
Demerol
Street Name
Demmies
Medical Uses
* originally found to be useful for muscle spasms but the
discovery of it's analgesic properties has resulted in
it's almost exclusive use for relief of moderate to severe
pain
Drug Combinations
usually found as a single product, with few combination products.
Is found in combination with acetaminophen in Demerol APAP
Physical Appearance
Demerol tablets are small white tablets with the name
Winthrop on one side
Controlled Substance Status
Schedule II substance in US
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
pain relief is achieved with approx. 50mg - 150mg injected
or 200mg - 300mg oral
Nonmedical
doses similar to those used in medical settings are used in
recreational use.
Routes Of Administration
orally, three injection routes, and sniffing are possible,
unknown if smoking is possible
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
same as morphine but less sedation, less intense euphoria
Respiratory:
respiratory depression tends to be less common and less intense
than morphine
Gastrointestinal:
nausea and vomiting are reportedly common with oral use, but
less when administered via injection
Duration
3 - 4 hours
Dependency Potential
reported to be less than or equal to that of morphine
**********
** Oxycodone **
Drug Source
synthesized from codeine
Trade Name
only found as a compound product combined with aspirin or
acetaminophen. Available in Canada as a single product in
the form of a suppository
Street Name
Percs
Medical Uses
* relief of moderate to severe pain
Drug Combinations
Percodan is aspirin and oxycodone
Percocet is acetaminophen and oxycodone
Physical Appearance
Percodan tablets are color coded according to quantity of oxycodone
in each tablet, the pink have ~2.5mg and the orange and green having
twice as much
Controlled Substance Status
Schedule II in US
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
10 - 20mg oral for pain relief
5 - 15mg injection
Nonmedical
Doses similar to those used in a medical setting are used
Routes Of Administration
Can be administered orally, three injection routes, sniffed
and possibly smoked.
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
Same as morphine but milder.
Respiratory:
Less respiratory depression than morphine
Gastrointestinal:
Less constipating than morphine
Duration
3 - 4 hours
Dependency Potential
Moderate
**********
** Fentanyl **
Drug Source
Synthetically produced
Trade Name
Sublimaze
Street Name
China white
Medical Uses
Mainly relief of moderate to severe pain and as a surgical
anesthetic
Drug Combinations
none
Physical Appearance
Found as a injectable solution, and a transdermal patch
Controlled Substance Status
Schedule II in US
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
50ug - 200ug
Nonmedical
same range as medical use
Routes Of Administration
can be administered via three injection routes, sniffed and smoked
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
euphoria is less than morphine
Respiratory:
same as morphine but has potential to cause respiratory muscles
to go into spasm and result in respiratory arrest
Gastrointestinal:
less constipating that morphine
Duration
1 - 2 hours
Dependency Potential
moderately high
**********
** Methadone **
Drug Source
synthetically produced
Trade Name
Dolophine
Street Name
Dollies
Medical Uses
occasionally used for pain relief, but main use is in opioid
withdrawal treatment as a substitute drug
Drug Combinations
none
Physical Appearance
found as a fruity solution for oral use, in wafers, and tablets
also found as a injectable solution
Controlled Substance Status
Schedule II in US
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
3 - 5mg provides same pain relief as 10mg morphine
Nonmedical
rarely used non-medically, but doses used are approx. same
as medical doses
Routes Of Administration
can be injected via three routes, taken orally, unknown if
methadone can be smoked, can be sniffed
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
Oral use provides little euphoria and tends to block opioid
receptors in brain, so commonly used as a maintenance drug
during rehab.
Respiratory:
Produces little depression in contrast to morphine
Gastrointestinal:
produces constipation of less intensity than morphine
Other:
Developed by Nazi Germany during WWII as Germany was unable
to acquire adequate supplies of morphine.
Duration
first dose last approx. 8 hours and subsequent doses last 18 - 24
hours.
Dependency Potential
oral use provides little euphoria so little abuse potential in
that form. When injected, methadone give very similar effects to
morphine so has similar addiction potential.
**********
** Propoxyphene **
Drug Source
Synthetically produced with similar structure to that of methadone
Trade Name
Darvon, Darvon N
Street Name
none
Medical Uses
for relief of mild pain
Drug Combinations
Darvon compound is aspirin and propoxyphene
Physical Appearance
Darvon N as pink oval pills
Controlled Substance Status
Schedule III in US
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
range from 50mg - 150mg of hydrochloride
Nonmedical
similar to medical dose ranges.
Routes Of Administration
can be taken orally, three possible injection routes, no info
on possible intranasal or smoked administration
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
oral use provides very little euphoria, mild sedation;
at larger doses sedation becomes quite prominent and symptoms
such as staggering and slurred speech become apparent.
Respiratory:
little respiratory depression in medical dose range
Gastrointestinal:
little effect on GI tract
Other:
IV use is reported to give rush similar to heroin;
poor analgesic with standard dose providing less pain relief
than standard aspirin dose
Duration
3 - 4 hours
Dependency Potential
low
**********
** Pentazocine **
Drug Source
synthetically produced
Trade Name
Talwin
Street Name
yellow footballs
Medical Uses
for relief of moderate to moderately severe pain
Drug Combinations
Talwin NX - pentazocine and nalaxone (opioid antagonist)
Physical Appearance
usually found in orange-yellow tablets
Controlled Substance Status
Schedule III
Dosage
~~~~~~
Medical
50mg - 100mg for pain relief
Nonmedical
similar to medical dosage
Routes Of Administration
can be taken orally, three injection routes, and sniffed
possibly smoked
Short Term Use
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CNS, Behavioral, Subjective:
poor opioid, very little euphoria, mainly just sedates and
clouds mind, little recreational use
Respiratory:
less depression than morphine
Gastrointestinal:
very little constipation or nausea, vomiting occurs
Other:
as a opioid agonist/antagonist has potential to cause
psychotic effects such as hallucinations, severe confusion
Duration
3 - 4 hours
Dependency Potential
moderate potential, similar to hydrocodone
**********
Opioid Dependence And Withdrawal
Opioids have specific withdrawal and dependence characteristics
common to all opioids, varying according to the specific drug. All opioids
cause both physical and psychological dependence with prolonged use.
Depending on the opioid in question withdrawal can become evident
after continued use in as little time as 2 weeks or as long as 2 months.
Withdrawal is commonly overstated by media and tends to be similar
to bad case of flu. This is due to the fact that most opioid users don't
tend to be able to acquire enough drug to result in severe withdrawal. It
must be noted that physical symptoms may be similar to flu, psychological
symptoms can be quite painful. Depression, mood swings, hypersensitivity
to pain are some common symptoms. Opioid withdrawal DOES NOT endanger life
as does alcohol and other depressant withdrawal.
**********

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From: mmanzo@mail.sas.upenn.edu (Marco Manzo)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: FAQ list-Opioid Analgesics
Date: 29 May 1994 19:16:02 GMT
Message-ID: <2sapli$nca@netnews.upenn.edu>
As suggested in the "Hydromorphone, Oxymorphone" thread, here is a
sort of FAQ-list/summary of the opioid pain killers available in the
United States.
CATEGORY I. STRONG AGONISTS-- SEVERE PAIN
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
generic name trade name recommended duration Controlled
dosage of action substance
category
HYDROMORPHONE DILAUDID 2-4 mg. every 4-5 hours Schedule II
4-6 hours. narcotic
dosages avail: 1,2,3,4,10 mg.tabs
Parenteral (injection) 1,2,3,4 mg./mL ampules
LEVORPHANOL LEVO-DROMORAN 2-3 mg. every 4-5 hours Schedule II
6-8 hours narcotic
dosages: 2 mg. tabs; injection: 2 mg./mL
MEPERIDINE DEMEROL 50-150 mg. 2-4 hours Schedule II
every 3-4 hours narcotic
dosages: 50,100 mg. tabs;
injection: 25,50,75,100 mg. vials
METHADONE DOLOPHINE 40 mg. every 4-6 hours Schedule II
dosages: 5,10,40 mg. tabs; 24 hours; Narcotic
injection: 10 mg./mL 2.5-10 mg.injection the oral form is used
every 3-4 hours only in detoxification
programs
MORPHINE SULFATE varies: 10-30 mg. 4-5 hours Schedule II
dosages: 10,15,30 mg. tabs; every 4 hours; Narcotic
injection: 2,4,5,8,10,15 mg/mL 30 mg. controlled
release tablets
every 8-12 hours
OXYMORPHONE NUMORPHON 5 mg. supppository 3-4 hours Schedule II
dosages: 5 mg. suppos. every 4-6 hours; Narcotic
1, 1.5 mg/mL injection 1-1.5 mg. injection
every 4-6 hours.
STRONG AGONISTS FOR INJECTION ONLY:
FENTANYL SUBLIMAZE 0.05-0.1 mg. 1-1.5 hours Schedule II
dosages: 0.05 mg./mL for repeat in 2 hours Narcotic
injection if necessary
SUFENTANIL SUFENTA 1-30 micrograms/kg. Schedule II
dosages: 50 micrograms injected as needed for Narcotic
per mL in 1,2,5 mL ampules anesthesia
ALFENTANIL ALFENTA 0.5-3 micrograms/kg./minute Schedule II
dosages: 500 micrograms/mL IV infusion in balanced anesthesia
ampules for injection
CATEGORY II -- MILD TO MODERATE AGONISTS - MODERATE TO SEVERE PAIN
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GENERIC NAME TRADE NAME RECOMMENDED DURATION OF CONTROLLED
DOSAGE ACTION SUBSTANCE
CATEGORY
CODEINE SULFATE OR PHOSPHATE 15-60 mg. every 3-4 hours Schedule II
dosages: 15,30,60 mg. tablets; 4-6 hours (when combined with
30,60 mg./mL for injection acetominophen or asprin
it is a
Schedule III Narcotic)
OXYCODONE PERCODAN (with asprin)
PERCOCET (with tylenol)
dosages: 5 mg. oxycodone per tablet
5 mg. every 3-4 hours Schedule II
6 hours Narcotic
HYDROCODONE VICODIN,LORTAB 5-7 mg. every 3-4 hours Schedule III
BITARTRATE LORCET, HYDROCET 4-6 hours Narcotic
dosages: either 2.5, 5, or 7 mg.
hydrocodone with either asprin or tylenol
CATEGORY III -- WEAK AGONISTS -- MILD TO MODERATE PAIN
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GENERIC NAME TRADE NAME RECOMM. DOSAGE DURATION OF CONTROLLED
ACTION SUBSTANCE
CATEGORY
PROPOXYPHENE DARVON 50-100 mg. every 4-5 hours Schedule IV
PROPOXYPHENE 4 hours Narcotic
NAPSYLATE DARVOCET N-50
DARVOCET N-100
CATEGORY IV -- MIXED AGONISTS/ANTAGONISTS -- MODERATE TO SEVERE PAIN
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GENERIC NAME TRADE NAME RECOMM. DOSAGAE DURATION OF CONTROLLED
ACTION SUBSTANCE
CATEGORY
PENTAZOCINE TALWIN-NX 50-100 mg. 3 hours Schedule IV
dosages: 50 mg. tablets; every 3-4 hours; Narcotic
30 mg./mL in 1 and 2 mL 30 mg. injection (Pentazocine is mixed
ampules for injection every 3-4 hours with Naxolone [an opiate
antagonist] to prevent crushing
of tabs. for intravenous injection)
OTHER MIXED AGONIST-ANTAGONISTS:
BUPRENORPHINE BUPRENEX Schedule V
dosage: 0.3 mg./mL ampules for injection.
BUTORPHANOL STADOL
dosage: 1 and 2 mg./mL vials and syringes for injection
Not a controlled substance because of the strong antagonist efficacy
NALBUPHINE NUBAIN
dosage: 10 and 20 mg./mL vials and syringes for injection
Not a controlled substance because of the strong antagonist efficacy

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Newsgroups: rec.drugs.psychedelic
I had my first trip in a little over three years on New Year's eve. I
used to trip a lot, in high school and my first few years of college.
There were two main reasons why I hadn't tripped for so long: 1) about
three years ago I had some bad life experiences that left me severely
depressed, fucked up and isolated and for a while I was just trying to get
my head back together to the point of dealing with daily life. I didn't
really do any drugs for about 6 months, I was up and down all the time
without them. 2) after my mental scene was better, my social scene was
much different then it had been before. I was no longer friends with my
old druggie crowd. I started smoking grass again, occasionally, and
thought that I would maybe do psychedelics again if the opportunity ever
came again. But I didn't ever see it around.
So I was at this cool party on New Year's eve, and this weird dude with a
nosering and a hockey shirt showed up and started handing out shrooms to
everybody. I don't think I took much, just pinched some out of his bag
and chowed 'em. Maybe a gram, it seemed. I had been drinking and smoking
for a few hours already, and didn't expect to get off all so much.
A while later I noticed that the whole organization of the party had
changed, from everybody partying in one big room to lots of little groups
spread around the place. I realized that I was starting to tweak a little
and attributed other's actions to the shrooms as well. I became much more
concious of my voice, everything I said echoing back so many possible
meanings. I felt some twinges of panic and had to get away for a bit. I
went down to the basement and tried to collect my thoughts. I didn't want
to fall into any "mind traps" and it didn't take me too long to cool out
and go back up to the party. It made me remember how, many times while
tripping, I have to cross a fuzzy, awkward stage before the trip fully
takes overand I feel the enlightening effects.
The rest of the night was a blast, mostly spent listening to music in
different people's bedrooms. Crazy shit...Ravi Shankar, Coltrane,
Stravinsky. Had many deep thoughts and felt very good about myself.
Laughed a lot and made some good bonds with people, I think. In the end,
remembered how much fun it was to trip. Gotta do it again soon!!

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From: jkevin@mercury.aichem.arizona.edu (Kevin Jernigan)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: first water
Date: 27 May 1994 02:17:36 GMT
Message-ID: <2s3l80$neg@organpipe.uug.arizona.edu>
I drank water for the first time at a party last night, and it was great!!
Some of my friends who do W told me about the experience earlier, but I now
realize that it was beyond my wildest expectations. I was a little bit scared,
at first, because I heard about some of the bad side effects that it can cause.
A few people said they choked on it, and one guy said that he dribbled it all
over his clothes and got them wet. Luckily, none of these things happened to
me. They started passing glasses around to everyone and I decided to take one
The water was very clear in color. They said it was scored from a guy who got
it from a spring in Canada. I don't know whether it was really Canadian
water, but it was definitely good quality, judging by the color. I used
about 500g of it. When I put the glass up to my mouth, and swallowed, the
first sensation I felt was of something wet traveling down my throat. This
sensation started before I had even removed the glass from my mouth. I was
able to acheive the same feeling again, by taking another swallow. As the
trip progressed, I noticed several other things. The W produced a state of
mind that I believe could best be described as a lack of thirst. The trip
didn't last for very long, but I think that it would be safe to say that
the experience gave me some important insights into my consciousness.
Chief among these, is the realization that water can relieve thirst.
- Kevin
--
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
! !
! Kevin AC. Jernigan "It is my weakness and my !
! absurdity to want to write !
!jkevin@mercury.aichem at any cost, and to express !
! myself." !
! 3331 E. Kleindale blvd. # 5 !
! Tucson, AZ 85716 -Antonin Artaud !
! !
! (602) 881-5069 !
! !
! !
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Acid
When Pink Floyd went on tour in April of 1994, I had a chance to see
them in Houston Tx. A friend of mine gave me some acid and said "don't
worry, it's real good, no strictnine or nothing." So I took it. I
never ,in a million years ,would have thought the acid was that good. I
saw a van full of midgets at the main gate of Rice stadium. Then when I
got inside and actually saw Pink Floyd I lost it. My friend and I just
stood there, paying homage to the immortal Floyd. At one point I
started crying just because it was the happiest moment of my life, Then
the pigs fell

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I was busted once for smoking dope... here is the story..
me and a friend of mine were in the back of a Medical Shipping building,
smoking some weed. it was his like 3rd time toking up. so, we are
sitting there on the loading dock passin the erlenmyer flask bong I made
in science class. after about 10 minutes of tokin, I saw a cop coming
around the cornere of the parking lot and yelled "PIG, RUN" we took of
runnin towards the front, around the other side of the building. the cop
flew around and drove up onto the grass, jumped out of his car and
started chasing us. I was about 50 feet ahead of my friend, and the cop
was about 50 feet behind him. We were runnin straight for a forest, so we
could hopefully ditch the pig. Luckily, why we were running, my friend
dropped the dope. so, I get into the forest, and turn around to see my
friend trip in a pothole, he gets up and takes off running again, but,
the cop tackled him. I stayed in the bushes and watched as my friend was
getting cuffed.. I then realized that his mom knew he was with me, and I
would have got busted either way, so I turned myself in. I walked out of
the forest and said "Uhhh, officer, I give up ( I was stoned outta my
mind)" when, he swung around and whipped out his gun.. pointing it at me,
he yelled "get the fuck on the ground" so, after he cuffed us both, 3
more units showed up and searched for the dope my friend dropped. they
found it, luckily we smoked most of it and there was only a dimebag left.
so, we got hauled to the station.. they asked us a bunch of questions,
like where we got the weed from.. I didn't say anything, and my friend
said he forgot who he bought it from.. so, after they gave up on us.. we
called are parents and went home.. to this day, I am on probation for
other shit, but still smoke dope, even tho I got a drug test a 1:00p,
12-12-95, which is actually in about 9 1/2 hours, and my friend is still
smokin dope to this day!!!!!
--
L8erz...
-=- BuDz -=-

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From: driver@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Steve Dillinger)
Subject: Inhaling Freon = Dont
Message-ID: <driver.737433084@merle>
Date: Sat, 15 May 1993 02:31:24 GMT
I 'heard' in college that inhaling Freon gave a similar buzz
to Nitrous. So, I tried it.
For about 2 seconds I had a small buzz. Then my vision became
very very distorted. My depth perception went wild. A wall about 5 feet
from me seemed like it moved from 2 inches from me to 100 miles from me
every second. Then my heart started beating like wild. As I collapsed
to the floor I managed to gasp out- "get an ambulance..." This all
lasted about as long as a nitrous balloon would- say 15-20 seconds.
I tell you it scared the shit out of me. I would sooner drink
gasoline than do that again.
So, if you ever 'hear' its cool, trust me, its not.
Steve Dillinger
driver@merle.acns.nwu.edu

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From: driver@merle.acns.nwu.edu (Steve Dillinger)
Subject: Inhaling Freon = Dont
Message-ID: <driver.737433084@merle>
Date: Sat, 15 May 1993 02:31:24 GMT
I 'heard' in college that inhaling Freon gave a similar buzz
to Nitrous. So, I tried it.
For about 2 seconds I had a small buzz. Then my vision became
very very distorted. My depth perception went wild. A wall about 5 feet
from me seemed like it moved from 2 inches from me to 100 miles from me
every second. Then my heart started beating like wild. As I collapsed
to the floor I managed to gasp out- "get an ambulance..." This all
lasted about as long as a nitrous balloon would- say 15-20 seconds.
I tell you it scared the shit out of me. I would sooner drink
gasoline than do that again.
So, if you ever 'hear' its cool, trust me, its not.
Steve Dillinger
driver@merle.acns.nwu.edu

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From: ase@genesis.nred.ma.us (Andrew Ettinger)
Subject: GABA, gamma amino butyric acid
Message-ID: <CLx6K8.44z@genesis.nred.ma.us>
Date: Mon, 28 Feb 1994 05:43:17 GMT
I read about GABA in _Prescription for Nutritional Healing_, an excellent
info source on amino acids and herbs. Very plainly written. I recommend
it highly. There's a section on Smart drugs, for those so inclined
GABA has been prescribed as a non-addictive alternative to Valium and
such, in combination with Inositol and B-3. Being strung about 20% too
high, I figured I'd give it a try. First thing I obeserved? It's costly
in the dosages recommended by the book. I found a place to order the
GABA, inositol, and B-3 seperately, reducing daily dosage cost to about
$2. No way I'm packing capsules, so I just pop 2 GABA (900 mil), 2 B-3
(1 gram), and about 2 ts of inositol (2 grams or so) The numbers seem
large, but the book recommends this twice a day.
Results: Plenty of chill. I seem less annoyed by shit. I sleep like a
log, and (?!) remember my dreams. A book on Lucid Dreaming should be an
interesting experiment to run concurrently. Combined wiht Pot? I dunno,
I smoke infrequently. Alcohol seems slightly magnified.
A buddy of mine takes a lesser dosage of GABA in combination with a
medium dose of antioxidants, per the same book, as a Smart drug. He
reports quicker on-your-feet thinking. 'Course, his story is as anecdotal
as mine.
A posting here regarding addictive properties and long-range probs with
this regimen netted only one reply, by a guy who sounded reasonable, but
called himself a generalist and said he was not a pharmacist or chemist.
He thought GABA might have some addictive qualities because (I'm fuzzy on
the exact wording) a chemical similarity to Xanax, the prescription tranq.
Any comments or suggestions? If you experiment with this regimen, post
back to me on your experiences, willya? I'm way curious. Thanks!
-Andy
ase@genesis.nred.ma.us

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This is copied w/out permission from the book Plants of the Gods:
(Schultes/Hoffman)<- yes, the Hoffman
Kaempferia galanga is used as an hallucinogen in New Guinea. Throughout the
range of this species, the highly aromatic rhizome is valued as a spice to
flavor rice, and also in folk medicine as an expectorant and carminative.
A tea of the leaves is employed for sore throat, swellings, rheumatism,
and eye infections. In Malaysia, the plant was added to the arrow poison
prepared from Antians toxicaria.
This short-stemmed herb has flat-spreading, green, round leaves measuring
3-6 in. (8-15 cm) across. The white flowers (with a purple spot on the lip),
which are fugacious, appear singly in the center of the plant and attain
approximately 1 in. (2 1/2 cm) in breadth.
Beyond the high content of essential oil in the rhizome, little is known of the
chemistry of the plant. Hallucinogenic activity might possibly be due to
constituents of the essential oils.
another place in the book said this:
common names:
Galanga
Maraba
There are vague reports that Galanga is employed as an hallucinogen in New
Guinea.
The highly aromatic rhizome is valued locally as a condiment, a tea from the
leaves is employed in folk medicine.
Please let us know what you find out if you try this.
p.s.
I would not try this, although it appears the natives eat it to flavor
their rice, so it is probably safe to try.
->- Chris Hooten (chooten@atlas.sdsu.edu)
===========================================================================
>I've bought powdered galanga (or galangal) at oriental markets and
>"fancy gourmet imports" shops, and used it as a spice. It tastes
>something like ginger, very nice.
Yes well after reading the thread on Friday, I went straight to my local
asian shop and asked for "Tom Yum" curry, the little asian chappy said
"Orrr Yaaaa, we have, we have" and promptly lead me to a shelf with various
Tom Yum products. After peering at them for a while, I could not find any curry.
So I set about reading through the ingrediants on the packets. Sure enough all
of them contained "Galanga", so I began to ponder which of them had it in the
highest concentration, when all of a sudden I noticed that the little asian
chappy had been watching me reading all the contents on the packets.
He came over to me and said.
"You wan Galanga, righh?"
"Yaaas Yaaas", I said, and followed his scurrying pace down to the back of the
shop where he revealed a shelf full of the stuff.
There was at least seven different brands, all of them offering either powdered
or chopped roots. Some of them where only sliced into 5mil thick round slices.
(Obviously designed for major consumption I thought!)
Anyway, I grabbed a big bag of powder (for 67 cents) and took it up to the
cash register. The asian chappy chuckled and said:
"Have a goo Evenin - heh heh heh"
When I got Home I promptly made up some rice and put a heaped tablespoon of the
stuff into it. It is highly aromatic, but its taste is quite mild even at the
"heaped tablespoon" level.
I started to feel light headed almost straight away! At first I thought It was
a sort of stonedness, but there seems to be a suttle difference. The best way
I can describe it is that it gives your eyes a sort of "Trippa-Vision" similar
to the effects of LSD a day after you have taken it. But the effects on the
mind are harder to define. "Liteheaded" is about the closest word for describing
it. It seems to shut down distractive thought, as does MJ, but there is a lack
of the mellow feeling which is associated with MJ. There is more of a harshness
to it, and of course, it is nowhere near the intensity!
A few days later, I doubled, then trippled the dosage. But The circumstances
underwhich It was taken made close analysis difficult. Suffice to say that there
seemed to be a distinct tolerence built up when taken on successive days.
Anyway by the look of how much is left in the packet, there will definitly be
more experimentation on my part.
Morgoth.
===========================================================================
After reading the postings of experiences concerning Galanga, I went down to
the local asian grocery, and asked the clerk about the root. I got a
similar response to other people's stories... The clerk grinned, laughed,
and led me to the Galanga. They did not have powdered galanga, just the
root, so I bought two oz. and ground it myself, using a coffee grinder.
I mixed about 1/4 cup in a cup of OJ and downed it. I noticed very little
effect, but I seemed a little anxious and irritable. It was so slight that
I almost suspect it was a placebo effect. However, starting about an
hour later and lasting nearly a day, I was wired. I felt very vibrant
and energetic. Sort of like a large dose of caffine without the shakes
and negative effects.
Kinda fun, I guess. I hesitate to think of it as a "drug". I guess I re
cannot be certain whether or not the exerience was truely
attributable to the galanga or not, but I plan to try it on a regular
basis.
qpoirqpowurqpouwrpowurpowurpoquwrouwqepoiuwqepourwopurqpouwroiuwrwuwqrwourwru
d _Jim_Evans_of_The_University_of_Washington_ r
r Cows are beautiful, sincere and sacred. Kiss a cow and be a good citizen. e
eqweiourqwpourqwpoiuropwurpowuropwurowquropwqiuropiwquropwquropiwuropwqowuruw
=============================================================================
From: dead@netcom.com (John Anderson)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Galanga Injestion
Message-ID: <deadCGxLMC.5xH@netcom.com>
Date: 23 Nov 93 06:20:35 GMT
Mistakedly, I replied to the original poster of this thread through email
(via anon.penet.fi). I am now posting my reply to his question
concerning galanga. Here goes:
---------------------------------------
> I eat galanga all the time. I was first introduced to it when I started
> getting into Thai cooking. Galanga (also called "Laos") is used
> extensively as a spice throughout Tropical Asia.
>
> Forget the dried or powdered stuff, get fresh! It is available in Asian
> grocerys all over Dallas, so it can't be that hard to come by. It looks
> much like ginger with a translucent skin. It costs around 2.50 to 6.00
> dollars a pound, and that goes a LONG way - it's potent!
>
> I often make a spicy chicken soup, and through in about 10 slices of the
> fresh stuff (the receipe calls for 5). It's DEFINITELY psychoactive! I
> experience quite a buzz within 10 minutes of finishing a bowl. I agree,
> it's somewhat like marijuana - but I really like it. I make the soup
> often for friends and all have experienced the buzz - some quite
>intensely.
Excellent, thanks for the tip. I had some last night in my rice, but I
didn't use quite enough for the effects to be noticable. For me it takes
about two heaped tablespoons to get the effect. (into a cup of rice)
Unfortunately any more than this and it gets too strong to eat!
> If anyone's interested, I post the receipe (apart from the psychoactive
> properties it's quite delicious!)
Yes do that! I'm sure there would be heaps of interested parties,
including
myself <-;
> One final note: I have found other interesting things in Asian grocery
> stores, like betel nuts (including FRESH frozen ones at one store),
> assorted inhalents, and bizzare bottled herb & vitamin drinks.
Inhalents?? interesting, I have noticed all the herb drinks but never
thought much about them. Ever tried any?
-----------------------------------------------
Well, the inhalents are not as exciting. They're all pungent smelling
concoctions based on volatile oils like camphor or eucalyptus.
Like I said, I'll post the galanga soup reciepe as soon as I get a chance
to dig it up. There's also a file on galanga at ftp.hmc.edu.
-John
--
dead@netcom.com
=============================================================================
Message-ID: <140302Z17121993@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an41618@anon.penet.fi
Date: Fri, 17 Dec 1993 13:54:34 UTC
Subject: Galanga "trip" I finally got round to buying some galanga yesterday
UKP 1.60 per pound). Got home and chopped up about 2oz of the stuff (after
peeling) and wanting to keep an empty stomach (just in case :) simply fried it
gently in oil before eating it. I rapidly came to regret this decision - it
tastes more than anything like pine sap with quite a woody texture. Yuk.
About half an hour after finally forcing it down I had to catch a bus.
Standing by a main road in the dark I realised that the headlights were
building up strange trails - the "morning after tripping" comparison seemed a
good one. Felt quite mellow - like a voice whispering "Go on, relax..." but
not forcing it. Faint but definite physical tingles - plus, galanga's
comparable in heat to fresh ginger, and my stomach may well have felt strange
due to that.
Some two and a half hours in things were getting better. All physical
symptoms had subsided and I could get "acid lights" to come on by staring at
something for four or five seconds, with comparable distortions to, say half
an average trip (maybe 50-60ug). My resistance to dope was very high, as when
tripping, and I felt myself in a good mood, smiling bemusedly at people rather
than talk to them.
I was still "up" nearly six hours after dropping and a goodish amount of
dope. Eight fingers of scotch later this didn't seem to be a problem any more;
I staggered off to bed feeling rather pissed and got to sleep fairly easily
(c.1.30 am). Trails were pretty good last night; they've now faded. I'm tired
(5.5 hours sleep) and slightly disoriented (and not inclined to work much) but
otherwise ok.
Summary: All the above for about 60 cents, so one can hardly complain. I
intend to try it with acid - the dope resistance could get irritating if one
wished to get stoned. Galanga more lived up to my (fairly low) expectations.
Hope that helps.
M.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Kaempferia galanga is used as an hallucinogen in New Guinea. Throughout the
range of this species, the highly aromatic rhizome is valued as a spice to
flavor rice, and also in folk medicine as an expectorant and carminative.
A tea of the leaves is employed for sore throat, swellings, rheumatism,
and eye infections. In Malaysia, the plant was added to the arrow poison
prepared from Antians toxicaria.
This short-stemmed herb has flat-spreading, green, round leaves measuring
3-6 in. (8-15 cm) across. The white flowers (with a purple spot on the lip),
which are fugacious, appear singly in the center of the plant and attain
approximately 1 in. (2 1/2 cm) in breadth.
Beyond the high content of essential oil in the rhizome, little is known of the
chemistry of the plant. Hallucinogenic activity might possibly be due to
constituents of the essential oils.
another place said this:
common names:
Galanga
Maraba
There are vague reports that Galanga is employed as an hallucinogen in New
Guinea.
The highly aromatic rhizome is valued locally as a condiment, a tea from the
leaves is employed in folk medicine.
===========================================================================
>I've bought powdered galanga (or galangal) at oriental markets and
>"fancy gourmet imports" shops, and used it as a spice. It tastes
>something like ginger, very nice.
Yes well after reading the thread on Friday, I went straight to my local
asian shop and asked for "Tom Yum" curry, the little asian chappy said
"Orrr Yaaaa, we have, we have" and promptly lead me to a shelf with various
Tom Yum products. After peering at them for a while, I could not find any curry.
So I set about reading through the ingrediants on the packets. Sure enough all
of them contained "Galanga", so I began to ponder which of them had it in the
highest concentration, when all of a sudden I noticed that the little asian
chappy had been watching me reading all the contents on the packets.
He came over to me and said.
"You wan Galanga, righh?"
"Yaaas Yaaas", I said, and followed his scurrying pace down to the back of the
shop where he revealed a shelf full of the stuff.
There was at least seven different brands, all of them offering either powdered
or chopped roots. Some of them where only sliced into 5mil thick round slices.
(Obviously designed for major consumption I thought!)
Anyway, I grabbed a big bag of powder (for 67 cents) and took it up to the
cash register. The asian chappy chuckled and said:
"Have a goo Evenin - heh heh heh"
When I got Home I promptly made up some rice and put a heaped tablespoon of the
stuff into it. It is highly aromatic, but its taste is quite mild even at the
"heaped tablespoon" level.
I started to feel light headed almost straight away! At first I thought It was
a sort of stonedness, but there seems to be a suttle difference. The best way
I can describe it is that it gives your eyes a sort of "Trippa-Vision" similar
to the effects of LSD a day after you have taken it. But the effects on the
mind are harder to define. "Liteheaded" is about the closest word for describing
it. It seems to shut down distractive thought, as does MJ, but there is a lack
of the mellow feeling which is associated with MJ. There is more of a harshness
to it, and of course, it is nowhere near the intensity!
A few days later, I doubled, then trippled the dosage. But The circumstances
underwhich It was taken made close analysis difficult. Suffice to say that there
seemed to be a distinct tolerence built up when taken on successive days.
Anyway by the look of how much is left in the packet, there will definitly be
more experimentation on my part.
===========================================================================
After reading the postings of experiences concerning Galanga, I went down to
the local asian grocery, and asked the clerk about the root. I got a
similar response to other people's stories... The clerk grinned, laughed,
and led me to the Galanga. They did not have powdered galanga, just the
root, so I bought two oz. and ground it myself, using a coffee grinder.
I mixed about 1/4 cup in a cup of OJ and downed it. I noticed very little
effect, but I seemed a little anxious and irritable. It was so slight that
I almost suspect it was a placebo effect. However, starting about an
hour later and lasting nearly a day, I was wired. I felt very vibrant
and energetic. Sort of like a large dose of caffine without the shakes
and negative effects.
Kinda fun, I guess. I hesitate to think of it as a "drug". I guess I re
cannot be certain whether or not the exerience was truely
attributable to the galanga or not, but I plan to try it on a regular
basis.
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
> I eat galanga all the time. I was first introduced to it when I started
> getting into Thai cooking. Galanga (also called "Laos") is used
> extensively as a spice throughout Tropical Asia.
>
> Forget the dried or powdered stuff, get fresh! It is available in Asian
> grocerys all over Dallas, so it can't be that hard to come by. It looks
> much like ginger with a translucent skin. It costs around 2.50 to 6.00
> dollars a pound, and that goes a LONG way - it's potent!
>
> I often make a spicy chicken soup, and through in about 10 slices of the
> fresh stuff (the receipe calls for 5). It's DEFINITELY psychoactive! I
> experience quite a buzz within 10 minutes of finishing a bowl. I agree,
> it's somewhat like marijuana - but I really like it. I make the soup
> often for friends and all have experienced the buzz - some quite
>intensely.
Excellent, thanks for the tip. I had some last night in my rice, but I
didn't use quite enough for the effects to be noticable. For me it takes
about two heaped tablespoons to get the effect. (into a cup of rice)
Unfortunately any more than this and it gets too strong to eat!
> If anyone's interested, I post the receipe (apart from the psychoactive
> properties it's quite delicious!)
Yes do that! I'm sure there would be heaps of interested parties,
including
myself <-;
> One final note: I have found other interesting things in Asian grocery
> stores, like betel nuts (including FRESH frozen ones at one store),
> assorted inhalents, and bizzare bottled herb & vitamin drinks.
Inhalents?? interesting, I have noticed all the herb drinks but never
thought much about them. Ever tried any?
-----------------------------------------------
Well, the inhalents are not as exciting. They're all pungent smelling
concoctions based on volatile oils like camphor or eucalyptus.
Like I said, I'll post the galanga soup reciepe as soon as I get a chance
to dig it up. There's also a file on galanga at ftp.hmc.edu.
=============================================================================
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
UKP 1.60 per pound). Got home and chopped up about 2oz of the stuff (after
peeling) and wanting to keep an empty stomach (just in case :) simply fried it
gently in oil before eating it. I rapidly came to regret this decision - it
tastes more than anything like pine sap with quite a woody texture. Yuk.
About half an hour after finally forcing it down I had to catch a bus.
Standing by a main road in the dark I realised that the headlights were
building up strange trails - the "morning after tripping" comparison seemed a
good one. Felt quite mellow - like a voice whispering "Go on, relax..." but
not forcing it. Faint but definite physical tingles - plus, galanga's
comparable in heat to fresh ginger, and my stomach may well have felt strange
due to that.
Some two and a half hours in things were getting better. All physical
symptoms had subsided and I could get "acid lights" to come on by staring at
something for four or five seconds, with comparable distortions to, say half
an average trip (maybe 50-60ug). My resistance to dope was very high, as when
tripping, and I felt myself in a good mood, smiling bemusedly at people rather
than talk to them.
I was still "up" nearly six hours after dropping and a goodish amount of
dope. Eight fingers of scotch later this didn't seem to be a problem any more;
I staggered off to bed feeling rather pissed and got to sleep fairly easily
(c.1.30 am). Trails were pretty good last night; they've now faded. I'm tired
(5.5 hours sleep) and slightly disoriented (and not inclined to work much) but
otherwise ok.
Summary: All the above for about 60 cents, so one can hardly complain. I
intend to try it with acid - the dope resistance could get irritating if one
wished to get stoned. Galanga more lived up to my (fairly low) expectations.
Hope that helps.

171
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From: burchell@cats.ucsc.edu (Jeff Burchell)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Hydroponic Garden Plans.
Date: 21 May 1994 02:20:13 GMT
Message-ID: <2rjr4t$2ad@darkstar.UCSC.EDU>
I wrote this one up last night... someone wanna stick it in the archives?
-----------------------------------------------------
- How to Build Your Own Nomadic, Hydroponic Garden -
- On a Limited Budget -
-----------------------------------------------------
Written, Maintained and posted occasionally to rec.gardens and alt.hemp
by Jeff Burchell (burchell@cats.ucsc.edu)
Introduction:
These are plans to make a fairly portable, and very inexpensive
water culture (advanced hydroponic) system. These plans only
explain how to make the garden itself, and do _not_ explain how
to use/maintain it. If you plan on using this garden, you should
get yourself a good book on hydroponics, and look it over
(especially the parts about what nutrient solutions to use, your
garden vareity Miracle-Gro won't do the trick).
Disclaimer:
I am intentionally leaving out those parts about plant
nutrition, light cycles, etc. so as not to appear to be writing
a guidebook for growing marijuana. It is also to make you seek
out _another_ source of information so your knowlege of
hydroponics comes from more than just this file. I do not grow
marijuana, and never have. I'm just a high-tech home gardener
with information to share. If you are caught growing marijuana
while using the system described herein, don't even think of
running to me, I didn't tell you to grow marijuana. In fact,
I'd suggest planting a crop of cherry tomatoes, which can be
fooled into producing fruit indoors year round, and is a very
easy plant to start hydroponics with.
Materials:
1 5-10 gallon bucket
2 Pieces of PVC or ABS pipe, 8-10" long, 5" or greater diameter.
4 Caps for PVC/APS pipe ends.
1 waterpump capable of about 50 Gallons Per Hour (you will need
a bigger pump if you choose to make this a larger system)
4' of hose that will fit the waterpump (often 3/8")
1 TEE joint (or Y-splitter) that fits the water hose
4 clamps for the water hose (one for pump to hose, and 3 for
hoses to TEE fitting.)
1 Airpump, airstone, and some airline from a fish tank.
1 Can White epoxy based spray paint
1 Can Black Epoxy based spray paint
1. Everything must be made light tight. Paint all hoses, the
bucket, the PVC/ABS (which will be called PVC from now on)
and the lid of the bucket with a layer of black paint. Let
it dry overnight, and then cover it with a layer of white
paint (to make it reflective, and reduce the temperature of
the nutrient solution).
2. Take each of PVC pieces and drill a 1" hole in the side,
about one inch from the end. Then epoxy the caps onto the
ends of the PVC.
3. Drill the inlet/outlet holes (these should be located on the
caps of the PVC), See diagram
+------ 1" hole
V here
------------------------------ ----
Outlet ---> | |
hole | |
| |
| | <-- inlet
------------------------------------ hole
The inlet hole should be as low as possible (as close to the
wall of the PVC), and the outlet hole should be as high as
possible)
4. Now cut two 5" holes in the sides of the bucket (close to the
top), and epoxy the PVC in place, so about 2" of pipe (and
the outlet hole) are inside the bucket, and the 1" hole is
facing straight up.
_ _____|_ _|_____ _
(_________ _________) <- inlet hole
| |
| |
| | <-Bucket
|======|
5. Place the airstone in the bottom of the bucket, and find a
place for the airpump. If you are planning an indoor garden,
with enriched CO2 in the air, then the pump should be OUTSIDE
of your enclosure. The idea of the pump is to dissolve
oxygen into the nutrient solution, and not to dissolve CO2.
CO2 can kill rootsystems. If you are growing outside, or not
enriching CO2, then the pump can sit anywhere.
6. Place the waterpump in the bottom of the bucket (assuming it
is a submersible one) and attach a hose to it. long enough to
reach the top of the bucket. Cut a hole in the lid of the
bucket for this hose to go through. Then attach the TEE
fitting to the hose. Now attach hoses to the free ends of
the TEE, and run them to the inlet holes on the end of the
PVC pipes. Use clamps on the TEE fitting and on the pump
itself, but use epoxy to attach the hoses to the PVC. This
seal must be completely water tight. Let them dry for 24
hours.
7. Put some water in the bucket and turn on the pump. What
should happen is the PVC pieces will fill with water, and
then when they are full, they should begin to continuously
drain out the outlet holes, and back into the bucket. If you
are getting leaks anywhere, fix them immedately. If water is
coming out of the 1" hole on the top of the pipe, then either
your pump is too strong, or your outlet hole is too small.
Fix one or the other.
8. Empty the system (hint, remove the hose from the pump to
drain the arms), and replace the water with some form of
hydroponic nutrient solution (look in a hydroponics book for
details on what exactly to use, or visit a gardening store,
and ask)
9. Place your plants into the system. The best way I have
found to do this is to take a 1 1/8" garden hose and cut a
1" tube off of one end. Then slit the tube down one side.
Wrap the stem of your plant (just above the roots) with
polyester fluff (available at aquarium stores, for stuffing
into external water filters) and then wrap the garden hose
around the fluff. Then force the hose into the hole at the
top of the PVC arm. People also have used rubber stoppers.
10. Turn on the air/water pumps, and let your garden grow.
Comments:
This is obviously just a small setup, but these plans can
easily be modified for much larger systems, using longer pieces
of PVC, or more than one pair of arms, and a larger bucket to
hold the nutrients (I've seen one made with a 55 gallon drum,
and 8 seperate arms, each holding 4 plants)
I personally use this setup indoors (under a skylight in my
apartment) to grow 2 cherry tomato plants. What you do with
your own garden is your own business, and Obviously I can't be
held responsible if you choose to grow anything illegal.
Starting Seeds:
This system is not for seeds. Either purchase small plants, or
start your seeds in a pan of vermiculite, flooded with 1/2
strength hydroponic nutrient fluid. When they are about 4-6
inches tall, they are ready to be moved to the system. Remove
them gently from the vermiculite, using clean water to get
every last chunk off of the roots. Then wrap the stems in
polyester fluff and garden hose (see above)
--
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jeff Burchell burchell@cats.ucsc.edu toxic@phantom.com
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Once, somewhere in Southern Germany, my friends and I consumed purple haze
by smoking it in a water pipe and drank dried psilocybin mushrooms in a
herbal tea. We then proceeded to have a barbeque outside of our downtown
dorm in an old rustic courtyard built almost 300 years ago. An old German
woman cried out haggardly from a neighboring courtyard window something in
German that it was forbidden to grill in the courtyard because of the
horrendous smell it would give off (this was amazing because we were
cooking GERMAN sausages). I responded to this old woman in the usual
sarcastic, but quiet and collective, tone that she should just go ahead
and call the police, if she didn't have anything better to do with her
time than to make young peoples' lives miserable. Well, she did. We lived
just around the corner from the Polizei station, which also had windows
facing into the courtyard. The commander of this police branch had heard
everything from his window, as it turned out, and came out of the police
station about 10 minutes later.
As he was pacing across the courtyard to the other side to the car (just
20m away from our bbq grill), the old woman in the window screamed out to
him about us grilling in the courtyard to which the commander responded
that it was not forbidden for us to grill there, IF we had met all the
regulations for grilling in a courtyard. They exchanged a few rows with
each other and the commander said that he would deal with the situation
promptly.
We, as American exchange students in Germany, had no idea what regulations
needed to be met, and our German friends there weren't much help either.
We just wanted to eat our Wurst and drink a beer in peace and enjoy the
weather and sparse garden in the courtyard. He then came over to us and
began to question us in a secret service style: "Name? Wo wohnen Sie? Was
studieren Sie?" To which, we all answered honestly, but with not a little
fear. He then proceeded to tell us about all the rules and regulations for
grilling in a small downtown courtyard (water source within 20m or so,
bucket of sand, and grill 20m or so away from any cars or flammable
materials; all of which was built into the courtyard as part of the fire
department regulations, it turned out) and warned us not to be too loud or
too long with it.
After some time, we offered him a Wurst on a roll with mustard, to which
he kindly refused, but he did decide to take us up on our offer of good
German beer. He drank his beer with us for about 20 minutes and told us
about his family and his student days, reminisced about his travels to
California and the Grand Canyon. I knew the whole time that he knew we
were tripping off of our kites, but also noticed that he didn't give a
damn. His parting words were these, "Enjoy it now while you're young and
keep your cool about things, or else you will turn out to be like that old
bitch in the window up there." He then got into his police car and headed
out towards somewhere. We ate our Wurst, smiled up at the old woman in the
window as we were leaving (she continued to watch us the whole time we
grilled), and then went down into an old cellar which is sound proof,
turned on the Doors at full volume, smoked some more weed, turned off the
glaring overhead flourescent light and arranged small candles on the floor
and acted like we were airplanes landing on a runway. We danced a little,
talked a lot, and we didn't hurt anyone. Well, I guess not anyone, except
the pride of the old bitch who didn't get her way.
I have met him several times walking out of my dorm and always stopped and
chatted with him a little. To my surprise, I learned that I was actually
dating his German daughter! We ended up marrying and he showed me the
ropes on how to get a German license for legally growing marijuana at
home. Now we are all happy.
(Warning: many folks say that drinking alcohol with psilocybin mushrooms
can be dangerous. We knew this, and adjusted our drinking of beer to only
0.5 liters per person. The rest of the time we drank water and herbal tea
and basically did the things that healthy young people do. This story is
full of truth and embellishment, so don't believe everything you read.)

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From: spedge@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Mary Ann Mertens)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Gingko Biloba
Date: 29 Oct 1993 01:54:58 GMT
Message-ID: <2apt5iINNfac@uwm.edu>
From article <mcu5j9INNl7l@exodus.Eng.Sun.COM>, by james@cadillac.Eng.Sun.COM Jack Mahanglin, Esq.:
> I've been taking Gingko as a vitamin supplement and have noticed a marked
> increase in the level of intensity I am able to think. It's supposed to
> be a "smart" drug, but I didn't realize the effects were so apparent. Supposedly,
From Smart Drugs and Nutrients:
GINKGO BILOBA: A Nootropic Herb?
Ginkgo biloba is the oldest species of tree known, dating back 300 years.
Extracts from the leaves of the ginkgo biloba tree have been used by Chin-
ese medicine for thousands of years. European physicians write over 1.2
million prescriptions per month for it. Ginkgo biloba is used to improve
cerebral circulation, mental alertness, and overall brain functioning.
More than 34 human studies on ginkgo have been published since 1975, show-
ing that ginkgo works by increasing blood flow throughout the body and
brain. Ginkgo increases the productions of adenosine triphosphate (ATP,
the universal energy molecule). It also improves the brain's ability to
metabolize glucose, prevents platelet aggregation inside arterial walls by
keeping them flexible, improves the transmission of nerve signals, and
acts as a powerful antioxidant.
Ginkgo biloba leaf is effective for people with symptoms of reduced blood
flow to the brain and extremities. It has been shown to be helpful with
many of the complaints of the elderly such as: memory loss, slow thinking
and reasoning, depression, dizziness, ringing in the ears, headaches, and
senile macular degeneration (a major cause of blindness).
One study even shows significant improvement in people who have both Park-
ingson's and Alzheimer's disease. In this study 25 people w/ Parkingson's
disease and signs of Alzheimer's disease were given ginkgo extract daily
for one year. They were tested with standard tests, clinical evaluations,
and a new computerized EEG. The scores improved significantly.
CITE: Funfgeld, E.W. "A natural and broad spectrum nootropic substance
treatment of SDAT - the gingko biloba extract".
from Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, 1989, 317
(pp 1247-1260)
One study does not prove that Gingko biloba is efficacious in the treatment
of these diseases. However, ginkgo is safe, inexpensive and easily obtain-
ed, and people with Parkingsons and/or Alzheimer's might consider experi-
menting with it.
PRECAUTIONS: No negative effects have been reported in the literature even
in very large quantities.
DOSAGE: Most research has been done with a gingko biloba extract which con-
tained a 24% concentration of flavinoid extract. At this strength, the
usual dosage is 120-160mg per day taken in three divided doses. However,
many gingko products are lower in potency, and may require dosages as high
as 1000mg per day. Three to six months is probably needed to evaluate the
results.
Your welcome. Buy the book, (and their sequal, smart drugs II):
"Smart Drugs and Nutrients" by Ward Dean & John Morgenthaler (1990)
ISBN# 0-9627418-9-2 ($12.95)
"Smart Drugs II" by Ward Dean / John Morgenthaler / Steven Wm. Fowkes (1993)
ISBN# 0-9627418-7-6 ($14.95)
SD2 covers totally different material than the first book:
Deprenyl, Melatonin, Milacemide, Nimodipine, Phosphatidylserine,
Pregnenolone, Ondansetron and Zatosetron.
The first book has almost everything else you've ever heard of:
Pyrrolidone types (Piracetam, Oxiracetam), Hydergine, Vasopressin,
Fipexide, Vinopocetine, Acetyl-L-Carnitine, Centrophenoxine,
Choline, AL721, DHEA, DMAE, Gerovital GH-3, Ginkgo, Ginseng,
Idebenone (CoQ10), Phenytoin (dilantin), Inderal, Vincamine, etc.
(and yes, I know Ginkgo is spelled "gingko" a dozen times in the above
transcript - sue me, I was baked)

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From: mrosing@igc.org
Date: 21 Sep 91 16:36:00 GMT
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Hemp Growers Guide (and comments)
[some comments deleted for brevity -cak]
Gorrila Growers Guide
(for beginners)
The purpose of this guide is to help beginners supply
themselves with hemp using standard items from hardware stores. If
enough people grow their own, trafficking in hemp will be eliminated
and quality will greatly improve.
To start you need a small space - a closet roughly
60x150x200 cm (that's 2x5x6 ft for the archaic). Cover the walls,
ceiling and doors with aluminized mylar (if you can find it) or
aluminum foil, shiny side out. This saves light for the plants,
ideally, the only light absorber in the room is plant. (Mirror tiles
are an option for the really rich).
The next step is to put lights in the room. Fluorescents
are the cheapest and most readily available. Shop light holders will
hold two 120 cm (4 ft) bulbs. Each bulb is rated at 40 watts. 5 sets
of shop lights will give 5 or 6 plants enough light for good results.
That's a total of 10 bulbs or 400 watts. The type of bulb does not
really matter, wide-spectrum grow bulbs if you can get them are great
but regular shop lights work fine.
If the closet is already warm, some ventilation is required.
Space under the door and an equivelent 10 square cm (~4 sq in) hole
out the top of the closet is adequate. Alternatively, you can leave
the door open a couple of cm and put aluminum foil along the wall near
the door to prevent too much light leak. Do not let the room
temperature get over 35 C (95 F) as this hurts growth. Optimal
temperature is 27-30 C (80-86 F). Less than 21 C (70 F) is too cold
for good growth.
Vertically mounting the lights is best as this provides
light to the entire plant. Putting one in each corner and one over
head will also work well. Use bricks or 2x4's to raise the lamps off
the floor, or use the hangers to hold the shop lights up on the wall.
If you know how, buy sockets, boxes and 3 wire cable (14
gauge or better) and build an extension cord for all the shop lights.
The boxes can also sit on the platforms holding the lights up or can
be tied up above the floor. If you have a water accident you don't
want your electrical components to be involved - it could kill you.
If you don't know how and don't have any friends who do then buy the 3
ft extension cords with 3 sockets on the end. Use one socket to plug
in the shop light and another for the next extension cord.
The reason for doing all this is for the timer you'll need
to put on the lights and because most shop lights only come with a 6
inch cord. Once your room is set up it should seem BRIGHT since the
walls are all mirrors.
Now we come to the planting. Rockwool is the best medium
but is not universally available. Potting soil mixed with pearlite,
lava, sand or styrofoam in a 50% soil - 50% lava (or whatever) works
best. Hemp grows best in sandy or loose soil, the roots need lots of
air as well as water. For detailed instructions get a book (see High
Times ads), but hemp is a weed which will pretty much grow anywhere
with enough light and nutrients.
Plant 10 to 15 seeds at a time. If you get clones you can
start with 5 since more plants will be light starved in this small a
space. Keep the light on 24 hours a day if possible. The first stage
of growth is called vegetative. Water the plants twice a day during
this time. About 12 hours apart is best but a few hours either way is
ok. Feed the plants once a week with a 15-10-10 plant food or a
standard "Miracle-gro" product from any K-mart. Again, to do better,
get a book.
When the plants are about 60 cm (2 ft) high you can go into
the flowering stage. To do this set a timer for 12 hours of light and
12 of dark. If you've left the door open for ventilation, close it
during the dark period. The darker the plants are the better. Reduce
the amount of water by half, watering near the time the lights come
on. After a few weeks the plants will begin to differentiate. The
males produce "balls" with pollen and the females produce feelers at
nodal points (stems and branches).
For the best sinsemilla you want to cut out the males before
they release pollen. If you want more seeds this is not necessary.
Reduce the number of plants down to the best 5 females. Use the rest
in brownies or cookies. The leaf has too much vegetable matter to
smoke but will work fine for eating.
The entire cycle takes about 4 months. Usually 4 to 6 weeks
in vegetative stage, 2 weeks to differentiate and another 8 weeks to
flower. Harvest when the large sun leaves begin to yellow and drop
off.
To harvest, cut all the leaf off and let dry on a flat
surface. Trim the leaf down near the buds and hang the buds to dry
for about a week. This part can get fairly stinky so you may need
ventilation to the outside or a room deoderizer. For faster results
use a microwave oven.
Get a corn cob pipe from your local *drug* store and enjoy
your efforts. This method with get you 2 - 4 lids of pure sinse. In
the same space a pro can get four times as much but who cares? This
bud's for you!
*************************************************************************
Patience, persistance, truth, reality: mgr@anhep2.hep.anl.gov
Dr. mike UUCP: uunet!pyramid!cdp!mrosing
bitnet: cdp!mrosing%labrea@stanford
=============================================================================
From: an18826@anon.penet.fi
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Here is some good advice for marijuana growers
Message-ID: <020302Z24081993@anon.penet.fi>
Date: 24 Aug 93 06:58:00 GMT
Someone wanted me to forward this to the net anonymously... Don't know why
they didn't do it themselves...
I agree with the article -- growing marijuana is not only
a great hobby, but a terrific way to avoid the expense and
iffy quality of black-market weed. You don't know what
shit they spray on Mexican dope plantations, and you probably
don't WANT to know!
Anyway, I had a few comments to add to the gorilla guide,
to make some corrections and/or expansions on instructions
which might not be too clear to the beginner.
From: Mike Rosing <mrosing@igc.apc.org>
>To start you need a small space - a closet roughly 60x150x200 cm (that's
>2x5x6 ft for the archaic). Cover the walls, ceiling and doors with
>aluminized mylar (if you can find it) or aluminum foil, shiny side out.
>This saves light for the plants, ideally, the only light absorber in the
>room is plant. (Mirror tiles are an option for the really rich).
Actually, flat white paint works almost as well as these
high-tech methods. Use something cheap: put your money
into things like lights that are really important.
>The next step is to put lights in the room. Fluorescents are the cheapest
>and most readily available.
Not to mention the coolest. This is the real advantage
of fluorescents for the closet grower. For the professional,
expensive metal halide and high-pressure sodium lights give
more light for less electricity. But these lights are
overkill, and too damn hot, for the amateur closet grower.
> Water the plants twice a day during this time [vegetative growth]. About
> 12 hours apart is best but a few hours either way is ok. Feed the plants
> once a week with a 15-10-10 plant food or a standard "Miracle-gro" product
> from any local discount store. Again, to do better, get a book.
You probably don't need to water quite this often, and you
can probably get away with feeding more often than once
a week. I water once a day or once every other day, feeding
with every or every other watering. The key is to use a
high-nitrogen plant food during vegetative growth, and a
low-nitrogen plant food during flowering.
> when the plants are about 60 cm (2 ft) high you can go into the flowering
> stage. To do this set a timer for 12 hours of light and 12 of dark. If
> you've left the door open for ventilation, close it during the dark
> period. The darker the plants are the better. After a few weeks the plants
> will begin to differentiate. The males produce "balls" with pollen and the
> females produce feelers at nodal points (stems and branches).
The plants will stop lengthening almost entirely shortly
after you shorten the light cycle (within a week or two),
so my advice is not to cut the lights until the plants
are just about as tall as you want them to get. It's hard
for the beginner to tell male and female pre-flowers apart
at first. The "feelers" discussed above look like two tiny
white hairs.
Note that things should be dark through the entire dark
cycle. Turning on the lights even for a moment can prove
to be too much of an interruption. (I don't know this
from personal experience, but I've seen in repeated in
enough books/articles on the subject to consider it
good advice).
> For the best sinsemilla you want to cut out the males before they release
> pollen. If you want more seeds this is not necessary.
Most of the time, marijuana separates into male plants
and female plants. Sometimes, though, you end up with
hermaphrodites. Most growers seem to have an antagonistic
relationship with hermaphrodites, but not me. I think
they're wonderful. Here's why. When I have a hermaphrodite
female, and it pollenates itself, all of the seeds from
that pollenation are guaranteed to be female. A batch of
female seeds is the best thing you can ask for as a grower.
> The entire cycle takes about 4 months. Usually 4 to 6 weeks in vegetative
> stage, 2 weeks to differentiate and another 8 weeks to flower. Harvest when
> the large sun leaves begin to yellow and drop off.
Vegetative growth will be longer if you grow your plants
larger than two feet tall. The large sun leaves may start
to yellow and drop off even before you start to flower
the plant, so this isn't the best indication. When the
hairs on the female plants are mostly dried up (with wet
white or red hairs distinctly in the minority) it's about
time to harvest. You don't want to harvest too early, or
you'll miss out on the most flower growth and most THC
production.
But enough of this... Go buy a book. "Marijuana Growers
Insiders Guide" is very good, and available from many mail-
order outlets (see High Times) and even bookstores.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Due to the double-blind, any mail replies to this message will be anonymized,
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Message-ID: <221412Z30111993@anon.penet.fi>
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an53943@anon.penet.fi (Mary Jane)
Date: Tue, 30 Nov 1993 22:08:58 UTC
Subject: Gravity.Bong.FAQ
Here is an article I hope readers feel is helpful, in response to all
the discussion about gravity bongs, how they work, and how to make them...
********************* BEGIN ARTICLE ********************
THE GRAVITY BONG:
I am a senior mechanical engineering student. My specialty is
design and prototyping. I have worked for several companies
learning how to prototype, and this comes in really handy for some
of my "other" projects. Here is a pretty simple one...
I was introduced to the gravity bong by a friend. He told me
the full name as described to him was the "Afghanistan Gravity
Bong". We were sitting around one night and decided to try one
out.
While I could go into detail concerning the mechanics of the
bong's operation, I don't think that is really necessary. The
reason it is called a "gravity bong" and not something else is
this is what someone called it, that is how they described it to
their friends, and now it is an accepted term for the following
setup. I have observed some people on the net arguing about
gravity vs. pressure vs. whatever. If you have comments like this
as a result of this description, I refer you to:
alt.engineering.geeks. The type of argument I have observed would
have been halted a long time ago by declaring a "TECH TIME OUT !!"
at our school. Take a hit man. I feel better now having said all
that, so... on with the important stuff...
GRAVITY BONG OPERATION:
STEP 1:
Place the bottomless bottle into a water source such as a
bucket of water, sink, bathtub, larger bottle, fishtank (just
kidding), etc...When the bottle rests on the bottom, the mouth
piece should be above the water level enough to grip the bottle.
I'm not sure if warm or cold water is best, or even if it makes
much difference seeing as the smoke is not bubbled through it.
STEP 2:
Pack the bowl and place it on the mouth of the bottle.
STEP 3:
SLOWLY!! draw the bottle out of the water, while lighting the
bowl. The herb should really burn and the smoke will look
intimidating. Stop when: a)the herb is all ash (preferable), or
b)when the bottom of the bottle is still an inch or so below the
water level in the bucket. Begin preparing yourself for a huge
hit.
STEP 4:
CAREFULLY remove the bowl without letting the bottle move
downward (up a little is o.k., but don't lwt the bottom come out
of the water), exhale deeply, and place your mouth over the
opening. Inhale quickly and completely, allowing your head to
move downward. Try not to drink any bong water as this kind of
sucks! (although its like learning to swim, it's bound to happen a
little).
STEP 5:
Don't cough and hang on tight!
PACKED
BOWL >> $$
I I I\/I
BOTTLE >> / \ BOTTLE >> / \
/ \ / \
| / \ | | / \ |
|~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~|
|~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~|
|~~~~|~~WATER~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~WATER~~~|~~~~|
|~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~|
|~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~|
\__________________/ \__________________/
BUCKET BUCKET
Step 1 Step 2
\/ = BOWL
% $$ = HERB
LIGHTER __ *% ** = LIGHTER FLAME
>> |__|@**
$$ SUCK
/\ I\/I ||
|| / . .\ || I..I
|| /. . . \ || /. . \
|| /. . . . \ \/ /. . . \
|. . . . . | /. . . . \
BOTTLE >| SMOKE | |. . . . . |
| . . . . .| | . . . . .|
| |~~~~~~~~~~| | | |~~~~~~~~~~| |
|~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~|
|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~|
|~~~~~~~WATER~~~~~~~~| |~~~~~~~~BONG~~~~~~~~|
|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| |~~~~~~~~WATER~~~~~~~|
|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| |~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|
\__________________/ \__________________/
BUCKET BUCKET
Step 3 Step 4
THE DESIGN:
FIRST TRIAL:
First, a 2-liter bottle and a suitable bucket were obtained
from the apartment. I cut the bottom off the 2-liter bottle and
set it aside. I was able to find a couple of screw on caps, one
of which was of the metal variety. I cut a rough hole in each,
and glued them together, with the cup sides facing out. Into the
side with the metal cap, a piece of screen was placed and fit real
nice. We were forced to build this little thing because we didn't
have a bowl handy.
This worked o.k., but quite a bit of air flowed in for the
quantity of herb which was consumed. Also, it was a pain to
unscrew the cap after lifting the bottle. Overall, we all ended
up having a great time and the first trial was still a success. I
leave this historical description in here because: a)this may be a
good enough system for you, or b)you are also in a pinch for
something right away as we were!
SECOND TRIAL:
Having decided the activity was fun enough to warrant further
development of the gravity bong, and having access to a machine
shop, I designed a bowl just for this purpose. This incorporates
a nice sized burn chamber (approximately = to 5 bat hits from a
small bat), a small screen, and an o-ring seal to prevent air from
passing anything but the burning herb. It drops out a pretty
hefty ash after each hit.
Here is a horizontal sketch of my gravity bowl design:
FITS ___
IN ____O| \ _______
BOTTLE >> / \__________/ _____|
| |+
|-----------------------/ + << SCREEN
HOLE >>>> |-----------------------\ +
| __________ |+____
\____ / \_______|
O-RING >> O|___/ BURN
CHAMBER
You could make the dimensions to whatever you think may work
best. I put a 1/4 in. hole through the bowl, with a 3/8 dia. burn
chamber that is .400 in. deep. It fits nicely inside a 35mm film
canister for storage and TRANSPORTATION to parties (no plans to
build more, though several friends have already tried begging!).
This new bowl works very well and burns quite efficienty,
filling the bottle with dense smoke. The only change I have made
to the apparatus is to offer the option of a milk jug in place of
the 2-liter bottle, with a plastic adapter atached to the jug
which makes the mouth the same size as a 2-liter bottle.
I built my setup some time ago, but the other day someone on
the net mentioned using a tuba mouthpiece. Not a bad idea. Also,
people have said they used aluminum foil with holes poked in it.
The point is to get a lot of burning done without using an overly
large volume of air.
TRIAL THREE:
This has not been done yet, but the plan is to design a multi-
user setup using a larger water bottle (like the Poland Springs).
TIPS:
To get really wacked, breath back into the bottle, allowing it to
rise back up to the beginning of step 4, and inhale again. Do not
however, deprive yourself of too much oxygen. I used this method
and took a full minute to take the hit, breathing in and out, and
was immediately wacked, staying that way for several hours from
one hit!
Have a "Gravity Party" with many friends - lotso fun!
Some people like to push the bottle to the bottom, and then
inhale. While this does act to push the smoke into your lungs
(kind of like breathing in a balloon), I don't really feel it is
any faster. If you try this, don't displace so much water that
the bucket overflows.
If it is your first time trying the system, do some trial runs
without packing the bowl and lighting it. This is a must for a
first time user from the point of view of risk reduction (won't
chance losing precious smoke).
********************* END ARTICLE ********************
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Newsgroups: alt.drugs.psychedelics
I remember my first year at university... I had a very good
friend Cory that I would study with from midnight to about 6 or 7 in the
morning every night. During the wee hours of the morning we would take
study breaks and debate philosophy or argue moral issues for fun. We
became very open about our ideologies and eventually one night I said,
"You know what I've heard so much about, but never tried? I've always
been curious about hallucinogens..." My friend replied that he too was
curious about these drugs and that he'd be interested in setting up a
'scientific experiment.' He was in his third year of bio/psych and I was
just starting my psychology degree. So it started....
We researched the many hallucinogens for the next two months. I
spent hours in the library reading and visiting friends to interview them
about their personal experiences. Feeling comfortable with our choice, I
returned to my home town to find some acid (the drug we had decided
upon). My friends had all said that a half hit would likely do for my
first time and that if after an hour I had only minimal effects I could
always ingest another half tab. I ended up buying 5 hits total for me
and my friend. I thought, "hey, if it's weak we're better off having
extra and who knows, maybe we'll really like it and want to have some
more around."
We had planned to drop on the Friday evening and had set up
several perceptual experiments that we wanted to perform. It was
Thursday and I had been studying all day and night. I popped by Cory's
dorm room to say 'hi' only to find that Cory too had had a brutal study
day. He turned to me with a great big smile and said, "want to do it
tonight?" "Sure!" I replied. So, we started our tape recorder and
pulled out our journal book for the night.
Journal entry #1, "12:01am first dose - 1/2 tab each, haven't
eaten recently." From what we had both heard, the expected onset time
would be 20-30 minutes, so we waited... 10 minute mark, nothing. 15
minute mark, get ready! 20 minute mark, nothing yet, should be soon! 25
minute mark, still nothing but get ready! 30 minute mark, nothing... 35
minute mark nothing... 40 minute mark, still nothing... "Hmmm," I
thought, "this should have started to affect us by now... Well, I have
been carrying this stuff around for a week in my jacket wrapped in
tinfoil; perhaps the agent has been partially leeched out and the tabs
are weak..."
So, at this point we made what was still a somewhat rational
decision...we would increase our dose by one more tab each. It seemed
logical, if the drug was too weak to affect us we should increase our dose.
50 minute mark, nothing. 60 minute mark, nothing, this stuff
should have started ages ago! My friend thought that we had been ripped
off, but I doubted that my old school friend would have done such a thing
(especially since he had tried the same batch of acid with positive
affect). 70 minute mark, nothing.... So, at this point we made a
decision which to today I still can not see the rationality of...we
decided to take the rest of the acid. A total of 2 1/2 hits each and we
had never touched the drug before in our lives.
We moved from the dorm room to the kitchen to sit and talk. The
nice thing about this area of the dorm (known as the 'cell') is nice
because it has only 3 rooms, a bathroom, and a kitchen and is sealed off
from the rest of the residence for privacy. So we sat in the kitchen
eating chips and pop, when all of a sudden my friend Cory point to the
pop can and exclaimed, "Oh my god Greg! Put the pop can down and look at
it!" I set the pop can down on the table and looked, the can started to
breathe...in and out, smaller then larger. "Cool!" I thought....then,
"Shit! We've taken 2 1/2 hits each and it's starting to kick in...better
hold on!" The kitchen was the best place to be...so many small and
interesting things to look at.
We went to the sink that had little droplets of water in the
bottom of it. By 'unfocusing' our attention, we could cause strange
effects to occur. The sink became this rushing current of rapids pouring
down into the drain. A blink of the eyes and it was the sink again...
There was a poster around campus that week for a band known as
Anonymous... It was a picture of a punk rocker's face with really
strange shadings that had obvious done with pencil. There happened to be
one of these posters printed on green paper on the kitchen wall. We
watched the poster for a moment. The hair on the top of his head
receeded and disappeared while the shading on the face became more
pronounced turning the face into that of a 'wolfman.' This is how our
experiment became coded as 'The Green Wolfman Experiment." The face
cycled back and forth between that of the punk rocker and the wolfman,
back and forth like the waves on the shore.
The kitchen was full of such wonders. The doors on all the
shelves buldged inward and outward. The hairs on our arms interweaved
continually and the hairs on our legs grew straight out. The once plain
walls were full of intricate little patterns as was the carpet just
outside the door...as though some person had come by and impressed these
patterns into their surfaces. I was somewhat disappointed though... I
moved my hand back and forth in front of my face...no tracers... I had
heard so much about tracers and I had none (but then again, I was only
experiencing the onset of my first half hit...).
It just so happened that the residence was having a formal that
evening and people were milling around the floors providing a good cover
for the two of us; if we acted strange, we could always have replied
that we had had too much to drink. Cory's eyes lighted up and he
exclaimed, "I want to get socially interactive! Let's go out to the
party and talk to people!" I was a little nervous about this and really
wanted to just stay in the kitchen; however, he convinced me and out we
went to the party...
Wouldn't you know the first person we started to talk to was the
person in charge of the entire residence system! Surely this was not the
person to talk to while we were so affected by acid. Eventually Cory
became confused by something she had said so we found a corner, sat down,
and went back over the tape recorder to straighten things out.
TV! I wanted to see the TV! So we went to the TV room and I
watched the television for about 5 minutes but there was nothing special
about it. This was rather disappointing, I had hoped that the television
would have warped or characters would have behaved differently or atleast
something. I started to talk to a friend sitting next to me on the
couch. As we talked, I was staring at his eyes...they were huge and
angular...much like those in Japanimation. I couldn't break my gaze at
his eyes until suddenly he blinked...and his huge eyelids came down and
back up in what seemed to be a series of still photographs taken
milliseconds apart. I complimented him on the largeness of his eyes and
then excused myself.
Cory and I sat down in a hallway of the residence, it was time to
try our time perception experiments. A friend of ours, Sean, had sat
down next to us to chat (but had no idea what we were up to). The
experiment was as follows. Person A would have the watch, pen, and
journal. Person B would have to estimate the elapse of 30 seconds by any
means possible to them and tell person B when that time had elapsed.
Person A would then right down the elapsed time and ask person B how much
time they estimated had actually passed. I was first to be person B and
Cory was first to be the recorder.
"Ok, start....now!" Cory said. "1 and... 2 and... 3..", I
thought but was then distracted. "I'm sorry Cory," I appologized,
"there's no way I can do 30 seconds... We've got to cut it down to 10
seconds..." "No, keep going Greg, you can do it..." "No, seriously,
there's no way I'll make 30 seconds..." Cory smiled, "I'm still timing
you!" "Stop! Stop! Now!" I shouted. Cory looked at the watch and
wrote down the elapsed time. "What's your estimated time?" Cory asked.
"Oh my gods! Atleast 5 minutes have gone by!" I exclaimed. Cory shot
me a strange look, wrote down my time, and said, "Actual time...11
seconds..."
Cory didn't believe me, he thought I was just pulling his leg.
So he became person B and I became the recorder. "Ok, start....now!" I
said as the second hand reached 12. Cory started to talk to our friend
Sean. They talked and talked. All of a sudden Cory looked alarmed and
turned towards me, "Stop! Stop! Oh no! I forgot all about the
experiment!" I wrote down the actual time and asked him for his
estimated time. He replied, "Oh man! Atleast 15 minutes have passed
by!" I grinned, "Actuall time: 15 seconds!" The time dilation was
fantastic! I had never experienced anything like this before in my
life...but there was more to come still as only the first amounts of acid
had been absorped into my system.
My visual field was vibrating. Full of patterns. Everything was
patterned...and vibrating. I went to the washroom and as I came out Cory
was talking to a friend of ours. As she walked away, Cory turned to me
and said, "Look! She has a metal plate in her forehead!" I looked and
sure enough there it was...a Frankenstein metal-plate forehead! We
laughed... But I was becoming aware of an apprehensive feeling...I
wanted to go somewhere... Maybe the kitchen... Maybe the dorm room... I
just felt like we had to go somewhere... Somewhere better. Anyways, we
were sitting on the floor of the hallway with Sean debating about at
exactly what time we had taken what "dose" and Sean became curious.
"Dose? Dose? What did you guys take?" he asked. I looked at Cory and
he at me. Cory replied, "LS...." "....D" I finished. Sean said,
"Ohhh..." At this point Cory and myself became worried thinking that we
had upset Sean or that perhaps we shouldn't have told him. But Sean
turned to us and said, "Guys, it's just that we're in a hallway by the
doors of people's rooms!" Cory and myself looked up in surprise and sure
enough that's where we were! Our bubble of perception had become so
small and concentrated on what we were doing that we had forgotten where
we were and that we should be careful with how loud we talked about what
we were doing! Sean merely smiled and laughed...he then became our
ground man for the night.
Things were getting pretty intense at this point, we had
plateaued at a very high peak of the drug's effect. Where there had been
no tracers before, they were everywhere! When I moved, everything in my
field of vision blurred off with tracers like looking between two
mirrors. I felt I had to go somewhere, it was winter and I figured some
cold air might do us good. We went out into the snow and marvelled at
all the patterns in the snow. We watched two trees that grew and grew up
to the highest reaches of the sky. A friend had said to go and look at
stoplights, saying that the lights would change to different colours. We
decided against going off campus since the drug's affect was so great and
we didn't know what to expect. After all, I didn't want to pass out and
be found in a snowbank some days later!
We went back in and returned to the dorm. I was unable to write
and unable to focus on one thing for too long due to all the patterns in
my head. Not only that, but my thoughts had become lightening fast and
branched out from one another...I would have one initial idea and that
idea would have five sub-ideas...those five sub-ideas would have
sub-ideas of their own and so on! An infinite and parallel labyrinth of
active thoughts all perceived at incredible speeds. All these
perceptions were very overwhelming. I turned to Cory, "Tell you
what...we've seen what we've come to see and we've done one of our
experiments... Let's call it a night aand crash out..." Cory agreed and
he tossed me a sleeping bag as he hit the top bunk.
I layed there on the floor. My mind racing and spinning...lost
in the eddies of perception and thought. Time was dilated now to an
unimaginable extent. I looked at the bottom bunk where Cory's room mate
was sleeping...He was a Jehovah's Witness and actually kept Watch Tower
magazines under his pillow... The moonlight was coming in through the
window and struck his head, giving him the impression of having a halo
about him. I laughed, even through my current state of stress and
anxiety, at the contrast between the peacefully sleeping JW and me
tripping out of my mind on the floor mere feet away.
I layed there for what seemed like hours. I couldn't sleep, I
wasn't tired in the least. It was as if the actual mechanism for sleep
had been removed from my system. Sleep just did not exist. I looked at
Cory on the top bunk and thought, "That lucky bastard! Probably asleep
right now and away from all this stuff..." I quietly called out,
"Cory?" And the response came back, "Yeah?" Apparently he was in the
same boat I was.
We returned to the kitchen. The acid was in full-blown affect
now. During the week I had had a pain in my chest that had been with me
for a few days (probably a bruise from sparring). My body-perception was
normal from my head down to my shoulders but then my body narrowed down
to an infinitely thin point at this point in my chest, flowed down about
three feet, curved around behind my back and up over my shoulder where it
then flowed off into infinity. My body just kept flowing down through my
chest and off into infinity through this strange curved pattern. I had
also lost the comfort that one normally has of one's body. It was as if
my body no longer existed...that warm cozy cloak I had worn for all my
life was now gone....leaving emptiness...void...nothing... This gave me
great feelings of insecurity and distress. I explained to Cory that I
wished I could wrap myself up in a great big comforter or perhaps put a
ballon inside my side and inflate it so that I could feel the reassurance
of my body again. In times of stress, one can always retreat to one's
body and hug one's self for comfort...for me this was gone.
As I was washed over by my perceptions and thoughts, I discovered
I had lost another form or retreat and comfort. Whenever you are
stressed or overwhelmed you can always close your eyes. Away from the
world and safe in the warm darkness or fleshy colour (if it is a sunny
day or if a light is near by). I was overwhelmed and closed my eyes to
escape all the visuals for a moment. But when I closed my eyes, it was
still all there! Even more so somehow! I realized that I was here for
the full-haul on this trip... It was obvious that the drug didn't affect
the outside world reaching my retina, it was affecting my brain's
processing of the visual information and my other internal processes.
There was no escape...but that was ok...we had prepared ourselves so well
that we knew we were on a drug and that in a few hours it would be gone.
All we had to do was wait out the intensity.
At this point, my space-time perception had become greatly
affected. The best way to explain it is like this.... Imagine that
space-time is an infinitly long cord going infinity far in both
directions (past and future). Now, imagine our perception as an
infinitly thin plane cross-secting this cord at any given point. Our
plane of perception moves an infinitly small amount of distance in an
infinitly small amount of time in a forward direction along this cord of
space-time--thus being virtually continuous. What happen to me is that I
took a 'chunk' of this space-time cord and sliced it into five sequential
slices. I was aware of my normal visual field, but I was also aware of
an infinitly large blackness reaching out in all directions (visual). It
was upon this infinite blackness that I placed these first first slices
of space-time chronologically with the first on the left movig across to
the most recent on the right. I then took the next 'chunk' of space-time
and sliced it again into five sequential slices and overlaid these upon
the original five. The first five 'clicked' back one position but I was
still aware of them. I then kept taking more and more chunks or
space-time as time passed and kept overlaying them upon the groups of
five that were accumulating. These five groups clicked away and trailed
off infinitely away from me and upwards as they got farther moved from
myself. Points of interest here were that I was simultaneously aware of
1) my normal perception, 2) my current five chunks of time, 3) all
previous slices, and 4) this special infinite space in which I was
perceiving space-time. As well, if one experiments with the edge of the
visual field by moving your hand past the edge of your eye, you will
notice that your hand gradually fades as it loses acuity and finally
disappears from perception. However, all my slices of space-time had
definate edges on them...like freeze-frames from a television show. They
were square screens showing reality.
Sean had come into the kitchen again and said 'hi.' He had just
finished brushing his teeth in the kitchen sink when Cory came up to him
trying to explain the rushing water effect in the sink. As Cory was
intensely focused upon the sink and his explanation Sean reached around
and turned the water on full-blast. Cory stumbled back from the sink
shaken... "Oh wow! Don't do that man!" Cory shook, "It's like somebody
whispering, 'come here... come here... I want to tell you a secret...'
And then shouting as loud as possibe into your ear except with your
entire sensory/perceptual system." We all had a good laugh over that.
But overall it was too intense...I sat back in a large chair...
I turned to Sean and asked him to turn the lights off in the
kitchen in an attempt to settle my perceptions... As Sean was about to
do this Cory argued no, leave them on... We then got into a fun-spirited
debate to see who could get Sean to turn the lights off or leave them
on. Finally I said, "Look Sean, the lights are doing me more harm than
they are doing Cory good...turn them off..." Sean agreed to this. But
before he could act, Cory stood up and said, "No man! I want to get
things loud in here! I want to get my stereo and play some loud
music... Or get a really loud band in here!" "Oh!" I thought amongst my
perceptual rollercoaster, "Stereo... Band... Music... Loud..." There
was just so much happening that I thought I could just be perceptually
sea-sick, I thought, "yeah, you know...I could just be perceptually
sea-sick with all that is happening...in fact I think I will...I think
I'll puke..." So I stood up, walked over to the garbage bin, vomited and
sat back down in my chair.
Sean and Cory looked over at me nervously, "Are you ok?" "Yeah."
I responded. "Would you like some water?" "Sure..." Sean brought me
some water and I had a sip. It was now that we were experiencing the
suggestability that can be found in this state. At one point I used the
expression of something "splitting in two." When I used that phrase,
Cory felt his body actually split in two.
There was also an emotional aspect to the experience. Shortly
after this Cory stood up and said, "Oh my god! I've got an assignment
due Monday! What am I doing here on acid! I going to fail my course!
And my girlfriend is going to be here tomorrow! What if I'm not back to
normal!" He then caught himself being swept up in all this emotion and
smiled realizing its irrationality... He was almost finsihed the
assignment and had another three days to finish it and his girlfriend
would not be here until well after the drug wore off. He explained his
emotions as the worst possible gut-dropping feeling in the world, as if
he had just killed his family. We laughed over this and all the odd
perceptions and behavior we had experienced.
Sean disappeared for a minute and came back, "Hey guys! There's
overturned furniture up on 3rd floor! Want to go up and look at it?!"
Cory wanted to go, but I wanted to stay put. Cory asked if I would be OK
on my own and if he could go. We looked at each other straight in the
eyes then in what was perhaps the most emotional experience of my life.
I could have hugged him. In the middle of all these temultuous
perceptions, we were the only two people on the entire Earth who were
sharing and aware of them. It was a bond of friendship we have never
lost, even to today. Cory left me with the tape recorder and they turned
out the lights leaving me in my chair with my leather university jacket
over me.
Where once there had been no effects from the drugs, that was all
that existed then. All of a sudden the doorbell to the outer door rang,
"Shit..." I thought, "I'm in no condition to be interacting with people
right now." So I stayed in my chair. The door rattled and then someone
opened it with their keys. I heard people walking towards the kitchen
from the outer door, two guys and a girl. They stopped at the kitchen
and smiled in at me, "You look like your pretty comfortable there!"
"Yeah, had a bit too much to drink tonight so I think I'll just crash
here..." I replied as the world swirled within and without me. "Ok, well
sleep tight!" she laughed and they left.
At this point in the trip I became something that I can not put
into words... I became atemporal. I existed without time...I existed
through an infinite amount of time. This concept is impossible to
comprehend without having actually perceived it. Even now in retrospect
it is hard to comprehend it. But I do know that I lived an eternity that
night...
Eventually Cory returned and asked, "How long was I gone?" I
replied, "I couldn't honestly tell you if my very soul depended upon
it..." And I was honest. He could have been gone 3 seconds, 15 minutes,
hours, days, months, or years...I had no idea. All I knew was that he
was the best sight that my eyes had ever seen at that moment of my life.
We decided to try crashing out again for awhile and returned to the dorm
room.
As I laid on the floor I thought, well, I came into this with a
philosophical/scientific purpose, I might as well keep work at that
goal. So I started to analyse me speeding and labyrinthing thoughts. I
had two theories based upon the correlatory nature of my thoughts (A is
like B, B is like C, D is like F, etc...) : 1) perhaps this was a
process that was always occuring in my brain looking at all different
avenues of logic or possibility before choosing the most appropriate.
All these hundreds of lightening fast related thoughts were a natural
process that I was only now aware of by means of the drug I had
ingested. Or, 2) perhaps this was a dysfunction in my brain due to the
drug and was created soley by the drug interaction.
So I decided on another experiment. I would take two random
things and see how this system correlated them. I chose 'the world' and
'a loaf of bread.' My brain thought of thousands of correlations (they
both have a crust, they are both soft in the center, they both have
things living on the outside of them, etc...). I wish I had been able to
right to record more than these few that I can remember to see if they
all made sense the next day. However, I was in no condition to write...
I laid on the floor for ages waiting the drug out. Finally, my
perceptions went from 'clicking' along to a short moment of continuous
perception, and then back to clicking. Eventually the moments of
continuous perception became longer and longer and the 'clicking' moments
shorter and shorter. I was almost completely back to my normal
perceptions. But, I could still force visual effects to occur by
unfocusing my attention to make the ceiling buldge and breath. I called
over to Cory and he was at the exact same stage and also just as wide
awak as I was. We got up and I went home to grab a quick shower. An
hour later we met for breakfast. We both ordered huge amounts of food
but barely touched our plates. We spent most of the morning talking over
the experiences of the night before.
We were surprised by the absolute parallel of our two trips
(perceptions, duration, cycles, etc.). But then again, we had both gone
in with alot of research time put in, both had the same attitude towards
'the experiment,' had similar body structures, were in the same
environment, and had taken the same amounts and batch of LSD at the same
times. There were only the more extreme space-time effects that were
unique to myself.
Later I went back to my home town and my friend asked me about
the acid trip and how much we had taken. When I told him we had taken 2
1/2 hits each he was shocked. He said, "Greg, you guys didn't take 2 1/2
hits of acid each, you took 5 hits each. I've been doing acid for years
and I've never had acid that strong before!" Cory and myself had a
retrospective laguh over that one...
As I walked home after my breakfast with Cory, I just took the
world in... All the sights and sounds of the early morning, and the
feeeling of my body and mind. I was glad to be back to reality... I had
gone beyond the experiences of my life and beyond the experiences of all
my friends who had done acid for years just hours ago. I was glad that I
had gone so far, it gave me enough insight into myself and the world that
I could think a lifetime just on the one evening's experiences. It was
impossible to understand reality and our perception of it without having
a contrast to our 'normal' reality. I now had that. And enough insight
to make my entire lifetime philosophically worth while. In the midst of
my extremely intense trip I promised myself that I would never do acid
again (altough a couple of days later I found myself pondering what it
would be like to take a smaller dosage!). But I have never regretted my
experience...
G.
(Sorry about the length, I hope this will be of use to some people
interested in the acid experience and what the pros/cons can be of it. I
neither encourage or discourage drug use...I only say to those who ask me
about drugs that if they are really interested in trying a drug to go out
and learn about it first and know what they are getting into. Learning
about the drug is also an important mental preparation that can add much
mental support in the middle of a trip. If you understand something
strange, you will not be afriad of it.)

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In article <C0vw8B.23F@udecc.engr.udayton.edu>, mmaryo@udecc.engr.udayton.edu (Michael J Maryo (U)) writes:
>closet, a tad smaller than the one stated in the FAQ file. Anyway, he just
>started his little weed farm a few days ago and is wondering how long it will
>take for things to start happening. He is a bit impatient, so I am trying to
Two weeks or so for the seeds to sprout. But soil is not the best sprouting
medium. Try a moist paper towel folded around them. Be sure it stays
moist.
>get some facts to keep him at it. :) Also, his seeds are apparently what he
>called "red bud" seeds. Are these any good, or does that even mean anything?
Large, mature seeds are best. From what I understand "red bud" is pretty
mature.
>Also, he has them planted in two pots, one with regular "potting" soil (god
>I love that word, "pot"), and the other with some kind of soil made for
>cactus plants, which is kind of sandy.
Either should be good. The roots need both air and water, so be sure your
soil has good drainage.
>walls (in the closet) are covered with aluminum foil. He has some Miracle-
>Grow plant food (liquid), but I told him not to use it until I ask if it is
>a good idea. Is it? Has anyone out there ever had success with growing?
A high nitrogen fertilizer (such as Miracle Grow) is great for the
vegetative phase, but may inhibit flowering if continued into the floral
phase. What else is there to say? Follow the directions on the bottle.
14-24 hours of light for the vegetative phase, then once they get big cut
back to 9-12 hours to make them flower. Get a book with illustrations of
what male and female buds look like, and throw out the males as soon as
they differentiate (unless you want to make seeds).
>am quite interested in hearing any stories or comments on successes/failures.
All my stories are the ones I've read in "High Times". Pick up a copy.
Keith Lewis klewis@mitre.org "Mr. Cheap"
I don't dance to music; music dances to me. Email me for my PGP key.
The above may not (yet) represent the opinions of my employer.
============================================================================
In article <1992Nov25.024723.5353@seq.uncwil.edu> session@seq.uncwil.edu (Zack C. Sessions) writes:
>aoo@po.CWRU.Edu (Akinwale O. Olugbile) writes:
>
>Germinate your seeds first. One way I have done it to place them about an
>inch or two apart between several layers of paper towels in a flat pan.
>Keep the paper towels moist. Kep the plan in a non-cold place. Doesn't
>need to be really hot, just not cold. Viable seeds should be 1 to 2
>inch long sprouts in a week or two. Then plan the sprouts.
>
>--
>Zack Sessions
Key point here, and one that can't be
stressed enough - KEEP THE PAPER TOWELS
MOIST !!!
---
jdw%sniff.wfo.dec.com@decwrl.dec.com
I've a FOAF who carefully germinates his seeds in moist paper towels
(totally dark, warm place, towels constantly wetted, drop of bleach per
towel to fight mold), carefully transplants them to rockwool as soon as the
tip appears out of the crack in the seed (do *not* let them get "an inch or
two long"; this makes transplanting without killing the seedling difficult),
making sure he puts the seed in pointed tip up, then eventually to the
next step up of rockwool size, then eventually to a rock bed for hydroponic
growing.
Another FOAF sticks them in water-soaked pots of soil, 1/2" down, point up,
and keeps them in a warm dark place, wetting the top twice daily. Then he
just moves them under plain old cool-white flourescents, and they are never
transplanted.
FOAF #1 has decided to go with FOAF #2s germinating and starting technique.
Both were getting comparable results with the two methods (at least for
germination; #1 has a halide set-up and more space). For example: FOAF #2
just had five babies born yesterday, starting with five seeds. The babies
are doing fine, and will never suffer transplantation.
Two more tips:
A Russian study showed that seedlings with at least 4" of soil to grow the
tap root were more likely to go female. The source I'm quoting says "This
may be why some farmers get female/male ratios as great as 80%/20%."
Seeds do not last forever, although they can last years if kept in a light-
tight container. If you use either method above and get >50% germination,
get some better stock.
UCSD doesn't share these views. Hell, I bet they don't know a thing
about tomato farming.
============================================================================
I recently saw a *very small* indoor garden that used 4 common shop lights.
The gardener was using two 12" x 4' shelves attached to adjacent basement
walls. They were remarkably discreet and almost entirely above eye level.
Above both shelves he had suspended a pair of 4' shop lights, which ran
parallel to the shelf, right next to each other. In these lights he used
both regular ol' 40W fluorescent tubes and the more expensive "grow lights".
The decision of which to choose was solely an economic one. Fluorescent tubes
can be found for a buck or two while the purple grow tubes can be rather
pricey.
The wall and ceiling above the shelves were covered with heavy duty aluminum
foil. Also hanging above the shelves, right above the edge, were several
homemade blinds. These "blinds" were simply a black sheet of vinyl and a white
sheet of vinyl which were attached a 4' piece of wood. The wooden strip had
then been fastened to the ceiling. The white vinyl hung to the inside and was
able to reflect light back onto the plants while the black vinyl hung to the
outside, making the whole set-up practically invisible. When he needs to
water, etc. the vinyl is rolled up by hand and tied with a short piece of cord.
And it can be held in its unrolled position rather nicely by a few strips of
velcro.
The ends of the shelves used a different homemade set-up. Using more vinyl
shades would have suffocated the plants. Instead, he cut a piece of cardboard
to fit the opening and into the top portion of this cardboard he cut a hole.
The inside of the cardboard was covered with aluminun foil and the outside was
painted black. Velcro was attached to the cardboard, the shelf and the ceiling
so that this panel could be easily attached and removed. Next, he hung two
small fans from the ceiling. (the clip fans cost him $6.00@ and were his most
expensive purchase) One fan hung on the outside of his little grow house and
one on the inside. One fan blew fresh air into the house and the other blew
air out.
On one of these shelves the lights were kept on 24 hours each day. Here he
germinated and grew his herbs to the budding point. The other shelf was
magical! The lights were cut back and his crop was allowed to reach maturation.
It was so simple! It was so beautiful! It was so small! It was so inexpensive!
A setup like this could work almost anywhere.
Stop participating in organized crime. Grow it yourself!
============================================================================
> In article <1993Jan25.063528.16779@fuug.fi>, an2509@anon.penet.fi writes:
> >I've tried to start cannabis seeds several times, using the suggestions
> >offered in alt.drugs (germinate between wet paper towels, keep them warm, etc.).
> >I've gotten about 5 or 6 seeds to the point where the shell of the seed opens
> >and a small white shoot pushes out of the crack. But the seeds seem to dies
> >upon transplanting to soil. Is it probably just a bad batch of seeds (all of
Seed germination, be it with cannabis seeds or any kind of seeds, is a
delicate art.
The warm paper towels system works well, but I'd keep them in paper towels
until you have a bit more sprout than just a small white shoot. I would
wait until the shoot is a little more than 1/4" long.
When you transplant them into potting soil, use commercial potting soil
that has been well dampened before hand. Mixing a bit of peat moss into
the damp soil might be helpful.
Pot your seeds close to the surface -- I usually lay the seeds on top
of an almost full pot, press the shoots _lightly_ into the soil, and
then just sprinkle some more potting soil on top. Then water; all the
soil should be kept damp, but not wet, at all times.
Something I've found helps seeds in the trnasition from paper towels
to soil is to cover the pot with plastic wrap and put it in a sunny window.
Poke a few pinholes in the wrap so that air can get in, and check it
daily. Keep the soil damp -- this is crucial. Cannabis in particular
*loves* water. Don't drown it, and if it starts molding leave the
plastic off the pot for a bit, but keep it damp and warm and moist.
Once your shoots start up to where they're pressing against the wrap, you
can leave the wrap off. But again, keep the soil wet -- even one day dried
out can kill all the shoots.
Hope all this helps; I've only grown pot once, but I'm a chronic
gardener, and much of the same rules apply.
--
*********************************************************
Laura Lemay lemay@netcom.com
writer of trifles in shadows and blood
*********************************************************
============================================================================
Plants (and mj in particular) respond to different wavelengths of light
differently. The optimum wavelengths for chlorophyll production and
photosynthesis occur in the red and blue ranges, so any light in the middle
of the visible spectrum is good for vegetative growth. In short, ordinary
fluorescent lights work great; most incandescents are crappy because they
put out too much infared (wastes energy, produces heat) and not enough blue.
It has been suggested that THC is produced as a defense against short
wavelength ultraviolet light (UV-short). This would explain any truth to
the rumor that the best ganga is grown at high altitudes. As far as I know,
no studies have been done. Other botanists speculate that THC is merely an
insect repellant. Even so, the photochemical potential of UV-short cannot
be ignored.
Here are some spectral density graphs (simplified to ASCII)
from _IES Lighting Handbook_
250| Cool White (fluorescent)
| |
200| | | ****
| | |******
Power 150| | *******
(mw/10nm | | *******
/lumen) 100| | | *********
| | | *******************
50| | | |**********************
|**********************************
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
300 400 500 600 700 800
<--UV Blue Green Red IR-->
Wavelength (nm)
250| | Daylight (fluorescent)
| |
200| | |
| | | |
Power 150| | | **
(mw/10nm | | ****| ****
/lumen) 100| | | *************
| | | ****************
50| | |**|*******************
|********************************
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
300 400 500 600 700 800
<--UV Blue Green Red IR-->
Wavelength (nm)
|Incandescent Lamps (including tungsten-halogen)
| *********
| *****************
Relative | ***********************
Power | ***************************
| *******************************
| ***********************************
| ***************************************
| *******************************************
|***********************************************
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
300 400 500 600 700 800 900
<--UV Blue Green Red IR-->
Wavelength (nm)
[This is presumably for 3000 K incandesents. Higher temperatures would
produce this same black-body radiation spectrum shifted to the left. Of
course, you would then need UV protection. There are fluorescents available
that simulate *only the visible portion* of 6000-7000 K black bodies. Why
anybody would use incandescent light for growing when these efficient
fluorescents are available is beyond me.]
Mercury and metal halide lamp spectrums are concentrated in a few "spikes"
distributed through the visible spectrum. They would probably work fine for
photosynthesis.
The low-pressure sodium is pretty much a single spike in the yellow; high
pressure sodium has spikes from green to red (not much blue).
No regular lights put out significant UV-short, otherwise they would cause
skin cancer. UV-short lights are designed into special box-type devices
(such as EPROM erasers) for safety. If you do elect to experiment with
UV-short, do not allow any humans or animals in the room when the light is
on. Please post the results of any such experiment to alt.drugs. Inquiring
minds want to know.
--
To post anonymously to alt.drugs send a message to ap.4151@cupid.sai.com.
All lines after a line containing only "--" will be stripped.
Remember: These articles are anonymous, but not secure.

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Being on heroin is exactly the same (albeit more powerful) as being on
pain pills like Vicodin, Percodan, MS-Contin, etc. It gives a pleasant
feeling of well-being just like being high on pain pills: warm, drowsy,
a tiny bit itchy. The only way to get anywhere near one's money's worth
is to shoot it (unless one comes across snortable stuff like China White,
almost-pure powder heroin). Smoking it is a terrible waste which, by the
way, isn't done by putting on top of buds and hitting it with a direct
flame. It's done by "Chasing the Dragon": it's put on aluminum foil and
heated from the bottom and allowed to run down the foil if possible while
inhaling the smoke. From personal experience, the user can be on heroin
for a few days straight ( a quarter-gram or so per day ) and stop cold-
turkey with no symptoms of physical withdrawl whatsoever. Staying on it
for periods longer than this is playing with fire. What is a good dosage
of heroin for a beginner to start with? Purity of street drugs can vary
so much that it would be dangerous to give an estimate. The first time
the user tries it he or she should start out with a teeny, tiny bit and
go up from there until the user gets an idea of what a good dose is.
Personally, it's a good idea to always inject half of the dose and wait
a minute ( leaving the needle in ) to see how it feels and then inject
the rest.
**************************************************************************
This information is only for people who are mature enough to respect the
dangers involved with injecting heroin. These dangers include physical
and mental addiction and the possibility of contracting a terrible
disease like AIDS or hepatitis if the user doesn't take the time to be as
sanitary as possible and NOT SHARE NEEDLES.
-Alcohol swabs are available in a box of about 100 for $2 at Safeway.
-A commonly used syringe is the U-100. It is 1CC which is divided into 100
"units".
-The bottom of a soda pop can is commonly used as a "spoon" to dissolve
the heroin in because it is curved inward like a spoon. The bottom is torn
off of a can as close to the bottom as possible.
Procedure:
The "spoon" is thoroughly cleaned with an alcohol swab. In this example
black tar heroin is used. In my area a $15 chunk is about the size of 2
tic-tac candies side-by-side and works just fine. It has no smell exept
for a faint smell of vinegar. It comes wrapped in plastic inside a tiny
balloon. A chunk is placed in the spoon. The syringe is used to suck up
about 50-75 units of water and squirt it into the spoon. The spoon is
then heated from the bottom with a lighter to make it dissolve better.
The plunger can be pulled out of the syringe and used to stir the heroin
solution. The end of the plunger should be clean before putting it back
in the syringe. A piece of cotton is rolled into a ball a little bigger
than a tic-tac. It is a good idea to clean one's fingers with an alcohol
swab before rolling the cotton. The cotton is dropped into the heroin and
it puffs up like a sponge. The tip of the syringe is pushed into the
center of the cotton and the plunger is slowly pulled back until all of
the heroin is sucked in. This cotton is necessary to filter out any
particles and such in the heroin solution. The area on the body chosen
for injection is thoroughly cleaned with an alcohol swab. I think the
spot on the bend of the arm is so commonly used because it's so darned
easy to get the needle into the vein properly. The needle is placed
almost flat on the skin so it doesn't get wiggled around too much. The
needle is inserted so it goes down the length of the vein and not across
it. Going across it just makes it way too easy to accidentally poke
through the other side or pull out. Holding the syringe almost flat
against the skin after the user feels the needle is deep enough in keeps
the syringe from accidentally being jostled around and the needle being
pulled out or pushed through the side of the vein.
Now for the tricky part. The user has to make sure that the needle is
in the vein before injecting. If the heroin is injected when the needle
isn't in the vein the heroin will just form a big heroin blister which
takes hours and hours to get absorbed by the body. Usually it will burn
while it's being injected if it's not going in the vein. This is one way
to tell if it's not going in the vein. The user should also keep a close
eye to see if a blister is forming. When the needle is inserted the
plunger is pulled slowly a tiny bit to see if blood comes in. This shows
that it's in the vein. Sometimes when the plunger is pulled, only a slow
trickle of blood comes in and the rest is air. With practice it's easier
to tell if this trickle indicates a good enough insertion into the vein.
Injecting a tiny bit of air ( about an eighth-inch ) with the heroin is
harmless but if the user is nervous about this the syringe could be tilted
so the air floats to the other end. From personal experience a quarter-
inch (about 10 units) of air being injected with heroin is harmless
but there's no need to make a habit of injecting air. With a little
practice the user can be pretty sure the heroin is going in the vein
without first checking for blood but still checking for a burning feeling
where it's being injected or a blister forming.
When trying heroin for the first time the user, of course, starts out
with a tiny bit to see how his or her body reacts to it. As with pain
pills sometimes the stomach gets queasy when the body isn't used to it.
In the case of an overdose the only thing I know to do is to keep the
person up and walking around to keep the heart going. If medical
attention is needed I'm pretty sure the paramedics use a drug called
"narcan" which blocks the effects of opiate narcotics like heroin.
=============================================================================
Date: Wed, 01 Mar 95 13:54:53 -800
Right im not going to put any returns in here because it's
causing great problems, the document I would like to request
that the document 'How to Shoot' that can be found in the opiates
section on Hyperreal.com be ammended so that in the part about
sharing needles it also says about sharing water, the water that
sits in the 'spoon' that the needle is cleaned in. Even if
you use different needles if you use the same water the AIDS virus
can still be transfered from needle to needle. I point this out
only because the point of this article is obviouly as an informative
piece intended for people who want to shoot up (safely) if it
is merely intended for casual interest I really dont know if it's
waranted, but that is up to you I suppose, well I hope this letter
arrives in one piece,

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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: an13187@anon.penet.fi (H-Man)
Subject: mdma article #6
Message-ID: <1993Jul4.031728.24999@fuug.fi>
Date: Sat, 3 Jul 1993 17:50:56 GMT
The Pink Sheet 1992; 54(29): T&G-11-T&G-12
July 20, 1992
SECTION: TRADE & GOVT. MEMOS
LENGTH: 483 words
TEXT:
HALLUCINOGENS POSE NO GREATER RISK THAN OTHER INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS, FDA's
Drug Abuse Advisory Committee agreed at its July 15 meeting. Summarizing the
committee's discussion, FDA Pilot Drug Staff Medical Officer Curtis Wright, MD,
said: "I have not heard . . . any discussion of risks involving these compounds
that we do not routinely face with every new drug we put through the IND
process."
The committee was asked to assess problems that might be associated with
allowing research to be conducted with hallucinogenic drugs. Wright said FDA,
in the last few years, automatically has put IND applications for
hallucinogenic drugs on hold, taking from months to years to respond to
investigators regarding their protocols.
Wright told the group: "We are coming to the committee because we are going
to have to deal with the issue of hallucinogens . . . because drugs of this
class are likely to be explored as potential therapies or modifiers of the
effects of a variety of agents, including cocaine." FDA's reluctance to approve
IND requests for hallucinogens stems from several concerns, Wright explained,
including the potential for diversion of controlled substances by researchers
and patients, and animal data indicating that selective serotonin agonists,
such as substituted amphetamines, can permanently alter the serotonin pathways.
While committee members and consultants agreed that the potential
long-lasting neurologic changes caused by these drugs are of concern, they
concurred with Wright's comments that the harm caused by these agents "is
outweighed in most cases by the knowledge to be obtained or by the therapeutic
benefit to the patient." Wright said that all neurologic or psychological risks
"need to be addressed in evaluation of the protocol."
Synthesizing the comments of the committee and consultants, Wright said: "I
have heard great concerns by almost every speaker that the usual standards of
research must be followed: that there must be meticulous attention to questions
of patient selection, informed consent, [and] monitoring." He remarked: "I
haven't heard anything that leads me to believe that this is a qualitatively
different kind of research than the rest of the research we do with other
agents."
In closed session, the committee considered an IND protocol submitted by
University of California at Irvine researcher Charles Grog, MD, for the
selective serotonin agonist methylenedeoxymethamphetamine ( MDMA, commonly
known as " Ecstasy" ) for use in psychotherapy and pain relief of terminally-ill
pancreatic cancer patients.
Patients in the proposed protocol would receive 1.5-2 mg/kg MDMA every two
to four weeks. MDMA, synthesized and purified at Purdue University, is one
of the hallucinogenic drugs that has been found to be associated with
neurotoxicity (alteration of the serotonin-producing neurons) in rodents and
primates.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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No/no. I did about 7 grams of Syrian rue seeds last weekend. Never again. It
did produce some interesting visuals, and a narcotic (yes, I know it's not
really a narcotic, but it felt like it) effect. It also produced the worst
nausea and vomiting I have ever experienced in my entire life. Awful is the
only word to describe it. The next day I was still somewhat sick and very
groggy. Has anyone had a GOOD experience from moderate/large dosages of Syrian
Rue seeds? Was the nausea because of the harmaline, or due to other things in
the seeds?
=============================================================================
From: jah@clinet.fi (Jani Heinonen)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: harmala questions
Date: 30 Jun 1993 20:18:45 +0300
Message-ID: <20shtlINNsn6@clinet.fi>
Jeremy writes:
>Three grams of ground seeds has proved quite adequate. Less would
>probably also work. <30 mg of harmaline should also do the trick.
>I think a psychedelic dose of harmaline is around the 200 mg mark,
>so maybe up to 20g of seeds could be eaten for the full effects
A FOAF once chewed approximately 10 grams of harmala seeds. The full effects
started within half an hour of ingestion, with occasional feelings of
weightlessness and a peculiar enchanced and distorted perception of sound.
He lay on his bed, eyes closed, and was immediately immersed in a visual
fantasy starting with floating eyes (;-), one of which eventually swallowed the
psychonaut and threw him into The World of Spirits(tm). The visionary and
auditory quest continued for quite a while, during which our brave
experimenter had an alarmingly high pulse and was seriously contemplating
whether stroke or cerebral haemorrhage comes first.
The body load was so horrible that he was unable to write down his experiment
by any means, and any movement was extremely painful. He was nauseated but
did not expel the contents of his stomach, although it probably would've been
better if he had - the seeds don't digest too well. He was also completely
unable to sleep during the whole night. The experiment started at around 8 pm.
(post mortem?)
As for the trip, it was very much like how Ayahuasca is often described.
Perhaps this knowledge affected the course of our apprentice ayahuascero's
voyage. Anyway, there were e.g. eyes-closed visions of the Amazonas, with
sparkly fireworks in the sky. The statue of a hawk-headed deity, accompanied
by a section of Revolution 9 (on the auditory side) appeared. No jaguars,
however. ;-) There was very little, if no synesthesia and visual distortions
were limited to a blurred vision and very strong tracers. Emotional effects
were very profound and he encountered an extemely critical inner voice pointing
out how he had neglected and mistreated the people around him. There was
also a sensation that could be best described as "cognitive feedback" and which
is often felt during high fever. He felt telepathic contact with the late(?)
curandera Maria Sabina and some people, supposedly Americans, who had
permanently crossed the river Styx as a result of Ayahuasca experiments.
This was probably influenced by a net article describing a butane huffer who
saw spirits of people who had died from said indulgence.
Well, that's about it. It doesn't make much sense and there's no logical
or chronological continuum, but considering the circumstances, it's an
adequate sum-up of my friend's experience. He might have left something out
or thrown in an after-fancy, as this happened almost a year ago.
By the way, he had not eaten or drunk anything which could've interacted
with the alkaloids, so they were fully responsible of the dangerous
sympathomimetic side effects. I advise excercising some caution before
chewing up a bloody ounce of the stuff. As to DMT, comparing my friend's
experience with the Ayahuasca one, I'd say that the only difference is
the level of visual effects and perhaps the combination being more "unreal".
--
Jani Heinonen Finger or mail for PGP 2.2 public key
jah@clinet.fi
=============================================================================
From: msclito@eskimo.com (Gary Bense)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,alt.psychoactives
Subject: P.harmala+P.cubensis
Message-ID: <CnL924.8K2@eskimo.com>
Date: 1 Apr 94 16:13:11 GMT
I just saw this article in an old issue of the Entheogen Review and
thought some would find it interesting...
Combing P. harmala with P. Cubensis
You asked me to tell you when I knew the results of my proposed
experiments with P. harmala and P. cubensis. I have since found that one
gram of harmala extract more than doubled the effects of two grams of
cubensis. That is, subjectively, the experience was at least as strong
as previous five gram doses - a true example of "less is more!" The
experience was qualitively different also - colors seemed not quite as
vived, though more patterns were pronounced; I was physically almost
unable to move for two or three hours (making shamanistic work all but
impossible), and the trip lasted at least two hours longer than expected,
with a long slow decline after the peak. Be careful, though - I
unthinkingly drank a cup of coffee the next day and quickly developed a
splitting headache. This was possibly the effect of MAO inhibition,
since I practically never get headaches of any kind. Best luck with The
Entheogen Review.
-J.G. CA
Does anyone have any info on Peganum harmala? I have a lot, but
I think a FAQ is needed..... ANyone? ANyone?
Mescalito Ted
=============================================================================
From: murple@ukelele.gcr.com (Murple)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,alt.psychoactives
Subject: Re: P.harmala+P.cubensis
Date: 4 Apr 1994 14:13:43 -0400
Message-ID: <2nplcn$t8n@ukelele.gcr.com>
Actually, its funny that I just saw Ted's post....as I was just about to
make a post of my own concerning a harmala + psilocybin trip I took last
night.
I began by crushing up 2.5 grams of harmala seeds, and swallowing them -
qui]it{ a disgusting taste... I waited about 30-45 minutes for them to
digest (and to see if i would throw up) before eating my shrooms. I felt a
slight queasiness in my stomach, but not desire to yack, so I ate the
shrooms (about 30{45 mins after the harmala, like I said).
After eating 1.5g of shrooms (from a previous trip out of the same bag, i
knew them to be quitt({ potent shrooms), the trip began abo{t 20 minutes
after taking them. It came on more gradually than a pure shroom trip. The
trip itself was different than just plain shrooms. Its not really a
describably difference...it seems to open a different (but similar) door
in the mind. Physically, it felt different to. For example, although it
was about 70 degrees outside, it felt to be about 40 d{grees.... When I
walked, I felt somewhat drunk - I wasn't stumbling, my coordinatio{ seemed
fine...but there was that same sense of vertigo that you feel when walking
around drunk.{
Hallucinations were quite different. I remember looking at Venus and not
being able to decide if it was a star or a plane, because it kept moving.
Inside, colors seemed different, but not in the intense way caused by
plain shrooms - they seemed somewhat eartier, and I found myself attracted
to browns, greys, black, and dark reds - quite different from the
attraction to bright colors caused by pure psilocybin.
As{far as MAO inhibition... I was drinking cocacola all night (caffeine)
and ate a cheeseburger at mcdonalds (cheese & meat), but felt no{side
effects...h{wev{r, I do not recommend {ating alot of{ no-n{ foods,{because
althouh s{all quantities can be OK, chowing down on cheeses and alcohol or
yeast or meats could cause problems. Keep it simple, if you decide to trip
with harmala. (You probably wont feel very hungry anyways).
About halfway through the trip, i ate another gram of harmala, to prolong
the trip. It did seem to work...as the trip lasted about 6 hours total
(other trips from the same bag of shrooms, but with no harmala, lasted
only 3-4 hours). The come-down was very very slow, and the peak was quite
long as well.
My thought-patterns were also{different than they usually are while on
shrooms or LSD. But like I said, th{ differences are very hard to
describe...they are subtle, but they add up to produce a quite distinct trip.
For one, it seemed like a less "freaky" trip. It was very intense, but
there was no sense of panic at all. I would probably feel OK going out to
dinner with my parents while being on this combination - the harmala
really seemed to add a calming aspect to the trip. It also seemed to be
less personal of a trip. Rather than a dive into the subconscious mind (as
with LSD/shrooms), it seemed to be a dive {nto what Jung called the
super-conscious Mind - th{ mind of humanity as{a whole. xDt(Alot of the
things I usually end up thinking of while tripping never crossed my
mind...and alot of things I have never thought about while tripping were
quite prominent in my mind last night.
Harmala is quite legal, and quite easy to get through various mail-order
botanical companies...I highly recomme{d anyone who i]uses shrooms or DMT
try mixing some harmala with the shrooms/DMT. It's incredible - like
tripping for the first time. And I like the doors that it opened in my
mind. I feel like this trip did a lot of good for me.

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