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381 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
381 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
GELLED FLAME FUELS
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------------------
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A text phile typed by Elric of Imrryr from the book:
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Improvised Munitions Handbook (TM 31-210), published
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by the Dept of the Army, 1969.
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All information is provided only for information purposes
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only. Construction and/or use may violate local, state, and/or
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federal laws. (Unless your name is Ollie North)
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Gelled or paste type fuels are often preferable to raw gasoline
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for use in incendiary devices such as fire bottles. This type fuel adheres
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more readily to the target and produces greater heat concentration.
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Several methods are shown for gelling gasoline using commonly
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available materials. The methods are divided into the following categories
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based on the major ingredient:
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1. Lye Systems
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2. Lye-Alcohol Systems
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3. Soap-Alcohol Systems
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4. Egg White Systems
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6. Wax Systems
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Lye Systems
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Lye (also know as caustic soda or Sodium Hydroxide) can be used in
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combination with powdered rosin or castor oil to gel gasoline for use as a
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flame fuel which will adhere to target surfaces.
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MATERIALS REQUIRED:
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------------------
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Parts by Volume Ingredient How Used Common Source
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--------------- ---------- -------- -------------
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60 Gasoline Motor Fuel Gas station or motor vehicle
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2 (flake) or Lye Drain cleaner, Food store or Drug store
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1 (powder) making of soap
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15 Rosin Manufactoring Paint store, chemical supply
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Paint & Varnish house
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or
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Castor Oil Medicine Food and Drug stores
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PROCEDURE
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---------
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______________________________________________________________________________
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|CAUTION: Make sure that there are no open flames in the area when mixing the|
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|flame fuel. NO SMOKING! |
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|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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1. Pour gasoline into jar, bottle or other container. (DO NOT USE AN ALUMINUM
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CONTAINER.)
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2. IF rosin is in cake form, crush into small pieces.
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3. Add rosin or castor oil to the gasoline and stir for about five minutes to
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mix thoroughly.
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4. In a second container (NOT ALUMINUM) add lye to an equal volume of water
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slowly with stirring.
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______________________________________________________________________________
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|CAUTION: Lye solution can burn skin and destroy clothing. If any is spilled,|
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|wash away immediately with large quantities of water. |
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|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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5. Add lye solution to the gasoline mix and stir until mixture thickens (about
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one minute).
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NOTE: The sample willeventually thicken to a very firm paste. This can be
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thinned, if desired, by stirring in additional gasoline.
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Lye-Alcohol Systems
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Lye (also know as caustic soda or Sodium Hydroxide) can be used in
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combination with alcohol and any of several fats to gel gasoline for use as a
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flame fuel.
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MATERIALS REQUIRED:
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------------------
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Parts by Volume Ingredient How Used Common Source
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--------------- ---------- -------- -------------
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60 Gasoline Motor Fuel Gas station or motor vehicle
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2 (flake) or Lye Drain cleaner, Food store or Drug store
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1 (powder) making of soap
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3 Ethyl Alcohol Whiskey Liquor store
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Medicine Drug store
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NOTE: Methyl (wood) alcohol or isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol can be
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substituted for ethyl alcohol, but their use produces softer gels.
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14 Tallow Food Fats rendered by cooking the
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Making of soap meat or suet of animals.
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NOTE: The following can be substituted for the tallow:
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(a) Wool grease (Lanolin) (very good) -- Fat extracted from sheep wool
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(b) Castor Oil (good)
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(c) Any vegetable oil (corn, cottenseed, peanut, linseed, etc.)
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(d) Any fish oil
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(e) Butter or oleo margarine
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It is necessary when using substitutes (c) to (e) to double the given amount
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of fat and of lye for satistfactory bodying.
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PROCEDURE
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---------
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______________________________________________________________________________
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|CAUTION: Make sure that there are no open flames in the area when mixing the|
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|flame fuel. NO SMOKING! |
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|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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1. Pour gasoline into jar, bottle or other container. (DO NOT USE AN ALUMINUM
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CONTAINER.)
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2. Add tallow (or substitute) to the gasoline and stir for about 1/2 minute to
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dissolve fat.
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3. Add alcohol to the gasoline mixture.
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mix thoroughly.
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4. In a separate container (NOT ALUMINUM) slowly add lye to an equal volume of
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water. Mixture should be stirred constantly while adding lye.
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______________________________________________________________________________
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|CAUTION: Lye solution can burn skin and destroy clothing. If any is spilled,|
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|wash away immediately with large quantities of water. |
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|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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5. Add lye solution to the gasoline mixture and stir occasionally until
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thickened (about 1/2 hour)
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NOTE: The sample willeventually (1 to 2 days) thicken to a very firm paste.
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This can be thinned, if desired, by stirring in additional gasoline.
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Soap-Alcohol System
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Common household soap can be used in combination with alcohol to gel
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gasoline for use as a flame fuel which will adhere to target surfaces.
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MATERIALS REQUIRED:
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------------------
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Parts by Volume Ingredient How Used Common Source
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--------------- ---------- -------- -------------
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36 Gasoline Motor Fuel Gas station or motor vehicle
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1 Ethyl Alcohol Whiskey Liquor store
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Medicine Drug store
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NOTE: Methyl (wood) alcohol or isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol can be
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substituted for ethyl alcohol.
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20 (powdered) or Laundry soap Washing clothes Stores
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28 (flake)
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NOTE: Unless the word "soap" actually appears somewhere on the container or
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wrapper, a washing compound is probably a detergent. THESE CAN NOT BE USED.
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PROCEDURE
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---------
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______________________________________________________________________________
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|CAUTION: Make sure that there are no open flames in the area when mixing the|
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|flame fuel. NO SMOKING! |
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|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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1. If bar soap is used, carve into thin flakes using a knife.
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2. Pour Alcohol and gasoline into a jar, bottle or other container and mix
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thoroughly.
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3. Add soap powder or flakes to gasoline-alcohol mix and stir occasionally
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until thickened (about 15 minutes).
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Egg System
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The white of any bird egg can be used to gel gasoline for use as a flame fuel.
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MATERIALS REQUIRED:
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------------------
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Parts by Volume Ingredient How Used Common Source
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--------------- ---------- -------- -------------
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85 Gasoline Motor Fuel Gas station or motor vehicle
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14 Egg Whites Food Food store, farms
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Any one of the following
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1 Table Salt Food, industrial Sea Water, Natural brine,
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processes Food stores
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3 Ground Coffee Food Food store
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3 Dried Tea Food Food store
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Leaves
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3 Cocoa Food Food store
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2 Sugar Food Food store
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1 Saltpeter Pyrotechnics Drug store
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(Niter) Explosives chemical supply store
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(Potassium Matches
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Nitrate) Medicine
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1 Epsom salts Medicine Drug store, food store
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industrial
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processes
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2 Washing soda Washing cleaner Food store
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(Sal soda) Medicine Drug store
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Photography Photo supply store
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1 1/2 Baking soda Baking Food store
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Manufactoring: Drug store
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Beverages,
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Mineral waters,
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and Medicine
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1 1/2 Aspirin Medicine Drug store
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Food store
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PROCEDURE
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---------
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______________________________________________________________________________
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|CAUTION: Make sure that there are no open flames in the area when mixing the|
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|flame fuel. NO SMOKING! |
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|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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1. Separate egg white from yolk. This can be done by breaking the egg into a
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dish and carefully removing the yolk with a spoon.
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______________________________________________________________________________
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|NOTE: DO NOT GET THE YELLOW EGG YOLK MIXED INTO THE EGG WHITE. If egg yolk |
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|gets into the egg white, discard the egg. |
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|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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2. Pour egg white into a jar, bottle, or other container and add gasoline.
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3. Add the salt (or other additive) to the mixture and stir occasionally until
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gel forms (about 5 to 10 minutes).
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NOTE: A thicker flame fuel can be obtained by putting the capped jar in hot
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(65 C) water for about 1/2 hour and then letting them cool to room temperature.
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(DO NOT HEAT THE GELLED FUEL CONTAINING COFFEE).
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Wax System
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Any of several common waxes can be used to gel gasoline for use as a
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flame fuel.
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MATERIALS REQUIRED:
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------------------
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Parts by Volume Ingredient How Used Common Source
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--------------- ---------- -------- -------------
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80 Gasoline Motor Fuel Gas station or motor vehicle
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20 Wax Leather polish, Food store, drug store,
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(Ozocerite, sealing wax, department store
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Mineral wax, candles,
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fossil wax, waxed paper,
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ceresin wax furniture &
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beeswax) floor waxes,
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lithographing.
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PROCEDURE
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---------
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1. Melt the wax and pour into jar or bottle which has been placed in a hot
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water bath.
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2. Add gasoline to the bottle.
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3. When wax has completely dissolved in the gasoline, allow the water bath to
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cool slowly to room temperature.
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NOTE: If a gel does not form, add additional wax (up to 40% by volume) and
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repeat the above steps. If no gel forms with 40% wax, make a Lye solution by
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dissolving a small amount of Lye (Sodium Hydroxide) in an equal amount of
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water. Add this solution (1/2% by volume) to the gasoline wax mix and shake
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bottle until a gel forms.
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Well, thats it, I omitted a few things because they where either redundant, or
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more aimed toward battle field conditions. Be careful, don't get caught, and
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have fun...
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