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ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ»
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º º
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ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ º
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ɼ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ º
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º Û ÜÜÜ Û Û ÜÜÜ Û Û ÜÜÜÜÛ Û ÜÜÜÜÛ Û ÜÜÜ Û º
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ɼ Û ÜÜÜÜÛ Û ÜÜÜ Û ÛÜÜÜÜ Û Û ÛÜÜÜÜ Û ÛÜÛ Û º
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º ÛÜÛ ÛÜÛ ÛÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ º
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º º
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º ÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ º
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Éͼ Û ÜÜ ÛÜ Û ÜÜ ÛÜ Û ÜÜÜÜÛ º
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º Û ÜÜÜ Û Û ÜÜÜ Û ÛÜÜÜÜ Û º
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ɼ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ º
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º º
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ÉÍͼ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÉÍÍͼ
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º Û Ü Ü Û Û ÜÜÜ Û Û ÜÜÜÜÛ Û ÜÜÜ Û ÛÜÜÜ ÜÛ ÛÜ ÜÛ Û ßÛÛ Û Û ÜÜÜÜÛ º
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ɼ Û Û Û Û Û ÜÜÜ Û Û ÛÜÜ Û Û ÜÜÜ Û ÜÛßÜÛÛÜ ÜÛ ÛÜ Û ÛÜß Û Û ÜÜÜÛÜ º
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ɼ ÛÜÛßÛÜÛ ÛÜÛ ÛÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ ÛÜÛ ÛÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÛ ÛÜÛßÛÜÛ ÛÜÜÜÜÜÛ º
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ÌÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÊÍÍÍ»
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º December 1996 Volume 4 Number 12 º
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ÇÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄĶ
|
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º Board of Trade BBS New Port Richey, Florida (813) 862-4772 º
|
||
ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ
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In This Issue
|
||
-------------
|
||
|
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þ NetDay '96 Highlights
|
||
- Including letters from President Clinton and Vice-President Gore
|
||
|
||
þ SPA and AOP Press Releases
|
||
|
||
þ Copyright Law: Part II
|
||
|
||
þ The BBS Glossary
|
||
|
||
þ Computer Basics
|
||
Written by Ed Garwood
|
||
|
||
þ Reviews, humor and all the latest news
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
Editor's Welcome
|
||
----------------
|
||
|
||
Happy holidays and welcome to the Pasco BBS Magazine.
|
||
|
||
I say it at the end of every year, and it is just as true now as it was in the
|
||
past, it is hard to believe that another year has flown by. The next issue of
|
||
this magazine will have a 1997 date on it, yes time flies. I certainly hope
|
||
1996 was a great year for everyone and hope that 1997 will bring all the best
|
||
for the readers of the Pasco BBS Magazine! I hope that everyone has a great
|
||
holiday season!
|
||
|
||
This month we offer continuing coverage of NetDay '96, highlighted by letters
|
||
that President Clinton and Vice-President Gore wrote about the nationwide
|
||
effort to wire our schools for the Internet. No, these were not letters
|
||
written exclusively for the Pasco BBS Magazine, and I have no knowledge that
|
||
the President and Vice-President have ever read this publication. This
|
||
month's issue also has our annual updated BBS Glossary and the second part of
|
||
the article on the Copyright Law. We also present both sides, by way of press
|
||
releases, on a code of standards developed by the Software Publishers
|
||
Association (SPA) for Internet Service Providers. The Association of Online
|
||
Professionals (AOP) is encouraging ISPs not to sign the SPA standards and the
|
||
press releases do make for interesting reading. As always, all our regular
|
||
features are back, including Ed Garwood's Computer Basics and all the latest
|
||
news.
|
||
|
||
Thanks for reading!
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
|
||
³ PASCO BBS MAGAZINE ³
|
||
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
|
||
³ Tampa Bay's Oldest Free On-line Magazine! ³
|
||
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
|
||
³ EDITOR: Richard Ziegler ³
|
||
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
|
||
³ HOME BBS: Board of Trade BBS (813) 862-4772 ³
|
||
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
|
||
³ World Wide Web Home Page: http://www.sanctum.com/pasco ³
|
||
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
NetDay '96 Highlights
|
||
---------------------
|
||
|
||
On Saturday October 26, 1996, thousands of volunteers installed computer
|
||
cables in schools across the United States. Organizers called it "a grass-
|
||
roots volunteer effort to wire schools so they can network their computers and
|
||
connect them to the Internet." The goal was "to wire at least five
|
||
schoolrooms and a library in every school in the United States." These
|
||
volunteers were parents, teachers, students, and school employees, with help
|
||
from companies and unions. An estimated 1,000 Florida schools were wired,
|
||
including eleven public schools in Pasco County.
|
||
|
||
In addition to the letter published in this issue, President Bill Clinton
|
||
endorsed the undertaking. "In our schools, every classroom in America must be
|
||
connected to the information superhighway, with computers and good software,
|
||
and well-trained teachers. NetDay96 is a great example of what volunteer
|
||
efforts can do for America's schools." Florida Governor Lawton Chiles has
|
||
called it "One of the most important days in the history of education in our
|
||
state."
|
||
|
||
Florida has plans for this to be an ongoing effort, as next year the game plan
|
||
is to concentrate on making sure the schools have the necessary hardware.
|
||
NetDay '96 co-founder Michael Kaufman has announced April 19, 1997 as next
|
||
year's target wiring date.
|
||
|
||
The Florida effort was organized by Barbara Sampson, who co-founded Intermedia
|
||
Communications, a Tampa based firm that coordinated the state's efforts.
|
||
Other companies joined in the effort and this article concludes with a list of
|
||
the Florida NetDay sponsors. 360 Communications; ALLTELL Florida, Inc.;
|
||
Anister, Anston, Greenless; Apple Computers; Arvida; Associated Networks; AT&T
|
||
Telecommunications of the Southern States, Inc.; AT&T Florida; ATS Services;
|
||
Barnett Bank; BellSouth; BICSI; Board of Regents; BOMA; Bosek Gibson; Broward
|
||
Economic Development Council, Inc.; Busch Entertainment Corporation; Cabletron
|
||
Systems; Cargill Fertilizer, Inc.; Channel 8; CitiCorp; Continental Florida;
|
||
CSX Technologies; Telecommunications, Inc.; CyberGate, Inc.; D & V Concepts,
|
||
Inc.; Danka Data Technologies; Davis Baldwin Insurance; DeNight Advertising;
|
||
Department of Banking & Finance; EEC; First Union; Florida Beer Wholesalers
|
||
Association Inc.; Florida Council on Economic Education; Florida Chamber
|
||
Foundation; Fowler, White, Gillen, Boggs, et al; Frontier Communications of
|
||
the South; FTIA; Gator Telecom; Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce; GTE; GTE
|
||
Mobilnet; Holland & Knight; IBM; Indiantown Telephone System, Inc.; Interim
|
||
Services; Intermedia Communications; International Transit; Internet Network
|
||
Corporation; Junior League of Tampa Bay; Kash n' Karry; Lenny & Vinny New York
|
||
Pizzeria and Bakery; Lunelle Siegel for Congress; Messer, Caparello, Madsen,
|
||
Goldman & Metz; Micro Data; MOSI; NationsBank; NationalTel; Northeast Florida
|
||
Telephone Company; One Buccaneer Place; Our Town USA; Outback Steak House;
|
||
PTS/ADN; Paradigm Communications; PCI; Pepin Distributing Company; Precision
|
||
Systems, Inc.; Progressive Business Solutions; Publix; Quantum Technology
|
||
QTSI; Quincy Telephone Company; Rutledge, Ecenia, Underwood, Purnell, Hoffman;
|
||
Ryder System, Inc.; St. Joseph's Telecommunications, Scott Lyle & Associates;
|
||
Shepard Electric Company; Sprint State University System of Florida; SunTrust
|
||
Bank, Miami; SunTrust Bank, Tampa Bay; System One Technologies; Tampa Bay
|
||
Business Journal; Tampa Chamber of Commerce; Tampa Sports Authority Stadium;
|
||
TECHMATiX; TECO; The Florida Council of 100; TTC-Telecommunications
|
||
Techniques; Universal Studios; University of Miami; USF; USF Department of
|
||
Business Administration; USF Department of Communication Sciences; USF
|
||
Department of Public Relations; US Navy; Vision Net; Waldec Group; WW Gay;
|
||
jb of Florida Inc.; Winn Dixie; and Xerox.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
NetDay '96: A Letter from President Bill Clinton
|
||
-------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
Date: October 26, 1996
|
||
|
||
To: All Americans
|
||
|
||
From: Bill Clinton (president@whitehouse.gov)
|
||
|
||
Subject: NetDay96
|
||
|
||
Today is NetDay in 18 states across the country. I want to thank the tens of
|
||
thousands of parents, businesspeople, students and teachers who are
|
||
volunteering their time and money to connect schools and classrooms to the
|
||
Internet. Last March, Vice President Gore and I joined in the first NetDay,
|
||
when one-fifth of California's schools were connected to the Net on one day.
|
||
This mission is critical, if we are to offer opportunity to all our young
|
||
people. In my State of the Union Address, I challenged Americans to connect
|
||
every classroom and library in America to the Information Superhighway by the
|
||
year 2000, with trained teachers and top quality educational software. NetDay
|
||
is an exciting response to that challenge. And this spring I proposed a $2
|
||
billion Technology Literacy Challenge, and I'm pleased that Congress has
|
||
responded by allocating more than $200 million for our first year alone.
|
||
|
||
The Internet is transforming our lives -- serving as our new town square,
|
||
changing the way we live, the way we work, and the way we learn. We are using
|
||
it to help families protect their health; we are finding cures for diseases by
|
||
posting the map of human genes; we are using it to track deadbeat parents; we
|
||
are making our government more accessible to the public. We must continue to
|
||
unlock its potential. I believe that libraries and schools should be given
|
||
free basic connections to the Internet, so that every student and every adult
|
||
will have free access to the wealth of knowledge it holds. And last month, I
|
||
proposed a $100 million commitment to improve and expand the Internet -- to
|
||
create the next generation of the Net.
|
||
|
||
I encourage all of you to join in this electronic "barnraising." NetDay is
|
||
just the first step -- let's make 1997 NetYear.
|
||
|
||
Bill Clinton
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
NetDay '96: A Letter from Vice President Al Gore
|
||
-------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
Date: October 26, 1996
|
||
|
||
To: All Americans
|
||
|
||
From: Al Gore (vice-president@whitehouse.gov)
|
||
|
||
Subject: NetDay96
|
||
|
||
On Saturday, October 26, 1996, thousands of volunteers in 18 states will begin
|
||
wiring their schools to the Information Superhighway. I congratulate all of
|
||
the organizers, sponsors and volunteers who are participating in this historic
|
||
and exciting effort. Throughout the fall, NetDay organizers aim to wire as
|
||
many as 25,000 schools across the country; more than 20 percent of all public
|
||
and private schools. And it's not just these 18 states getting involved. All
|
||
50 states are planning efforts to connect our young people to the future.
|
||
|
||
President Clinton and I helped to wire classrooms in March during the first
|
||
NetDay in California. Our goal is to ensure that every young person is
|
||
technologically literate by the 21st century. We must give them the tools
|
||
they need to be successful in the Information Age, and it starts in classrooms
|
||
and libraries across the country.
|
||
|
||
Technology is a powerful tool for teaching and learning. In schools that have
|
||
computers and access to the Internet, teachers can exchange lesson plans with
|
||
each other and communicate with parents via electronic mail. Students can log
|
||
into the Library of Congress to research a history paper, communicate in real-
|
||
time with scientists in Antarctica, and learn about the possibility of life on
|
||
Mars from the NASA home page on the World Wide Web. When students get hooked
|
||
on learning, test scores go up and dropout and absenteeism rates go down.
|
||
|
||
NetDay sponsors, organizers and volunteers help to build a bridge to the 21st
|
||
century for all of our nation's children -- rich and poor, urban and rural.
|
||
There is nothing more important then providing young people with the resources
|
||
and opportunities they need to succeed in the future.
|
||
|
||
Congratulations and thank you, again, to all of those participating in NetDays
|
||
across the country. For more information on NetDay activities in all 50
|
||
states, visit the NetDay home page at http://www.netday96.com
|
||
|
||
Al Gore
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
ÕÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑѸ
|
||
ÆØØØØØØØØØØØ Board of Trade BBS ØØØØØØØØØص
|
||
ÆØØØØØØØØØ New Port Richey, Florida ØØØØØØØص
|
||
ÆØØØØØØØ (813) 862-4772 ØØØØØص
|
||
ÆØØØØØ FidoNet: 1:3619/10 ØØØص
|
||
ÆØØØ Øص
|
||
ÆØ The Hobby BBS for the Entire Family! ص
|
||
³ ³
|
||
³ Pasco County's Information Source ³
|
||
³ Home of the Pasco BBS Magazine, DA BUCS and BBS Basics ³
|
||
³ ³
|
||
³ Call here FIRST for the BEST in Shareware ³
|
||
³ Official Distribution Site for the Most Popular Authors ³
|
||
ÆØ Øµ
|
||
ÆØØØ Supporting the Local Computer Community ØØص
|
||
ÆØØØØØ Local Author Support File Directory ØØØØص
|
||
ÆØØØØØØØ Official Support BBS for Pasco ComPats Computer Club ØØØØØØص
|
||
ÆØØØØØØØØØ ØØØØØØØص
|
||
ÆØØØØØØØØØØØ Member: AOP and EFF ØØØØØØØØØص
|
||
ÔÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏϾ
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
Computer Basics
|
||
---------------
|
||
|
||
Written by Ed Garwood, Hudson, FL
|
||
|
||
Copying Routines
|
||
|
||
One of the more important procedures in the use of the computer is the copying
|
||
of files from one disk to another. To accomplish this, DOS provides us with
|
||
three copying commands:
|
||
|
||
DISKCOPY, COPY, and XCOPY.
|
||
|
||
Each will permit us to transfer files, although in a different manner. First,
|
||
the procedure under DOS.
|
||
|
||
DISKCOPY - This is perhaps the easiest command to use, but it is also the most
|
||
restrictive. Using Diskcopy, one can transfer the entire contents of one disk
|
||
to another. However, the transfer must be accomplished between identical
|
||
floppy disks (not hard disks). You cannot transfer files from a 5 1/4" disk
|
||
to a 3 1/2" disk, or from a double-density disk to a high-density disk. Nor
|
||
can a Hard Disk be involved.
|
||
|
||
If you have two 5 1/4" disk drives, place the source disk (the one with the
|
||
files) in the A: drive, and the target (empty) disk in the B: drive. (The
|
||
target disk need not be pre-formatted, since it will be formatted
|
||
automatically during the copying procedure. Then, type: A:\> Diskcopy A: B:
|
||
and press <Enter>.
|
||
|
||
The computer will then copy ALL files from A to B. At the end, the target
|
||
disk will be an exact copy of the source disk.
|
||
|
||
If you have one 5 1/4" drive (A) and one 3 1/2" drive (B), there is a
|
||
different procedure. If the source disk is a 5 1/2" disk, place it in the
|
||
A: drive and type: A:\> Diskcopy A: A:
|
||
|
||
The computer will start transferring files from the source disk into memory.
|
||
Then it will prompt you to replace the source disk with the target disk (same
|
||
type), and press <Enter>. Depending on the amount of data on the source disk,
|
||
you may have to swap back and forth more than once. The screen will tell you
|
||
when to make the swap.
|
||
|
||
If you are copying a 3 1/2" disk, you would insert the source disk in the B:
|
||
drive and type: B:\> Diskcopy B: B:
|
||
|
||
The swapping procedure will be the same as described above.
|
||
|
||
COPY - This command is used when you only want to copy one file at a time, and
|
||
the disks need not be identical. You can copy between floppies, hard disk to
|
||
floppy, or floppy to hard disk.
|
||
|
||
To copy, say, from A: to B:, place the source disk in A: and a formatted disk
|
||
in B:. Then type: A:\> Copy filename.ext B:
|
||
|
||
When the copying is finished the screen will show: (1) File Copied
|
||
|
||
If you want to copy a second file, use the same procedure.
|
||
|
||
To copy from B: drive to Hard Disk, put the source disk in B: and type:
|
||
B: copy filename.ext C:
|
||
|
||
If there is a directory involved, the procedure is slightly different. For
|
||
instance, say you have a Directory entitled WORDPRO on your C: drive, and you
|
||
want to copy a file from the 3 1/2" disk to the C: drive WORDPRO directory.
|
||
Type: B:\> COPY filename.ext C:\Wordpro
|
||
|
||
If the file to be transferred from B: was in a directory of its own, such as
|
||
SPEEDPRO, you would have to type: B:\> CD\SPEEDPRO and press <Enter>.
|
||
Then, at the prompt B: SPEEDPRO\> you would type: COPY filename.ext c:\WORDPRO
|
||
and the file would be transferred.
|
||
|
||
NOTE: If you wanted to copy all of the files on the source disk to another
|
||
disk, you could type the command:
|
||
|
||
A:\> COPY *.* B: (*.* is a wild card command)
|
||
|
||
You would use this procedure when you want to copy an entire disk and the
|
||
second disk was NOT identical, and therefore you could not use DISKCOPY.
|
||
|
||
XCOPY - This command works much like COPY, but is used when you want to copy
|
||
all files in the a certain directory. For instance, to copy files in the DOCS
|
||
directory, including those in a sub-directory, the command would be:
|
||
|
||
A:\> XCOPY A:\DOCS B: /s/e
|
||
|
||
The /s switch tells the computer to include sub-directories, and the /e switch
|
||
says "include empty sub-directories, if any." If the s/switch is used, the /e
|
||
switch must be used.
|
||
|
||
NOTE: You can use XCOPY with the wild card *.* symbol if you want to copy a
|
||
diskful of individual files. The command would be: A: XCOPY *.* B:
|
||
|
||
You will see that this is the same as the wild card example we used in the
|
||
COPY command discussion above. In this case, using XCOPY means a faster
|
||
transfer of files than if one used the COPY command.
|
||
|
||
There is one other very practical use for XCOPY, and that is using it as a
|
||
backup program to back up a large number of files requiring more than one
|
||
floppy disk. If you have a number of files you wish to back up, go to the
|
||
hard disk directory which you wish to back up, and (assuming you wish to copy
|
||
to the A: drive) type Attrib +A *.*. This puts the Archive attribute on all
|
||
of the files. Then type XCOPY *.* a: /m and press <Enter>. The files will be
|
||
copied to the A Drive. When the A drive disk is full, you will see the
|
||
message: Insufficient Disk Space.
|
||
|
||
At this point, remove the A drive disk and replace it with another (formatted)
|
||
disk, and press the F3 key. Then press <Enter>. XCOPY will take up where it
|
||
left off, copying more files to the second disk. Continue this procedure
|
||
until you know you have copied all of the file you wished to copy, or you get
|
||
the message: 0 Files copied.
|
||
|
||
You now have your backed-up files on disks. Label them and put them away. If
|
||
you ever want to copy them back to the hard disk, use the command:
|
||
|
||
XCOPY *.* c:\(directory)
|
||
|
||
feeding each new disk as desired.
|
||
|
||
There are other ways to use the copying commands, especially XCOPY, but the
|
||
ones cited here are the most common. For further information, consult your
|
||
DOS instruction manual.
|
||
|
||
Copying under WINDOWS.
|
||
|
||
The procedures under Windows are somewhat different. For instance, you will
|
||
not see the terms Diskcopy or Xcopy in Windows, although you can actually
|
||
accomplish the same effect.
|
||
|
||
First, open your File Manager. Assuming you will copy from A drive, click on
|
||
the A (upper left corner of the window). Now, to make a copy of your disk
|
||
(Like DISKCOPY), click on the DISK heading, and then click on 'Copy Disk'. A
|
||
new window will open, and you will see that the two boxes therein already are
|
||
set for Drive A. Click on OK and follows further prompts.
|
||
|
||
NOTE: as in the DOS instance above, you can copy this way ONLY to a disk that
|
||
is exactly the same as the source disk. Otherwise, you will get an error
|
||
message that the disks are not compatible.
|
||
|
||
To copy individual files to another disk, open File Manager, and highlight the
|
||
file to be copied. Click on the FILE heading, and then click on 'Copy'. This
|
||
will open the Copy window. Your file name will already be listed in the FROM:
|
||
box. Go to the TO: box and enter the Drive you wish to copy to, and click on
|
||
OK.
|
||
|
||
If you wish to copy all of the files, do not highlight a file name. Just
|
||
click on Copy, and in the Copy window, go to the FROM: box. Type in A:\*.* to
|
||
show you want to copy ALL files. Then, go to the TO: box and type in the
|
||
destination drive. Click on OK and follow any prompts.
|
||
|
||
Editor's Note: Look for another installment of Computer Basics in next
|
||
month's issue. Ed Garwood may be contacted by leaving a message on the Board
|
||
of Trade BBS at (813) 862-4772. He is also active in the Pasco ComPats
|
||
Computer Club. The club meets the second and fourth Thursday of the month at
|
||
the New Port Richey City Council Chambers at the intersection of Main and
|
||
Madison Streets in New Port Richey, Florida. For more information about the
|
||
Pasco ComPats Computer Club, contact club President Robert Donbar at (813)
|
||
863-3963.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
*****************************************************************************
|
||
ATTENTION to Details BBS Clint Bradford, KE6LCS - Sysop
|
||
Mira Loma, California BBS (909) 681-6221 BBS
|
||
Excellence...Across the Board!(sm) Voice Support (909) 681-6210
|
||
|
||
Supporting BBS Member: AOP - Association of Online Professionals
|
||
ASP - Association of Shareware Professionals
|
||
EFF - Electronic Frontier Foundation
|
||
ESC - Educational Software Cooperative
|
||
NCSA - National Computer Security Association
|
||
|
||
Message Networks: MustangNet USNet CoveNet Internet
|
||
MysticNet ILink HamRadioNet
|
||
|
||
Official Bulletin Station of the ARRL - American Radio Relay League
|
||
ATTENTION to Details BBS is managed in compliance with the
|
||
AOP and NCSA Codes of Professional Standards
|
||
*****************************************************************************
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
EFF Quote of the Month
|
||
----------------------
|
||
|
||
"There are a lot of dumb people with powerful tools."
|
||
|
||
- Jonah Seiger, EFF Program Coordinator, 1994
|
||
|
||
Editor's Note: The Electronic Frontier Foundation Quote of the Month is a
|
||
collection of the wittiest and stupidest, most sublime and most inane comments
|
||
ever said about cryptography, civil liberties, networking, government,
|
||
privacy, and more. For more information on the Electronic Frontier
|
||
Foundation, contact the EFF via the Internet, phone, fax, or US Mail. The
|
||
Electronic Frontier Foundation, 1001 G Street NW, Suite 950 E, Washington, DC
|
||
20001, (202) 347-5400 (voice), (202) 393-5509 (fax), (202) 638-6119 (BBS),
|
||
Internet: ask@eff.org.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
²²²²± ²²± ²²± ²²± ²²²²²²²± ²²± ²²± ²²²²± THE NEWS
|
||
²²± ²²± ²²± ²²± ²²²± ²²± ²²± ²± ²²± ²²± ²²± ²²± DIRECTORY
|
||
²²± ²²± ²²± ²²²²±²²± ²²±²± ²²± ²²± ²²²±
|
||
²²± ²²± ²²±²²²²± ²²²²± ²²±²±²²± ²²²± A brief look
|
||
²²± ²²± ²²± ²²²± ²²±²± ²²²²²²²± ²²²± at some of
|
||
²²± ²²± ²²± ²²± ²²± ²²± ²²± ²± ²²²±²²²± ²²± ²²± the news of
|
||
²²²²± ²²± ²± ²²± ²²± ²²²²²²²± ²²± ²²± ²²²²± the month
|
||
|
||
International Business Machines (IBM) had $1.29 billion in net income for the
|
||
quarter ending September 30, 1996. This was a 1.4 percent decline from the
|
||
same quarter last year. Microsoft Corp. reported $614 million in profits for
|
||
the same quarter, which was a 23 percent increase from the previous year.
|
||
|
||
Popular humor columnist Dave Barry has written a new book called "Dave Barry
|
||
in Cyberspace." In it he states that the World Wide Web operates at the speed
|
||
of the Department of Motor Vehicles and that the Internet is run by a 13 year
|
||
old named Jason. The book has been released by Crown Publishing.
|
||
|
||
Computer Gaming World magazine celebrated its 15th anniversary by publishing a
|
||
list of the 150 Best Games of All Time. Microprose's 1993 release of Sid
|
||
Meier's Civilization was listed as the number one game. The special November
|
||
1996 "Collector's Issue" also listed the 50 Worst Games of All Time. For
|
||
additional information check out their site on the World Wide Web at
|
||
http://www.zd.com/gaming.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
S H A R E W A R E R E V I E W
|
||
|
||
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
|
||
³ Program ³ Telemate for Windows ³
|
||
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
|
||
³ Author/Vendor ³ White River Software ³
|
||
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
|
||
³ Special Requirements ³ Windows ³
|
||
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
|
||
|
||
Telemate for Windows Review
|
||
---------------------------
|
||
|
||
The DOS version of the Shareware communications package Telemate has been
|
||
around for years and is known for its ease of setup. That original version
|
||
was one that I have suggested that new modem users evaluate, as it would get
|
||
them up and running in no time. Telemate for Windows shares that some ease of
|
||
setup.
|
||
|
||
Winfred Hu and White River Software have created a very easy to use
|
||
telecommunications program, while not sacrificing any of the features one
|
||
would desire in a sophisticated communications package. The program has many
|
||
options to maintain your dialing directory, including sorting by user defined
|
||
criteria and changing the total number of entries in the directory. There is
|
||
the ability to save a session to a log file, or to browse through the scroll
|
||
back buffer. Telemate has search features, full script options, and you can
|
||
enter your name and password at the click of a mouse. The built in protocols
|
||
are Zmodem, Ymodem-G, Ymodem, Xmodem-CRC, Xmodem-1K and Xmodem. Users can
|
||
view image files as they are downloading.
|
||
|
||
Telemate for Windows quickly installs on either Windows 3.1 or Windows 95.
|
||
There are configuration options to setup the screen, and windows, to however
|
||
the user desires. The program may be registered for $39.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
ROTFL!
|
||
------
|
||
|
||
Computer humor courtesy of Sandy Illes
|
||
|
||
Thank You For Your Flame (c)1995 Sandy Illes
|
||
|
||
Your recent reply has warmed my heart as well as other exterior body parts. I
|
||
thank God every day that you are willing to let the sun continue to shine. It
|
||
must be so lonely in this world for one of such immortal stature as yourself.
|
||
|
||
Although your post contained (pick as many as required):
|
||
|
||
__ Spelling mistakes
|
||
__ Grammatical errors
|
||
__ An off-topic message
|
||
__ Language that could curl Rambo's hair
|
||
__ A profusion of fallacies
|
||
__ Proof that you are probably legally insane
|
||
__ An X-rated GIF of your mother
|
||
|
||
it isn't necessary to apologize since I know how hard it must be for a God-
|
||
like creature such as yourself to rule the world and still have time to proof-
|
||
read.
|
||
|
||
In the future, I intend to (pick as many as required):
|
||
|
||
__ Build a monument to you out of manure, as befits your stature
|
||
__ Kill your dog
|
||
__ Give your name to Rush Limbaugh and tell him that you're a LIBERAL
|
||
__ Turn you in as a tax cheat
|
||
__ Mail your boss that X-rated GIF of you and the German Shepherd in the hot
|
||
tub
|
||
__ Ignore you and hope you'll go away
|
||
|
||
|
||
It is with great hope that I tell you:
|
||
|
||
__ Get a life
|
||
__ Grow up
|
||
__ Try using Neet to get rid of the hair on your palms
|
||
__ Go tell someone who cares
|
||
|
||
Editor's Note: Thank you to ROTFL Digest!, and its editor Sandy Illes for
|
||
allowing the above to be reprinted from a prior issue of the on-line humor
|
||
magazine. ROTFL Digest! is published by Access Media Systems, which may be
|
||
contacted at (905) 847-7143, or (905) 847-7362. You may also email Sandy
|
||
Illes at sandyi@pathcom.com, or visit their home page on the World Wide Web at
|
||
http://www.pathcom.com/~sandyi.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ»
|
||
º º
|
||
º ßÛß ÛßßÛ ÛßßÛ Ûßßß ÛßÛ Ûßßß ÛßßÛ ÛßßÛ ÛßßÛ ßßÛßß Û Û ÛßÛßÛ º
|
||
º Û Û Û Û Û Ûß ÛßßÛ ßßßÛ ÛßßÛ Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û Û º
|
||
º ßßß ß ß ß ß ßßßß ß ß ßßßß ß ß ß ß ßßßß ß ßßßß ß ß º
|
||
º º
|
||
º ÛßÛ ÛßÛ Ûßßß º
|
||
º ÛßßÛ ÛßßÛ ßßßÛ º
|
||
º ßßßß ßßßß ßßßß º
|
||
º º
|
||
º Since 1985 - Pasco County's Oldest BBS º
|
||
º º
|
||
º Sysops - Rob & Carolyn Marlowe º
|
||
º º
|
||
º Popular Chat Board, On-Line Games, CD-ROMS, Internet, FidoNet º
|
||
º º
|
||
º Ten Lines - (813) 848-6055 Voice - (813) 845-0893 º
|
||
º º
|
||
º telenet: sanctum.com º
|
||
º º
|
||
º READ THE PASCO BBS MAGAZINE AT: http://www.sanctum.com/pasco º
|
||
º º
|
||
ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
PBM Flashback - December 1995
|
||
-----------------------------
|
||
|
||
In last year's December issue, the Pasco BBS Magazine ran three different
|
||
updated renditions of the traditional holiday poem The Night Before Christmas.
|
||
These versions were about computers, and had titles like "The Sysop's Night
|
||
Before Christmas" and "The Electronic Christmas." These, and other variations
|
||
on the same theme, have been floating around cyberspace for years. Here is
|
||
one of the modern day adaptations that ran in last year's December issue of
|
||
the Pasco BBS Magazine.
|
||
|
||
T'was The Night Before Christmas (or the Electronic Christmas)
|
||
|
||
T'was the night before Christmas and all thru the house,
|
||
Not a creature was stirring, not even a mouse.
|
||
The Sysop was sitting there smoking his pipe,
|
||
While the modem was waiting for someone to type.
|
||
|
||
Then all of a sudden the modem went click,
|
||
Login appears and typed was 'Saint Nick'.
|
||
'North Pole' was entered for the location,
|
||
and then he completed the short application.
|
||
|
||
I sat there a second, stunned and confused,
|
||
And the system responded, "Application Approved."
|
||
I said to myself, "No, this cannot be!"
|
||
"To get approval you must have a key."
|
||
|
||
The disks went spinning and the modem was flashing,
|
||
Messages went scrolling and I thought it was crashing.
|
||
Then as quick as it started the modem went click,
|
||
The screen returned normal and the lights went flick.
|
||
|
||
I heard a loud sound and I peeked out the window,
|
||
And I got a quick peek at a big jolly fellow.
|
||
Carrying a bag full of presents and marvelous toys,
|
||
For all the world's good little girls and boys.
|
||
|
||
I turned and I looked back under the tree;
|
||
Presents stretched out as far as I could see.
|
||
There were big ones and little ones all carefully wrapped,
|
||
With ribbons and bows; they were all neatly stacked.
|
||
|
||
My pager was beeping and to the board I did run,
|
||
But no one was calling, they must have been done.
|
||
I logged on the system to check the disk out,
|
||
And I found what Christmas was really about.
|
||
|
||
The Upload dir was filled with public domain
|
||
With games and utilities and much of the same.
|
||
For users to download and use as they please,
|
||
Left there by Saint Nick for all to see.
|
||
|
||
And when in the message base I started to look.
|
||
Addressed there were messages filling a book.
|
||
The message was simple and definitely right,
|
||
Merry Christmas to All, and to All, a good night!
|
||
|
||
Editor's Note: PBM Flashback will appear on a regular basis in future issues.
|
||
Each issue will have this brief look back at some of the features which have
|
||
appeared over the history of the Pasco BBS Magazine.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
S H A R E W A R E R E V I E W
|
||
|
||
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
|
||
³ Program ³ CyberDice ³
|
||
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
|
||
³ Author/Vendor ³ MoraffWare ³
|
||
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
|
||
³ Special Requirements ³ Windows 95 ³
|
||
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
|
||
|
||
CyberDice Review
|
||
----------------
|
||
|
||
Steve Moraff is known for writing easy to play and graphically intensive
|
||
Shareware games. His company, MoraffWare, have released a new series of
|
||
programs for Windows 95 and many of the new games are updated versions of the
|
||
their DOS based classics. CyberDice is a new game based on the classic game
|
||
of Yahtzee. It could be one of the best implementation of the classic five
|
||
dice game.
|
||
|
||
The program has everything one would expect, including colorful graphics,
|
||
effective sound effects and many options. Try for the high score in a typical
|
||
game, or play against an opponent. Play the standard game, or play triple-
|
||
wide Mega-CyberDice for an extra challenge. This easy to use program is a
|
||
must for Yahtzee fans.
|
||
|
||
Moraff's new Windows 95 game collection deserves a look. With CyberDice,
|
||
along with titles like MoreTris, Radiation and Cyber Pinball, the company
|
||
should see plenty of registrations. These game programs are very delightful
|
||
efforts.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
SPA Press Release
|
||
-----------------
|
||
|
||
SPA Files Copyright Suits Against ISPs and End Users
|
||
|
||
October 10, 1996 - Washington, D.C. - The Software Publishers Association
|
||
(SPA) announced today that it has filed five civil lawsuits for copyright
|
||
infringement occurring on the Internet. Three of the lawsuits were filed
|
||
against Internet service providers (ISPs), and the remaining two were filed
|
||
against individual end users. Additionally, SPA launched its Internet Anti-
|
||
Piracy Campaign, which includes education and enforcement components, in an
|
||
effort to educate and work cooperatively with ISPs regarding copyright
|
||
infringement.
|
||
|
||
ISP lawsuits were filed on October 7 and 8 against Community ConneXion of
|
||
Oakland, Calif.; GeoCities of Beverly Hills, Calif.; and Tripod Inc. of
|
||
Williamstown, Mass. The SPA members named as plaintiffs in all three suits
|
||
were Adobe Systems Inc., Claris Corp. and Traveling Software Inc. In each
|
||
case, SPA first contacted the ISP and requested that the infringing material
|
||
be removed, but the ISP failed to respond and cooperate.
|
||
|
||
SPA also filed suit against Jeffrey Workman of Auburn, WV, and Patricia Kropff
|
||
of Scottsdale, Pa, on behalf of Adobe Systems Inc., Claris Corp., Corel Corp.,
|
||
Datastorm Technologies Inc. and Novell, Inc. In each of these instances, SPA
|
||
received reports of alleged copyright infringement on certain Web sites, and
|
||
with the assistance of the ISPs, tracked the individuals responsible for
|
||
posting the infringing material.
|
||
|
||
"These lawsuits send a clear signal to ISPs and end users that neither direct
|
||
nor contributory copyright infringement will be tolerated. The Internet does
|
||
not provide a safe haven for these types of activities," said Ken Wasch, SPA
|
||
president.
|
||
|
||
SPA's Internet Anti-Piracy Campaign (IAPC), which is outlined at
|
||
http://www.spa.org/piracy/iapc.htm, contains information explaining why ISPs
|
||
may be liable for copyright infringement, the risks involved and seven warning
|
||
signs that infringing activity may be taking place on the ISP's server.
|
||
Additionally, ISPs may sign an ISP Code of Conduct to show they have adopted
|
||
the operating practices encouraged under the copyright law.
|
||
|
||
Upon receiving a report of alleged copyright infringement on the Internet,
|
||
SPA confirms the unlawful activity and sends a letter to the ISP servicing the
|
||
infringing user. In most cases, the ISP cooperates and remedies the
|
||
situation. If the infringing user can be identified -- as alleged in the
|
||
Workman and Kropff cases -- SPA may then choose to seek action against the end
|
||
user. If the ISP is unwilling to stop the unlawful activity, SPA may choose
|
||
to file suit against the ISP.
|
||
|
||
"Our intentions are to work cooperatively with ISPs. A key element of the
|
||
IAPC is the ISP Education Program devoted to alerting ISPs to their potential
|
||
liability and providing them with the tools and guidance to protect
|
||
themselves," said Joshua Bauchner, SPA's Litigation Coordinator.
|
||
|
||
"The IAPC maintains SPA's traditional balance between education and
|
||
enforcement. We first make contact in an effort to amicably resolve the
|
||
matter, and only when absolutely necessary do we turn to litigation."
|
||
|
||
An integral part of the cooperative effort between SPA and ISPs is the ISP
|
||
Code of Conduct. This simple agreement asks that ISPs protect themselves from
|
||
liability by stopping pirate activity on their systems. In return, SPA will
|
||
attempt to contact the ISP if it receives a piracy report concerning it --
|
||
before initiating other action.
|
||
|
||
Piracy has taken many forms on the Internet. These include making
|
||
unauthorized copies of software available for download, the posting of serial
|
||
numbers, cracker and hacker utilities and links to pirate FTP sites. Although
|
||
many believe piracy is limited to "warez" or illegal copies of software, it
|
||
extends beyond that narrow definition. Under the law, anyone who knows -- or
|
||
should have known -- of the infringement and who assists, encourages or
|
||
induces the infringement is liable for indirect infringement. In each of the
|
||
actions SPA filed, at least two of the above infringements were present.
|
||
|
||
For additional information please visit the Internet Anti-Piracy Campaign site
|
||
at http://www.spa.org/piracy/iapc.htm. The ISP Education Program information
|
||
is available at http://www.spa.org/piracy/ispinfo.htm. To report a case of
|
||
piracy please contact SPA's hotline at (800) 388-7478, piracy@spa.org or
|
||
complete an on-line intake form at http://www.spa.org/piracy/pirreprt.htm.
|
||
|
||
SPA is the leading trade association of the desktop software industry,
|
||
representing the leading publishers as well as many start-up firms in the
|
||
business, home office, consumer, education and entertainment markets. Its
|
||
1,200 members account for 85 percent of the sales of the U.S. packaged
|
||
software industry. SPA press releases are available through fax on demand at
|
||
(800) 637-6823.
|
||
|
||
Editor's Note: For additional information contact David Phelps at (202) 452-
|
||
1600, extension 320, or via email at dphelps@spa.org. The Software Publishers
|
||
Association can also be reached on the World Wide Web at http://www.spa.org.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
AOP Legal Issues Alert (Friday, November 1, 1996)
|
||
-------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
SPA "ISP Code Of Conduct" (Please give the widest possible distribution)
|
||
|
||
Recently, as part of its efforts to fight software piracy on the Internet, the
|
||
Software Publishers Association created an "ISP Code of Conduct" and has asked
|
||
many ISPs to sign and return a copy to the SPA.
|
||
|
||
WHILE THE FINAL DECISION RESTS WITH YOU, AOP STRONGLY RECOMMENDS THAT YOU NOT
|
||
SIGN THIS DOCUMENT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES.
|
||
|
||
The "Code" presents a position that the SPA would like to have written into
|
||
the law when Congress reviews copyright law next year.
|
||
|
||
Signature of this "Code" would mean that you voluntarily accept burdens and
|
||
obligations that are not required under any existing copyright laws.
|
||
Specifically, you would agree to appoint a "compliance officer" whose job
|
||
would be to ensure:
|
||
|
||
> That the unauthorized reproduction and/or distribution of copyrighted
|
||
computer programs does not occur on or through your servers, a job that
|
||
would require active monitoring of not only your subscribers but all
|
||
Internet traffic through your servers.
|
||
|
||
> That information that appears to have been posted to be used to circumvent
|
||
manufacturer-installed copy-protect devices in computer programs, including,
|
||
but not limited to, serial numbers and cracker utilities, not be posted on
|
||
your servers, another commitment that will require the active monitoring of
|
||
subscribers.
|
||
|
||
> That the linking of one or more sites on your servers to other sites that
|
||
contain pirated computer programs and/or cracker material does not take
|
||
place unless such linking clearly appears to be intended for lawful
|
||
purposes. This commitment requires you make a legal determination of the
|
||
intent of your subscribers, and to monitor their activities in posting links
|
||
from their web sites.
|
||
|
||
Your agreement to this program, and signature of this document, could be used
|
||
by the SPA to show support among ISPs for legislation that would specifically
|
||
make you liable for the acts of your subscribers. It could also be used to
|
||
support legislation that would require you to monitor all of the acts of your
|
||
subscribers and any other information that passes through your servers.
|
||
|
||
In short, agreement to the SPA "Code" could significantly increase your
|
||
administrative burden, require that you accept the role of "software
|
||
policeman" for the entire Internet, accept responsibility for the acts of
|
||
others over which you have no control, and help the SPA pave the way for
|
||
legislation that would make you legally liable in court for failure to comply
|
||
with one or another of the impossible requirements of the SPA Code.
|
||
|
||
AOP and its members have always voiced support for the rights of copyright
|
||
holders. Article VI of the AOP Code of Professional Standards already
|
||
addresses the obligations of ISPs with regard to intellectual property:
|
||
|
||
"VI. Members shall respect the rights of the owners of intellectual
|
||
properties, including software authors, providing proper diligence and
|
||
reasonable effort to prevent the infringement of copyrights, patents and other
|
||
protections."
|
||
|
||
If you determine or receive notification that a subscriber to your system is
|
||
making infringing material available through your server, it would be prudent
|
||
to remove the allegedly infringing material from your system as expeditiously
|
||
as possible after you receive such notification. In addition, you are
|
||
strongly encouraged to terminate the access of any subscriber who is a repeat
|
||
infringer of copyright law.
|
||
|
||
If you find yourself facing an action with regard to alleged copyright
|
||
infringement, particularly "contributory copyright infringement", please
|
||
notify the AOP immediately so that we can review your situation and provide
|
||
you with appropriate support and/or legal defense resources.
|
||
|
||
Dave McClure (703) 924-9692 (703) 924-9594 Fax
|
||
Executive Director (703) 264-1750 BBS Telnet aop.org
|
||
Assn of Online Professionals http://www.aop.org info@aop.org
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
ÜÛÜ
|
||
ÜÜÛß
|
||
ÜÜÛÛßß
|
||
ÜÜÛÛßß ÜÛÜ
|
||
ÜÜÛÛßß ÜÜÛßß
|
||
ÜÜÛÛßß ÜÜÛßß
|
||
ÜÛÛß ÜÛßß ÛÛ þßßßÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ
|
||
ÞÛß ÜÛßß ÛÛÛÛ ÜÜ ßÛÛÛÛÜ ÛÛ ßÛÛÜ
|
||
ÛÛ Ûß ÛÛ ÛÛÛ ÜÛß ßÛÛÛÛ ÛÛ ÛÛ
|
||
ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÛÛÛ ÜÛß ÛÛÝ ÛÛÛ ÜÛÛ ßÛÛÛ ÛÛ ÜÜÛÛß
|
||
þßßßßßßßßßßßßß þßßßßß ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛ ÛÛ þß
|
||
ÜÜÜÜ ÞÛÛÜÜ ÛÛÛßßßßßßÛÛÛ ßÛÛÛÜ ÛÛß ÛÛ
|
||
þßßßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÜ ÞÛÛÜÜ ßßßÛÛÜÜÜÜ ÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛß ÛÛ
|
||
ßßÛÛÜÜ ßßßÛÛÜÜÜÜ ÜÛÛÛßÛÛÝ ÛÛÛÛþ ßÛÛÛÛÜÜÛß ÜÛÛÛ
|
||
ßßÛÛÜ ßßÛÛÝ ÞÛ
|
||
ÛÛÝ ÞÛ ÜÛßß Association of Online Professionals
|
||
ÜÜÛÛß ÜÛßß ÛÜ 7578 B Telegraph Road
|
||
ÜÛÛßß ÛÜ ßÛþ Suite 635
|
||
ÛÛ ßÛþ Alexandria, VA 22315
|
||
ßßÛÜþ (703) 924-9692 (Voice)
|
||
Telenet: aop.org
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
The BBS Glossary
|
||
----------------
|
||
|
||
Access - To use a BBS, as in accessing, or the amount you can use it, as in
|
||
access level.
|
||
|
||
ANSI - While actually an acronym for the American National Standards
|
||
Institute, it refers to the widely used graphics on BBSs.
|
||
|
||
Archive - A file which has been compressed, or at least stored, under a
|
||
specific name. This allows for faster transfer times and the grouping of
|
||
related files. Originally meant for files with an .ARC extension.
|
||
|
||
ASCII - An acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange
|
||
which is the most common format for text files.
|
||
|
||
Automatic Redial - Automatic redialing by a modem, when it receives a busy
|
||
signal. Many communications programs have this feature.
|
||
|
||
Batch - A group of files which are either downloaded or uploaded, commonly
|
||
called a Batch File Transfer.
|
||
|
||
Baud Rate - The speed of the modem connection, the higher the rate the faster
|
||
data travels.
|
||
|
||
Bulletin - Text which the Sysop has made available to users. Bulletins may be
|
||
informational or educational, give the high game scores, or whatever the Sysop
|
||
deems appropriate.
|
||
|
||
Bulletin Board System (BBS) - A computer hooked up to a modem so that other
|
||
people can call and access information, files or games.
|
||
|
||
Bits Per Second (BPS) - The rate data is transmitted through a modem
|
||
connection. Increases with the baud rate.
|
||
|
||
Caller - Someone who accesses a bulletin board from a remote location.
|
||
|
||
Capture - Saving text from BBS display to a file on the remote computer
|
||
normally in ASCII format. A built-in feature of most communications programs.
|
||
|
||
Chat - The ability to communicate with users on other lines (or nodes).
|
||
Callers can chat back and forth in a live conversation.
|
||
|
||
Common Carrier - A regulated organization, such as the telephone company, that
|
||
provides telecommunications services for public use.
|
||
|
||
Communications Software - Computer program which allows for easier calling of
|
||
BBSs. Some software packages have all kinds of advanced features and many are
|
||
quite easy to set-up.
|
||
|
||
COM Port - This serial port is where the modem is plugged into personal
|
||
computers. However, data communications are not the only use for these ports,
|
||
as many times a mouse may use a COM port. These ports are commonly referred
|
||
to COM1, COM2, etc.
|
||
|
||
Compressed File - A file, or group of files, which have been reduced in size
|
||
using compression utilities. A compressed file uses less disk space and
|
||
speeds up transfer times.
|
||
|
||
Conference - A separate area on a BBS which is directed at specific topics.
|
||
Conferences almost always have their own message base, and some have their own
|
||
file directories or doors.
|
||
|
||
CPS - Characters per Seconds. A way to measure the speed of data
|
||
transmissions. The CPS increases with the baud rate.
|
||
|
||
Dedicated Line - A telephone, or data, line that is always available for use.
|
||
Most bulletin boards are setup on a dedicated line and are available 24 hours
|
||
a day.
|
||
|
||
Default - Refers to settings used by BBS or communications software. Many
|
||
times the preset configuration works fine, especially for new users.
|
||
|
||
Door - A program with has been added onto the BBS, but is not part of the BBS
|
||
software itself. Sysops customize their board by adding game or utility type
|
||
doors.
|
||
|
||
Download - Receiving data from a BBS through the modem connection. Downloads
|
||
from BBSs are known as files.
|
||
|
||
Drop Carrier - Hanging up on a BBS without following the proper log-off
|
||
procedures. Occasionally can happen on either end unintentionally.
|
||
|
||
Echo Mail - Public messages which go out over a BBS network.
|
||
|
||
E-Mail - Electronic mail, which is sent on computers in the form of messages.
|
||
|
||
Emoticon - Emoticon is short for emotional icon and are sometimes called
|
||
smileys, which are typically found within e-mail to convey an emotion. For
|
||
example, the most common emoticon is the smiling happy face, :), which means
|
||
the comment should be taken tongue-in-cheek.
|
||
|
||
Encryption - The process of encoding communications data for higher security.
|
||
|
||
External Protocol - File transfer protocol which is not actually built into
|
||
the particular BBS, or communications software, but must be accessed
|
||
externally.
|
||
|
||
FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions. A text file which answers common questions
|
||
about a particular subject. One example would be questions that new BBS users
|
||
may have.
|
||
|
||
Fax/Modem - A modem which has the ability to send and receive facsimile
|
||
transmissions (faxes).
|
||
|
||
Fax Software - Software which works in conjunction with a Fax/Modem to send
|
||
and receive faxes. Many software packages have options such as converting
|
||
faxes to ASCII or other text formats.
|
||
|
||
FidoNet - The largest bulletin board based message network echoing mail with
|
||
thousands of systems worldwide.
|
||
|
||
File - Data transferred through the modem connection for use on the receiving
|
||
computer. Files can be complete programs, informational text, graphic images
|
||
or many other formats.
|
||
|
||
Flame - Messages which contain criticisms, angry statements or direct personal
|
||
attacks. Two or more people participating in this type of exchange is
|
||
referred to as a "Flame War."
|
||
|
||
Forum - See conference.
|
||
|
||
Freeware - Software which is legally copyrighted, however, the author asks for
|
||
no monetary compensation for the program.
|
||
|
||
Gateway - An option which allows a BBS caller to dial out to another BBS.
|
||
|
||
GIF - Graphics Interchange Format. Common standard for graphics files found
|
||
on-line. A file with a GIF extension is typically a picture and software is
|
||
required to view the image.
|
||
|
||
Hacker - A person who gains access to computer systems illegally, usually from
|
||
a personal computer.
|
||
|
||
Handshake - The handshake sequence is what modems perform when first making a
|
||
connection, as the modems agree on the most efficient way to transfer data.
|
||
|
||
HS/Link - This is a relatively new file transfer protocol. It is a high
|
||
speed, single and bi-directional file transfer protocol with many advanced
|
||
features.
|
||
|
||
Information Super-Highway - A buzz word created by the media to describe the
|
||
current and future uses of telecommunications technology.
|
||
|
||
Internal Protocol - File transfer protocol which is built into the particular
|
||
BBS or communications software.
|
||
|
||
Internet - A rapidly growing computer based network which includes bulletin
|
||
boards, educational and government institutions, on-line services and
|
||
businesses all over the world. Millions of people are now accessing the
|
||
Internet for electronic mail and other information.
|
||
|
||
ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network. The next generation of telephone
|
||
technology designed to provide real time transmission in a digital format.
|
||
Already installed in some places.
|
||
|
||
ISP - Internet Service Provider. A BBS, or other company, that offers
|
||
individual access to the Internet.
|
||
|
||
ITU-T - International Telecommunications Union (Telecommunications sector).
|
||
Formerly known as CCITT, this organization sets the international standards
|
||
for telegraphic and telephone equipment. Sets modems standards, such as the
|
||
recent V.34 standard for 28.8 baud transmissions.
|
||
|
||
JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group. A standard for compressed graphics
|
||
files found on-line. A file with a JPG extension is typically a picture and
|
||
software is required to view the image.
|
||
|
||
Line Noise - Static which can occur during a modem connection due to the fact
|
||
that the telephone system was originally designed for voice.
|
||
|
||
Local - Use of the BBS at its physical location. Typically, the Sysop
|
||
accessing the BBS software directly.
|
||
|
||
Log-on - Calling a BBS, and going through the most common procedure of giving
|
||
name and password.
|
||
|
||
Lurking - Someone who reads messages without participating. Typically, there
|
||
are more users lurking in the background, then users entering messages.
|
||
|
||
Main Board - The primary conference on a BBS, and where the callers normally
|
||
are when they first log-on. Most general messages, files and doors should be
|
||
found here.
|
||
|
||
Message - Something left by a BBS user for others to read. A message could be
|
||
left for a single user, or for all users to read.
|
||
|
||
Message Base - All messages left on a BBS, or more specifically the location
|
||
of those messages. Separate conferences typically have their own message
|
||
base.
|
||
|
||
Modem - Device which allows computers to talk to each other over a system
|
||
which was originally designed for voice communications.
|
||
|
||
Network - Different BBSs exchanging messages to increase the activity and
|
||
diversity of the message base. The echo mail network allows a user to leave a
|
||
message on one BBS which can be read on a BBS at a different location. On
|
||
some of the large networks a message can be read literally around the world.
|
||
|
||
NetMail - Electronic messages, which go out over a BBS network, which are
|
||
addressed to, and may be read by, only one person.
|
||
|
||
Node - Commonly used as the number of telephone lines hooked up to a BBS with
|
||
each line being a node, but a BBS can also have local nodes.
|
||
|
||
Password - A unique series of keyboard characters that a caller selects to
|
||
access a BBS. It should be kept confidential to prevent others from logging-
|
||
on using your name.
|
||
|
||
Paging - Requesting a live chat with the Sysop, who may answer the page if
|
||
available.
|
||
|
||
Private - Indicates a conference or message is not meant for all callers, and
|
||
may refer to some BBSs which have restricted access.
|
||
|
||
Protocol - A language that modems use to communicate with each other during
|
||
file transfers. The same protocol must be used by both modems for a transfer
|
||
to be successful. There are a growing number of protocols to choose from.
|
||
|
||
Public - A conference, message, or BBS which is open for any caller. A public
|
||
message can be read by all users. A public board will have private messages
|
||
and perhaps some private conferences, but generally access is available to
|
||
all.
|
||
|
||
Public Domain - Programs or files which are released free of charge with
|
||
little restriction for use.
|
||
|
||
QWK - The file extension for mail packets compressed using the Quick Mail
|
||
format. This format is popular for BBS mail transfers and off-line mail
|
||
readers.
|
||
|
||
Remote Computer - A computer which has connected to the BBS by modem.
|
||
|
||
RIPscrip - Remote Imaging Protocol. A graphics format which is used to add
|
||
mouse support to bulletin boards.
|
||
|
||
Screen Capture - See capture.
|
||
|
||
Script - A questionnaire set-up by the Sysop to get information from the
|
||
caller.
|
||
|
||
Security Level - Level of access given to a caller which determines what the
|
||
caller may access on the BBS. Users may require a higher security level to
|
||
access certain conferences or files.
|
||
|
||
Shareware - A method of software distribution which allows you to try before
|
||
you buy. Shareware can be used for a limited time without payment, but
|
||
registration is required if the product is used past the evaluation period.
|
||
|
||
Sysop - Short for System Operator, the person who operates the BBS.
|
||
|
||
Thread - The linking of messages with a specific conversation topic. This
|
||
message thread allows people to read all messages on a related subject.
|
||
|
||
Transfer - The receiving or sending of a file with a BBS.
|
||
|
||
Upload - Sending data, typically files, to a BBS through the modem connection.
|
||
|
||
User - Originally meant to imply someone calling in the local mode, while
|
||
those who access the BBS from a remote computer where known as callers. Now
|
||
commonly implies both callers and users.
|
||
|
||
User Account - The record containing information for an individual user.
|
||
Things like user name, password, address, the number of uploads and downloads,
|
||
and security level are typically found in the user account.
|
||
|
||
User Friendly - Refers to software, or a BBS, which is easy for a novice to
|
||
use.
|
||
|
||
V.21 - An ITU-T standard for 300 bps modem connections standardized in 1981.
|
||
|
||
V.22 - An ITU-T standard for 1200 bps modem connections standardized in 1982.
|
||
|
||
V.22 bis - An ITU-T standard for 2400 bps modem connections standardized in
|
||
1984.
|
||
|
||
V.32 - An ITU-T standard for 4800 and 9600 bps modem connections standardized
|
||
in 1987.
|
||
|
||
V.32 bis - An ITU-T standard for 14400 bps modem connections standardized in
|
||
1991.
|
||
|
||
V.34 - An ITU-T standard for 28800 bps modem connections standardized in 1994.
|
||
|
||
V.FC - Early standard developed by Rockwell International for 28800 bps modem
|
||
connections.
|
||
|
||
Verification - Many BBSs have some way of verifying that the caller logging-on
|
||
is actually who they say they are. Caller ID, doors which call the user back,
|
||
or calling all users by voice are common practices.
|
||
|
||
Xmodem (CRC) - At one time this was the most popular file transfer protocol.
|
||
Xmodem (CRC) sends files in blocks of 128 characters at a time and checks for
|
||
errors using a sophisticated Cyclic Redundancy Check.
|
||
|
||
Xmodem (Checksum) - A file transfer protocol where information is transferred
|
||
in 128 byte blocks with a less reliable Checksum error correction method.
|
||
|
||
1K Xmodem - This file transfer protocol is a variation of Xmodem (CRC) that
|
||
uses blocks that are 1 kilobyte (1024 bytes) in size.
|
||
|
||
1K Xmodem/G - This file transfer protocol variation of Xmodem is meant for
|
||
error-free channels such as error correcting modems or direct cable links
|
||
between two computers. It achieves great speed, however, it does not have
|
||
error correction and if an error occurs the transfer is aborted.
|
||
|
||
Ymodem (Batch) - This file transfer protocol is a variation on 1K Xmodem,
|
||
which allows for multiple files to be sent per transfer. While transferring
|
||
files, it uses the 1024 byte block size and the CRC error correction method.
|
||
|
||
Ymodem/G (Batch) - This file transfer protocol is a variation on Ymodem which
|
||
achieves very high transfer rates by sending 1024 blocks without waiting for
|
||
acknowledgment. There is no error correction and if an error occurs the
|
||
transfer is aborted.
|
||
|
||
Zip - The most common form of compressed file found on BBSs.
|
||
|
||
Zmodem (Batch) - This protocol is very popular because it is very fast,
|
||
incredibly reliable and offers many features. Zmodem can transfer files in a
|
||
batch and can detect and recover from errors quickly. The Zmodem Recovery
|
||
feature can resume an interrupted transfer.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
|
||
³ For a list of the highlights from back issues of the Pasco BBS Magazine ³
|
||
³ see the BACK.INF file distributed within the PBM archive. ³
|
||
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
Copyright Law: Part II
|
||
-----------------------
|
||
|
||
> Copyright Registration
|
||
|
||
In general, copyright registration is a legal formality intended to make a
|
||
public record of the basic facts of a particular copyright. However, except
|
||
in one specific situation, registration is not a condition of copyright
|
||
protection. (Under sections 405 and 406 of the Copyright Act, copyright
|
||
registration may be required to preserve a copyright on a work first published
|
||
before March 1, 1989, that would otherwise be invalidated because the
|
||
copyright notice was omitted from the published copies or phonorecords, or the
|
||
name or year was omitted, or certain errors were made in the year date.) Even
|
||
though registration is not generally a requirement for protection, the
|
||
copyright law provides several inducements or advantages to encourage
|
||
copyright owners to make registration.
|
||
|
||
Among these advantages are the following:
|
||
|
||
Registration establishes a public record of the copyright claim;
|
||
|
||
Before an infringement suit may be filed in court, registration is necessary
|
||
for works of U.S. origin and for foreign works not originating in a Berne
|
||
Union country. (For more information on when a work is of U.S. origin, request
|
||
Circular 93.);
|
||
|
||
If made before or within 5 years of publication, registration will establish
|
||
prima facie evidence in court of the validity of the copyright and of the
|
||
facts stated in the certificate; and If registration is made within 3 months
|
||
after publication of the work or prior to an infringement of the work,
|
||
statutory damages and attorney's fees will be available to the copyright
|
||
owner in court actions. Otherwise, only an award of actual damages and profits
|
||
is available to the copyright owner.
|
||
|
||
Copyright registration allows the owner of the copyright to record the
|
||
registration with the U.S. Customs Service for protection against the
|
||
importation of infringing copies. For additional information, request
|
||
Publication No. 563 from:
|
||
|
||
Commissioner of Customs
|
||
ATTN: IPR Branch,
|
||
Room 2104
|
||
U.S. Customs Service
|
||
1301 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
|
||
Washington, D.C. 20229.
|
||
|
||
Registration may be made at any time within the life of the copyright.
|
||
|
||
Unlike the law before 1978, when a work has been registered in unpublished
|
||
form, it is not necessary to make another registration when the work becomes
|
||
published (although the copyright owner may register the published edition, if
|
||
desired).
|
||
|
||
> Registration Procedures
|
||
|
||
In General
|
||
|
||
A. To register a work, send the following three elements in the same envelope
|
||
or package to the Register of Copyrights, Copyright Office, Library of
|
||
Congress, Washington, D.C. 20559: (see Incomplete Submissions, below, for
|
||
what happens if the elements are sent separately).
|
||
|
||
A properly completed application form;
|
||
|
||
A nonrefundable filing fee of $20 for each application (For the fee structure
|
||
for application Form SE/GROUP amd Form G/DN, see the instructions for these
|
||
forms);
|
||
|
||
A nonreturnable deposit of the work being registered. The deposit
|
||
requirements vary in particular situations. The general requirements follow.
|
||
Also note the information under Special Deposit Requirements immediately
|
||
following this section.
|
||
|
||
If the work is unpublished, one complete copy or phonorecord.
|
||
|
||
If the work was first published in the United States on or after January 1,
|
||
1978, two complete copies or phonorecords of the best edition.
|
||
|
||
If the work was first published in the United States before January 1, 1978,
|
||
two complete copies or phonorecords of the work as first published.
|
||
|
||
If the work was first published outside the United States, one complete copy
|
||
or phonorecord of the work as first published.
|
||
|
||
B. To register a renewal, send:
|
||
|
||
A properly completed RE application form; and
|
||
|
||
A nonrefundable filing fee of $20 for each work.
|
||
|
||
Note: Complete the Application Form using Black Ink Pen or Typewriter
|
||
|
||
You may photocopy blank application forms: however, photocopied forms
|
||
submitted to the Copyright Office must be clear, legible, on a good grade of
|
||
8-1/2 inch by 11 inch white paper suitable for automatic feeding through a
|
||
photocopier. The forms should be printed preferably in black ink, head-to-
|
||
head (so that when you turn the sheet over, the top of page 2 is directly
|
||
behind the top of page 1). Forms not meeting these requirements will be
|
||
returned.
|
||
|
||
Special Deposit Requirements
|
||
|
||
Special deposit requirements exist for many types of work. In some instances,
|
||
only one copy is required for published works, in other instances only
|
||
identifying material is required, and in still other instances, the deposit
|
||
requirement may be unique.
|
||
|
||
The following are prominent examples of exceptions to the general deposit
|
||
requirements:
|
||
|
||
If the work is a motion picture, the deposit requirement is one complete copy
|
||
of the unpublished or published motion picture and a separate written
|
||
description of its contents, such as a continuity, press book, or synopsis.
|
||
|
||
If the work is a literary, dramatic or musical work published only on
|
||
phonorecord, the deposit requirement is one complete copy of the phonorecord.
|
||
|
||
If the work is an unpublished or published computer program, the deposit
|
||
requirement is one visually perceptible copy in source code of the first and
|
||
last 25 pages of the program. For a program of fewer than 50 pages, the
|
||
deposit is a copy of the entire program. (For more information on computer
|
||
program registration, including deposits for revised programs and provisions
|
||
for trade secrets, request Circular 61.)
|
||
|
||
If the work is in a CD-ROM format, the deposit requirement is one complete
|
||
copy of the material, that is, the CD-ROM, the operating software, and any
|
||
manual(s) accompanying it. If the identical work is also available in print
|
||
or hard copy form, send one complete copy of the print version and one
|
||
complete copy of the CD-ROM version.
|
||
|
||
For information about group registration of serials, request Circular 62.
|
||
|
||
In the case of works reproduced in three-dimensional copies, identifying
|
||
material such as photographs or drawings is ordinarily required. Other
|
||
examples of special deposit requirements (but by no means an exhaustive list)
|
||
include many works of the visual arts, such as greeting cards, toys, fabric,
|
||
oversized material (request Circular 40a); video games and other machine-
|
||
readable audiovisual works (request Circular 61 and ML-387); automated
|
||
databases (request Circular 65); and contributions to collective works.
|
||
|
||
If you are unsure of the deposit requirement for your work, write or call the
|
||
Copyright Office and describe the work you wish to register.
|
||
|
||
Unpublished Collections
|
||
|
||
A work may be registered in unpublished form as a collection, with one
|
||
application and one fee, under the following conditions:
|
||
|
||
The elements of the collection are assembled in an orderly form;
|
||
|
||
The combined elements bear a single title identifying the collection as a
|
||
whole;
|
||
|
||
The copyright claimant in all the elements and in the collection as a whole is
|
||
the same; and
|
||
|
||
All of the elements are by the same author, or, if they are by different
|
||
authors, at least one of the authors has contributed copyrightable authorship
|
||
to each element.
|
||
|
||
An unpublished collection is indexed in the Catalog of Copyright Entries only
|
||
under the collection title.
|
||
|
||
> Corrections and Amplifications of Existing Registrations
|
||
|
||
To correct an error in a copyright registration or to amplify the information
|
||
given in a registration, file a supplementary registration form--Form CA--with
|
||
the Copyright Office. The information in a supplementary registration
|
||
augments but does not supersede that contained in the earlier registration.
|
||
Note also that a supplementary registration is not a substitute for an
|
||
original registration, for a renewal registration, or for recording a transfer
|
||
of ownership. For further information about supplementary registration,
|
||
request Circular 8.
|
||
|
||
> Mandatory Deposit for Works Published in the United States
|
||
|
||
Although a copyright registration is not required, the Copyright Act
|
||
establishes a mandatory deposit requirement for works published in the United
|
||
States (see definition of publication above). In general, the owner of
|
||
copyright or the owner of the exclusive right of publication in the work has a
|
||
legal obligation to deposit in the Copyright Office, within 3 months of
|
||
publication in the United States, 2 copies (or in the case of sound
|
||
recordings, 2 phonorecords) for the use of the Library of Congress. Failure
|
||
to make the deposit can result in fines and other penalties but does not
|
||
affect copyright protection.
|
||
|
||
Certain categories of works are exempt entirely from the mandatory deposit
|
||
requirements, and the obligation is reduced for certain other categories. For
|
||
further information about mandatory deposit, request Circular 7d.
|
||
|
||
> Use of the Mandatory Deposit to Satisfy Registration Requirements
|
||
|
||
For works published in the United States the Copyright Act contains a
|
||
provision under which a single deposit can be made to satisfy both the deposit
|
||
requirements for the Library and the registration requirements. In order to
|
||
have this dual effect, the copies or phonorecords must be accompanied by the
|
||
prescribed application and filing fee.
|
||
|
||
> Who May File an Application Form
|
||
|
||
The following persons are legally entitled to submit an application form:
|
||
|
||
The author. This is either the person who actually created the work, or, if
|
||
the work was made for hire, the employer or other person for whom the work was
|
||
prepared.
|
||
|
||
The copyright claimant. The copyright claimant is defined in Copyright Office
|
||
regulations as either the author of the work or a person or organization that
|
||
has obtained ownership of all the rights under the copyright initially
|
||
belonging to the author. This category includes a person or organization who
|
||
has obtained by contract the right to claim legal title to the copyright in an
|
||
application for copyright registration.
|
||
|
||
The owner of exclusive right(s). Under the law, any of the exclusive rights
|
||
that go to make up a copyright and any subdivision of them can be transferred
|
||
and owned separately, even though the transfer may be limited in time or place
|
||
of effect. The term copyright owner with respect to any one of the exclusive
|
||
rights contained in a copyright refers to the owner of that particular right.
|
||
Any owner of an exclusive right may apply for registration of a claim in the
|
||
work.
|
||
|
||
The duly authorized agent of such author, other copyright claimant, or owner
|
||
of exclusive right(s). Any person authorized to act on behalf of the author,
|
||
other copyright claimant, or owner of exclusive rights may apply for
|
||
registration.
|
||
|
||
There is no requirement that applications be prepared or filed by an attorney.
|
||
|
||
> Application Forms
|
||
|
||
For Original Registration
|
||
|
||
Form TX: for published and unpublished nondramatic literary works
|
||
|
||
Form SE: for serials, works issued or intended to be issued in successive
|
||
parts bearing numerical or chronological designations and intended to be
|
||
continued indefinitely (periodicals, newspapers, magazines, newsletters,
|
||
annuals, journals, etc.)
|
||
|
||
Short Form/SE and Form SE/GROUP: specialized SE forms for use when certain
|
||
requirements are met
|
||
|
||
Form G/DN: a specialized form to register a complete month's issues of a
|
||
daily newspaper when certain conditions are met
|
||
|
||
Form PA: for published and unpublished works of the performing arts (musical
|
||
and dramatic works, pantomimes and choreographic works, motion pictures and
|
||
other audiovisual works)
|
||
|
||
Form VA: for published and unpublished works of the visual arts (pictorial,
|
||
graphic, and sculptural works, including architectural works)
|
||
|
||
Form SR: for published and unpublished sound recordings
|
||
|
||
For Renewal Registration
|
||
|
||
Form RE: for claims to renewal copyright in works copyrighted under the law
|
||
in effect through December 31, 1977 (1909 Copyright Act)
|
||
|
||
For Corrections and Amplifications
|
||
|
||
Form CA: for supplementary registration to correct or amplify information
|
||
given in the Copyright Office record of an earlier registration
|
||
|
||
For a Group of Contributions to Periodicals
|
||
|
||
Form GR/CP: an adjunct application to be used for registration of a group of
|
||
contributions to periodicals in addition to an application Form TX, PA, or VA
|
||
|
||
Free application forms are supplied by the Copyright Office.
|
||
|
||
> Copyright Office Forms Hotline
|
||
|
||
NOTE: Requestors may order application forms and circulars at any time by
|
||
telephoning (202) 707-9100. Orders will be recorded automatically and filled
|
||
as quickly as possible. Please specify the kind and number of forms you are
|
||
requesting.
|
||
|
||
> Mailing Instructions
|
||
|
||
All applications and materials related to copyright registration should be
|
||
addressed to the Register of Copyrights, Copyright Office, Library of
|
||
Congress, Washington, D.C. 20559-6000.
|
||
|
||
The application, nonreturnable deposit (copies, phonorecords, or identifying
|
||
material), and nonrefundable filing fee should be mailed in the same package.
|
||
|
||
We suggest that you contact your local post office for information
|
||
about mailing these materials at lower-cost fourth class postage rates.
|
||
|
||
> Incomplete Submissions: What Happens if the Elements are not Received
|
||
Together
|
||
|
||
Applications and fees received without appropriate copies, phonorecords, or
|
||
identifying material will not be processed and ordinarily will be returned.
|
||
Unpublished deposits without applications or fees ordinarily will be returned,
|
||
also. In most cases, published deposits received without applications and
|
||
fees can be immediately transferred to the collections of the Library of
|
||
Congress. This practice is in accordance with section 408 of the law, which
|
||
provides that the published deposit required for the collections of the
|
||
Library of Congress may be used for registration only if the deposit is
|
||
accompanied by the prescribed application and fee....
|
||
|
||
After the deposit is received and transferred to another service unit of the
|
||
Library for its collections or other disposition, it is no longer available to
|
||
the Copyright Office. If you wish to register the work, you must deposit
|
||
additional copies or phonorecords with your application and fee.
|
||
|
||
> Fees
|
||
|
||
All remittances should be in the form of drafts (that is, checks, money
|
||
orders, or bank drafts) payable to: Register of Copyrights.
|
||
|
||
Do not send cash. Drafts must be redeemable without service or exchange fee
|
||
through a U.S. institution, must be payable in U.S. dollars, and must be
|
||
imprinted with American Banking Association routing numbers.
|
||
|
||
If a check received in payment of the filing fee is returned to the Copyright
|
||
Office as uncollectible, the Copyright Office will cancel the registration and
|
||
will notify the remitter.
|
||
|
||
The fee for processing an original, supplementary, or renewal claim is
|
||
nonrefundable, whether or not copyright registration is ultimately made.
|
||
|
||
Do not send cash. The Copyright Office cannot assume any responsibility for
|
||
the loss of currency sent in payment of copyright fees.
|
||
|
||
> Effective Date of Registration
|
||
|
||
A copyright registration is effective on the date the Copyright Office
|
||
receives all of the required elements in acceptable form, regardless of how
|
||
long it then takes to process the application and mail the certificate of
|
||
registration. The time the Copyright Office requires to process an
|
||
application varies, depending on the amount of material the Office is
|
||
receiving and the personnel available. Keep in mind that it may take a number
|
||
of days for mailed material to reach the Copyright Office and for the
|
||
certificate of registration to reach the recipient after being mailed by the
|
||
Copyright Office.
|
||
|
||
If you are filing an application for copyright registration in the Copyright
|
||
Office, you will not receive an acknowledgement that your application has been
|
||
received, but you can expect:
|
||
|
||
A letter or telephone call from a Copyright Office staff member if further
|
||
information is needed;
|
||
|
||
A certificate of registration to indicate the work has been registered; or
|
||
|
||
If registration cannot be made, a letter explaining why it has been refused.
|
||
|
||
Please allow 120 days to receive a letter or certificate of registration.
|
||
|
||
If you want to know when the Copyright Office receives your material, you
|
||
should send it by registered or certified mail and request a return receipt
|
||
from the post office. Allow at least 3 weeks for the return of your receipt.
|
||
|
||
> Search of Copyright Office Records
|
||
|
||
The records of the Copyright Office are open for inspection and searching by
|
||
the public. Moreover, on request, the Copyright Office will search its
|
||
records at the statutory rate of $20 for each hour or fraction of an hour.
|
||
For information on searching the Office records concerning the copyright
|
||
status or ownership of a work, request Circulars 22 and 23. Records from 1978
|
||
may be searched via the Internet. For access, see below.
|
||
|
||
> Available Information
|
||
|
||
This circular attempts to answer some of the questions that are frequently
|
||
asked about copyright. For a list of other material published by the
|
||
Copyright Office, request Circular 2, Publications on Copyright. Any requests
|
||
for Copyright Office publications or special questions relating to copyright
|
||
problems not mentioned in this circular should be addressed to the Copyright
|
||
Office, LM 455, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20559-6000. To speak
|
||
to a Copyright Information Specialist, call (202) 707-3000 between 8:30 a.m.-
|
||
5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, Monday-Friday, except Federal Holidays.
|
||
|
||
Copyright information, including many of the other circulars mentioned in
|
||
Circular 1, as well as the latest Copyright Office regulations and
|
||
announcements, is available via the Internet. Internet site addresses are:
|
||
|
||
World Wide Web URL: http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright
|
||
|
||
Gopher: marvel.loc.gov
|
||
|
||
Copyright Office records of registrations and other related documents from
|
||
1978 forward are also available over the Internet via the above addresses or
|
||
telnet directly to LOCIS (Library of Congress Information System) at:
|
||
|
||
Telnet: Locis.loc.gov
|
||
|
||
The Copyright Public Information Office is also open to the public Monday-
|
||
Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, except Federal holidays. The
|
||
office is located in the Library of Congress, Madison Building, Room 401, at
|
||
101 Independence Ave., S.E., Washington, D.C., near the Capitol South Metro
|
||
stop. Information Specialists are available to answer questions, provide
|
||
circulars, and accept applications for registration. Access for disabled
|
||
individuals is at the front door on Independence Avenue, S.E.
|
||
|
||
The Copyright Office is not permitted to give legal advice. If you need
|
||
information or guidance on matters such as disputes over the ownership of a
|
||
copyright, suits against possible infringers, the procedure for getting a work
|
||
published, or the method of obtaining royalty payments, it may be necessary to
|
||
consult an attorney.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°
|
||
² ²
|
||
² Board of Trade BBS New Port Richey, Florida ²
|
||
² ²
|
||
² (813) 862-4772 12/24/48/96/144/28800 baud ²
|
||
² ²
|
||
² The Hobby BBS for the Entire Family! ²
|
||
² ²
|
||
² Pasco County's Information Source ²
|
||
² Home of the Pasco BBS Magazine, DA BUCS and BBS Basics ²
|
||
² ²
|
||
² Call here FIRST for the BEST in Shareware ²
|
||
² Official Distribution Site: ²
|
||
² Alive Software, Apogee Software, Epic MegaGames, Gamer's Edge, ²
|
||
² Id Software, Impulse Software, MVP Software, Safari Software, ²
|
||
² Software Creations, Soleau Software and Union Logic Software ²
|
||
² ²
|
||
² Supporting the Local Computer Community ²
|
||
² Local Author Support File Directory ²
|
||
² Official Support BBS for Pasco ComPats Computer Club ²
|
||
² ²
|
||
°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
Next Month
|
||
----------
|
||
|
||
The January 1997 issue will be a Special Fourth Anniversary Issue with a look
|
||
at four years of the Pasco BBS Magazine. Popular Shareware author Nels
|
||
Anderson was interviewed in the first issue of this publication, and next
|
||
month's issue will take an updated look at his programs. Along with all our
|
||
regular features, including Ed Garwood's Computer Basics, we will have all the
|
||
latest news.
|
||
|
||
Do not miss this special issue of the Pasco BBS Magazine, which will be
|
||
available on, or before, December 22. Make sure you do not miss a single
|
||
issue of Tampa Bay's oldest free on-line magazine!
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
Important Information
|
||
---------------------
|
||
|
||
The Pasco BBS Magazine is distributed free of charge, as long as it is
|
||
unaltered and complete. When uploading make sure the original archive is
|
||
intact with all files included.
|
||
|
||
The Pasco BBS Magazine is the sole property of the Board of Trade BBS and
|
||
Richard Ziegler. It is legally copyrighted material and all rights are
|
||
reserved. No part of this magazine may be used without permission. No
|
||
compensation of any kind may be received for the viewing, distribution, or for
|
||
any other use of the magazine files.
|
||
|
||
By submitting something, you are agreeing to allow publication of the material
|
||
in the magazine. Articles reprinted with permission remain the property of
|
||
the cited source. Guest contributions may not necessarily reflect the views
|
||
of the Pasco BBS Magazine. The editor reserves the right to edit submissions,
|
||
however, this is normally only done to correct spelling or grammatical errors.
|
||
The editor makes all determinations on what and when articles will run.
|
||
|
||
Every effort is made to insure that all information contained within the Pasco
|
||
BBS Magazine is accurate, but inadvertently mistakes can appear. The Pasco
|
||
BBS Magazine, Board of Trade BBS or Richard Ziegler cannot be held liable for
|
||
information contained within this document. It is intended that this magazine
|
||
exists for the personal enjoyment of the readers.
|
||
|
||
Rather than place a trademark symbol at every occurrence of a trademarked
|
||
name, it is stated that trademarks are only being used in an editorial fashion
|
||
with no intention of any infringement of the trademark itself.
|
||
|
||
More information can be found in the other files distributed with the
|
||
magazine's archive.
|
||
|
||
Comments, questions, suggestions and submissions can be left on the Board
|
||
of Trade BBS (813) 862-4772, or mailed to Board of Trade BBS, P.O. Box 1853,
|
||
New Port Richey, FL 34656.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
(C)Copyright 1996 Richard Ziegler - All Rights Reserved
|
||
|
||
+ + + + + |