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135 lines
7.3 KiB
Plaintext
ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßÛßßßßßÛÛÜ ÜÜßßßßÜÜÜÜ ÜÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÛßß ßÛÛ
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ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛ ÜÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜ ßÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜÛÛÝ Ûß
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ßßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÞÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßßÛÜÞÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÞß
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Mo.iMP ÜÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ßÛß
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ß ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÜÜ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÛÛÜÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛ ßÛÛÛÛÛ Ü ÛÝÛÛÛÛÛ Ü
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ÜÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ßÛÜ ßÛÛÛÜÜ ÜÜÛÛÛß ÞÛ ÞÛÛÛÝ ÜÜÛÛ
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ÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÜÜÜß ÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÛÛÛÛÛß
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ßÛÜ ÜÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÜÜ ßßÜÛÛßß ßÛÛÜ ßßßÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ßßßßß ßßÛÛß ßßßßß ßßßßßßßßßßßßß
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Genetics and Heredity ]
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[x]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [Report ]
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[ ]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 08/94 # of Words:1000 School:Public State:NY
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ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>Chop Here>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
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Introduction:
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My topic is "hereditary." I have always been interested in genetics,
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and this is a large branch of genetics. In this report I also plan to speak
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about evolution. I would like to learn more about what causes specific
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traits and what the future might bring.
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Body:
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A person gets his or her traits from their parents. These traits
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include everything from the person's sex to their mental abilities or
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problems. These traits are hereditary because they are passed on through
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genes. They get these genes from their parents and grandparents. They may
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inherit innate abilities of their parents, such as an affinity for music.
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Another factor in who you are is the environment you live in. The
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environment you are in may affect how you develop. For instance, if you
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have a talent for music, but have no way to acquire instruments, then it is
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doubtful that you will ever discover your talent with music. Physically,
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you may have great potential as a runner, but, if you do not get enough to
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eat, then it is doubtful that you will ever live up to your potential.
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Traits such as what you look like are inherited from your parents.
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Your potential is also inherited from your parents. Chromosomes contain the
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information of a person's potential height, potential strength against
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disease, and other physical characteristics.
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A human being has 23 pairs of chromosomes in every cell in his or her
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body (except reproductive cells). If, during a stage of growth, a fetus
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somehow loses one of these chromosomes, the baby may die, or have a birth
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defect. Since this error is written on their genes, they may pass it on to
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their children, who may or may not have anything wrong with them.
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The way a person looks, as I have stated, is hereditary. In humans,
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brown eyes are dominant. Thus, if a person with brown eyes and a recessive
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blue eye gene were to marry someone with similar genes, it is most likely
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their children would have brown eyes. A chart is used to show the
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possibilities:
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A diagram like that could be used to find out what the eyes of a
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couples children would be. The reason "B" is capitalized is because it is a
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dominant trait, and the reason "b" is not capitalized is because it is a
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recessive trait.
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Thus the possible combinations are BB (25% chance), or pure brown eyes,
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Bb (50% chance), or a hybrid whose children may have blue eyes, or bb (25%
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chance), or pure blue eyes. There is a 75% chance that the child will have
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brown eyes.
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The same chart may be used for a number of traits, but in higher
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animals, such as humans, there are variations. For instance if a person who
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has light brown eyes has a child with a person who has dark brown eyes, the
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child's eyes are likely to be medium brown. The charts are still valid
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though, because not all traits are compatible.
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Recessive genes do not visibly show up when there is a dominant gene
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present. A hybrid is a person who has both a dominant and recessive gene.
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Their appearance is that of a person who has no recessive gene, but they
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carry the recessive gene, and it is possible their children will also.
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There are also times when there is a compromise. If two genes are both
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dominant, the resulting offspring will have a blend of those genes. For
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example, a black rooster and a white hen mate, and the resulting offspring
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are gray. The same can be said for people.
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Genes are made of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for short. DNA is
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shaped like a double helix, and, through combinations of adenine, thymine,
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guanine, and cytosine, a gene is made. DNA determines who you are and what
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your potential is.
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It is a well-known fact that drugs and alcohol can damage the fetus.
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The drugs may damage chromosomes in the fetus, which may develop into a
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deformity, mental problems, or even addiction to the drug. It is also
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possible that a drug damaged the father's sperm cells, which damaged
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inversely damaged the fetus.
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This information may be used for genetic engineering or cross
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breeding. If a person where to crossbreed a type of cucumber that has a
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good resistance to disease, but tastes bad, and a cucumber with no immunity
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that tastes good, you may get a good tasting disease resistance cucumber.
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Then again you may get disease prone bad tasting cucumber. It depends on
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the dominance of the genes involved.
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Another aspect of genetics is evolution. Evolution is a series of
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mutations that result positively. For example, once ducks had no webbing on
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their feet. Only mutant ducks had webbing at the time. The mutant ducks
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were better swimmers, so they survived attacks from predators while ducks
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without webbing did not. Thus only ducks with webbed feet survived, and we
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have the modern duck. Man has, supposedly, evolved from apes in a similar
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manner.
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Both evolution and inherited traits are interesting sciences, which
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may be important in the future. It may be possible, someday, to encourage
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evolution, and perhaps manipulate traits.
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I learned...
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1. that environment can affect what a person becomes in life.
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2. that evolution is a part of life.
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3. birth defects may be caused if the father uses drugs.
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4. that hybrids may or may not be superior to the originals.
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5. that the amount of chromosomes an animal has does not determine its
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superiority. (People have 46 chromosomes, potatoes have 48)
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Bibliography
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1. Concepts and Challenges in Life Science, Second Edition, authors:
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Leonard Bernstein, Martin Schachter, Alan Winkler, and Stanley Wolfe.
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Allyn and Bacon Inc. Newton Massachusetts, 1986.
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2. Hereditary Jean Coryyllel Lipke. Lerner Publications Company,
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United State, 1971*
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3.Evolution: Opposing Viewpoints Marilyn Bailey. Greenhaven Press, Inc.
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Sandiego California, 1990.
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*I apologize for using a concurrent book, but the information I used
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from it seems valid.
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