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Typos and further change re comments
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Josh Lockhart
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@@ -4,26 +4,26 @@ isChild: true
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## Complex Problem {#complex_problem_title}
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## Complex Problem {#complex_problem_title}
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If you have ever read about Dependency Injection then you have probably seen the terms *"Inversion of Control"* or *"Dependency Inversion Principle"*.
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If you have ever read about Dependency Injection then you have probably seen the terms *"Inversion of Control"* or *"Dependency Inversion Principle"*.
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These are the complex problems that Dependency Injection solves.
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These are the complex problems that Dependency Injection solves.
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### Inversion of Control
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### Inversion of Control
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Inversion of Control is as it says, "inverting the control" of a system by keeping organisational control entirely separate from our objects.
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Inversion of Control is as it says, "inverting the control" of a system by keeping organisational control entirely separate from our objects.
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In terms of Dependency Injection, this means loosening our dependencies by controlling and instantiating them elsewhere in the system.
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In terms of Dependency Injection, this means loosening our dependencies by controlling and instantiating them elsewhere in the system.
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For years, PHP frameworks have been achieving Inversion of Control, however, the question became, which part of control
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For years, PHP frameworks have been achieving Inversion of Control, however, the question became, which part of control
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are you inverting, and where to? For example, MVC frameworks would generally provide a super object or base controller that other
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are you inverting, and where to? For example, MVC frameworks would generally provide a super object or base controller that other
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controllers must extend to gain access to it's dependencies. This **is** Inversion of Control, however, instead of loosening
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controllers must extend to gain access to its dependencies. This **is** Inversion of Control, however, instead of loosening
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dependencies, this method simply moved them.
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dependencies, this method simply moved them.
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Dependency Injection allows us to more elegantly solve this problem by only injecting the dependencies we need, when we need them,
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Dependency Injection allows us to more elegantly solve this problem by only injecting the dependencies we need, when we need them,
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without the need for any hard coded dependencies at all.
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without the need for any hard coded dependencies at all.
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### Dependency Inversion Principle
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### Dependency Inversion Principle
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Dependency Inversion Principle is the "D" in the S.O.L.I.D set of object oriented design principles that states one should
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Dependency Inversion Principle is the "D" in the S.O.L.I.D set of object oriented design principles that states one should
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*"Depend on Abstractions. Do not depend on concretions."*. Put simply, this means our dependencies should be interfaces/contracts or abstract
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*"Depend on Abstractions. Do not depend on concretions."*. Put simply, this means our dependencies should be interfaces/contracts or abstract
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classes rather than concrete implementations. We can easily refactor the above example to follow this principle.
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classes rather than concrete implementations. We can easily refactor the above example to follow this principle.
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{% highlight php %}
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{% highlight php %}
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@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ interface AdapterInterface {}
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class MysqlAdapter implements AdapterInterface {}
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class MysqlAdapter implements AdapterInterface {}
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{% endhighlight %}
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{% endhighlight %}
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There are several benefits to the Database class now depending on an interface rather than a concretion.
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There are several benefits to the `Database` class now depending on an interface rather than a concretion.
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Consider that you are working in a team and the adapter is being worked on by a colleague. In our first example, we would have
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Consider that you are working in a team and the adapter is being worked on by a colleague. In our first example, we would have
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to wait for said colleague to finish the adapter before we could properly mock it for our unit tests. Now that the dependency
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to wait for said colleague to finish the adapter before we could properly mock it for our unit tests. Now that the dependency
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is an interface/contract we can happily mock that interface knowing that our colleague will build the adapter based on that contract.
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is an interface/contract we can happily mock that interface knowing that our colleague will build the adapter based on that contract.
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An even bigger benefit to this method is that our code is now much more scalable. If a year down the line we decide that we
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An even bigger benefit to this method is that our code is now much more scalable. If a year down the line we decide that we
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want to migrate to a different type of database, we can write an adapter that implements the original interface and inject that instead,
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want to migrate to a different type of database, we can write an adapter that implements the original interface and inject that instead,
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no more refactoring would be required as we can ensure that the adapter follows the contract set by the interface.
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no more refactoring would be required as we can ensure that the adapter follows the contract set by the interface.
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@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ isChild: true
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## Containers {#containers_title}
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## Containers {#containers_title}
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The first thing you should understand about Dependency Injection Containers is that they are not the same thing as Dependency
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The first thing you should understand about Dependency Injection Containers is that they are not the same thing as Dependency
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Injection. A container is a convenience utility that helps us implement Dependency Injection, however, they can be and often
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Injection. A container is a convenience utility that helps us implement Dependency Injection, however, they can be and often
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are misused to implement an anti pattern, Service Location. Using a container as a Service Locator within your classes arguably
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are misused to implement an anti-pattern, Service Location. Injecting a DI container as a Service Locator in to your classes arguably
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creates a harder dependency on the container than the dependency you are replacing. It also makes your code much less transparent
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creates a harder dependency on the container than the dependency you are replacing. It also makes your code much less transparent
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and ultimately harder to test.
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and ultimately harder to test.
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Most modern frameworks have their own Dependency Injection Container that allows you to wire your dependencies together through configuration.
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Most modern frameworks have their own Dependency Injection Container that allows you to wire your dependencies together through configuration.
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What this means in practice is that you can write application code that is as clean and de-coupled as the framework it is built on.
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What this means in practice is that you can write application code that is as clean and de-coupled as the framework it is built on.
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