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Merge commit 'e509cac533600cf4fa8382c9cdab78ddd82db688'
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Bjørn Erik Pedersen
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ English|Wednesday, November 3, 2021
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Français|mercredi 3 novembre 2021
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Deutsch|Mittwoch, 3. November 2021
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See [time.Format] for details.
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See [`time.Format`] for details.
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### Currency
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@@ -526,11 +526,86 @@ See [lang.FormatPercent] for details.
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## Menus
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Localization of menu entries depends on the how you define them:
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Localization of menu entries depends on how you define them:
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- When you define menu entries [automatically] using the section pages menu, you must use translation tables to localize each entry.
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- When you define menu entries [in front matter], they are already localized based on the front matter itself. If the front matter values are insufficient, use translation tables to localize each entry.
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- When you define menu entries [in site configuration], you can (a) use translation tables, or (b) create language-specific menu entries under each language key.
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- When you define menu entries [in site configuration], you must create language-specific menu entries under each language key. If the names of the menu entries are insufficent, use translation tables to localize each entry.
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### Create language-specific menu entries
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#### Method 1 -- Use a single configuration file
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For a simple menu with a small number of entries, use a single configuration file. For example:
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{{< code-toggle file="hugo" copy=false >}}
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[languages.de]
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languageCode = 'de-DE'
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languageName = 'Deutsch'
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weight = 1
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[[languages.de.menu.main]]
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name = 'Produkte'
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pageRef = '/products'
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weight = 10
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[[languages.de.menu.main]]
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name = 'Leistungen'
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pageRef = '/services'
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weight = 20
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[languages.en]
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languageCode = 'en-US'
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languageName = 'English'
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weight = 2
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[[languages.en.menu.main]]
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name = 'Products'
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pageRef = '/products'
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weight = 10
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[[languages.en.menu.main]]
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name = 'Services'
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pageRef = '/services'
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weight = 20
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{{< /code-toggle >}}
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#### Method 2 -- Use a configuration directory
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With a more complex menu structure, create a [configuration directory] and split the menu entries into multiple files, one file per language. For example:
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```text
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config/
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└── _default/
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├── menus/
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│ ├── menu.de.toml
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│ └── menu.en.toml
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└── hugo.toml
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```
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{{< code-toggle file="config/_default/menus/menu.de" copy=false >}}
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[[main]]
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name = 'Produkte'
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pageRef = '/products'
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weight = 10
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[[main]]
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name = 'Leistungen'
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pageRef = '/services'
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weight = 20
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{{< /code-toggle >}}
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{{< code-toggle file="config/_default/menus/menu.en" copy=false >}}
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[[main]]
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name = 'Products'
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pageRef = '/products'
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weight = 10
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[[main]]
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name = 'Services'
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pageRef = '/services'
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weight = 20
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{{< /code-toggle >}}
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[configuration directory]: /getting-started/configuration/#configuration-directory
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### Use translation tables
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@@ -574,44 +649,6 @@ services = 'Leistungen'
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[in front matter]: /content-management/menus/#define-in-front-matter
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[in site configuration]: /content-management/menus/#define-in-site-configuration
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### Create language-specific menu entries
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For example:
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{{< code-toggle file="hugo" copy=false >}}
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[languages.de]
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languageCode = 'de-DE'
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languageName = 'Deutsch'
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weight = 1
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[[languages.de.menu.main]]
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name = 'Produkte'
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pageRef = '/products'
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weight = 10
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[[languages.de.menu.main]]
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name = 'Leistungen'
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pageRef = '/services'
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weight = 20
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[languages.en]
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languageCode = 'en-US'
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languageName = 'English'
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weight = 2
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[[languages.en.menu.main]]
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name = 'Products'
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pageRef = '/products'
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weight = 10
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[[languages.en.menu.main]]
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name = 'Services'
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pageRef = '/services'
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weight = 20
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{{< /code-toggle >}}
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For a simple menu with two languages, these menu entries are easy to create and maintain. For a larger menu, or with more than two languages, using translation tables as described above is preferable.
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## Missing translations
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If a string does not have a translation for the current language, Hugo will use the value from the default language. If no default value is set, an empty string will be shown.
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@@ -636,7 +673,7 @@ i18n|MISSING_TRANSLATION|en|wordCount
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To support Multilingual mode in your themes, some considerations must be taken for the URLs in the templates. If there is more than one language, URLs must meet the following criteria:
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* Come from the built-in `.Permalink` or `.RelPermalink`
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* Be constructed with the [`relLangURL` template function][rellangurl] or the [`absLangURL` template function][abslangurl] **OR** be prefixed with `{{ .LanguagePrefix }}`
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* Be constructed with the [`relLangURL`] or [`absLangURL`] template function, or be prefixed with `{{ .LanguagePrefix }}`
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If there is more than one language defined, the `LanguagePrefix` variable will equal `/en` (or whatever your `CurrentLanguage` is). If not enabled, it will be an empty string (and is therefore harmless for single-language Hugo websites).
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@@ -657,23 +694,23 @@ hugo new content content/en/post/test.md
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hugo new content content/de/post/test.md
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```
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[abslangurl]: /functions/abslangurl
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[`abslangurl`]: /functions/urls/abslangurl
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[config]: /getting-started/configuration/
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[contenttemplate]: /templates/single-page-templates/
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[go-i18n-source]: https://github.com/nicksnyder/go-i18n
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[go-i18n]: https://github.com/nicksnyder/go-i18n
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[homepage]: /templates/homepage/
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[Hugo Multilingual Part 1: Content translation]: https://regisphilibert.com/blog/2018/08/hugo-multilingual-part-1-managing-content-translation/
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[i18func]: /functions/i18n/
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[lang.FormatAccounting]: /functions/lang
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[lang.FormatCurrency]: /functions/lang
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[lang.FormatNumber]: /functions/lang
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[lang.FormatNumberCustom]: /functions/lang
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[lang.FormatPercent]: /functions/lang
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[lang.Merge]: /functions/lang.merge/
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[i18func]: /functions/lang/translate
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[lang.FormatAccounting]: /functions/lang/formataccounting
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[lang.FormatCurrency]: /functions/lang/formatcurrency
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[lang.FormatNumber]: /functions/lang/formatnumber
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[lang.FormatNumberCustom]: /functions/lang/formatnumbercustom
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[lang.FormatPercent]: /functions/lang/formatpercent
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[lang.Merge]: /functions/lang/merge/
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[menus]: /content-management/menus/
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[OS environment]: /getting-started/configuration/#configure-with-environment-variables
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[rellangurl]: /functions/rellangurl
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[`rellangurl`]: /functions/urls/rellangurl
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[RFC 5646]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5646
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[single page templates]: /templates/single-page-templates/
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[time.Format]: /functions/dateformat
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[`time.Format`]: /functions/time/format
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