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64
docs/content/en/functions/time/AsTime.md
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docs/content/en/functions/time/AsTime.md
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---
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title: time.AsTime
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linkTitle: time
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description: Converts a timestamp string into a `time.Time` structure.
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categories: [functions]
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keywords: []
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menu:
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docs:
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parent: functions
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function:
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aliases: [time]
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returnType: time.Time
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signatures: ['time.AsTime INPUT [TIMEZONE]']
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relatedFunctions:
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- time.AsTime
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- time.Duration
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- time.Format
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- time.Now
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- time.ParseDuration
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aliases: [/functions/time]
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---
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`time` converts a timestamp string with an optional default location into a [`time.Time`](https://godoc.org/time#Time) structure so you can access its fields:
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```go-html-template
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{{ time "2016-05-28" }} → "2016-05-28T00:00:00Z"
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{{ (time "2016-05-28").YearDay }} → 149
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{{ mul 1000 (time "2016-05-28T10:30:00.00+10:00").Unix }} → 1464395400000, or Unix time in milliseconds
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```
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## Using locations
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The optional `TIMEZONE` argument is a string that sets a default time zone (or more specific, the location, which represents the collection of time offsets in a geographical area) that is associated with the specified time value. If the time value has an explicit timezone or offset specified, it will take precedence over the `TIMEZONE` argument.
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The list of valid locations may be system dependent, but should include `UTC`, `Local`, or any location in the [IANA Time Zone database](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones).
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If no `TIMEZONE` is set, the `timeZone` from site configuration will be used.
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```go-html-template
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{{ time "2020-10-20" }} → 2020-10-20 00:00:00 +0000 UTC
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{{ time "2020-10-20" "America/Los_Angeles" }} → 2020-10-20 00:00:00 -0700 PDT
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{{ time "2020-01-20" "America/Los_Angeles" }} → 2020-01-20 00:00:00 -0800 PST
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```
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## Example: Using `time` to get month index
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The following example takes a UNIX timestamp---set as `utimestamp: "1489276800"` in a content's front matter---converts the timestamp (string) to an integer using the [`int` function][int], and then uses [`printf`] to convert the `Month` property of `time` into an index.
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The following example may be useful when setting up [multilingual sites][multilingual]:
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{{< code file="unix-to-month-integer.html" >}}
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{{ $time := time (int .Params.addDate)}}
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=> $time = 1489276800
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{{ $time.Month }}
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=> "March"
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{{ $monthindex := printf "%d" $time.Month }}
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=> $monthindex = 3
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{{< /code >}}
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[int]: /functions/cast/toint
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[multilingual]: /content-management/multilingual/
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[`printf`]: /functions/fmt/printf
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docs/content/en/functions/time/Duration.md
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docs/content/en/functions/time/Duration.md
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---
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title: time.Duration
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linkTitle: duration
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description: Returns a `time.Duration` structure, using the given time unit and duration number.
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categories: [functions]
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keywords: []
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menu:
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docs:
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parent: functions
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function:
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aliases: [duration]
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returnType: time.Duration
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signatures: [time.Duration TIME_UNIT DURATION_NUMBER]
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relatedFunctions:
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- time.AsTime
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- time.Duration
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- time.Format
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- time.Now
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- time.ParseDuration
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aliases: [/functions/duration]
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---
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`time.Duration` converts a given number into a [`time.Duration`](https://pkg.go.dev/time#Duration) structure so you can access its fields. E.g. you can perform [time operations](https://pkg.go.dev/time#Duration) on the returned `time.Duration` value:
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```go-html-template
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{{ printf "There are %.0f seconds in one day." (duration "hour" 24).Seconds }}
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<!-- Output: There are 86400 seconds in one day. -->
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```
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Make your code simpler to understand by using a [chained pipeline](https://pkg.go.dev/text/template#hdr-Pipelines):
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```go-html-template
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{{ mul 7.75 60 | duration "minute" }} → 7h45m0s
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{{ mul 120 60 | mul 1000 | duration "millisecond" }} → 2h0m0s
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```
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You have to specify a time unit for the number given to the function. Valid time units are:
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Duration|Valid time units
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:--|:--
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hours|`hour`, `h`
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minutes|`minute`, `m`
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seconds|`second`, `s`
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milliseconds|`millisecond`, `ms`
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microseconds|`microsecond`, `us`, `µs`
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nanoseconds|`nanosecond`, `ns`
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docs/content/en/functions/time/Format.md
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docs/content/en/functions/time/Format.md
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---
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title: time.Format
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description: Returns a formatted and localized time.Time value.
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categories: [functions]
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keywords: []
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menu:
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docs:
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parent: functions
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function:
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aliases: [dateFormat]
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returnType: string
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signatures: [time.Format LAYOUT INPUT]
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relatedFunctions:
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- time.AsTime
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- time.Duration
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- time.Format
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- time.Now
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- time.ParseDuration
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aliases: [/functions/dateformat]
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toc: true
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---
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```go-template
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{{ $t := "2023-01-27T23:44:58-08:00" }}
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{{ $format := "2 Jan 2006" }}
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{{ $t | time.Format $format }} → 27 Jan 2023
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{{ $t = time.AsTime $t }}
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{{ $t | time.Format $format }} → 27 Jan 2023
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```
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## Layout string
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{{% readfile file="/functions/_common/time-layout-string.md" %}}
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## Localization
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Use the `time.Format` function to localize `time.Time` values for the current language and region.
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{{% note %}}
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{{% readfile file="/functions/_common/locales.md" %}}
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{{% /note %}}
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Use the layout string as described above, or one of the tokens below. For example:
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```go-template
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{{ .Date | time.Format ":date_medium" }} → Jan 27, 2023
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```
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Localized to en-US:
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Token|Result
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:--|:--
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`:date_full`|`Friday, January 27, 2023`
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`:date_long`|`January 27, 2023`
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`:date_medium`|`Jan 27, 2023`
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`:date_short`|`1/27/23`
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`:time_full`|`11:44:58 pm Pacific Standard Time`
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`:time_long`|`11:44:58 pm PST`
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`:time_medium`|`11:44:58 pm`
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`:time_short`|`11:44 pm`
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Localized to de-DE:
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Token|Result
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:--|:--
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`:date_full`|`Freitag, 27. Januar 2023`
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`:date_long`|`27. Januar 2023`
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`:date_medium`|`27.01.2023`
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`:date_short`|`27.01.23`
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`:time_full`|`23:44:58 Nordamerikanische Westküsten-Normalzeit`
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`:time_long`|`23:44:58 PST`
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`:time_medium`|`23:44:58`
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`:time_short`|`23:44`
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51
docs/content/en/functions/time/Now.md
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docs/content/en/functions/time/Now.md
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---
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title: time.Now
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linkTitle: now
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description: Returns the current local time
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categories: [functions]
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keywords: []
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menu:
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docs:
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parent: functions
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function:
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aliases: [now]
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returnType: time.Time
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signatures: [time.Now]
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relatedFunctions:
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- time.AsTime
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- time.Duration
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- time.Format
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- time.Now
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- time.ParseDuration
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aliases: [/functions/now]
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---
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See [`time.Time`](https://godoc.org/time#Time).
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For example, building your site on June 24, 2017, with the following templating:
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```go-html-template
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<div>
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<small>© {{ now.Format "2006" }}</small>
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</div>
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```
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would produce the following:
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```html
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<div>
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<small>© 2017</small>
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</div>
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```
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The above example uses the [`.Format` function](/functions/format), which page includes a full listing of date formatting using Go's layout string.
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{{% note %}}
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Older Hugo themes may still be using the obsolete Page’s `.Now` (uppercase with leading dot), which causes build error that looks like the following:
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ERROR ... Error while rendering "..." in "...": ...
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executing "..." at <.Now.Format>:
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can't evaluate field Now in type *hugolib.PageOutput
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Be sure to use `now` (lowercase with _**no**_ leading dot) in your templating.
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{{% /note %}}
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docs/content/en/functions/time/ParseDuration.md
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docs/content/en/functions/time/ParseDuration.md
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---
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title: time.ParseDuration
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description: Parses a given duration string into a `time.Duration` structure.
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categories: [functions]
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keywords: []
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menu:
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docs:
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parent: functions
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function:
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aliases: []
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returnType: time.Duration
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signatures: [time.ParseDuration DURATION]
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relatedFunctions:
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- time.AsTime
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- time.Duration
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- time.Format
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- time.Now
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- time.ParseDuration
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aliases: [/functions/time.parseduration]
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---
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`time.ParseDuration` parses a duration string into a [`time.Duration`](https://pkg.go.dev/time#Duration) structure so you can access its fields.
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A duration string is a possibly signed sequence of decimal numbers, each with optional fraction and a unit suffix, such as `300ms`, `-1.5h` or `2h45m`. Valid time units are `ns`, `us` (or `µs`), `ms`, `s`, `m`, `h`.
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You can perform [time operations](https://pkg.go.dev/time#Duration) on the returned `time.Duration` value:
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```go-html-template
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{{ printf "There are %.0f seconds in one day." (time.ParseDuration "24h").Seconds }}
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<!-- Output: There are 86400 seconds in one day. -->
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```
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