Upgrade to L5 + huge refactor + more. closes #2

New stuff:
- Signup + email confirmation.
- Updated authentication strategy with remember cookies. closes #5
- New search system with some example gambits! This is cool - check out
the source. Fulltext drivers will be implemented as decorators
overriding the EloquentPostRepository’s findByContent method.
- Lay down the foundation for bootstrapping the Ember app.
- Update Web layer’s asset manager to properly publish CSS/JS files.
- Console commands to run installation migrations and seeds.

Refactoring:
- New structure: move models, repositories, commands, and events into
their own namespaces, rather than grouping by entity.
- All events are classes.
- Use L5 middleware and command bus implementations.
- Clearer use of repositories and the Active Record pattern.
Repositories are used only for retrieval of ActiveRecord objects, and
then save/delete operations are called directly on those ActiveRecords.
This way, we don’t over-abstract at the cost of Eloquent magic, but
testing is still easy.
- Refactor of Web layer so that it uses the Actions routing
architecture.
- “Actor” concept instead of depending on Laravel’s Auth.
- General cleanup!

src/Core/Models/Model.php

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+<?php namespace Flarum\Core\Models;
+
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Factory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model as Eloquent;
+use Flarum\Core\Exceptions\ValidationFailureException;
+use Flarum\Core\Exceptions\PermissionDeniedException;
+use Flarum\Core\Support\EventGenerator;
+
+class Model extends Eloquent
+{
+    use EventGenerator;
+
+    /**
+     * Disable timestamps.
+     *
+     * @var boolean
+     */
+    public $timestamps = false;
+
+    /**
+     * The validation rules for this model.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected static $rules = [];
+
+    /**
+     * The forum model instance.
+     *
+     * @var \Flarum\Core\Models\Forum
+     */
+    protected static $forum;
+
+    /**
+     * The validation factory instance.
+     *
+     * @var \Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Factory
+     */
+    protected static $validator;
+
+    /**
+     * Define the relationship with the forum.
+     *
+     * @return \Flarum\Core\Models\Forum
+     */
+    public function forum()
+    {
+        return static::$forum;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the forum model instance.
+     *
+     * @param \Flarum\Core\Models\Forum $forum
+     */
+    public static function setForum(Forum $forum)
+    {
+        static::$forum = $forum;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the validation factory instance.
+     *
+     * @param \Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Factory $validator
+     */
+    public static function setValidator(Factory $validator)
+    {
+        static::$validator = $validator;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check whether the model is valid in its current state.
+     *
+     * @return boolean
+     */
+    public function valid()
+    {
+        return $this->makeValidator()->passes();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Throw an exception if the model is not valid in its current state.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws \Flarum\Core\ValidationFailureException
+     */
+    public function assertValid()
+    {
+        if ($this->makeValidator()->fails()) {
+            throw (new ValidationFailureException)
+                ->setErrors($validation->errors())
+                ->setInput($validation->getData());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Make a new validator instance for this model.
+     *
+     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Validator
+     */
+    protected function makeValidator()
+    {
+        $rules = $this->expandUniqueRules(static::$rules);
+
+        return $this->validator->make($this->attributes, $rules, static::$messages);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Expand 'unique' rules in a set of validation rules into a fuller form
+     * that Laravel's validator can understand.
+     *
+     * @param  array  $rules
+     * @return array
+     */
+    protected function expandUniqueRules($rules)
+    {
+        foreach ($rules as $column => &$ruleset) {
+            if (is_string($ruleset)) {
+                $ruleset = explode('|', $ruleset);
+            }
+            foreach ($ruleset as &$rule) {
+                if (strpos($rule, 'unique') === 0) {
+                    $parts = explode(':', $rule);
+                    $key = $this->getKey() ?: 'NULL';
+                    $rule = 'unique:'.$this->getTable().','.$column.','.$key.','.$this->getKeyName();
+                    if (! empty($parts[1])) {
+                        $wheres = explode(',', $parts[1]);
+                        foreach ($wheres as &$where) {
+                            $where .= ','.$this->$where;
+                        }
+                        $rule .= ','.implode(',', $wheres);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $rules;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assert that the user has permission to view this model, throwing an
+     * exception if they don't.
+     *
+     * @param  \Flarum\Core\Models\User  $user
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ModelNotFoundException
+     */
+    public function assertVisibleTo(User $user)
+    {
+        if (! $this->can($user, 'view')) {
+            throw new ModelNotFoundException;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assert that the user has a certain permission for this model, throwing
+     * an exception if they don't.
+     *
+     * @param  \Flarum\Core\Models\User  $user
+     * @param  string  $permission
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @throws  \Flarum\Core\Exceptions\PermissionDeniedException
+     */
+    public function assertCan(User $user, $permission)
+    {
+        if (! $this->can($user, $permission)) {
+            throw new PermissionDeniedException;
+        }
+    }
+}