diff --git a/src/Api/Controller/CreatePostController.php b/src/Api/Controller/CreatePostController.php
index b4c881137..4cdae617e 100644
--- a/src/Api/Controller/CreatePostController.php
+++ b/src/Api/Controller/CreatePostController.php
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class CreatePostController extends AbstractCreateController
         }
 
         $discussion = $post->discussion;
-        $discussion->posts = $discussion->posts()->whereVisibleTo($actor)->orderBy('time')->pluck('id');
+        $discussion->posts = $discussion->posts()->whereVisibleTo($actor)->orderBy('created_at')->pluck('id');
 
         return $post;
     }
diff --git a/src/Api/Serializer/BasicPostSerializer.php b/src/Api/Serializer/BasicPostSerializer.php
index 103bd8a06..fcd689136 100644
--- a/src/Api/Serializer/BasicPostSerializer.php
+++ b/src/Api/Serializer/BasicPostSerializer.php
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class BasicPostSerializer extends AbstractSerializer
         $attributes = [
             'id'          => (int) $post->id,
             'number'      => (int) $post->number,
-            'time'        => $this->formatDate($post->time),
+            'time'        => $this->formatDate($post->created_at),
             'contentType' => $post->type
         ];
 
diff --git a/src/Api/Serializer/CurrentUserSerializer.php b/src/Api/Serializer/CurrentUserSerializer.php
index 87dd1490c..d4d6bdcbf 100644
--- a/src/Api/Serializer/CurrentUserSerializer.php
+++ b/src/Api/Serializer/CurrentUserSerializer.php
@@ -14,16 +14,17 @@ namespace Flarum\Api\Serializer;
 class CurrentUserSerializer extends UserSerializer
 {
     /**
-     * {@inheritdoc}
+     * @param \Flarum\User\User $user
+     * @return array
      */
     protected function getDefaultAttributes($user)
     {
         $attributes = parent::getDefaultAttributes($user);
 
         $attributes += [
-            'isActivated'              => (bool) $user->is_activated,
+            'isActivated'              => (bool) $user->is_email_confirmed,
             'email'                    => $user->email,
-            'readTime'                 => $this->formatDate($user->read_time),
+            'readTime'                 => $this->formatDate($user->read_notifications_at),
             'unreadNotificationsCount' => (int) $user->getUnreadNotificationsCount(),
             'newNotificationsCount'    => (int) $user->getNewNotificationsCount(),
             'preferences'              => (array) $user->preferences
diff --git a/src/Api/Serializer/DiscussionSerializer.php b/src/Api/Serializer/DiscussionSerializer.php
index 393faaf5d..e99d5522b 100644
--- a/src/Api/Serializer/DiscussionSerializer.php
+++ b/src/Api/Serializer/DiscussionSerializer.php
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ class DiscussionSerializer extends BasicDiscussionSerializer
 
         if ($state = $discussion->state) {
             $attributes += [
-                'readTime'   => $this->formatDate($state->read_time),
-                'readNumber' => (int) $state->read_number
+                'readTime'   => $this->formatDate($state->last_read_at),
+                'readNumber' => (int) $state->last_read_post_number
             ];
         }
 
diff --git a/src/Api/Serializer/NotificationSerializer.php b/src/Api/Serializer/NotificationSerializer.php
index 55b809079..03a8d898a 100644
--- a/src/Api/Serializer/NotificationSerializer.php
+++ b/src/Api/Serializer/NotificationSerializer.php
@@ -47,12 +47,13 @@ class NotificationSerializer extends AbstractSerializer
             'id'          => (int) $notification->id,
             'contentType' => $notification->type,
             'content'     => $notification->data,
-            'time'        => $this->formatDate($notification->time),
-            'isRead'      => (bool) $notification->is_read
+            'time'        => $this->formatDate($notification->created_at),
+            'isRead'      => (bool) $notification->read_at
         ];
     }
 
     /**
+     * @param Notification $notification
      * @return \Tobscure\JsonApi\Relationship
      */
     protected function user($notification)
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ class NotificationSerializer extends AbstractSerializer
     }
 
     /**
+     * @param Notification $notification
      * @return \Tobscure\JsonApi\Relationship
      */
     protected function sender($notification)
@@ -69,6 +71,7 @@ class NotificationSerializer extends AbstractSerializer
     }
 
     /**
+     * @param Notification $notification
      * @return \Tobscure\JsonApi\Relationship
      */
     protected function subject($notification)
diff --git a/src/Api/Serializer/PostSerializer.php b/src/Api/Serializer/PostSerializer.php
index ee807374b..871826d3a 100644
--- a/src/Api/Serializer/PostSerializer.php
+++ b/src/Api/Serializer/PostSerializer.php
@@ -55,13 +55,13 @@ class PostSerializer extends BasicPostSerializer
             $attributes['content'] = $post->content;
         }
 
-        if ($post->edit_time) {
-            $attributes['editTime'] = $this->formatDate($post->edit_time);
+        if ($post->edited_at) {
+            $attributes['editTime'] = $this->formatDate($post->edited_at);
         }
 
-        if ($post->hide_time) {
+        if ($post->hidden_at) {
             $attributes['isHidden'] = true;
-            $attributes['hideTime'] = $this->formatDate($post->hide_time);
+            $attributes['hideTime'] = $this->formatDate($post->hidden_at);
         }
 
         $attributes += [
diff --git a/src/Api/Serializer/UserSerializer.php b/src/Api/Serializer/UserSerializer.php
index 8a521f6cb..106c39d7a 100644
--- a/src/Api/Serializer/UserSerializer.php
+++ b/src/Api/Serializer/UserSerializer.php
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ class UserSerializer extends BasicUserSerializer
     }
 
     /**
-     * {@inheritdoc}
+     * @param \Flarum\User\User $user
+     * @return array
      */
     protected function getDefaultAttributes($user)
     {
@@ -40,22 +41,22 @@ class UserSerializer extends BasicUserSerializer
         $canEdit = $gate->allows('edit', $user);
 
         $attributes += [
-            'joinTime'         => $this->formatDate($user->join_time),
-            'discussionsCount' => (int) $user->discussions_count,
-            'commentsCount'    => (int) $user->comments_count,
+            'joinTime'         => $this->formatDate($user->joined_at),
+            'discussionsCount' => (int) $user->discussion_count,
+            'commentsCount'    => (int) $user->comment_count,
             'canEdit'          => $canEdit,
             'canDelete'        => $gate->allows('delete', $user),
         ];
 
         if ($user->getPreference('discloseOnline')) {
             $attributes += [
-                'lastSeenTime' => $this->formatDate($user->last_seen_time)
+                'lastSeenTime' => $this->formatDate($user->last_seen_at)
             ];
         }
 
         if ($canEdit || $this->actor->id === $user->id) {
             $attributes += [
-                'isActivated' => (bool) $user->is_activated,
+                'isActivated' => (bool) $user->is_email_confirmed,
                 'email'       => $user->email
             ];
         }
diff --git a/src/Discussion/Discussion.php b/src/Discussion/Discussion.php
index de44636a1..e48825d09 100644
--- a/src/Discussion/Discussion.php
+++ b/src/Discussion/Discussion.php
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class Discussion extends AbstractModel
     public function hide(User $actor = null)
     {
         if (! $this->hidden_at) {
-            $this->hidden_at = time();
+            $this->hidden_at = Carbon::now();
             $this->hidden_user_id = $actor ? $actor->id : null;
 
             $this->raise(new Hidden($this));
diff --git a/src/Discussion/DiscussionPolicy.php b/src/Discussion/DiscussionPolicy.php
index 33c521838..73f7fbc0d 100644
--- a/src/Discussion/DiscussionPolicy.php
+++ b/src/Discussion/DiscussionPolicy.php
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class DiscussionPolicy extends AbstractPolicy
         // user, or the current user has permission to view hidden discussions.
         if (! $actor->hasPermission('discussion.hide')) {
             $query->where(function ($query) use ($actor) {
-                $query->whereNull('discussions.hide_time')
+                $query->whereNull('discussions.hidden_at')
                     ->orWhere('user_id', $actor->id)
                     ->orWhere(function ($query) use ($actor) {
                         $this->events->fire(
diff --git a/src/Discussion/UserState.php b/src/Discussion/UserState.php
index 6de1c998e..4840b00b7 100644
--- a/src/Discussion/UserState.php
+++ b/src/Discussion/UserState.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Discussion;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Flarum\Database\AbstractModel;
 use Flarum\Discussion\Event\UserRead;
 use Flarum\Foundation\EventGeneratorTrait;
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ class UserState extends AbstractModel
     {
         if ($number > $this->last_read_at) {
             $this->last_read_at = $number;
-            $this->last_read_at = time();
+            $this->last_read_at = Carbon::now();
 
             $this->raise(new UserRead($this));
         }
diff --git a/src/Http/AccessToken.php b/src/Http/AccessToken.php
index dad24ae3b..7b181bef6 100644
--- a/src/Http/AccessToken.php
+++ b/src/Http/AccessToken.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Http;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Flarum\Database\AbstractModel;
 
 /**
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ class AccessToken extends AbstractModel
 
         $token->id = str_random(40);
         $token->user_id = $userId;
-        $token->last_activity = time();
+        $token->last_activity = Carbon::now();
         $token->lifetime = $lifetime;
 
         return $token;
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ class AccessToken extends AbstractModel
 
     public function touch()
     {
-        $this->last_activity = time();
+        $this->last_activity = Carbon::now();
 
         return $this->save();
     }
diff --git a/src/Http/CookieFactory.php b/src/Http/CookieFactory.php
index 0ddb3de4c..f8ebd70e5 100644
--- a/src/Http/CookieFactory.php
+++ b/src/Http/CookieFactory.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Http;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Dflydev\FigCookies\SetCookie;
 use Flarum\Foundation\Application;
 
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ class CookieFactory
         if ($maxAge) {
             $cookie = $cookie
                 ->withMaxAge($maxAge)
-                ->withExpires(time() + $maxAge);
+                ->withExpires(Carbon::now()->timestamp + $maxAge);
         }
 
         if ($this->domain != null) {
diff --git a/src/Http/Middleware/CollectGarbage.php b/src/Http/Middleware/CollectGarbage.php
index f4882c9fb..0075fe0ea 100644
--- a/src/Http/Middleware/CollectGarbage.php
+++ b/src/Http/Middleware/CollectGarbage.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Http\Middleware;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Flarum\Http\AccessToken;
 use Flarum\User\AuthToken;
 use Flarum\User\EmailToken;
@@ -54,9 +55,11 @@ class CollectGarbage implements MiddlewareInterface
             return;
         }
 
-        AccessToken::whereRaw('last_activity <= ? - lifetime', [time()])->delete();
+        $time = Carbon::now()->timestamp;
 
-        $earliestToKeep = date('Y-m-d H:i:s', time() - 24 * 60 * 60);
+        AccessToken::whereRaw('last_activity <= ? - lifetime', [$time])->delete();
+
+        $earliestToKeep = date('Y-m-d H:i:s', $time - 24 * 60 * 60);
 
         EmailToken::where('created_at', '<=', $earliestToKeep)->delete();
         PasswordToken::where('created_at', '<=', $earliestToKeep)->delete();
diff --git a/src/Notification/Notification.php b/src/Notification/Notification.php
index cb906dea2..6a87ad692 100644
--- a/src/Notification/Notification.php
+++ b/src/Notification/Notification.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Notification;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Flarum\Database\AbstractModel;
 use Flarum\User\User;
 
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ class Notification extends AbstractModel
      */
     public function read()
     {
-        $this->read_at = time();
+        $this->read_at = Carbon::now();
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/Notification/NotificationRepository.php b/src/Notification/NotificationRepository.php
index 4b0d2b54a..57ed3b02a 100644
--- a/src/Notification/NotificationRepository.php
+++ b/src/Notification/NotificationRepository.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Notification;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Flarum\User\User;
 
 class NotificationRepository
@@ -53,6 +54,6 @@ class NotificationRepository
      */
     public function markAllAsRead(User $user)
     {
-        Notification::where('user_id', $user->id)->update(['read_at' => time()]);
+        Notification::where('user_id', $user->id)->update(['read_at' => Carbon::now()]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Post/Command/PostReplyHandler.php b/src/Post/Command/PostReplyHandler.php
index a3e066c50..816448da5 100644
--- a/src/Post/Command/PostReplyHandler.php
+++ b/src/Post/Command/PostReplyHandler.php
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Post\Command;
 
-use DateTime;
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Flarum\Discussion\DiscussionRepository;
 use Flarum\Foundation\DispatchEventsTrait;
 use Flarum\Notification\NotificationSyncer;
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class PostReplyHandler
 
         // If this is the first post in the discussion, it's technically not a
         // "reply", so we won't check for that permission.
-        if ($discussion->number_index > 0) {
+        if ($discussion->post_number_index > 0) {
             $this->assertCan($actor, 'reply', $discussion);
         }
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class PostReplyHandler
         );
 
         if ($actor->isAdmin() && ($time = array_get($command->data, 'attributes.time'))) {
-            $post->time = new DateTime($time);
+            $post->created_at = new Carbon($time);
         }
 
         $this->events->dispatch(
diff --git a/src/Post/CommentPost.php b/src/Post/CommentPost.php
index ae171ad23..4c0a58cb4 100644
--- a/src/Post/CommentPost.php
+++ b/src/Post/CommentPost.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Post;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Flarum\Formatter\Formatter;
 use Flarum\Post\Event\Hidden;
 use Flarum\Post\Event\Posted;
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ class CommentPost extends Post
     {
         $post = new static;
 
-        $post->created_at = time();
+        $post->created_at = Carbon::now();
         $post->discussion_id = $discussionId;
         $post->user_id = $userId;
         $post->type = static::$type;
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ class CommentPost extends Post
         if ($this->content !== $content) {
             $this->content = $content;
 
-            $this->edited_at = time();
+            $this->edited_at = Carbon::now();
             $this->edited_user_id = $actor->id;
 
             $this->raise(new Revised($this));
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ class CommentPost extends Post
     public function hide(User $actor = null)
     {
         if (! $this->hidden_at) {
-            $this->hidden_at = time();
+            $this->hidden_at = Carbon::now();
             $this->hidden_user_id = $actor ? $actor->id : null;
 
             $this->raise(new Hidden($this));
diff --git a/src/Post/DiscussionRenamedPost.php b/src/Post/DiscussionRenamedPost.php
index 21243d902..3feb96e5d 100644
--- a/src/Post/DiscussionRenamedPost.php
+++ b/src/Post/DiscussionRenamedPost.php
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\Post;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
+
 /**
  * A post which indicates that a discussion's title was changed.
  *
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ class DiscussionRenamedPost extends AbstractEventPost implements MergeableInterf
         $post = new static;
 
         $post->content = static::buildContent($oldTitle, $newTitle);
-        $post->time = time();
+        $post->created_at = Carbon::now();
         $post->discussion_id = $discussionId;
         $post->user_id = $userId;
 
diff --git a/src/User/AuthToken.php b/src/User/AuthToken.php
index 516dfa3c0..d13fd4e3e 100644
--- a/src/User/AuthToken.php
+++ b/src/User/AuthToken.php
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class AuthToken extends AbstractModel
 
         $token->token = str_random(40);
         $token->payload = $payload;
-        $token->created_at = time();
+        $token->created_at = Carbon::now();
 
         return $token;
     }
diff --git a/src/User/EmailToken.php b/src/User/EmailToken.php
index 0d25df3e7..5e73c7f53 100644
--- a/src/User/EmailToken.php
+++ b/src/User/EmailToken.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\User;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use DateTime;
 use Flarum\Database\AbstractModel;
 use Flarum\User\Exception\InvalidConfirmationTokenException;
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ class EmailToken extends AbstractModel
         $token->token = str_random(40);
         $token->user_id = $userId;
         $token->email = $email;
-        $token->created_at = time();
+        $token->created_at = Carbon::now();
 
         return $token;
     }
@@ -80,9 +81,10 @@ class EmailToken extends AbstractModel
      */
     public function scopeValidOrFail($query, $id)
     {
+        /** @var EmailToken $token */
         $token = $query->find($id);
 
-        if (! $token || $token->created_at < new DateTime('-1 day')) {
+        if (! $token || $token->created_at->diffInDays() >= 1) {
             throw new InvalidConfirmationTokenException;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/User/PasswordToken.php b/src/User/PasswordToken.php
index 0597012ce..cda750209 100644
--- a/src/User/PasswordToken.php
+++ b/src/User/PasswordToken.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\User;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Flarum\Database\AbstractModel;
 
 /**
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ class PasswordToken extends AbstractModel
 
         $token->token = str_random(40);
         $token->user_id = $userId;
-        $token->created_at = time();
+        $token->created_at = Carbon::now();
 
         return $token;
     }
diff --git a/src/User/User.php b/src/User/User.php
index 53057990e..446d5d107 100644
--- a/src/User/User.php
+++ b/src/User/User.php
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 namespace Flarum\User;
 
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use DomainException;
 use Flarum\Database\AbstractModel;
 use Flarum\Database\ScopeVisibilityTrait;
@@ -166,7 +167,7 @@ class User extends AbstractModel
         $user->username = $username;
         $user->email = $email;
         $user->password = $password;
-        $user->joined_at = time();
+        $user->joined_at = Carbon::now();
 
         $user->raise(new Registered($user));
 
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ class User extends AbstractModel
      */
     public function markAllAsRead()
     {
-        $this->marked_all_as_read_at = time();
+        $this->marked_all_as_read_at = Carbon::now();
 
         return $this;
     }
@@ -282,7 +283,7 @@ class User extends AbstractModel
      */
     public function markNotificationsAsRead()
     {
-        $this->read_notifications_at = time();
+        $this->read_notifications_at = Carbon::now();
 
         return $this;
     }
@@ -469,7 +470,7 @@ class User extends AbstractModel
     public function getNewNotificationsCount()
     {
         return $this->getUnreadNotifications()->filter(function ($notification) {
-            return $notification->time > $this->read_notifications_at ?: 0;
+            return $notification->created_at > $this->read_notifications_at ?: 0;
         })->count();
     }
 
@@ -568,7 +569,7 @@ class User extends AbstractModel
      */
     public function updateLastSeen()
     {
-        $this->last_seen_at = time();
+        $this->last_seen_at = Carbon::now();
 
         return $this;
     }