diff --git a/framework/core/src/Group/Command/CreateGroupHandler.php b/framework/core/src/Group/Command/CreateGroupHandler.php
index 036443213..8a000679e 100644
--- a/framework/core/src/Group/Command/CreateGroupHandler.php
+++ b/framework/core/src/Group/Command/CreateGroupHandler.php
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ class CreateGroupHandler
         $actor = $command->actor;
         $data = $command->data;
 
+        $this->assertRegistered($actor);
         $this->assertCan($actor, 'createGroup');
 
         $group = Group::build(
diff --git a/framework/core/src/User/AssertPermissionTrait.php b/framework/core/src/User/AssertPermissionTrait.php
index 7646e8080..4845d85dd 100644
--- a/framework/core/src/User/AssertPermissionTrait.php
+++ b/framework/core/src/User/AssertPermissionTrait.php
@@ -55,28 +55,17 @@ trait AssertPermissionTrait
      * @param User $actor
      * @param string $ability
      * @param mixed $arguments
-     * @throws NotAuthenticatedException
      * @throws PermissionDeniedException
      */
     protected function assertCan(User $actor, $ability, $arguments = [])
     {
-        // Identify whether guest or user has the permission.
-        $can = $actor->can($ability, $arguments);
-
-        // For non-authenticated users, we throw a different exception to signal
-        // that logging in may help.
-        if (! $can) {
-            $this->assertRegistered($actor);
-        }
-
-        // If we're logged in, then we need to communicate that the current
-        // account simply does not have enough permissions.
-        $this->assertPermission($can);
+        $this->assertPermission(
+            $actor->can($ability, $arguments)
+        );
     }
 
     /**
      * @param User $actor
-     * @throws NotAuthenticatedException
      * @throws PermissionDeniedException
      */
     protected function assertAdmin(User $actor)
diff --git a/framework/core/src/User/Command/RegisterUserHandler.php b/framework/core/src/User/Command/RegisterUserHandler.php
index f2d1818f8..e839e1c2b 100644
--- a/framework/core/src/User/Command/RegisterUserHandler.php
+++ b/framework/core/src/User/Command/RegisterUserHandler.php
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class RegisterUserHandler
         $data = $command->data;
 
         if (! $this->settings->get('allow_sign_up')) {
-            $this->assertPermission($actor->can('administrate'));
+            $this->assertAdmin($actor);
         }
 
         $password = Arr::get($data, 'attributes.password');
diff --git a/framework/core/tests/integration/api/users/ListTest.php b/framework/core/tests/integration/api/users/ListTest.php
index bbae90ecf..f1c8660b4 100644
--- a/framework/core/tests/integration/api/users/ListTest.php
+++ b/framework/core/tests/integration/api/users/ListTest.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class ListTest extends TestCase
             $this->request('GET', '/api/users')
         );
 
-        $this->assertEquals(401, $response->getStatusCode());
+        $this->assertEquals(403, $response->getStatusCode());
     }
 
     /**