diff --git a/src/transforms/apply-operation.js b/src/transforms/apply-operation.js
index a459b8301..48aa1afe8 100644
--- a/src/transforms/apply-operation.js
+++ b/src/transforms/apply-operation.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 
 import Debug from 'debug'
+import warning from '../utils/warning'
 
 /**
  * Debug.
@@ -338,6 +339,16 @@ function setNode(state, operation) {
   const { path, properties } = operation
   let { document } = state
   let node = document.assertPath(path)
+
+  // Deprecate using setNode for updating children, or keys
+  if (properties.nodes && properties.nodes != node.nodes) {
+    warning('Updating Node.nodes through setNode is not allowed. Use appropriate insertion and removal functions.')
+    delete properties.nodes
+  } else if (properties.key && properties.key != node.key) {
+    warning('Updating Node.key through setNode is not allowed. You should not have to update keys yourself.')
+    delete properties.key
+  }
+
   node = node.merge(properties)
   document = document.updateDescendant(node)
   state = state.merge({ document })