diff --git a/lib/serializers/raw.js b/lib/serializers/raw.js
index 4e4bd822f..0c5e2ca3d 100644
--- a/lib/serializers/raw.js
+++ b/lib/serializers/raw.js
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ function deserializeNode(object) {
         type: object.type,
         data: object.data,
         isVoid: object.isVoid,
-        nodes: Block.createList(object.nodes.map(deserializeNode))
+        nodes: Block.createList((object.nodes || []).map(deserializeNode))
       })
     }
     case 'inline': {
@@ -124,12 +124,12 @@ function deserializeNode(object) {
         type: object.type,
         data: object.data,
         isVoid: object.isVoid,
-        nodes: Inline.createList(object.nodes.map(deserializeNode))
+        nodes: Inline.createList((object.nodes || []).map(deserializeNode))
       })
     }
     case 'text': {
       return Text.create({
-        characters: deserializeRanges(object.ranges)
+        characters: object.ranges ? deserializeRanges(object.ranges) : ''
       })
     }
     default: {
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..40ee3b4ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'blockquote': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'quote',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6db5cf1b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<blockquote><p>one</p></blockquote>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f46e65acb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-nested/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: quote
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+      - type: paragraph
+        isVoid: false
+        data: {}
+        nodes:
+          - characters:
+              - text: o
+                marks: []
+              - text: n
+                marks: []
+              - text: e
+                marks: []
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fb09dd585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            data: { key: 'value' },
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..84a25b07c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p>one</p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..183a31ee8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-data/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data:
+      key: value
+    nodes:
+      - characters:
+          - text: o
+            marks: []
+          - text: n
+            marks: []
+          - text: e
+            marks: []
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..96483e174
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            isVoid: true
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..84a25b07c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p>one</p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c18f3f47e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block-with-is-void/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: true
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+      - characters: []
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5b7c1e619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..84a25b07c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p>one</p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c208207b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/block/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+      - characters:
+          - text: o
+            marks: []
+          - text: n
+            marks: []
+          - text: e
+            marks: []
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..709586a9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'a': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'inline',
+            type: 'link',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'b': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'inline',
+            type: 'hashtag',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aa14ba2a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p><a><b>one</b></a></p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6cc09ef75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-nested/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+    - type: link
+      isVoid: false
+      data: {}
+      nodes:
+        - type: hashtag
+          isVoid: false
+          data: {}
+          nodes:
+            - characters:
+                - text: o
+                  marks: []
+                - text: n
+                  marks: []
+                - text: e
+                  marks: []
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..17d656636
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'a': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'inline',
+            type: 'link',
+            nodes: next(el.children),
+            data: {
+              href: el.attribs.href
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..54b075fe5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p><a href="https://google.com">one</a></p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..126ef10f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-data/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+    - type: link
+      isVoid: false
+      data:
+        href: https://google.com
+      nodes:
+        - characters:
+            - text: o
+              marks: []
+            - text: n
+              marks: []
+            - text: e
+              marks: []
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e4d708733
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'a': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'inline',
+            type: 'link',
+            isVoid: true
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..20c6fcd32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p><a>one</a></p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d43f53514
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline-with-is-void/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+    - type: link
+      isVoid: true
+      data: {}
+      nodes:
+        - characters: []
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..776ac0183
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'a': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'inline',
+            type: 'link',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..20c6fcd32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p><a>one</a></p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..963558dc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/inline/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+    - type: link
+      isVoid: false
+      data: {}
+      nodes:
+        - characters:
+            - text: o
+              marks: []
+            - text: n
+              marks: []
+            - text: e
+              marks: []
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3f711620
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'em': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'mark',
+            type: 'italic',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'strong': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'mark',
+            type: 'bold',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ef7e16c4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p><em><strong>o</strong></em><em><strong>n</strong></em><em><strong>e</strong></em></p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..301ed48a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-interleaved/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+      - characters:
+          - text: o
+            marks:
+              - type: bold
+                data: {}
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
+          - text: n
+            marks:
+              - type: bold
+                data: {}
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
+          - text: e
+            marks:
+              - type: bold
+                data: {}
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3f711620
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'em': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'mark',
+            type: 'italic',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'strong': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'mark',
+            type: 'bold',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b1024beed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p><em><strong>one</strong></em></p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..301ed48a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark-nested/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+      - characters:
+          - text: o
+            marks:
+              - type: bold
+                data: {}
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
+          - text: n
+            marks:
+              - type: bold
+                data: {}
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
+          - text: e
+            marks:
+              - type: bold
+                data: {}
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/index.js b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e5f82aff6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+
+export default [
+  {
+    deserialize(el, next) {
+      switch (el.tagName) {
+        case 'p': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'block',
+            type: 'paragraph',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+        case 'em': {
+          return {
+            kind: 'mark',
+            type: 'italic',
+            nodes: next(el.children)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/input.html b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/input.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ef34951a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/input.html
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p><em>one</em></p>
diff --git a/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/output.yaml b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/output.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7465a65d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/serializers/fixtures/html/deserialize/mark/output.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+
+nodes:
+  - type: paragraph
+    isVoid: false
+    data: {}
+    nodes:
+      - characters:
+          - text: o
+            marks:
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
+          - text: n
+            marks:
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
+          - text: e
+            marks:
+              - type: italic
+                data: {}
diff --git a/test/serializers/index.js b/test/serializers/index.js
index 574f0b616..689a91a89 100644
--- a/test/serializers/index.js
+++ b/test/serializers/index.js
@@ -6,85 +6,111 @@ import { Html, Plain, Raw } from '../..'
 import { equal, strictEqual } from '../helpers/assert-json'
 import { resolve } from 'path'
 
-/**
- * Serializers.
- */
-
-const SERIALIZERS = {
-
-  html: (dir) => {
-    const module = require(dir)
-    const html = new Html(module)
-    return {
-      extension: 'html',
-      deserialize: html.deserialize,
-      serialize: html.serialize,
-      read: file => fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8').trim()
-    }
-  },
-
-  plain: (dir) => ({
-    extension: 'txt',
-    deserialize: Plain.deserialize,
-    serialize: Plain.serialize,
-    read: file => fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8').trim()
-  }),
-
-  raw: (dir) => ({
-    extension: 'yaml',
-    deserialize: Raw.deserialize,
-    serialize: Raw.serialize,
-    read: file => readMetadata.sync(file)
-  })
-
-}
-
 /**
  * Tests.
  */
 
 describe('serializers', () => {
-  const serializers = fs.readdirSync(resolve(__dirname, './fixtures'))
+  describe('html', () => {
+    describe('deserialize()', () => {
+      const dir = resolve(__dirname, './fixtures/html/deserialize')
+      const tests = fs.readdirSync(dir)
 
-  for (const serializer of serializers) {
-    describe(serializer, () => {
-      describe('deserialize()', () => {
-        const dir = resolve(__dirname, './fixtures', serializer, 'deserialize')
-        const tests = fs.readdirSync(dir)
-
-        for (const test of tests) {
-          it(test, () => {
-            const innerDir = resolve(dir, test)
-            const Serializer = SERIALIZERS[serializer](innerDir)
-
-            const expected = readMetadata.sync(resolve(innerDir, 'output.yaml'))
-            const input = Serializer.read(resolve(innerDir, `input.${Serializer.extension}`))
-            const state = Serializer.deserialize(input)
-            const json = state.document.toJS()
-            strictEqual(clean(json), expected)
-          })
-        }
-      })
-
-      describe('serialize()', () => {
-        const dir = resolve(__dirname, './fixtures', serializer, 'serialize')
-        const tests = fs.readdirSync(dir)
-
-        for (const test of tests) {
-          it(test, () => {
-            const innerDir = resolve(dir, test)
-            const Serializer = SERIALIZERS[serializer](innerDir)
-
-            const input = require(resolve(innerDir, 'input.js')).default
-            const expected = Serializer.read(resolve(innerDir, `output.${Serializer.extension}`))
-            const serialized = Serializer.serialize(input)
-            debugger
-            strictEqual(serialized, expected)
-          })
-        }
-      })
+      for (const test of tests) {
+        it(test, () => {
+          const innerDir = resolve(dir, test)
+          const html = new Html(require(innerDir).default)
+          const expected = readMetadata.sync(resolve(innerDir, 'output.yaml'))
+          const input = fs.readFileSync(resolve(innerDir, 'input.html'), 'utf8')
+          const state = html.deserialize(input)
+          const json = state.document.toJS()
+          strictEqual(clean(json), expected)
+        })
+      }
     })
-  }
+
+    describe('serialize()', () => {
+      const dir = resolve(__dirname, './fixtures/html/serialize')
+      const tests = fs.readdirSync(dir)
+
+      for (const test of tests) {
+        it(test, () => {
+          const innerDir = resolve(dir, test)
+          const html = new Html(require(innerDir).default)
+          const input = require(resolve(innerDir, 'input.js')).default
+          const expected = fs.readFileSync(resolve(innerDir, 'output.html'), 'utf8')
+          const serialized = html.serialize(input)
+          strictEqual(serialized, expected.trim())
+        })
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('plain', () => {
+    describe('deserialize()', () => {
+      const dir = resolve(__dirname, './fixtures/plain/deserialize')
+      const tests = fs.readdirSync(dir)
+
+      for (const test of tests) {
+        it(test, () => {
+          const innerDir = resolve(dir, test)
+          const expected = readMetadata.sync(resolve(innerDir, 'output.yaml'))
+          const input = fs.readFileSync(resolve(innerDir, 'input.txt'), 'utf8')
+          const state = Plain.deserialize(input.trim())
+          const json = state.document.toJS()
+          strictEqual(clean(json), expected)
+        })
+      }
+    })
+
+    describe('serialize()', () => {
+      const dir = resolve(__dirname, './fixtures/plain/serialize')
+      const tests = fs.readdirSync(dir)
+
+      for (const test of tests) {
+        it(test, () => {
+          const innerDir = resolve(dir, test)
+          const input = require(resolve(innerDir, 'input.js')).default
+          const expected = fs.readFileSync(resolve(innerDir, 'output.txt'), 'utf8')
+          const serialized = Plain.serialize(input)
+          strictEqual(serialized, expected.trim())
+        })
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('raw', () => {
+    describe('deserialize()', () => {
+      const dir = resolve(__dirname, './fixtures/raw/deserialize')
+      const tests = fs.readdirSync(dir)
+
+      for (const test of tests) {
+        it(test, () => {
+          const innerDir = resolve(dir, test)
+          const expected = readMetadata.sync(resolve(innerDir, 'output.yaml'))
+          const input = readMetadata.sync(resolve(innerDir, 'input.yaml'))
+          const state = Raw.deserialize(input)
+          const json = state.document.toJS()
+          strictEqual(clean(json), expected)
+        })
+      }
+    })
+
+    describe('serialize()', () => {
+      const dir = resolve(__dirname, './fixtures/raw/serialize')
+      const tests = fs.readdirSync(dir)
+
+      for (const test of tests) {
+        it(test, () => {
+          const innerDir = resolve(dir, test)
+          const input = require(resolve(innerDir, 'input.js')).default
+          const expected = readMetadata.sync(resolve(innerDir, 'output.yaml'))
+          const serialized = Raw.serialize(input)
+          strictEqual(serialized, expected)
+        })
+      }
+    })
+  })
 })
 
 /**