Gradients and shadows (#24429)

* Update the form focus mixin to use a manual `$enable-shadows` check so we can always ensure a focus state for accessibility and consistency

* - Add new `$input-btn-focus-width` and `$input-btn-focus-color` variables.

- Replace separate `$btn-focus-box-shadow` and `$input-focus-box-shadow`
variables with unified `$input-btn-focus-box-shadow` to match our
combined variables approach elsewhere.

* Put new focus width var to use in buttons mixins

* use new button input-box shadow var

* Add a new mixin for quickly adding linear gradient to components when $enable-gradients is set to true

* use correct var

* fix focus shadows in button mixins

* Add opt-in gradients to alerts, buttons, carousel, custom radios and checkboxes, custom file input, and dropdown items

* Generate .bg-gradient- utilities

* add headings to colors page and document bg-gradient utils

* update the button color for active status, check with yiq as it's done for basic state and hover state

scss/mixins/_gradients.scss

@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
 // Gradients
 
+@mixin gradient-bg($color) {
+  @if $enable-gradients {
+    background: $color linear-gradient(180deg, mix($body-bg, $color, 15%), $color) repeat-x;
+  } @else {
+    background-color: $color;
+  }
+}
+
 // Horizontal gradient, from left to right
 //
 // Creates two color stops, start and end, by specifying a color and position for each color stop.