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mirror of https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap.git synced 2025-08-13 17:14:04 +02:00

update to 4.2.1

This commit is contained in:
Mark Otto
2018-12-22 12:03:13 -08:00
parent 5b27630cb4
commit d6678e8c46
218 changed files with 85211 additions and 1065 deletions

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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
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<title>Code · Bootstrap</title>
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Overview
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<ul class="section-nav">
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#inline-code">Inline code</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#code-blocks">Code blocks</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#variables">Variables</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#user-input">User input</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#sample-output">Sample output</a></li>
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<main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main">
<h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Code</h1>
<p class="bd-lead">Documentation and examples for displaying inline and multiline blocks of code with Bootstrap.</p>
<script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script>
<h2 id="inline-code">Inline code</h2>
<p>Wrap inline snippets of code with <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;code&gt;</code>. Be sure to escape HTML angle brackets.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
For example, <code>&lt;section&gt;</code> should be wrapped as inline.
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html">For example, <span class="nt">&lt;code&gt;</span><span class="ni">&amp;lt;</span>section<span class="ni">&amp;gt;</span><span class="nt">&lt;/code&gt;</span> should be wrapped as inline.</code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="code-blocks">Code blocks</h2>
<p>Use <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;pre&gt;</code>s for multiple lines of code. Once again, be sure to escape any angle brackets in the code for proper rendering. You may optionally add the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.pre-scrollable</code> class, which will set a max-height of 340px and provide a y-axis scrollbar.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And another line of sample text here...&lt;/p&gt;
</code></pre>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;pre&gt;&lt;code&gt;</span><span class="ni">&amp;lt;</span>p<span class="ni">&amp;gt;</span>Sample text here...<span class="ni">&amp;lt;</span>/p<span class="ni">&amp;gt;</span>
<span class="ni">&amp;lt;</span>p<span class="ni">&amp;gt;</span>And another line of sample text here...<span class="ni">&amp;lt;</span>/p<span class="ni">&amp;gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="variables">Variables</h2>
<p>For indicating variables use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;var&gt;</code> tag.</p>
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<var>y</var> = <var>m</var><var>x</var> + <var>b</var>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;var&gt;</span>y<span class="nt">&lt;/var&gt;</span> = <span class="nt">&lt;var&gt;</span>m<span class="nt">&lt;/var&gt;&lt;var&gt;</span>x<span class="nt">&lt;/var&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;var&gt;</span>b<span class="nt">&lt;/var&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="user-input">User input</h2>
<p>Use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;kbd&gt;</code> to indicate input that is typically entered via keyboard.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
To switch directories, type <kbd>cd</kbd> followed by the name of the directory.<br />
To edit settings, press <kbd><kbd>ctrl</kbd> + <kbd>,</kbd></kbd>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html">To switch directories, type <span class="nt">&lt;kbd&gt;</span>cd<span class="nt">&lt;/kbd&gt;</span> followed by the name of the directory.<span class="nt">&lt;br&gt;</span>
To edit settings, press <span class="nt">&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;</span>ctrl<span class="nt">&lt;/kbd&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;kbd&gt;</span>,<span class="nt">&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="sample-output">Sample output</h2>
<p>For indicating sample output from a program use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;samp&gt;</code> tag.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<samp>This text is meant to be treated as sample output from a computer program.</samp>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;samp&gt;</span>This text is meant to be treated as sample output from a computer program.<span class="nt">&lt;/samp&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
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<main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main">
<h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Figures</h1>
<p class="bd-lead">Documentation and examples for displaying related images and text with the figure component in Bootstrap.</p>
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<p>Anytime you need to display a piece of content—like an image with an optional caption, consider using a <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;figure&gt;</code>.</p>
<p>Use the included <code class="highlighter-rouge">.figure</code> , <code class="highlighter-rouge">.figure-img</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">.figure-caption</code> classes to provide some baseline styles for the HTML5 <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;figure&gt;</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;figcaption&gt;</code> elements. Images in figures have no explicit size, so be sure to add the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.img-fluid</code> class to your <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;img&gt;</code> to make it responsive.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<figure class="figure">
<svg class="bd-placeholder-img figure-img img-fluid rounded" width="400" height="300" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-label="Placeholder: 400x300"><title>Placeholder</title><rect fill="#868e96" width="100%" height="100%" /><text fill="#dee2e6" dy=".3em" x="50%" y="50%">400x300</text></svg>
<figcaption class="figure-caption">A caption for the above image.</figcaption>
</figure>
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<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;figure</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"figure"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"figure-img img-fluid rounded"</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"..."</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;figcaption</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"figure-caption"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>A caption for the above image.<span class="nt">&lt;/figcaption&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/figure&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>Aligning the figures caption is easy with our <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/text/#text-alignment">text utilities</a>.</p>
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<figure class="figure">
<svg class="bd-placeholder-img figure-img img-fluid rounded" width="400" height="300" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-label="Placeholder: 400x300"><title>Placeholder</title><rect fill="#868e96" width="100%" height="100%" /><text fill="#dee2e6" dy=".3em" x="50%" y="50%">400x300</text></svg>
<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">A caption for the above image.</figcaption>
</figure>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;figure</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"figure"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"figure-img img-fluid rounded"</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"..."</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;figcaption</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"figure-caption text-right"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>A caption for the above image.<span class="nt">&lt;/figcaption&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/figure&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
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<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#responsive-images">Responsive images</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#image-thumbnails">Image thumbnails</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#aligning-images">Aligning images</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#picture">Picture</a></li>
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<h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Images</h1>
<p class="bd-lead">Documentation and examples for opting images into responsive behavior (so they never become larger than their parent elements) and add lightweight styles to them—all via classes.</p>
<script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script>
<h2 id="responsive-images">Responsive images</h2>
<p>Images in Bootstrap are made responsive with <code class="highlighter-rouge">.img-fluid</code>. <code class="highlighter-rouge">max-width: 100%;</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">height: auto;</code> are applied to the image so that it scales with the parent element.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<svg class="bd-placeholder-img bd-placeholder-img-lg img-fluid" width="100%" height="250" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-label="Placeholder: Responsive image"><title>Placeholder</title><rect fill="#868e96" width="100%" height="100%" /><text fill="#dee2e6" dy=".3em" x="50%" y="50%">Responsive image</text></svg>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"img-fluid"</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"Responsive image"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<div class="bd-callout bd-callout-warning">
<h5 id="svg-images-and-ie-10">SVG images and IE 10</h5>
<p>In Internet Explorer 10, SVG images with <code class="highlighter-rouge">.img-fluid</code> are disproportionately sized. To fix this, add <code class="highlighter-rouge">width: 100% \9;</code> where necessary. This fix improperly sizes other image formats, so Bootstrap doesnt apply it automatically.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="image-thumbnails">Image thumbnails</h2>
<p>In addition to our <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/borders/">border-radius utilities</a>, you can use <code class="highlighter-rouge">.img-thumbnail</code> to give an image a rounded 1px border appearance.</p>
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<svg class="bd-placeholder-img img-thumbnail" width="200" height="200" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-label="A generic square placeholder image with a white border around it, making it resemble a photograph taken with an old instant camera: 200x200"><title>A generic square placeholder image with a white border around it, making it resemble a photograph taken with an old instant camera</title><rect fill="#868e96" width="100%" height="100%" /><text fill="#dee2e6" dy=".3em" x="50%" y="50%">200x200</text></svg>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"img-thumbnail"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="aligning-images">Aligning images</h2>
<p>Align images with the <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/float/">helper float classes</a> or <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/text/#text-alignment">text alignment classes</a>. <code class="highlighter-rouge">block</code>-level images can be centered using <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/spacing/#horizontal-centering">the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mx-auto</code> margin utility class</a>.</p>
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<svg class="bd-placeholder-img rounded float-left" width="200" height="200" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-label="Placeholder: 200x200"><title>Placeholder</title><rect fill="#868e96" width="100%" height="100%" /><text fill="#dee2e6" dy=".3em" x="50%" y="50%">200x200</text></svg>
<svg class="bd-placeholder-img rounded float-right" width="200" height="200" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-label="Placeholder: 200x200"><title>Placeholder</title><rect fill="#868e96" width="100%" height="100%" /><text fill="#dee2e6" dy=".3em" x="50%" y="50%">200x200</text></svg>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"rounded float-left"</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"..."</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"rounded float-right"</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"..."</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<svg class="bd-placeholder-img rounded mx-auto d-block" width="200" height="200" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-label="Placeholder: 200x200"><title>Placeholder</title><rect fill="#868e96" width="100%" height="100%" /><text fill="#dee2e6" dy=".3em" x="50%" y="50%">200x200</text></svg>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"rounded mx-auto d-block"</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"..."</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<div class="bd-example bd-example-images">
<div class="text-center">
<svg class="bd-placeholder-img rounded" width="200" height="200" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-label="Placeholder: 200x200"><title>Placeholder</title><rect fill="#868e96" width="100%" height="100%" /><text fill="#dee2e6" dy=".3em" x="50%" y="50%">200x200</text></svg>
</div>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;div</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"text-center"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"rounded"</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"..."</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/div&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="picture">Picture</h2>
<p>If you are using the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;picture&gt;</code> element to specify multiple <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;source&gt;</code> elements for a specific <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;img&gt;</code>, make sure to add the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.img-*</code> classes to the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;img&gt;</code> and not to the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;picture&gt;</code> tag.</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;picture&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;source</span> <span class="na">srcset=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"image/svg+xml"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;img</span> <span class="na">src=</span><span class="s">"..."</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"img-fluid img-thumbnail"</span> <span class="na">alt=</span><span class="s">"..."</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/picture&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
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<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#approach">Approach</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#page-defaults">Page defaults</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#native-font-stack">Native font stack</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#headings-and-paragraphs">Headings and paragraphs</a></li>
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<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#forms">Forms</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#misc-elements">Misc elements</a>
<ul>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#address">Address</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#blockquote">Blockquote</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#inline-elements">Inline elements</a></li>
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<main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main">
<h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Reboot</h1>
<p class="bd-lead">Reboot, a collection of element-specific CSS changes in a single file, kickstart Bootstrap to provide an elegant, consistent, and simple baseline to build upon.</p>
<script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script>
<h2 id="approach">Approach</h2>
<p>Reboot builds upon Normalize, providing many HTML elements with somewhat opinionated styles using only element selectors. Additional styling is done only with classes. For example, we reboot some <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;table&gt;</code> styles for a simpler baseline and later provide <code class="highlighter-rouge">.table</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">.table-bordered</code>, and more.</p>
<p>Here are our guidelines and reasons for choosing what to override in Reboot:</p>
<ul>
<li>Update some browser default values to use <code class="highlighter-rouge">rem</code>s instead of <code class="highlighter-rouge">em</code>s for scalable component spacing.</li>
<li>Avoid <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code>. Vertical margins can collapse, yielding unexpected results. More importantly though, a single direction of <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> is a simpler mental model.</li>
<li>For easier scaling across device sizes, block elements should use <code class="highlighter-rouge">rem</code>s for <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code>s.</li>
<li>Keep declarations of <code class="highlighter-rouge">font</code>-related properties to a minimum, using <code class="highlighter-rouge">inherit</code> whenever possible.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="page-defaults">Page defaults</h2>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="nt">&lt;html&gt;</span></code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;body&gt;</code> elements are updated to provide better page-wide defaults. More specifically:</p>
<ul>
<li>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">box-sizing</code> is globally set on every element—including <code class="highlighter-rouge">*::before</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">*::after</code>, to <code class="highlighter-rouge">border-box</code>. This ensures that the declared width of element is never exceeded due to padding or border.
<ul>
<li>No base <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-size</code> is declared on the <code class="highlighter-rouge"><span class="nt">&lt;html&gt;</span></code>, but <code class="highlighter-rouge">16px</code> is assumed (the browser default). <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-size: 1rem</code> is applied on the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;body&gt;</code> for easy responsive type-scaling via media queries while respecting user preferences and ensuring a more accessible approach.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;body&gt;</code> also sets a global <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-family</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">line-height</code>, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">text-align</code>. This is inherited later by some form elements to prevent font inconsistencies.</li>
<li>For safety, the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;body&gt;</code> has a declared <code class="highlighter-rouge">background-color</code>, defaulting to <code class="highlighter-rouge">#fff</code>.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="native-font-stack">Native font stack</h2>
<p>The default web fonts (Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, and Arial) have been dropped in Bootstrap 4 and replaced with a “native font stack” for optimum text rendering on every device and OS. Read more about <a href="https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2015/11/using-system-ui-fonts-practical-guide/">native font stacks in this <em>Smashing Magazine</em> article</a>.</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-sass" data-lang="sass"><span class="nv">$font-family-sans-serif</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1">// Safari for macOS and iOS (San Francisco)</span>
<span class="nt">-apple-system</span><span class="o">,</span>
<span class="c1">// Chrome &lt; 56 for macOS (San Francisco)</span>
<span class="nt">BlinkMacSystemFont</span><span class="o">,</span>
<span class="c1">// Windows</span>
<span class="s2">"Segoe UI"</span><span class="o">,</span>
<span class="c1">// Android</span>
<span class="s2">"Roboto"</span><span class="o">,</span>
<span class="c1">// Basic web fallback</span>
<span class="s2">"Helvetica Neue"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">Arial</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">sans-serif</span><span class="o">,</span>
<span class="c1">// Emoji fonts</span>
<span class="s2">"Apple Color Emoji"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="s2">"Segoe UI Emoji"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="s2">"Segoe UI Symbol"</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nt">default</span><span class="o">;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p>This <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-family</code> is applied to the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;body&gt;</code> and automatically inherited globally throughout Bootstrap. To switch the global <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-family</code>, update <code class="highlighter-rouge">$font-family-base</code> and recompile Bootstrap.</p>
<h2 id="headings-and-paragraphs">Headings and paragraphs</h2>
<p>All heading elements—e.g., <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h1&gt;</code>—and <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;p&gt;</code> are reset to have their <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code> removed. Headings have <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: .5rem</code> added and paragraphs <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: 1rem</code> for easy spacing.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h1&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h2&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h3&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h4&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h5&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h6&gt;&lt;/h6&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<p>All lists—<code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;ul&gt;</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;ol&gt;</code>, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;dl&gt;</code>—have their <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code> removed and a <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: 1rem</code>. Nested lists have no <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom</code>.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<ul>
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
<ul>
<li>Phasellus iaculis neque</li>
<li>Purus sodales ultricies</li>
<li>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem</li>
<li>Ac tristique libero volutpat at</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p>For simpler styling, clear hierarchy, and better spacing, description lists have updated <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code>s. <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;dd&gt;</code>s reset <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-left</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">0</code> and add <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: .5rem</code>. <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;dt&gt;</code>s are <strong>bolded</strong>.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<dl>
<dt>Description lists</dt>
<dd>A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
<dt>Euismod</dt>
<dd>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem.</dd>
<dd>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</dd>
<dt>Malesuada porta</dt>
<dd>Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<h2 id="preformatted-text">Preformatted text</h2>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;pre&gt;</code> element is reset to remove its <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-top</code> and use <code class="highlighter-rouge">rem</code> units for its <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom</code>.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<pre>
.example-element {
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
</pre>
</div>
<h2 id="tables">Tables</h2>
<p>Tables are slightly adjusted to style <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;caption&gt;</code>s, collapse borders, and ensure consistent <code class="highlighter-rouge">text-align</code> throughout. Additional changes for borders, padding, and more come with <a href="/docs/4.2/content/tables/">the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.table</code> class</a>.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<table>
<caption>
This is an example table, and this is its caption to describe the contents.
</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
<th>Table heading</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
<td>Table cell</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="forms">Forms</h2>
<p>Various form elements have been rebooted for simpler base styles. Here are some of the most notable changes:</p>
<ul>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;fieldset&gt;</code>s have no borders, padding, or margin so they can be easily used as wrappers for individual inputs or groups of inputs.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;legend&gt;</code>s, like fieldsets, have also been restyled to be displayed as a heading of sorts.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;label&gt;</code>s are set to <code class="highlighter-rouge">display: inline-block</code> to allow <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> to be applied.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;input&gt;</code>s, <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;select&gt;</code>s, <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;textarea&gt;</code>s, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;button&gt;</code>s are mostly addressed by Normalize, but Reboot removes their <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> and sets <code class="highlighter-rouge">line-height: inherit</code>, too.</li>
<li><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;textarea&gt;</code>s are modified to only be resizable vertically as horizontal resizing often “breaks” page layout.</li>
</ul>
<p>These changes, and more, are demonstrated below.</p>
<form class="bd-example">
<fieldset>
<legend>Example legend</legend>
<p>
<label for="input">Example input</label>
<input type="text" id="input" placeholder="Example input" />
</p>
<p>
<label for="select">Example select</label>
<select id="select">
<option value="">Choose...</option>
<optgroup label="Option group 1">
<option value="">Option 1</option>
<option value="">Option 2</option>
<option value="">Option 3</option>
</optgroup>
<optgroup label="Option group 2">
<option value="">Option 4</option>
<option value="">Option 5</option>
<option value="">Option 6</option>
</optgroup>
</select>
</p>
<p>
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="" />
Check this checkbox
</label>
</p>
<p>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios1" value="option1" checked="" />
Option one is this and that
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios2" value="option2" />
Option two is something else that's also super long to demonstrate the wrapping of these fancy form controls.
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios3" value="option3" disabled="" />
Option three is disabled
</label>
</p>
<p>
<label for="textarea">Example textarea</label>
<textarea id="textarea" rows="3"></textarea>
</p>
<p>
<label for="date">Example date</label>
<input type="date" id="date" />
</p>
<p>
<label for="time">Example time</label>
<input type="time" id="time" />
</p>
<p>
<label for="output">Example output</label>
<output name="result" id="output">100</output>
</p>
<p>
<button type="submit">Button submit</button>
<input type="submit" value="Input submit button" />
<input type="button" value="Input button" />
</p>
<p>
<button type="submit" disabled="">Button submit</button>
<input type="submit" value="Input submit button" disabled="" />
<input type="button" value="Input button" disabled="" />
</p>
</fieldset>
</form>
<h2 id="misc-elements">Misc elements</h2>
<h3 id="address">Address</h3>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;address&gt;</code> element is updated to reset the browser default <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-style</code> from <code class="highlighter-rouge">italic</code> to <code class="highlighter-rouge">normal</code>. <code class="highlighter-rouge">line-height</code> is also now inherited, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin-bottom: 1rem</code> has been added. <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;address&gt;</code>s are for presenting contact information for the nearest ancestor (or an entire body of work). Preserve formatting by ending lines with <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;br&gt;</code>.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<address>
<strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br />
1355 Market St, Suite 900<br />
San Francisco, CA 94103<br />
<abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
</address>
<address>
<strong>Full Name</strong><br />
<a href="mailto:first.last@example.com">first.last@example.com</a>
</address>
</div>
<h3 id="blockquote">Blockquote</h3>
<p>The default <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> on blockquotes is <code class="highlighter-rouge">1em 40px</code>, so we reset that to <code class="highlighter-rouge">0 0 1rem</code> for something more consistent with other elements.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
<h3 id="inline-elements">Inline elements</h3>
<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;abbr&gt;</code> element receives basic styling to make it stand out amongst paragraph text.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
Nulla <abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr> vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.
</div>
<h3 id="summary">Summary</h3>
<p>The default <code class="highlighter-rouge">cursor</code> on summary is <code class="highlighter-rouge">text</code>, so we reset that to <code class="highlighter-rouge">pointer</code> to convey that the element can be interacted with by clicking on it.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<details>
<summary>Some details</summary>
<p>More info about the details.</p>
</details>
<details open="">
<summary>Even more details</summary>
<p>Here are even more details about the details.</p>
</details>
</div>
<h2 id="html5-hidden-attribute">HTML5 <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code> attribute</h2>
<p>HTML5 adds <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/hidden">a new global attribute named <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code></a>, which is styled as <code class="highlighter-rouge">display: none</code> by default. Borrowing an idea from <a href="https://purecss.io/">PureCSS</a>, we improve upon this default by making <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden] { display: none !important; }</code> to help prevent its <code class="highlighter-rouge">display</code> from getting accidentally overridden. While <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code> isnt natively supported by IE10, the explicit declaration in our CSS gets around that problem.</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;input</span> <span class="na">type=</span><span class="s">"text"</span> <span class="na">hidden</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<div class="bd-callout bd-callout-warning">
<h5 id="jquery-incompatibility">jQuery incompatibility</h5>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code> is not compatible with jQuerys <code class="highlighter-rouge">$(...).hide()</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">$(...).show()</code> methods. Therefore, we dont currently especially endorse <code class="highlighter-rouge">[hidden]</code> over other techniques for managing the <code class="highlighter-rouge">display</code> of elements.</p>
</div>
<p>To merely toggle the visibility of an element, meaning its <code class="highlighter-rouge">display</code> is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document, use <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/visibility/">the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.invisible</code> class</a> instead.</p>
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Badge
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/breadcrumb/">
Breadcrumb
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/buttons/">
Buttons
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/button-group/">
Button group
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/card/">
Card
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/carousel/">
Carousel
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/collapse/">
Collapse
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/dropdowns/">
Dropdowns
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/forms/">
Forms
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/input-group/">
Input group
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/jumbotron/">
Jumbotron
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/list-group/">
List group
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/media-object/">
Media object
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/modal/">
Modal
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/navs/">
Navs
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/navbar/">
Navbar
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/pagination/">
Pagination
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/popovers/">
Popovers
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/progress/">
Progress
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/scrollspy/">
Scrollspy
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/spinners/">
Spinners
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/toasts/">
Toasts
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/components/tooltips/">
Tooltips
</a>
</li></ul>
</div><div class="bd-toc-item">
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.2/utilities/borders/">
Utilities
</a>
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/borders/">
Borders
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/clearfix/">
Clearfix
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/close-icon/">
Close icon
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/colors/">
Colors
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/display/">
Display
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/embed/">
Embed
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/flex/">
Flex
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/float/">
Float
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/image-replacement/">
Image replacement
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/overflow/">
Overflow
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/position/">
Position
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/screenreaders/">
Screenreaders
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/shadows/">
Shadows
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/sizing/">
Sizing
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/spacing/">
Spacing
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/text/">
Text
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/vertical-align/">
Vertical align
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/visibility/">
Visibility
</a>
</li></ul>
</div><div class="bd-toc-item">
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.2/extend/approach/">
Extend
</a>
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/extend/approach/">
Approach
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/extend/icons/">
Icons
</a>
</li></ul>
</div><div class="bd-toc-item">
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.2/migration/">
Migration
</a>
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"></ul>
</div><div class="bd-toc-item">
<a class="bd-toc-link" href="/docs/4.2/about/overview/">
About
</a>
<ul class="nav bd-sidenav"><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/about/overview/">
Overview
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/about/team/">
Team
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/about/brand/">
Brand
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/about/license/">
License
</a>
</li><li>
<a href="/docs/4.2/about/translations/">
Translations
</a>
</li></ul>
</div></nav>
</div>
<div class="d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 bd-toc">
<ul class="section-nav">
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#global-settings">Global settings</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#headings">Headings</a>
<ul>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#customizing-headings">Customizing headings</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#display-headings">Display headings</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#lead">Lead</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#inline-text-elements">Inline text elements</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#text-utilities">Text utilities</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#blockquotes">Blockquotes</a>
<ul>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#naming-a-source">Naming a source</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#alignment">Alignment</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#lists">Lists</a>
<ul>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#unstyled">Unstyled</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#inline">Inline</a></li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h3"><a href="#description-list-alignment">Description list alignment</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toc-entry toc-h2"><a href="#responsive-typography">Responsive typography</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 py-md-3 pl-md-5 bd-content" role="main">
<h1 class="bd-title" id="content">Typography</h1>
<p class="bd-lead">Documentation and examples for Bootstrap typography, including global settings, headings, body text, lists, and more.</p>
<script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script>
<h2 id="global-settings">Global settings</h2>
<p>Bootstrap sets basic global display, typography, and link styles. When more control is needed, check out the <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/text/">textual utility classes</a>.</p>
<ul>
<li>Use a <a href="/docs/4.2/content/reboot/#native-font-stack">native font stack</a> that selects the best <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-family</code> for each OS and device.</li>
<li>For a more inclusive and accessible type scale, we assume the browser default root <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-size</code> (typically 16px) so visitors can customize their browser defaults as needed.</li>
<li>Use the <code class="highlighter-rouge">$font-family-base</code>, <code class="highlighter-rouge">$font-size-base</code>, and <code class="highlighter-rouge">$line-height-base</code> attributes as our typographic base applied to the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;body&gt;</code>.</li>
<li>Set the global link color via <code class="highlighter-rouge">$link-color</code> and apply link underlines only on <code class="highlighter-rouge">:hover</code>.</li>
<li>Use <code class="highlighter-rouge">$body-bg</code> to set a <code class="highlighter-rouge">background-color</code> on the <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;body&gt;</code> (<code class="highlighter-rouge">#fff</code> by default).</li>
</ul>
<p>These styles can be found within <code class="highlighter-rouge">_reboot.scss</code>, and the global variables are defined in <code class="highlighter-rouge">_variables.scss</code>. Make sure to set <code class="highlighter-rouge">$font-size-base</code> in <code class="highlighter-rouge">rem</code>.</p>
<h2 id="headings">Headings</h2>
<p>All HTML headings, <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h1&gt;</code> through <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h6&gt;</code>, are available.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Heading</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h1&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h2&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h3&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h4&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h5&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;h6&gt;&lt;/h6&gt;</code></p>
</td>
<td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;h1&gt;</span>h1. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/h1&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;h2&gt;</span>h2. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/h2&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;h3&gt;</span>h3. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/h3&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;h4&gt;</span>h4. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/h4&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;h5&gt;</span>h5. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/h5&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;h6&gt;</span>h6. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/h6&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">.h1</code> through <code class="highlighter-rouge">.h6</code> classes are also available, for when you want to match the font styling of a heading but cannot use the associated HTML element.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<p class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</p>
<p class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</p>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"h1"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>h1. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"h2"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>h2. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"h3"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>h3. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"h4"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>h4. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"h5"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>h5. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"h6"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>h6. Bootstrap heading<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="customizing-headings">Customizing headings</h3>
<p>Use the included utility classes to recreate the small secondary heading text from Bootstrap 3.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<h3>
Fancy display heading
<small class="text-muted">With faded secondary text</small>
</h3>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;h3&gt;</span>
Fancy display heading
<span class="nt">&lt;small</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"text-muted"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>With faded secondary text<span class="nt">&lt;/small&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/h3&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="display-headings">Display headings</h2>
<p>Traditional heading elements are designed to work best in the meat of your page content. When you need a heading to stand out, consider using a <strong>display heading</strong>—a larger, slightly more opinionated heading style.</p>
<div class="bd-example bd-example-type">
<table class="table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-1">Display 1</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-2">Display 2</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-3">Display 3</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="display-4">Display 4</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;h1</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"display-1"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Display 1<span class="nt">&lt;/h1&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;h1</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"display-2"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Display 2<span class="nt">&lt;/h1&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;h1</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"display-3"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Display 3<span class="nt">&lt;/h1&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;h1</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"display-4"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Display 4<span class="nt">&lt;/h1&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="lead">Lead</h2>
<p>Make a paragraph stand out by adding <code class="highlighter-rouge">.lead</code>.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<p class="lead">
Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus.
</p>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"lead"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor. Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus.
<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="inline-text-elements">Inline text elements</h2>
<p>Styling for common inline HTML5 elements.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<p>You can use the mark tag to <mark>highlight</mark> text.</p>
<p><del>This line of text is meant to be treated as deleted text.</del></p>
<p><s>This line of text is meant to be treated as no longer accurate.</s></p>
<p><ins>This line of text is meant to be treated as an addition to the document.</ins></p>
<p><u>This line of text will render as underlined</u></p>
<p><small>This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.</small></p>
<p><strong>This line rendered as bold text.</strong></p>
<p><em>This line rendered as italicized text.</em></p>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;</span>You can use the mark tag to <span class="nt">&lt;mark&gt;</span>highlight<span class="nt">&lt;/mark&gt;</span> text.<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;del&gt;</span>This line of text is meant to be treated as deleted text.<span class="nt">&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;s&gt;</span>This line of text is meant to be treated as no longer accurate.<span class="nt">&lt;/s&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;ins&gt;</span>This line of text is meant to be treated as an addition to the document.<span class="nt">&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;u&gt;</span>This line of text will render as underlined<span class="nt">&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;small&gt;</span>This line of text is meant to be treated as fine print.<span class="nt">&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;</span>This line rendered as bold text.<span class="nt">&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;</span>This line rendered as italicized text.<span class="nt">&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">.mark</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">.small</code> classes are also available to apply the same styles as <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;mark&gt;</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;small&gt;</code> while avoiding any unwanted semantic implications that the tags would bring.</p>
<p>While not shown above, feel free to use <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;b&gt;</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;i&gt;</code> in HTML5. <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;b&gt;</code> is meant to highlight words or phrases without conveying additional importance while <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;i&gt;</code> is mostly for voice, technical terms, etc.</p>
<h2 id="text-utilities">Text utilities</h2>
<p>Change text alignment, transform, style, weight, and color with our <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/text/">text utilities</a> and <a href="/docs/4.2/utilities/colors/">color utilities</a>.</p>
<h2 id="abbreviations">Abbreviations</h2>
<p>Stylized implementation of HTMLs <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;abbr&gt;</code> element for abbreviations and acronyms to show the expanded version on hover. Abbreviations have a default underline and gain a help cursor to provide additional context on hover and to users of assistive technologies.</p>
<p>Add <code class="highlighter-rouge">.initialism</code> to an abbreviation for a slightly smaller font-size.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<p><abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr></p>
<p><abbr title="HyperText Markup Language" class="initialism">HTML</abbr></p>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;abbr</span> <span class="na">title=</span><span class="s">"attribute"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>attr<span class="nt">&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;&lt;abbr</span> <span class="na">title=</span><span class="s">"HyperText Markup Language"</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"initialism"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>HTML<span class="nt">&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="blockquotes">Blockquotes</h2>
<p>For quoting blocks of content from another source within your document. Wrap <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;blockquote class="blockquote"&gt;</code> around any <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr> as the quote.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;blockquote</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"blockquote"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"mb-0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/blockquote&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="naming-a-source">Naming a source</h3>
<p>Add a <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;footer class="blockquote-footer"&gt;</code> for identifying the source. Wrap the name of the source work in <code class="highlighter-rouge">&lt;cite&gt;</code>.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;blockquote</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"blockquote"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"mb-0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;footer</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"blockquote-footer"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Someone famous in <span class="nt">&lt;cite</span> <span class="na">title=</span><span class="s">"Source Title"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Source Title<span class="nt">&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/footer&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/blockquote&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="alignment">Alignment</h3>
<p>Use text utilities as needed to change the alignment of your blockquote.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<blockquote class="blockquote text-center">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;blockquote</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"blockquote text-center"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"mb-0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;footer</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"blockquote-footer"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Someone famous in <span class="nt">&lt;cite</span> <span class="na">title=</span><span class="s">"Source Title"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Source Title<span class="nt">&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/footer&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/blockquote&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<div class="bd-example">
<blockquote class="blockquote text-right">
<p class="mb-0">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
<footer class="blockquote-footer">Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
</blockquote>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;blockquote</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"blockquote text-right"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"mb-0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;footer</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"blockquote-footer"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Someone famous in <span class="nt">&lt;cite</span> <span class="na">title=</span><span class="s">"Source Title"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Source Title<span class="nt">&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/footer&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/blockquote&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="lists">Lists</h2>
<h3 id="unstyled">Unstyled</h3>
<p>Remove the default <code class="highlighter-rouge">list-style</code> and left margin on list items (immediate children only). <strong>This only applies to immediate children list items</strong>, meaning you will need to add the class for any nested lists as well.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</li>
<li>Consectetur adipiscing elit</li>
<li>Integer molestie lorem at massa</li>
<li>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet</li>
<li>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
<ul>
<li>Phasellus iaculis neque</li>
<li>Purus sodales ultricies</li>
<li>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem</li>
<li>Ac tristique libero volutpat at</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel</li>
<li>Aenean sit amet erat nunc</li>
<li>Eget porttitor lorem</li>
</ul>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;ul</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"list-unstyled"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Consectetur adipiscing elit<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Integer molestie lorem at massa<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
<span class="nt">&lt;ul&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Phasellus iaculis neque<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Purus sodales ultricies<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Ac tristique libero volutpat at<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/ul&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Aenean sit amet erat nunc<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li&gt;</span>Eget porttitor lorem<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/ul&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="inline">Inline</h3>
<p>Remove a lists bullets and apply some light <code class="highlighter-rouge">margin</code> with a combination of two classes, <code class="highlighter-rouge">.list-inline</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">.list-inline-item</code>.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item">Lorem ipsum</li>
<li class="list-inline-item">Phasellus iaculis</li>
<li class="list-inline-item">Nulla volutpat</li>
</ul>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;ul</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"list-inline"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"list-inline-item"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Lorem ipsum<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"list-inline-item"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Phasellus iaculis<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;li</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"list-inline-item"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Nulla volutpat<span class="nt">&lt;/li&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/ul&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h3 id="description-list-alignment">Description list alignment</h3>
<p>Align terms and descriptions horizontally by using our grid systems predefined classes (or semantic mixins). For longer terms, you can optionally add a <code class="highlighter-rouge">.text-truncate</code> class to truncate the text with an ellipsis.</p>
<div class="bd-example">
<dl class="row">
<dt class="col-sm-3">Description lists</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Euismod</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">
<p>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.</p>
<p>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Malesuada porta</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3 text-truncate">Truncated term is truncated</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.</dd>
<dt class="col-sm-3">Nesting</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-9">
<dl class="row">
<dt class="col-sm-4">Nested definition list</dt>
<dd class="col-sm-8">Aenean posuere, tortor sed cursus feugiat, nunc augue blandit nunc.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="nt">&lt;dl</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dt</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-3"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Description lists<span class="nt">&lt;/dt&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dd</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-9"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>A description list is perfect for defining terms.<span class="nt">&lt;/dd&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dt</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-3"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Euismod<span class="nt">&lt;/dt&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dd</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-9"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;</span>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem nec elit.<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;p&gt;</span>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.<span class="nt">&lt;/p&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dd&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dt</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-3"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Malesuada porta<span class="nt">&lt;/dt&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dd</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-9"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.<span class="nt">&lt;/dd&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dt</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-3 text-truncate"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Truncated term is truncated<span class="nt">&lt;/dt&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dd</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-9"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa justo sit amet risus.<span class="nt">&lt;/dd&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dt</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-3"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Nesting<span class="nt">&lt;/dt&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dd</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-9"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dl</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"row"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dt</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-4"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Nested definition list<span class="nt">&lt;/dt&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;dd</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"col-sm-8"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Aenean posuere, tortor sed cursus feugiat, nunc augue blandit nunc.<span class="nt">&lt;/dd&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dl&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dd&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/dl&gt;</span></code></pre></figure>
<h2 id="responsive-typography">Responsive typography</h2>
<p><em>Responsive typography</em> refers to scaling text and components by simply adjusting the root elements <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-size</code> within a series of media queries. Bootstrap doesnt do this for you, but its fairly easy to add if you need it.</p>
<p>Heres an example of it in practice. Choose whatever <code class="highlighter-rouge">font-size</code>s and media queries you wish.</p>
<figure class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-scss" data-lang="scss"><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">1rem</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">@include</span> <span class="nd">media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nt">html</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">1</span><span class="mi">.2rem</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">@include</span> <span class="nd">media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">md</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nt">html</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">1</span><span class="mi">.4rem</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">@include</span> <span class="nd">media-breakpoint-up</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lg</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nt">html</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nl">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="m">1</span><span class="mi">.6rem</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></pre></figure>
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