From 95a1b0cc4ecea582bb998c5495085bd4c8ddf9ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: koenr Date: Wed, 8 Oct 2003 21:36:39 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Section 1-5 translated by Koen Roggemans --- lang/nl/docs/install.html | 415 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 415 insertions(+) create mode 100644 lang/nl/docs/install.html diff --git a/lang/nl/docs/install.html b/lang/nl/docs/install.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..321c0b7e6c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/lang/nl/docs/install.html @@ -0,0 +1,415 @@ + + +Moodle Documentatie: Installatie + + + + + + + +

Moodle Installeren

+
+

In deze gids vind je hoe je Moodle de eerste keer moet installeren. Soms wordt er in detail getreden +om de grote variëteit aan kleine verschillen tussen verschillende installaties van webservers. Zo lijkt dit +document lang en moeilijk. Laat je er niet door afschrikken - Moodle kan geïnstalleerd worden in enkele minuten!

+

Neem je tijd en werk je door dit document - het zal je later tijd besparen.

+

Sections in this document:

+
    +
  1. Systeemvereisten
    2. +
  2. Download
    3. +
  3. Site structuur
    4. +
  4. Een gegevensmap maken
    5. +
  5. Een databank maken
    6. +
  6. Instellingen van de webserver controleren
    7. +
  7. Config.php bewerken
    8. +
  8. Naar de admin pagina gaan
    9. +
  9. Cron installeren
    10. +
  10. Een nieuw vak maken
    11. +
+

 

+
+

1. Systeemvereisten

+
+

De ontwikkeling van Moodle is gestart in Linux met Apache, MySQL en PHP (soms ook gekend onder de naam +LAMP platform), maar is ook grondig getest met PostgreSQL en op Windows XP, Mac OS X en Netware 6 besturingssystemen

+

De systeemvereisten zijn de volgende:

+
    +
  1. Web server software. Meest gebruikt is Apache, + maar Moodle zou ook goed moeten werken op gelijk welke webserver met ondersteuning voor PHP, zoals + IIS op Windows platforms.
    2. +
  2. PHP scripting taal (version 4.1.0 + or later), met volgende instellingen: +
      +
    • GD library + ingeschakeld, met ondersteuning voo JPG en PNG bestandsindeling
      • +
    • zlib library ingeschakeld (als je backup/restore op Windows wil gebruiken)
      • +
    • Sessions support ingeschakeld
      • +
    • Bestanden uploaden ingeschakeld
      • +
    • Safe Mode moet uitgeschakeld worden (raadpleeg de forums op moodle.org voor problemen + veroorzaakt door Safe Mode)
      • +
    +
    3. +
  3. een werkende databank server: MySQL + of PostgreSQL zijn volledig ondersteund en aangeraden + voor het gebruik met Moodle 1.1. Alle andere databanken zullen volledig ondersteund worden in de volgende versie.
    4. +
+

De meeste web hosts ondesteunen dit allemaal standaard. Als je ingetekend hebt bij een van de weinige + webhosts die deze mogelijkheden niet ondersteunen, vraag hen dan waarom en overweeg om te verhuizen. +

Als je Moodle op je eigen computer wil laten lopen en dit lijkt je allemaal wat moeilijk, raadpleeg dan onze + gids: Installing + Apache, MySQL and PHP. Die geeft stap voor stap informatie om dit te installeren op de meest gebruikte platforms.

+

 

+
+

2. Download

+
+

Er zijn twee manieren om Moodle te bekomen. als gecomprimeerd pakket en via CVS. Dit staat in detail uitgelegd + op de downloadpagina: http://moodle.org/download/

+

Na het downloaden en het uitpakken van het gecomprimeerd bestand of na het uitchecken uit CVS, krijg je een + map "moodle", die een hele reeks bestanden en mappen bevat.

+

Je kan de hele map in de documentenmap van je webserver kopiëren; in dat geval zal je site te vinden zijn via + http://jouwdomein.com/moodle of je kan heel de inhoud van die map recht in de documentenmap van je webserver + zetten, zodat je site gewoon http://jouwdomein.com zal zijn.

+
+

 

+

3. Site structuur

+
+

Een kort overzicht van de inhoud van de Moodle map, om je te helpen oriënteren

+
+

config.php - het ENIGE bestand dat bewerkt moet worden voor je kunt starten
+ version.php - geeft de huidige versie van de Moodle programmatuur
+ index.php - de startpagina van de site

+
    +
  • admin/ - code om de server te beheren
    • +
  • auth/ - modules om gebruikers te authenticeren
    • +
  • course/ - code om de vakken te tonen en te beheren
    • +
  • doc/ - help documentatie voor Moodle (bijvoorbeeld deze pagina)
    • +
  • files/ - code om geüploade pagina's te tonen
    • +
  • lang/ - teksten in verschillende talen, een map per taal
    • +
  • lib/ - bibliotheken met de kern van de Moodle code
    • +
  • login/ - code voor aanmelding en accountaanmaak
    • +
  • mod/ - alle vakmodules van Moodle
    • +
  • pix/ - stanaard afbeeldingen voor de site
    • +
  • theme/ - thema pakketten/skins om het uiterlijk van de site te wijzigen.
    • +
  • user/ - code gebuikers te tonen en te beheren
    • +
+

 

+
+
+

4. Een gegevensmap maken

+
+

Moodle zal wat ruimte op je harde schijf nodig hebben om geüploade bestanden te bewaren, zoals vak bestanden + en foto's van de gebruikers.

+

Maak ergens een map voor dit doel. Voor de veiligheid is het best dat deze map NIET rechtstreeks te bereiken + is via het web. De gemakkelijkste manier om dit te doen is door ze gewoon BUITEN de webmap te zetten. Anders + kun je de map ook beschermen door een bestandje te maken dat je .htaccess noemt en in die map plaatst. In dat + bestandje zet je volgende lijn +

+ + 
deny from all
+
+

Om er zeker van te zijn dat Moodle bestanden kan uploaden naar deze map, kijk je best na of de webserver + (bijvoorbeeld Apache) het recht heeft om te schrijven in deze map. Voor Unixmachines betekent dit de instellingen + voor de eigenaar van de map op "nobody&quaot; of "apache" zetten.

+

Op veel gedeelde hostinservers zul je waarschijnlijk alle bestandstoegang moeten beperken tot jouw groep + (om te verhinderen dat andere klanten van je host je bestanden kunnen komen bekijken en wijzigen), maar volledig + lezen en schrijvenrecht geven alle anderen (wat de webserver zal toelaten tot jouw bestanden) Spreek er over met + de beheerder van je server als je problemen hebt met dit veilig in te stellen.

+
+

 

+

5. Een databank maken

+
+

Je moet een lega databank maken (bv "moodle") in je databanksysteem + samen met een speciale gebruiker (bv "moodleuser") die toegang heeft tot die databank + (en alleen die databank). Je kunt ook de "root" gebruiker nemen als je wil, maar dit is niet aan te raden + voor een productiesysteem: als hackers je wachtwoord kraken, dan is je hele databanksysteem in gevaar, anders + slechts één databank +

+

Voorbeeldcode voor MySQL:

+ 
+   # mysql -u root -p
+   > CREATE DATABASE moodle; 
+   > GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP,INDEX,ALTER ON moodle.* 
+           TO moodleuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword'; 
+   > quit 
+   # mysqladmin -p reload
+
+

Voorbeeldcode voor PostgreSQL:

+ 
+   # su - postgres
+   > psql -c "create user moodleuser createdb;" template1
+   > psql -c "create database moodle;" -U moodleuser template1
+   > psql -c "alter user moodleuser nocreatedb;" template1
+
+

(Voor MySQL raad ik ten zeerste phpMyAdmin + aan voor het beheer van je databank - Je kunt dit dan allemaal doen via een webinterface).

+

Vanaf versie 1.0.8 ondersteunt Moodle tabelprefixen, zodat je veilig een databank kun delen met tabellen + van andere applicaties

+
+

 

+

6. Instellingen van de webserver controleren

+ + + + + +
+

Firstly, make sure that your web server is set up to use index.php as a default + page (perhaps in addition to index.html, default.htm and so on).

+

In Apache, this is done using a DirectoryIndex parameter in your httpd.conf + file. Mine usually looks like this:

+
+ 
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
+
+

Just make sure index.php is in the list (and preferably towards the start + of the list, for efficiency).

+

Secondly, if you are using Apache 2, then you should turn on the AcceptPathInfo + variable, which allows scripts to be passed arguments like http://server/file.php/arg1/arg2. + This is essential to allow relative links between your resources, and also + provides a performance boost for people using your Moodle web site. You can + turn this on by adding these lines to your httpd.conf file.

+
+ 
AcceptPathInfo on
+
+

Thirdly, Moodle requires a number of PHP settings to be active for it to + work. On most servers these will already be the default settings. + However, some PHP servers (and some of the more recent PHP versions) may + have things set differently. These are defined in PHP's configuration + file (usually called php.ini):

+
+ + 
magic_quotes_gpc = 1    (preferred but not necessary)
+magic_quotes_runtime = 0    (necessary)
+file_uploads = 1
+session.auto_start = 0
+session.bug_compat_warn = 0
+
+
+

If you don't have access to httpd.conf or php.ini on your server, or you + have Moodle on a server with other applications that require different settings, + then don't worry, you can still OVERRIDE all of the default settings. +

To do this, you need to create a file called .htaccess in Moodle's + main directory that contains definitions for these settings. + This only works on Apache servers and only when Overrides have been allowed. + +

+ 
+DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
+
+<IfDefine APACHE2>
+     AcceptPathInfo on
+</IfDefine>
+
+php_flag magic_quotes_gpc 1
+php_flag magic_quotes_runtime 0
+php_flag file_uploads 1
+php_flag session.auto_start 0
+php_flag session.bug_compat_warn 0
+
+

You can also do things like define the maximum size for uploaded files: + +

+ 
+LimitRequestBody 0
+php_value upload_max_filesize 2M
+php_value post_max_size 2M
+
+
+

The easiest thing to do is just copy the sample file from lib/htaccess + and edit it to suit your needs. It contains further instructions. For + example, in a Unix shell: +

+ 
cp lib/htaccess .htaccess
+
+
+

 

+

7. Edit config.php

+
+

Now you can edit the configuration file, config.php, using a + text editor. This file is used by all other files in Moodle.

+

To start with, make a copy of config-dist.php and name it + config.php. We do this so that your config.php won't be overwritten in case + you upgrade Moodle later on.

+

Edit config.php to specify the database details that you + just defined (including a table prefix - notice that this is REQUIRED for + PostgreSQL), as well as the site address, file system directory and data directory. + The config file itself has detailed directions and examples.

+

Once you have done this the rest of the installation is via a web interface. + For the rest of this installation document we will assume your site is at: + http://example.com/moodle

+
+

 

+

8. Go to the admin page

+
+

The admin page should now be working at: http://example.com/moodle/admin. + If you try and access the front page of your site you'll be taken there automatically + anyway. The first time you access this admin page, you will be presented with + a GPL "shrinkwrap" agreement with which you must agree before you + can continue with the setup.

+

(Moodle will also try to set some cookies in your browser. If you have your + browser set up to let you choose to accept cookies, then you must accept + the Moodle cookies, or Moodle won't work properly.) +

Now Moodle will start setting up your database and creating tables to store + data. Firstly, the main database tables are created. You should see a number + of SQL statements followed by status messages (in green or red) that look + like this:

+
+

CREATE TABLE course ( id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, category + int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', password varchar(50) NOT NULL default + '', fullname varchar(254) NOT NULL default '', shortname varchar(15) NOT + NULL default '', summary text NOT NULL, format tinyint(4) NOT NULL default + '1', teacher varchar(100) NOT NULL default 'Teacher', startdate int(10) + unsigned NOT NULL default '0', enddate int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default + '0', timemodified int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', PRIMARY KEY (id)) + TYPE=MyISAM

+

SUCCESS

+

...and so on, followed by: Main databases set up + successfully.

+
+

If you don't see these, then there must have been some problem with the database + or the configuration settings you defined in config.php. Check that PHP isn't + in a restricted "Safe Mode" (commercial web hosts sometimes have safe mode + turned on). You can check PHP variables by creating a little file containing + <? phpinfo() ?> and looking at it through a browser. Check all these and + try this page again.

+

Scroll down the very bottom of the page and press the "Continue" + link.

+

Next you will see a similar page that sets up all the tables required by + each Moodle module. As before, they should all be green.

+

Scroll down the very bottom of the page and press the "Continue" + link.

+

You should now see a form where you can define more configuration variables + for your installation, such as the default language, SMTP hosts and so on. + Don't worry too much about getting everything right just now - you can always + come back and edit these later on using the admin interface. Scroll down to + the bottom and click "Save changes".

+

If (and only if) you find yourself getting stuck on this page, unable to + continue, then your server probably has what I call the "buggy referrer" problem. + This is easy to fix: just turn off the "secureforms" setting, then + try to continue again.

+

The next page is a form where you can define parameters for your Moodle site + and the front page, such as the name, format, description and so on. Fill + this out (you can always come back and change these later) and then press + "Save changes".

+

Finally, you will then be asked to create a top-level administration user + for future access to the admin pages. Fill out the details with your own name, + email etc and then click "Save changes". Not all the fields are + required, but if you miss any important fields you'll be re-prompted for them. +

+
+
+
+
+
+

Make sure you remember the username and password you chose + for the administration user account, as they will be necessary to + access the administration page in future.

+
+
+
+
+
+

(If for any reason your install is interrupted, or there is a system error + of some kind that prevents you from logging in using the admin account, you + can usually log in using the default username of "admin", + with password "admin".)

+

Once successful, you will be returned to home page of your site. Note the + administration links that appear down the left hand side of the page (these + items also appear on a separate Admin page) - these items are only visible + to you because you are logged in as the admin user. All your further administration + of Moodle can now be done using this menu, such as:

+ +
+

 

+

9. Set up cron

+
+

Some of Moodle's modules require continual checks to perform tasks. For example, + Moodle needs to check the discussion forums so it can mail out copies of posts + to people who have subscribed.

+

The script that does all this is located in the admin directory, and is called + cron.php. However, it can not run itself, so you need to set up a mechanism + where this script is run regularly (eg every five or ten minutes). This provides + a "heartbeat" so that the script can perform functions at periods + defined by each module.

+

Note that the machine performing the cron does not need to be the same + machine that is running Moodle. For example, if you have a limited web + hosting service that does not have cron, then you can might choose to run + cron on another server or on your home computer. All that matters is that + the cron.php file is called regularly.

+

The load of this script is not very high, so 5 minutes is usually reasonable, + but if you're worried about it you can reduce the time period to something + like 15 minutes or even 30 minutes. It's best not to make the time period + too long, as delaying mail-outs can slow down activity within the course.

+

First, test that the script works by running it directly from your browser:

+
+ 
http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php
+
+

Now, you need to set up some of way of running the script automatically and + regularly.

+

Running the script from a command line

+

You can call the page from the command line just as you did in the example + above. For example, you can use a Unix utility like 'wget':

+
+ 
wget -q -O /dev/null http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php
+
+

Note in this example that the output is thrown away (to /dev/null).

+

The same thing using lynx:

+
+ 
lynx -dump http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php > /dev/null
+
+

Alternatively you could use a standalone version of PHP, compiled to be run + on the command line. The advantage with doing this is that your web server + logs aren't filled with constant requests to cron.php. The disadvantage is + that you need to have access to a command-line version of php.

+
+ 
/opt/bin/php /web/moodle/admin/cron.php
+
+
+(Windows) C:\apache\php\php.exe C:\apache\htdocs\moodle\admin\cron.php
+
+
+
+

Automatically running the script every 5 minutes

+

On Unix systems: Use cron. Edit your cron settings from the commandline + using "crontab -e" and add a line like:

+
+ 
*/5 * * * * wget -q -O /dev/null http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php
+
+

Usually, the "crontab" command will put you into the 'vi' editor. You enter + "insert mode" by pressing "i", then type in the line as above, then exit insert mode by + pressing ESC. You save and exit by typing ":wq", or quit with saving using ":q!" (without the quotes).

+

On Windows systems: The simplest way is to use this little package moodle-cron-for-windows.zip + which makes this whole thing very easy. You can also explore using the built-in + Windows feature for "Scheduled Tasks".

+

On web hosts: Your web-based control panel may have a web page that allows + you to set up this cron process. Ask your administrator for details on how + it works.

+

+
+

10. Create a new course

+
+

Now that Moodle is running properly, you can create a course.

+

Select "Create a new course" from the Admin page (or the admin + links on the home page).

+

Fill out the form, paying special attention to the course format. You don't + have to worry about the details too much at this stage, as everything can + be changed later by the teacher.

+

Press "Save changes", and you will be taken to a new form where + you can assign teachers to the course. You can only add existing user accounts + from this form - if you want to create a new teacher account then either ask + the teacher to create one for themselves (see the login page), or create one + for them using the "Add a new user" on the Admin page.

+

Once done, the course is ready to customise, and is accessible via the "Courses" + link on the home page.

+

See the "Teacher Manual" for more details + on course-building.

+
+

 

+

Moodle Documentation

+

Version: $Id$

+