moodle/analytics/classes/manager.php

579 lines
22 KiB
PHP

<?php
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
/**
* Analytics basic actions manager.
*
* @package core_analytics
* @copyright 2017 David Monllao {@link http://www.davidmonllao.com}
* @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
*/
namespace core_analytics;
defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
/**
* Analytics basic actions manager.
*
* @package core_analytics
* @copyright 2017 David Monllao {@link http://www.davidmonllao.com}
* @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
*/
class manager {
/**
* @var \core_analytics\predictor[]
*/
protected static $predictionprocessors = null;
/**
* @var \core_analytics\local\indicator\base[]
*/
protected static $allindicators = null;
/**
* @var \core_analytics\local\time_splitting\base[]
*/
protected static $alltimesplittings = null;
/**
* Checks that the user can manage models
*
* @throws \required_capability_exception
* @return void
*/
public static function check_can_manage_models() {
require_capability('moodle/analytics:managemodels', \context_system::instance());
}
/**
* Checks that the user can list that context insights
*
* @throws \required_capability_exception
* @param \context $context
* @return void
*/
public static function check_can_list_insights(\context $context) {
require_capability('moodle/analytics:listinsights', $context);
}
/**
* Returns all system models that match the provided filters.
*
* @param bool $enabled
* @param bool $trained
* @param \context|false $predictioncontext
* @return \core_analytics\model[]
*/
public static function get_all_models($enabled = false, $trained = false, $predictioncontext = false) {
global $DB;
$params = array();
$sql = "SELECT am.* FROM {analytics_models} am";
if ($enabled || $trained || $predictioncontext) {
$conditions = [];
if ($enabled) {
$conditions[] = 'am.enabled = :enabled';
$params['enabled'] = 1;
}
if ($trained) {
$conditions[] = 'am.trained = :trained';
$params['trained'] = 1;
}
if ($predictioncontext) {
$conditions[] = "EXISTS (SELECT 'x' FROM {analytics_predictions} ap WHERE ap.modelid = am.id AND ap.contextid = :contextid)";
$params['contextid'] = $predictioncontext->id;
}
$sql .= ' WHERE ' . implode(' AND ', $conditions);
}
$sql .= ' ORDER BY am.enabled DESC, am.timemodified DESC';
$modelobjs = $DB->get_records_sql($sql, $params);
$models = array();
foreach ($modelobjs as $modelobj) {
$model = new \core_analytics\model($modelobj);
if ($model->is_available()) {
$models[$modelobj->id] = $model;
}
}
return $models;
}
/**
* Returns the site selected predictions processor.
*
* @param string $predictionclass
* @param bool $checkisready
* @return \core_analytics\predictor
*/
public static function get_predictions_processor($predictionclass = false, $checkisready = true) {
// We want 0 or 1 so we can use it as an array key for caching.
$checkisready = intval($checkisready);
if ($predictionclass === false) {
$predictionclass = get_config('analytics', 'predictionsprocessor');
}
if (empty($predictionclass)) {
// Use the default one if nothing set.
$predictionclass = '\mlbackend_php\processor';
}
if (!class_exists($predictionclass)) {
throw new \coding_exception('Invalid predictions processor ' . $predictionclass . '.');
}
$interfaces = class_implements($predictionclass);
if (empty($interfaces['core_analytics\predictor'])) {
throw new \coding_exception($predictionclass . ' should implement \core_analytics\predictor.');
}
// Return it from the cached list.
if (!isset(self::$predictionprocessors[$checkisready][$predictionclass])) {
$instance = new $predictionclass();
if ($checkisready) {
$isready = $instance->is_ready();
if ($isready !== true) {
throw new \moodle_exception('errorprocessornotready', 'analytics', '', $isready);
}
}
self::$predictionprocessors[$checkisready][$predictionclass] = $instance;
}
return self::$predictionprocessors[$checkisready][$predictionclass];
}
/**
* Return all system predictions processors.
*
* @return \core_analytics\predictor[]
*/
public static function get_all_prediction_processors() {
$mlbackends = \core_component::get_plugin_list('mlbackend');
$predictionprocessors = array();
foreach ($mlbackends as $mlbackend => $unused) {
$classfullpath = '\mlbackend_' . $mlbackend . '\processor';
$predictionprocessors[$classfullpath] = self::get_predictions_processor($classfullpath, false);
}
return $predictionprocessors;
}
/**
* Get all available time splitting methods.
*
* @return \core_analytics\local\time_splitting\base[]
*/
public static function get_all_time_splittings() {
if (self::$alltimesplittings !== null) {
return self::$alltimesplittings;
}
$classes = self::get_analytics_classes('time_splitting');
self::$alltimesplittings = [];
foreach ($classes as $fullclassname => $classpath) {
$instance = self::get_time_splitting($fullclassname);
// We need to check that it is a valid time splitting method, it may be an abstract class.
if ($instance) {
self::$alltimesplittings[$instance->get_id()] = $instance;
}
}
return self::$alltimesplittings;
}
/**
* Returns the enabled time splitting methods.
*
* @return \core_analytics\local\time_splitting\base[]
*/
public static function get_enabled_time_splitting_methods() {
if ($enabledtimesplittings = get_config('analytics', 'timesplittings')) {
$enabledtimesplittings = array_flip(explode(',', $enabledtimesplittings));
}
$timesplittings = self::get_all_time_splittings();
foreach ($timesplittings as $key => $timesplitting) {
// We remove the ones that are not enabled. This also respects the default value (all methods enabled).
if (!empty($enabledtimesplittings) && !isset($enabledtimesplittings[$key])) {
unset($timesplittings[$key]);
}
}
return $timesplittings;
}
/**
* Returns a time splitting method by its classname.
*
* @param string $fullclassname
* @return \core_analytics\local\time_splitting\base|false False if it is not valid.
*/
public static function get_time_splitting($fullclassname) {
if (!self::is_valid($fullclassname, '\core_analytics\local\time_splitting\base')) {
return false;
}
return new $fullclassname();
}
/**
* Return all system indicators.
*
* @return \core_analytics\local\indicator\base[]
*/
public static function get_all_indicators() {
if (self::$allindicators !== null) {
return self::$allindicators;
}
$classes = self::get_analytics_classes('indicator');
self::$allindicators = [];
foreach ($classes as $fullclassname => $classpath) {
$instance = self::get_indicator($fullclassname);
if ($instance) {
// Using get_class as get_component_classes_in_namespace returns double escaped fully qualified class names.
self::$allindicators[$instance->get_id()] = $instance;
}
}
return self::$allindicators;
}
/**
* Returns the specified target
*
* @param mixed $fullclassname
* @return \core_analytics\local\target\base|false False if it is not valid
*/
public static function get_target($fullclassname) {
if (!self::is_valid($fullclassname, 'core_analytics\local\target\base')) {
return false;
}
return new $fullclassname();
}
/**
* Returns an instance of the provided indicator.
*
* @param string $fullclassname
* @return \core_analytics\local\indicator\base|false False if it is not valid.
*/
public static function get_indicator($fullclassname) {
if (!self::is_valid($fullclassname, 'core_analytics\local\indicator\base')) {
return false;
}
return new $fullclassname();
}
/**
* Returns whether a time splitting method is valid or not.
*
* @param string $fullclassname
* @param string $baseclass
* @return bool
*/
public static function is_valid($fullclassname, $baseclass) {
if (is_subclass_of($fullclassname, $baseclass)) {
if ((new \ReflectionClass($fullclassname))->isInstantiable()) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Returns the logstore used for analytics.
*
* @return \core\log\sql_reader|false False if no log stores are enabled.
*/
public static function get_analytics_logstore() {
$readers = get_log_manager()->get_readers('core\log\sql_reader');
$analyticsstore = get_config('analytics', 'logstore');
if (!empty($analyticsstore) && !empty($readers[$analyticsstore])) {
$logstore = $readers[$analyticsstore];
} else if (empty($analyticsstore) && !empty($readers)) {
// The first one, it is the same default than in settings.
$logstore = reset($readers);
} else if (!empty($readers)) {
$logstore = reset($readers);
debugging('The selected log store for analytics is not available anymore. Using "' .
$logstore->get_name() . '"', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
}
if (empty($logstore)) {
debugging('No system log stores available to use for analytics', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
return false;
}
if (!$logstore->is_logging()) {
debugging('The selected log store for analytics "' . $logstore->get_name() .
'" is not logging activity logs', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
}
return $logstore;
}
/**
* Returns this analysable calculations during the provided period.
*
* @param \core_analytics\analysable $analysable
* @param int $starttime
* @param int $endtime
* @param string $samplesorigin The samples origin as sampleid is not unique across models.
* @return array
*/
public static function get_indicator_calculations($analysable, $starttime, $endtime, $samplesorigin) {
global $DB;
$params = array('starttime' => $starttime, 'endtime' => $endtime, 'contextid' => $analysable->get_context()->id,
'sampleorigin' => $samplesorigin);
$calculations = $DB->get_recordset('analytics_indicator_calc', $params, '', 'indicator, sampleid, value');
$existingcalculations = array();
foreach ($calculations as $calculation) {
if (empty($existingcalculations[$calculation->indicator])) {
$existingcalculations[$calculation->indicator] = array();
}
$existingcalculations[$calculation->indicator][$calculation->sampleid] = $calculation->value;
}
return $existingcalculations;
}
/**
* Returns the models with insights at the provided context.
*
* @param \context $context
* @return \core_analytics\model[]
*/
public static function get_models_with_insights(\context $context) {
self::check_can_list_insights($context);
$models = self::get_all_models(true, true, $context);
foreach ($models as $key => $model) {
// Check that it not only have predictions but also generates insights from them.
if (!$model->uses_insights()) {
unset($models[$key]);
}
}
return $models;
}
/**
* Returns a prediction
*
* @param int $predictionid
* @param bool $requirelogin
* @return array array($model, $prediction, $context)
*/
public static function get_prediction($predictionid, $requirelogin = false) {
global $DB;
if (!$predictionobj = $DB->get_record('analytics_predictions', array('id' => $predictionid))) {
throw new \moodle_exception('errorpredictionnotfound', 'analytics');
}
$context = \context::instance_by_id($predictionobj->contextid, IGNORE_MISSING);
if (!$context) {
throw new \moodle_exception('errorpredictioncontextnotavailable', 'analytics');
}
if ($requirelogin) {
list($context, $course, $cm) = get_context_info_array($predictionobj->contextid);
require_login($course, false, $cm);
}
self::check_can_list_insights($context);
$model = new \core_analytics\model($predictionobj->modelid);
$sampledata = $model->prediction_sample_data($predictionobj);
$prediction = new \core_analytics\prediction($predictionobj, $sampledata);
return array($model, $prediction, $context);
}
/**
* Adds the models included with moodle core to the system.
*
* @return void
*/
public static function add_builtin_models() {
$target = self::get_target('\core\analytics\target\course_dropout');
// Community of inquiry indicators.
$coiindicators = array(
'\mod_assign\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_assign\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_book\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_book\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_chat\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_chat\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_choice\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_choice\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_data\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_data\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_feedback\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_feedback\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_folder\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_folder\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_forum\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_forum\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_glossary\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_glossary\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_imscp\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_imscp\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_label\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_label\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_lesson\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_lesson\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_lti\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_lti\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_page\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_page\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_quiz\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_quiz\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_resource\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_resource\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_scorm\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_scorm\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_survey\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_survey\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_url\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_url\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_wiki\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_wiki\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\mod_workshop\analytics\indicator\cognitive_depth',
'\mod_workshop\analytics\indicator\social_breadth',
'\core_course\analytics\indicator\completion_enabled',
'\core_course\analytics\indicator\potential_cognitive_depth',
'\core_course\analytics\indicator\potential_social_breadth',
'\core\analytics\indicator\any_access_after_end',
'\core\analytics\indicator\any_access_before_start',
'\core\analytics\indicator\any_write_action_in_course',
'\core\analytics\indicator\read_actions',
);
$indicators = array();
foreach ($coiindicators as $coiindicator) {
$indicator = self::get_indicator($coiindicator);
$indicators[$indicator->get_id()] = $indicator;
}
if (!\core_analytics\model::exists($target, $indicators)) {
$model = \core_analytics\model::create($target, $indicators);
}
// No teaching model.
$target = self::get_target('\core\analytics\target\no_teaching');
$timesplittingmethod = '\core\analytics\time_splitting\single_range';
$noteacher = self::get_indicator('\core_course\analytics\indicator\no_teacher');
$nostudent = self::get_indicator('\core_course\analytics\indicator\no_student');
$indicators = array($noteacher->get_id() => $noteacher, $nostudent->get_id() => $nostudent);
if (!\core_analytics\model::exists($target, $indicators)) {
\core_analytics\model::create($target, $indicators, $timesplittingmethod);
}
}
/**
* Cleans up analytics db tables that do not directly depend on analysables that may have been deleted.
*/
public static function cleanup() {
global $DB;
// Clean up stuff that depends on contexts that do not exist anymore.
$sql = "SELECT DISTINCT ap.contextid FROM {analytics_predictions} ap
LEFT JOIN {context} ctx ON ap.contextid = ctx.id
WHERE ctx.id IS NULL";
$apcontexts = $DB->get_records_sql($sql);
$sql = "SELECT DISTINCT aic.contextid FROM {analytics_indicator_calc} aic
LEFT JOIN {context} ctx ON aic.contextid = ctx.id
WHERE ctx.id IS NULL";
$indcalccontexts = $DB->get_records_sql($sql);
$contexts = $apcontexts + $indcalccontexts;
if ($contexts) {
list($sql, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal(array_keys($contexts));
$DB->execute("DELETE FROM {analytics_prediction_actions} WHERE predictionid IN
(SELECT ap.id FROM {analytics_predictions} ap WHERE ap.contextid $sql)", $params);
$DB->delete_records_select('analytics_predictions', "contextid $sql", $params);
$DB->delete_records_select('analytics_indicator_calc', "contextid $sql", $params);
}
// Clean up stuff that depends on analysable ids that do not exist anymore.
$models = self::get_all_models();
foreach ($models as $model) {
$analyser = $model->get_analyser(array('notimesplitting' => true));
$analysables = $analyser->get_analysables();
if (!$analysables) {
continue;
}
$analysableids = array_map(function($analysable) {
return $analysable->get_id();
}, $analysables);
list($notinsql, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($analysableids, SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'param', false);
$params['modelid'] = $model->get_id();
$DB->delete_records_select('analytics_predict_samples', "modelid = :modelid AND analysableid $notinsql", $params);
$DB->delete_records_select('analytics_train_samples', "modelid = :modelid AND analysableid $notinsql", $params);
}
}
/**
* Returns the provided element classes in the site.
*
* @param string $element
* @return string[] Array keys are the FQCN and the values the class path.
*/
private static function get_analytics_classes($element) {
// Just in case...
$element = clean_param($element, PARAM_ALPHANUMEXT);
// Core analytics classes (analytics subsystem should not contain uses of the analytics API).
$classes = \core_component::get_component_classes_in_namespace('core', 'analytics\\' . $element);
// Plugins.
foreach (\core_component::get_plugin_types() as $type => $unusedplugintypepath) {
foreach (\core_component::get_plugin_list($type) as $pluginname => $unusedpluginpath) {
$frankenstyle = $type . '_' . $pluginname;
$classes += \core_component::get_component_classes_in_namespace($frankenstyle, 'analytics\\' . $element);
}
}
// Core subsystems.
foreach (\core_component::get_core_subsystems() as $subsystemname => $unusedsubsystempath) {
$componentname = 'core_' . $subsystemname;
$classes += \core_component::get_component_classes_in_namespace($componentname, 'analytics\\' . $element);
}
return $classes;
}
}