moodle/mod/quiz/locallib.php
tjhunt 44d1cba4af quiz: MDL-18635 log every single hit to mod/quiz/attempts.php
I don't know why the quiz only logged every 10 minutes. No other part of Moodle worked like that. However, it has always been like that and I did not have a good reason to change it until now.

What was a problem becuase it made it harder to catch people doing a primitive DOS attack against the server by hitting Reload repeatedly.
2009-03-23 01:59:30 +00:00

1278 lines
46 KiB
PHP

<?php // $Id$
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// //
// NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT //
// //
// Moodle - Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment //
// http://moodle.org //
// //
// Copyright (C) 1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas http://dougiamas.com //
// //
// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify //
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by //
// the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or //
// (at your option) any later version. //
// //
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, //
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of //
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the //
// GNU General Public License for more details: //
// //
// http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html //
// //
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Library of functions used by the quiz module.
*
* This contains functions that are called from within the quiz module only
* Functions that are also called by core Moodle are in {@link lib.php}
* This script also loads the code in {@link questionlib.php} which holds
* the module-indpendent code for handling questions and which in turn
* initialises all the questiontype classes.
*
* @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU Public License
* @package quiz
*/
if (!defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL')) {
die('Direct access to this script is forbidden.'); /// It must be included from a Moodle page.
}
/**
* Include those library functions that are also used by core Moodle or other modules
*/
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/mod/quiz/lib.php');
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/mod/quiz/accessrules.php');
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/mod/quiz/attemptlib.php');
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/question/editlib.php');
require_once($CFG->libdir . '/eventslib.php');
/// Constants ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**#@+
* Constants to describe the various states a quiz attempt can be in.
*/
define('QUIZ_STATE_DURING', 'during');
define('QUIZ_STATE_IMMEDIATELY', 'immedately');
define('QUIZ_STATE_OPEN', 'open');
define('QUIZ_STATE_CLOSED', 'closed');
define('QUIZ_STATE_TEACHERACCESS', 'teacheraccess'); // State only relevant if you are in a studenty role.
/**#@-*/
/**
* We show the countdown timer if there is less than this amount of time left before the
* the quiz close date. (1 hour)
*/
define('QUIZ_SHOW_TIME_BEFORE_DEADLINE', '3600');
/// Functions related to attempts /////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Creates an object to represent a new attempt at a quiz
*
* Creates an attempt object to represent an attempt at the quiz by the current
* user starting at the current time. The ->id field is not set. The object is
* NOT written to the database.
*
* @param object $quiz the quiz to create an attempt for.
* @param integer $attemptnumber the sequence number for the attempt.
* @param object $lastattempt the previous attempt by this user, if any. Only needed
* if $attemptnumber > 1 and $quiz->attemptonlast is true.
* @param integer $timenow the time the attempt was started at.
* @param boolean $ispreview whether this new attempt is a preview.
*
* @return object the newly created attempt object.
*/
function quiz_create_attempt($quiz, $attemptnumber, $lastattempt, $timenow, $ispreview = false) {
global $USER;
if ($attemptnumber == 1 || !$quiz->attemptonlast) {
/// We are not building on last attempt so create a new attempt.
$attempt = new stdClass;
$attempt->quiz = $quiz->id;
$attempt->userid = $USER->id;
$attempt->preview = 0;
if ($quiz->shufflequestions) {
$attempt->layout = quiz_clean_layout(quiz_repaginate($quiz->questions, $quiz->questionsperpage, true),true);
} else {
$attempt->layout = quiz_clean_layout($quiz->questions,true);
}
} else {
/// Build on last attempt.
if (empty($lastattempt)) {
print_error('cannotfindprevattempt', 'quiz');
}
$attempt = $lastattempt;
}
$attempt->attempt = $attemptnumber;
$attempt->sumgrades = 0.0;
$attempt->timestart = $timenow;
$attempt->timefinish = 0;
$attempt->timemodified = $timenow;
$attempt->uniqueid = question_new_attempt_uniqueid();
/// If this is a preview, mark it as such.
if ($ispreview) {
$attempt->preview = 1;
}
return $attempt;
}
/**
* Returns the unfinished attempt for the given
* user on the given quiz, if there is one.
*
* @param integer $quizid the id of the quiz.
* @param integer $userid the id of the user.
*
* @return mixed the unfinished attempt if there is one, false if not.
*/
function quiz_get_user_attempt_unfinished($quizid, $userid) {
$attempts = quiz_get_user_attempts($quizid, $userid, 'unfinished', true);
if ($attempts) {
return array_shift($attempts);
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Returns the most recent attempt by a given user on a given quiz.
* May be finished, or may not.
*
* @param integer $quizid the id of the quiz.
* @param integer $userid the id of the user.
*
* @return mixed the attempt if there is one, false if not.
*/
function quiz_get_latest_attempt_by_user($quizid, $userid) {
global $CFG, $DB;
$attempt = $DB->get_records_sql('SELECT qa.* FROM {quiz_attempts} qa
WHERE qa.quiz=? AND qa.userid= ? ORDER BY qa.timestart DESC, qa.id DESC', array($quizid, $userid), 0, 1);
if ($attempt) {
return array_shift($attempt);
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Load an attempt by id. You need to use this method instead of $DB->get_record, because
* of some ancient history to do with the upgrade from Moodle 1.4 to 1.5, See the comment
* after CREATE TABLE `prefix_quiz_newest_states` in mod/quiz/db/mysql.php.
*
* @param integer $attemptid the id of the attempt to load.
*/
function quiz_load_attempt($attemptid) {
global $DB;
$attempt = $DB->get_record('quiz_attempts', array('id' => $attemptid));
if (!$attempt) {
return false;
}
if (!$DB->record_exists('question_sessions', array('attemptid' => $attempt->uniqueid))) {
/// this attempt has not yet been upgraded to the new model
quiz_upgrade_states($attempt);
}
return $attempt;
}
/**
* Delete a quiz attempt.
* @param mixed $attempt an integer attempt id or an attempt object (row of the quiz_attempts table).
* @param object $quiz the quiz object.
*/
function quiz_delete_attempt($attempt, $quiz) {
global $DB;
if (is_numeric($attempt)) {
if (!$attempt = $DB->get_record('quiz_attempts', array('id' => $attempt))) {
return;
}
}
if ($attempt->quiz != $quiz->id) {
debugging("Trying to delete attempt $attempt->id which belongs to quiz $attempt->quiz " .
"but was passed quiz $quiz->id.");
return;
}
$DB->delete_records('quiz_attempts', array('id' => $attempt->id));
delete_attempt($attempt->uniqueid);
// Search quiz_attempts for other instances by this user.
// If none, then delete record for this quiz, this user from quiz_grades
// else recalculate best grade
$userid = $attempt->userid;
if (!$DB->record_exists('quiz_attempts', array('userid' => $userid, 'quiz' => $quiz->id))) {
$DB->delete_records('quiz_grades', array('userid' => $userid,'quiz' => $quiz->id));
} else {
quiz_save_best_grade($quiz, $userid);
}
quiz_update_grades($quiz, $userid);
}
/**
* Delete all the preview attempts at a quiz, or possibly all the attempts belonging
* to one user.
* @param object $quiz the quiz object.
* @param integer $userid (optional) if given, only delete the previews belonging to this user.
*/
function quiz_delete_previews($quiz, $userid = null) {
global $DB;
$conditions = array('quiz' => $quiz->id, 'preview' => 1);
if (!empty($userid)) {
$conditions['userid'] = $userid;
}
$previewattempts = $DB->get_records('quiz_attempts', $conditions);
foreach ($previewattempts as $attempt) {
quiz_delete_attempt($attempt, $quiz);
}
}
/**
* @param integer $quizid The quiz id.
* @return boolean whether this quiz has any (non-preview) attempts.
*/
function quiz_has_attempts($quizid) {
global $DB;
return $DB->record_exists('quiz_attempts', array('quiz' => $quizid, 'preview' => 0));
}
/// Functions to do with quiz layout and pages ////////////////////////////////
/**
* Returns a comma separated list of question ids for the current page
*
* @param string $layout the string representing the quiz layout. Each page is represented as a
* comma separated list of question ids and 0 indicating page breaks.
* So 5,2,0,3,0 means questions 5 and 2 on page 1 and question 3 on page 2
* @param integer $page the number of the current page.
* @return string comma separated list of question ids
*/
function quiz_questions_on_page($layout, $page) {
$pages = explode(',0', $layout);
return trim($pages[$page], ',');
}
/**
* Returns a comma separated list of question ids for the quiz
*
* @param string $layout The string representing the quiz layout. Each page is
* represented as a comma separated list of question ids and 0 indicating
* page breaks. So 5,2,0,3,0 means questions 5 and 2 on page 1 and question
* 3 on page 2
* @return string comma separated list of question ids, without page breaks.
*/
function quiz_questions_in_quiz($layout) {
$layout = preg_replace('/,(0+,)+/', ',', $layout); // Remove page breaks from the middle.
$layout = preg_replace('/^0+,/', '', $layout); // And from the start.
$layout = preg_replace('/(^|,)0+$/', '', $layout); // And from the end.
return $layout;
}
/**
* Returns the number of pages in a quiz layout
*
* @param string $layout The string representing the quiz layout. Always ends in ,0
* @return integer The number of pages in the quiz.
*/
function quiz_number_of_pages($layout) {
$count = 0;
if ($layout !== '') {
//if the first page is empty, include it, too
if (strcmp($layout[0], '0') === 0) {
$count++;
}
$count += substr_count($layout, ',0');
}
return $count;
}
/**
* Returns the number of questions in the quiz layout
*
* @param string $layout the string representing the quiz layout.
* @return integer The number of questions in the quiz.
*/
function quiz_number_of_questions_in_quiz($layout) {
$layout = quiz_questions_in_quiz($layout);
$count = substr_count($layout, ',');
if ($layout !== '') {
$count++;
}
return $count;
}
/**
* Returns the first question number for the current quiz page
*
* @param string $quizlayout The string representing the layout for the whole quiz
* @param string $pagelayout The string representing the layout for the current page
* @return integer the number of the first question
*/
function quiz_first_questionnumber($quizlayout, $pagelayout) {
// this works by finding all the questions from the quizlayout that
// come before the current page and then adding up their lengths.
global $CFG, $DB;
$start = strpos($quizlayout, ','.$pagelayout.',')-2;
if ($start > 0) {
$prevlist = substr($quizlayout, 0, $start);
list($usql, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal(explode(',', $prevlist));
return $DB->get_field_sql("SELECT sum(length)+1 FROM {question}
WHERE id $usql", $params);
} else {
return 1;
}
}
/**
* Re-paginates the quiz layout
*
* @param string $layout The string representing the quiz layout.
* @param integer $perpage The number of questions per page
* @param boolean $shuffle Should the questions be reordered randomly?
* @return string the new layout string
*/
function quiz_repaginate($layout, $perpage, $shuffle = false) {
$layout = str_replace(',0', '', $layout); // remove existing page breaks
$questions = explode(',', $layout);
//remove empty pages from beginning
while (reset($questions) == '0') {
array_shift($questions);
}
if ($shuffle) {
shuffle($questions);
}
$i = 1;
$layout = '';
foreach ($questions as $question) {
if ($perpage and $i > $perpage) {
$layout .= '0,';
$i = 1;
}
$layout .= $question.',';
$i++;
}
return $layout.'0';
}
/**
* Print navigation panel for quiz attempt and review pages
*
* @param integer $page The number of the current page (counting from 0).
* @param integer $pages The total number of pages.
*/
function quiz_print_navigation_panel($page, $pages) {
//$page++;
echo '<div class="paging pagingbar">';
echo '<span class="title">' . get_string('page') . ':</span>';
if ($page > 0) {
// Print previous link
$strprev = get_string('previous');
echo '<a href="javascript:navigate(' . ($page - 1) . ');" title="'
. $strprev . '">(' . $strprev . ')</a>';
}
for ($i = 0; $i < $pages; $i++) {
if ($i == $page) {
echo '<span class="thispage">'.($i+1).'</span>';
} else {
echo '<a href="javascript:navigate(' . ($i) . ');">'.($i+1).'</a>';
}
}
if ($page < $pages - 1) {
// Print next link
$strnext = get_string('next');
echo '<a href="javascript:navigate(' . ($page + 1) . ');" title="'
. $strnext . '">(' . $strnext . ')</a>';
}
echo '</div>';
}
/// Functions to do with quiz grades //////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Creates an array of maximum grades for a quiz
* The grades are extracted from the quiz_question_instances table.
*
* @param integer $quiz The quiz object
* @return array Array of grades indexed by question id. These are the maximum
* possible grades that students can achieve for each of the questions.
*/
function quiz_get_all_question_grades($quiz) {
global $CFG, $DB;
$questionlist = quiz_questions_in_quiz($quiz->questions);
if (empty($questionlist)) {
return array();
}
$params = array($quiz->id);
$wheresql = '';
if (!is_null($questionlist)) {
list($usql, $question_params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal(explode(',', $questionlist));
$wheresql = " AND question $usql ";
$params = array_merge($params, $question_params);
}
$instances = $DB->get_records_sql("SELECT question,grade,id
FROM {quiz_question_instances}
WHERE quiz = ? $wheresql", $params);
$list = explode(",", $questionlist);
$grades = array();
foreach ($list as $qid) {
if (isset($instances[$qid])) {
$grades[$qid] = $instances[$qid]->grade;
} else {
$grades[$qid] = 1;
}
}
return $grades;
}
/**
* Update the sumgrades field of the quiz. This needs to be called whenever
* the grading structure of the quiz is changed. For example if a question is
* added or removed, or a question weight is changed.
*
* @param object $quiz a quiz.
*/
function quiz_update_sumgrades($quiz) {
global $DB;
$grades = quiz_get_all_question_grades($quiz);
$sumgrades = 0;
foreach ($grades as $grade) {
$sumgrades += $grade;
}
if (!isset($quiz->sumgrades) || $quiz->sumgrades != $sumgrades) {
$DB->set_field('quiz', 'sumgrades', $sumgrades, array('id' => $quiz->id));
$quiz->sumgrades = $sumgrades;
}
}
/**
* Convert the raw grade stored in $attempt into a grade out of the maximum
* grade for this quiz.
*
* @param float $rawgrade the unadjusted grade, fof example $attempt->sumgrades
* @param object $quiz the quiz object. Only the fields grade, sumgrades, decimalpoints and questiondecimalpoints are used.
* @param mixed $round false = don't round, true = round using quiz_format_grade, 'question' = round using quiz_format_question_grade.
* @return float the rescaled grade.
*/
function quiz_rescale_grade($rawgrade, $quiz, $round = true) {
if ($quiz->sumgrades != 0) {
$grade = $rawgrade * $quiz->grade / $quiz->sumgrades;
if ($round === 'question') { // === really necessary here true == 'question' is true in PHP!
$grade = quiz_format_question_grade($quiz, $grade);
} else if ($round) {
$grade = quiz_format_grade($quiz, $grade);
}
} else {
$grade = 0;
}
return $grade;
}
/**
* Get the feedback text that should be show to a student who
* got this grade on this quiz. The feedback is processed ready for diplay.
*
* @param float $grade a grade on this quiz.
* @param integer $quizid the id of the quiz object.
* @return string the comment that corresponds to this grade (empty string if there is not one.
*/
function quiz_feedback_for_grade($grade, $quizid) {
global $DB;
$feedback = $DB->get_field_select('quiz_feedback', 'feedbacktext',
"quizid = ? AND mingrade <= ? AND $grade < maxgrade", array($quizid, $grade));
if (empty($feedback)) {
$feedback = '';
}
// Clean the text, ready for display.
$formatoptions = new stdClass;
$formatoptions->noclean = true;
$feedback = format_text($feedback, FORMAT_MOODLE, $formatoptions);
return $feedback;
}
/**
* @param integer $quizid the id of the quiz object.
* @return boolean Whether this quiz has any non-blank feedback text.
*/
function quiz_has_feedback($quiz) {
global $DB;
static $cache = array();
if (!array_key_exists($quiz->id, $cache)) {
$cache[$quiz->id] = quiz_has_grades($quiz) &&
$DB->record_exists_select('quiz_feedback', "quizid = ? AND " .
$DB->sql_isnotempty('quiz_feedback', 'feedbacktext', false, true),
array($quiz->id));
}
return $cache[$quiz->id];
}
/**
* The quiz grade is the score that student's results are marked out of. When it
* changes, the corresponding data in quiz_grades and quiz_feedback needs to be
* rescaled.
*
* @param float $newgrade the new maximum grade for the quiz.
* @param object $quiz the quiz we are updating. Passed by reference so its grade field can be updated too.
* @return boolean indicating success or failure.
*/
function quiz_set_grade($newgrade, &$quiz) {
global $DB;
// This is potentially expensive, so only do it if necessary.
if (abs($quiz->grade - $newgrade) < 1e-7) {
// Nothing to do.
return true;
}
// Use a transaction, so that on those databases that support it, this is safer.
$DB->begin_sql();
// Update the quiz table.
$success = $DB->set_field('quiz', 'grade', $newgrade, array('id' => $quiz->instance));
// Rescaling the other data is only possible if the old grade was non-zero.
if ($quiz->grade > 1e-7) {
global $CFG;
$factor = $newgrade/$quiz->grade;
$quiz->grade = $newgrade;
// Update the quiz_grades table.
$timemodified = time();
$success = $success && $DB->execute("
UPDATE {quiz_grades}
SET grade = ? * grade, timemodified = ?
WHERE quiz = ?
", array($factor, $timemodified, $quiz->id));
// Update the quiz_feedback table.
$success = $success && $DB->execute("
UPDATE {quiz_feedback}
SET mingrade = ? * mingrade, maxgrade = ? * maxgrade
WHERE quizid = ?
", array($factor, $factor, $quiz->id));
}
// update grade item and send all grades to gradebook
quiz_grade_item_update($quiz);
quiz_update_grades($quiz);
if ($success) {
return $DB->commit_sql();
} else {
$DB->rollback_sql();
return false;
}
}
/**
* Save the overall grade for a user at a quiz in the quiz_grades table
*
* @param object $quiz The quiz for which the best grade is to be calculated and then saved.
* @param integer $userid The userid to calculate the grade for. Defaults to the current user.
* @param array $attempts The attempts of this user. Useful if you are
* looping through many users. Attempts can be fetched in one master query to
* avoid repeated querying.
* @return boolean Indicates success or failure.
*/
function quiz_save_best_grade($quiz, $userid = null, $attempts = array()) {
global $DB;
global $USER;
if (empty($userid)) {
$userid = $USER->id;
}
if (!$attempts){
// Get all the attempts made by the user
if (!$attempts = quiz_get_user_attempts($quiz->id, $userid)) {
notify('Could not find any user attempts');
return false;
}
}
// Calculate the best grade
$bestgrade = quiz_calculate_best_grade($quiz, $attempts);
$bestgrade = quiz_rescale_grade($bestgrade, $quiz, false);
// Save the best grade in the database
if ($grade = $DB->get_record('quiz_grades', array('quiz' => $quiz->id, 'userid' => $userid))) {
$grade->grade = $bestgrade;
$grade->timemodified = time();
if (!$DB->update_record('quiz_grades', $grade)) {
notify('Could not update best grade');
return false;
}
} else {
$grade->quiz = $quiz->id;
$grade->userid = $userid;
$grade->grade = $bestgrade;
$grade->timemodified = time();
if (!$DB->insert_record('quiz_grades', $grade)) {
notify('Could not insert new best grade');
return false;
}
}
quiz_update_grades($quiz, $userid);
return true;
}
/**
* Calculate the overall grade for a quiz given a number of attempts by a particular user.
*
* @return float The overall grade
* @param object $quiz The quiz for which the best grade is to be calculated
* @param array $attempts An array of all the attempts of the user at the quiz
*/
function quiz_calculate_best_grade($quiz, $attempts) {
switch ($quiz->grademethod) {
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTFIRST:
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
return $attempt->sumgrades;
}
break;
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTLAST:
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
$final = $attempt->sumgrades;
}
return $final;
case QUIZ_GRADEAVERAGE:
$sum = 0;
$count = 0;
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
$sum += $attempt->sumgrades;
$count++;
}
return (float)$sum/$count;
default:
case QUIZ_GRADEHIGHEST:
$max = 0;
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
if ($attempt->sumgrades > $max) {
$max = $attempt->sumgrades;
}
}
return $max;
}
}
/**
* Return the attempt with the best grade for a quiz
*
* Which attempt is the best depends on $quiz->grademethod. If the grade
* method is GRADEAVERAGE then this function simply returns the last attempt.
* @return object The attempt with the best grade
* @param object $quiz The quiz for which the best grade is to be calculated
* @param array $attempts An array of all the attempts of the user at the quiz
*/
function quiz_calculate_best_attempt($quiz, $attempts) {
switch ($quiz->grademethod) {
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTFIRST:
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
return $attempt;
}
break;
case QUIZ_GRADEAVERAGE: // need to do something with it :-)
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTLAST:
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
$final = $attempt;
}
return $final;
default:
case QUIZ_GRADEHIGHEST:
$max = -1;
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
if ($attempt->sumgrades > $max) {
$max = $attempt->sumgrades;
$maxattempt = $attempt;
}
}
return $maxattempt;
}
}
/**
* @param int $option one of the values QUIZ_GRADEHIGHEST, QUIZ_GRADEAVERAGE, QUIZ_ATTEMPTFIRST or QUIZ_ATTEMPTLAST.
* @return the lang string for that option.
*/
function quiz_get_grading_option_name($option) {
$strings = quiz_get_grading_options();
return $strings[$option];
}
/// Other quiz functions ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Parse field names used for the replace options on question edit forms
*/
function quiz_parse_fieldname($name, $nameprefix='question') {
$reg = array();
if (preg_match("/$nameprefix(\\d+)(\w+)/", $name, $reg)) {
return array('mode' => $reg[2], 'id' => (int)$reg[1]);
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Upgrade states for an attempt to Moodle 1.5 model
*
* Any state that does not yet have its timestamp set to nonzero has not yet been upgraded from Moodle 1.4
* The reason these are still around is that for large sites it would have taken too long to
* upgrade all states at once. This function sets the timestamp field and creates an entry in the
* question_sessions table.
* @param object $attempt The attempt whose states need upgrading
*/
function quiz_upgrade_states($attempt) {
global $DB;
global $CFG;
// The old quiz model only allowed a single response per quiz attempt so that there will be
// only one state record per question for this attempt.
// We set the timestamp of all states to the timemodified field of the attempt.
$DB->execute("UPDATE {question_states} SET timestamp = ? WHERE attempt = ?", array($attempt->timemodified, $attempt->uniqueid));
// For each state we create an entry in the question_sessions table, with both newest and
// newgraded pointing to this state.
// Actually we only do this for states whose question is actually listed in $attempt->layout.
// We do not do it for states associated to wrapped questions like for example the questions
// used by a RANDOM question
$session = new stdClass;
$session->attemptid = $attempt->uniqueid;
$questionlist = quiz_questions_in_quiz($attempt->layout);
$params = array($attempt->uniqueid);
list($usql, $question_params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal(explode(',',$questionlist));
$params = array_merge($params, $question_params);
if ($questionlist and $states = $DB->get_records_select('question_states', "attempt = ? AND question $usql", $params)) {
foreach ($states as $state) {
$session->newgraded = $state->id;
$session->newest = $state->id;
$session->questionid = $state->question;
$DB->insert_record('question_sessions', $session, false);
}
}
}
/**
* @param object $quiz the quiz.
* @param integer $cmid the course_module object for this quiz.
* @param object $question the question.
* @param string $returnurl url to return to after action is done.
* @return string html for a number of icons linked to action pages for a
* question - preview and edit / view icons depending on user capabilities.
*/
function quiz_question_action_icons($quiz, $cmid, $question, $returnurl) {
$html = quiz_question_preview_button($quiz, $question) . ' ' .
quiz_question_edit_button($cmid, $question, $returnurl);
return $html;
}
/**
* @param integer $cmid the course_module.id for this quiz.
* @param object $question the question.
* @param string $returnurl url to return to after action is done.
* @param string $contentbeforeicon some HTML content to be added inside the link, before the icon.
* @return the HTML for an edit icon, view icon, or nothing for a question (depending on permissions).
*/
function quiz_question_edit_button($cmid, $question, $returnurl, $contentbeforeicon = '') {
global $CFG;
// Minor efficiency saving. Only get strings once, even if there are a lot of icons on one page.
static $stredit = null;
static $strview = null;
if ($stredit === null){
$stredit = get_string('edit');
$strview = get_string('view');
}
// What sort of icon should we show?
$action = '';
if (question_has_capability_on($question, 'edit', $question->category) ||
question_has_capability_on($question, 'move', $question->category)) {
$action = $stredit;
$icon = '/t/edit';
} else if (question_has_capability_on($question, 'view', $question->category)) {
$action = $strview;
$icon = '/i/info';
}
// Build the icon.
if ($action) {
$questionparams = array('returnurl' => $returnurl, 'cmid' => $cmid, 'id' => $question->id);
$questionurl = new moodle_url("$CFG->wwwroot/question/question.php", $questionparams);
return '<a title="' . $action . '" href="' . $questionurl->out() . '">' . $contentbeforeicon .
'<img src="' . $CFG->pixpath . $icon . '.gif" alt="' . $action . '" /></a>';
} else {
return $contentbeforeicon;
}
}
/**
* @param object $quiz the quiz
* @param object $question the question
* @param boolean $label if true, show the previewquestion label after the icon
* @return the HTML for a preview question icon.
*/
function quiz_question_preview_button($quiz, $question, $label = false) {
global $CFG, $COURSE;
if (!question_has_capability_on($question, 'use', $question->category)) {
return '';
}
// Minor efficiency saving. Only get strings once, even if there are a lot of icons on one page.
static $strpreview = null;
static $strpreviewquestion = null;
if ($strpreview === null){
$strpreview = get_string('preview', 'quiz');
$strpreviewquestion = get_string('previewquestion', 'quiz');
}
// Do we want a label?
$strpreviewlabel="";
if ($label) {
$strpreviewlabel = $strpreview;
}
// Build the icon.
return link_to_popup_window('/question/preview.php?id=' . $question->id . '&amp;quizid=' . $quiz->id, 'questionpreview',
"<img src=\"$CFG->pixpath/t/preview.gif\" class=\"iconsmall\" alt=\"$strpreviewquestion\" /> $strpreviewlabel",
0, 0, $strpreviewquestion, QUESTION_PREVIEW_POPUP_OPTIONS, true);
}
/**
* @param object $attempt the attempt.
* @param object $context the quiz context.
* @return integer whether flags should be shown/editable to the current user for this attempt.
*/
function quiz_get_flag_option($attempt, $context) {
global $USER;
static $flagmode = null;
if (is_null($flagmode)) {
if (!has_capability('moodle/question:flag', $context)) {
$flagmode = QUESTION_FLAGSHIDDEN;
} else if ($attempt->userid == $USER->id) {
$flagmode = QUESTION_FLAGSEDITABLE;
} else {
$flagmode = QUESTION_FLAGSSHOWN;
}
}
return $flagmode;
}
/**
* Determine render options
*
* @param int $reviewoptions
* @param object $state
*/
function quiz_get_renderoptions($quiz, $attempt, $context, $state) {
$reviewoptions = $quiz->review;
$options = new stdClass;
$options->flags = quiz_get_flag_option($attempt, $context);
// Show the question in readonly (review) mode if the question is in
// the closed state
$options->readonly = question_state_is_closed($state);
// Show feedback once the question has been graded (if allowed by the quiz)
$options->feedback = question_state_is_graded($state) && ($reviewoptions & QUIZ_REVIEW_FEEDBACK & QUIZ_REVIEW_IMMEDIATELY);
// Show correct responses in readonly mode if the quiz allows it
$options->correct_responses = $options->readonly && ($reviewoptions & QUIZ_REVIEW_ANSWERS & QUIZ_REVIEW_IMMEDIATELY);
// Show general feedback if the question has been graded and the quiz allows it.
$options->generalfeedback = question_state_is_graded($state) && ($reviewoptions & QUIZ_REVIEW_GENERALFEEDBACK & QUIZ_REVIEW_IMMEDIATELY);
// Show overallfeedback once the attempt is over.
$options->overallfeedback = false;
// Always show responses and scores
$options->responses = true;
$options->scores = true;
$options->quizstate = QUIZ_STATE_DURING;
$options->history = false;
return $options;
}
/**
* Determine review options
*
* @param object $quiz the quiz instance.
* @param object $attempt the attempt in question.
* @param $context the quiz module context.
*
* @return object an object with boolean fields responses, scores, feedback,
* correct_responses, solutions and general feedback
*/
function quiz_get_reviewoptions($quiz, $attempt, $context) {
global $USER;
$options = new stdClass;
$options->readonly = true;
$options->flags = quiz_get_flag_option($attempt, $context);
// Provide the links to the question review and comment script
if (!empty($attempt->id)) {
$options->questionreviewlink = '/mod/quiz/reviewquestion.php?attempt=' . $attempt->id;
}
// Show a link to the comment box only for closed attempts
if ($attempt->timefinish && has_capability('mod/quiz:grade', $context)) {
$options->questioncommentlink = '/mod/quiz/comment.php';
}
// Whether to display a response history.
$canviewreports = has_capability('mod/quiz:viewreports', $context);
$options->history = ($canviewreports && !$attempt->preview) ? 'all' : 'graded';
if ($canviewreports && has_capability('moodle/grade:viewhidden', $context) && !$attempt->preview) {
// People who can see reports and hidden grades should be shown everything,
// except during preview when teachers want to see what students see.
$options->responses = true;
$options->scores = true;
$options->feedback = true;
$options->correct_responses = true;
$options->solutions = false;
$options->generalfeedback = true;
$options->overallfeedback = true;
$options->quizstate = QUIZ_STATE_TEACHERACCESS;
} else {
// Work out the state of the attempt ...
if (((time() - $attempt->timefinish) < 120) || $attempt->timefinish==0) {
$quiz_state_mask = QUIZ_REVIEW_IMMEDIATELY;
$options->quizstate = QUIZ_STATE_IMMEDIATELY;
} else if (!$quiz->timeclose or time() < $quiz->timeclose) {
$quiz_state_mask = QUIZ_REVIEW_OPEN;
$options->quizstate = QUIZ_STATE_OPEN;
} else {
$quiz_state_mask = QUIZ_REVIEW_CLOSED;
$options->quizstate = QUIZ_STATE_CLOSED;
}
// ... and hence extract the appropriate review options.
$options->responses = ($quiz->review & $quiz_state_mask & QUIZ_REVIEW_RESPONSES) ? 1 : 0;
$options->scores = ($quiz->review & $quiz_state_mask & QUIZ_REVIEW_SCORES) ? 1 : 0;
$options->feedback = ($quiz->review & $quiz_state_mask & QUIZ_REVIEW_FEEDBACK) ? 1 : 0;
$options->correct_responses = ($quiz->review & $quiz_state_mask & QUIZ_REVIEW_ANSWERS) ? 1 : 0;
$options->solutions = ($quiz->review & $quiz_state_mask & QUIZ_REVIEW_SOLUTIONS) ? 1 : 0;
$options->generalfeedback = ($quiz->review & $quiz_state_mask & QUIZ_REVIEW_GENERALFEEDBACK) ? 1 : 0;
$options->overallfeedback = $attempt->timefinish && ($quiz->review & $quiz_state_mask & QUIZ_REVIEW_OVERALLFEEDBACK);
}
return $options;
}
/**
* Combines the review options from a number of different quiz attempts.
* Returns an array of two ojects, so he suggested way of calling this
* funciton is:
* list($someoptions, $alloptions) = quiz_get_combined_reviewoptions(...)
*
* @param object $quiz the quiz instance.
* @param array $attempts an array of attempt objects.
* @param $context the roles and permissions context,
* normally the context for the quiz module instance.
*
* @return array of two options objects, one showing which options are true for
* at least one of the attempts, the other showing which options are true
* for all attempts.
*/
function quiz_get_combined_reviewoptions($quiz, $attempts, $context) {
$fields = array('readonly', 'scores', 'feedback', 'correct_responses', 'solutions', 'generalfeedback', 'overallfeedback');
$someoptions = new stdClass;
$alloptions = new stdClass;
foreach ($fields as $field) {
$someoptions->$field = false;
$alloptions->$field = true;
}
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
$attemptoptions = quiz_get_reviewoptions($quiz, $attempt, $context);
foreach ($fields as $field) {
$someoptions->$field = $someoptions->$field || $attemptoptions->$field;
$alloptions->$field = $alloptions->$field && $attemptoptions->$field;
}
}
return array($someoptions, $alloptions);
}
/// FUNCTIONS FOR SENDING NOTIFICATION EMAILS ///////////////////////////////
/**
* Sends confirmation email to the student taking the course
*
* @param stdClass $a associative array of replaceable fields for the templates
*
* @return bool|string result of events_triger
*/
function quiz_send_confirmation($a) {
global $USER;
// recipient is self
$a->useridnumber = $USER->idnumber;
$a->username = fullname($USER);
$a->userusername = $USER->username;
// fetch the subject and body from strings
$subject = get_string('emailconfirmsubject', 'quiz', $a);
$body = get_string('emailconfirmbody', 'quiz', $a);
// send email and analyse result
$eventdata = new object();
$eventdata->modulename = 'quiz';
$eventdata->userfrom = get_admin();
$eventdata->userto = $USER;
$eventdata->subject = $subject;
$eventdata->fullmessage = $body;
$eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
$eventdata->fullmessagehtml = '';
$eventdata->smallmessage = '';
return (events_trigger('message_send', $eventdata) == 0);
}
/**
* Sends notification email to the interested parties that assign the role capability
*
* @param object $recipient user object of the intended recipient
* @param stdClass $a associative array of replaceable fields for the templates
*
* @return bool|string result of events_triger()
*/
function quiz_send_notification($recipient, $a) {
global $USER;
// recipient info for template
$a->username = fullname($recipient);
$a->userusername = $recipient->username;
$a->userusername = $recipient->username;
// fetch the subject and body from strings
$subject = get_string('emailnotifysubject', 'quiz', $a);
$body = get_string('emailnotifybody', 'quiz', $a);
// send email and analyse result
$eventdata = new object();
$eventdata->modulename = 'quiz';
$eventdata->userfrom = $USER;
$eventdata->userto = $recipient;
$eventdata->subject = $subject;
$eventdata->fullmessage = $body;
$eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
$eventdata->fullmessagehtml = '';
$eventdata->smallmessage = '';
return (events_trigger('message_send', $eventdata) == 0);
}
/**
* Takes a bunch of information to format into an email and send
* to the specified recipient.
*
* @param object $course the course
* @param object $quiz the quiz
* @param object $attempt this attempt just finished
* @param object $context the quiz context
* @param object $cm the coursemodule for this quiz
*
* @return int number of emails sent
*/
function quiz_send_notification_emails($course, $quiz, $attempt, $context, $cm) {
global $CFG, $USER;
// we will count goods and bads for error logging
$emailresult = array('good' => 0, 'block' => 0, 'fail' => 0);
// do nothing if required objects not present
if (empty($course) or empty($quiz) or empty($attempt) or empty($context)) {
debugging('quiz_send_notification_emails: Email(s) not sent due to program error.',
DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
return $emailresult['fail'];
}
// check for confirmation required
$sendconfirm = false;
$notifyexcludeusers = '';
if (has_capability('mod/quiz:emailconfirmsubmission', $context, NULL, false)) {
// exclude from notify emails later
$notifyexcludeusers = $USER->id;
// send the email
$sendconfirm = true;
}
// check for notifications required
$notifyfields = 'u.id, u.username, u.firstname, u.lastname, u.email, u.emailstop, u.lang, u.timezone, u.mailformat, u.maildisplay';
$groups = groups_get_all_groups($course->id, $USER->id);
if (is_array($groups) && count($groups) > 0) {
$groups = array_keys($groups);
} else if (groups_get_activity_groupmode($cm, $course) != NOGROUPS) {
// If the user is not in a group, and the quiz is set to group mode,
// then set $gropus to a non-existant id so that only users with
// 'moodle/site:accessallgroups' get notified.
$groups = -1;
} else {
$groups = '';
}
$userstonotify = get_users_by_capability($context, 'mod/quiz:emailnotifysubmission',
$notifyfields, '', '', '', $groups, $notifyexcludeusers, false, false, true);
// if something to send, then build $a
if (! empty($userstonotify) or $sendconfirm) {
$a = new stdClass;
// course info
$a->coursename = $course->fullname;
$a->courseshortname = $course->shortname;
// quiz info
$a->quizname = $quiz->name;
$a->quizreporturl = $CFG->wwwroot . '/mod/quiz/report.php?q=' . $quiz->id;
$a->quizreportlink = '<a href="' . $a->quizreporturl . '">' . format_string($quiz->name) . ' report</a>';
$a->quizreviewurl = $CFG->wwwroot . '/mod/quiz/review.php?attempt=' . $attempt->id;
$a->quizreviewlink = '<a href="' . $a->quizreviewurl . '">' . format_string($quiz->name) . ' review</a>';
$a->quizurl = $CFG->wwwroot . '/mod/quiz/view.php?q=' . $quiz->id;
$a->quizlink = '<a href="' . $a->quizurl . '">' . format_string($quiz->name) . '</a>';
// attempt info
$a->submissiontime = userdate($attempt->timefinish);
$a->timetaken = format_time($attempt->timefinish - $attempt->timestart);
// student who sat the quiz info
$a->studentidnumber = $USER->idnumber;
$a->studentname = fullname($USER);
$a->studentusername = $USER->username;
}
// send confirmation if required
if ($sendconfirm) {
// send the email and update stats
switch (quiz_send_confirmation($a)) {
case true:
$emailresult['good']++;
break;
case false:
$emailresult['fail']++;
break;
case 'emailstop':
$emailresult['block']++;
break;
}
}
// send notifications if required
if (!empty($userstonotify)) {
// loop through recipients and send an email to each and update stats
foreach ($userstonotify as $recipient) {
switch (quiz_send_notification($recipient, $a)) {
case true:
$emailresult['good']++;
break;
case false:
$emailresult['fail']++;
break;
case 'emailstop':
$emailresult['block']++;
break;
}
}
}
// log errors sending emails if any
if (! empty($emailresult['fail'])) {
debugging('quiz_send_notification_emails:: '.$emailresult['fail'].' email(s) failed to be sent.', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
}
if (! empty($emailresult['block'])) {
debugging('quiz_send_notification_emails:: '.$emailresult['block'].' email(s) were blocked by the user.', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
}
// return the number of successfully sent emails
return $emailresult['good'];
}
/**
* Clean the question layout from various possible anomalies:
* - Remove consecutive ","'s
* - Remove duplicate question id's
* - Remove extra "," from beginning and end
* - Finally, add a ",0" in the end if there is none
*
* @param $string $layout the quiz layout to clean up, usually from $quiz->questions.
* @param boolean $removeemptypages If true, remove empty pages from the quiz. False by default.
* @return $string the cleaned-up layout
*/
function quiz_clean_layout($layout, $removeemptypages = false){
// Remove duplicate "," (or triple, or...)
$layout = preg_replace('/,{2,}/', ',', trim($layout, ','));
// Remove duplicate question ids
$layout = explode(',', $layout);
$cleanerlayout = array();
$seen = array();
foreach ($layout as $item) {
if ($item == 0) {
$cleanerlayout[] = '0';
} else if (!in_array($item, $seen)) {
$cleanerlayout[] = $item;
$seen[] = $item;
}
}
if ($removeemptypages) {
// Avoid duplicate page breaks
$layout = $cleanerlayout;
$cleanerlayout = array();
$stripfollowingbreaks = true; // Ensure breaks are stripped from the start.
foreach ($layout as $item) {
if ($stripfollowingbreaks && $item == 0) {
continue;
}
$cleanerlayout[] = $item;
$stripfollowingbreaks = $item == 0;
}
}
// Add a page break at the end if there is none
if (end($cleanerlayout) !== '0') {
$cleanerlayout[] = '0';
}
return implode(',', $cleanerlayout);
}
/**
* Print a quiz error message. This is a thin wrapper around print_error, for convinience.
*
* @param mixed $quiz either the quiz object, or the interger quiz id.
* @param string $errorcode the name of the string from quiz.php to print.
* @param object $a any extra data required by the error string.
*/
function quiz_error($quiz, $errorcode, $a = null) {
global $CFG;
if (is_object($quiz)) {
$quiz = $quiz->id;
}
print_error($errorcode, 'quiz', $CFG->wwwroot . '/mod/quiz/view.php?q=' . $quiz, $a);
}