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93 lines
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93 lines
5.2 KiB
HTML
<h2>การถามคำถาม </h2>
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<p>คำถามแบบปรัชญาโสเครติสเป็นคำถามปลายเปิดซึ่งเป็นการสนับสนุนให้เกิดความคิดสร้างสรรค์ การคิดเป็น มีกระบวนความคิด ตัวอย่างเช่น </p>
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<h3>คำถามที่ต้องให้อธิบาย</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>คุณหมายความว่าอย่างไรจากการพูด ____?</li>
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<li>ประเด็นของคุณคืออะไร?</li>
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<li> _____ เกี่ยวข้องกับ _____อย่างไร?</li>
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<li>ลองอธิบายเรื่องนี้อีกแบบหนึ่งได้หรือไม่?</li>
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<li>ประเด็นของคุณคือ _____ หรือ _____?</li>
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<li>คุณคิดว่าใจความสำคัญของเรื่องนี้คืออะไร?</li>
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<li>ขอทวนหน่อยนะคะว่าเข้าใจคุณได้ถูกต้องหรือไม่ คุณหมายความว่า _____ หรือ _____?</li>
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<li>How does this relate to our problem/discussion/issue?</li>
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<li>What do you, Mike, mean by this remark? What do you take Mike to mean by
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his remark?</li>
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<li>Jane, can you summarize in your own words what Richard said? . . . Richard,
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is this what you meant?</li>
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<li>Could you give me an example?</li>
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<li>Would this be an example, . . .?</li>
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<li>Could you explain this further?</li>
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<li>Would you say more about that?</li>
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<li>Why do you say that?</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>คำถามเพื่อพิสูจน์สมมุติฐาน</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>What are you assuming?</li>
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<li>What is Jenny assuming?</li>
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<li>What could we assume instead?</li>
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<li>You seem to be assuming _____. Do I understand you correctly?</li>
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<li>All of your reasoning depends on the idea that _____. Why have you based
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your reasoning on _____ instead of _____?</li>
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<li>You seem to be assuming _____. How do you justify taking that for granted?</li>
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<li>Is that always the case? Why do you think the assumption holds here?</li>
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<li>Why would someone make that assumption? </li>
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</ul>
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<h3>คำถามเพื่อพิสูจน์เหตุผลและหลักฐาน</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>What would be an example?</li>
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<li>How do you know?</li>
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<li>Why do you think that is true?</li>
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<li>Do you have any evidence for that?</li>
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<li>What difference does that make?</li>
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<li>What are your reasons for saying that?</li>
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<li>What other information do you need?</li>
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<li>Could you explain your reasons to us?</li>
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<li>Are these reasons adequate?</li>
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<li>Why do you say that?</li>
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<li>What led you to that belief?</li>
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<li>How does that apply to this case?</li>
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<li>What would change your mind?</li>
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<li>But, is that good evidence for that belief?</li>
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<li>Is there a reason to doubt that evidence?</li>
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<li>Who is in a position to know that is true?</li>
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<li>What would you say to someone who said that ____?</li>
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<li>Can someone else give evidence to support that view?</li>
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<li>By what reasoning did you come to that conclusion?</li>
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<li>How could we find out if that is true? </li>
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</ul>
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<h3>คำถามเกี่ยวกับมุมมองและภาพรวม </h3>
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<ul>
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<li>The term "imply" will require clarification when used with younger
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students.</li>
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<li>What are you implying by that?</li>
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<li>When you say _____, are you implying _____?</li>
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<li>But, if that happened, what else would happen as a result? Why?</li>
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<li>What effect would that have?</li>
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<li>Would that necessarily happen or only possibly/probably happen?</li>
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<li>What is an alternative?</li>
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<li>If _____ and _____ are the case, then what might also be true?</li>
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<li>If we say that ____ is ethical, how about _____? </li>
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</ul>
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<h3>คำถามเกี่ยวกับการนำไปใช้และผลที่ตามมา </h3>
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<ul>
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<li>How can we find out?</li>
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<li>What does this question assume?</li>
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<li>Would _____ ask this question differently?</li>
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<li>How could someone settle this question?</li>
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<li>Can we break this question down at all?</li>
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<li>Is this question clear? Do we understand it?</li>
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<li>Is this question easy or hard to answer? Why?</li>
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<li>Does this question ask us to evaluate something? What?</li>
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<li>Do we all agree that this is the question?</li>
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<li>To answer this question, what other questions must we answer first?</li>
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<li>I'm not sure I understand how you are interpreting this question. Is this
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the same as _____?</li>
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<li>How would _____ state the issue?</li>
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<li>Why is this issue important?</li>
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<li>Is this the most important question, or is there an underlying question
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that is really the issue? </li>
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</ul>
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<HR>
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<FONT SIZE=1><I>Questions adapted from Paul, R. (1993). Critical Thinking: How To Prepare Students for a Rapidly Changing World: Foundation for Critical Thinking, Santa Rosa, CA. </I></FONT>
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