moodle/doc/install.html

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<H2>Installing Moodle</H2>
<P>This guide explains how to install Moodle for the first time.</P>
<P>Sections in this document:</P>
<OL>
<LI><A HREF="#requirements">Requirements</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#downloading">Download</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#site">Site structure</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#data">Create a data directory</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#database">Create a database</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#config">Edit config.php</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#admin">Go to the admin page</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#cron">Set up cron</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#course">Create a new course</A></LI>
</OL>
<H3><A NAME="requirements"></A>Requirements</H3>
<P>Moodle is primarily developed in Linux using PHP, Apache and MySQL, and regularly
tested under Windows XP and Mac OS X environments.</P>
<P>All you should need are:</P>
<UL>
<LI>a working installation of <A HREF="http://www.php.net/">PHP</A> (version
4.1.0 or better), including the <A HREF="http://www.boutell.com/gd/">GD</A>
library for manipulating images.</LI>
<LI>a working database server (<A HREF="http://www.mysql.com/">MySQL</A> for
now, but soon it will support PostgreSQL, MSSQL, Oracle, Interbase, Foxpro,
Access, ADO, Sybase, DB2 or ODBC).</LI>
</UL>
<P>On a Windows platform, the quickest way to satisfy these requirements is to
download <A HREF="http://www.phpgeek.com/">PHPTriad</A>, <A HREF="http://www.foxserv.net/">FoxServ</A>,
or <A HREF="http://www.easyphp.org/">EasyPHP</A>
which will install Apache, PHP, and MySQL for you. Make sure you enable the
GD module so Moodle can process images - you may have to edit php.ini and remove
the comment (;) from this line: 'extension=php_gd.dll'.</P>
<P>On Mac OS X I highly recommend the <a href="http://fink.sourceforge.net/">fink</a>
project.</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<H3><A NAME="downloading"></A>Download</H3>
<P>There are two ways to get Moodle, as a compressed package and via CVS. These
are explained in detail on the download page on <A HREF="http://moodle.com/">http://moodle.com/</A></P>
<P>After downloading and unpacking the archive, or checking out the files via
CVS, you will be left with a directory called &quot;moodle&quot;, containing
a number of files and folders. </P>
<P>You can either place the whole folder in your web server documents directory,
in which case the site will be located at <B>http://yourwebserver.com/moodle</B>,
or you can copy all the contents straight into the main web server documents
directory, in which case the site will be simply <B>http://yourwebserver.com</B>.</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<H3><A NAME="site"></A>Site structure</H3>
<P>Here is a quick summary of the contents of the Moodle folder, to help get you
oriented:</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>config.php - the only file you need to edit to get started<br>
version.php - defines the current version of Moodle code<BR>
index.php - the front page of the site</P>
<UL>
<LI>admin/ - code to administrate the whole server </LI>
<LI>course/ - code to display and manage courses </LI>
<LI>doc/ - help documentation for Moodle (eg this page)</LI>
<LI>files/ - code to display and manage uploaded files</LI>
<LI>lang/ - texts in different languages, one directory per language </LI>
<LI>lib/ - libraries of core Moodle code </LI>
<LI>login/ - code to handle login and account creation </LI>
<LI>mod/ - all Moodle course modules</LI>
<LI>pix/ - generic site graphics</LI>
<LI>theme/ - theme packs/skins to change the look of the site.</LI>
<LI>user/ - code to display and manage users</LI>
</UL>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H3><A NAME="data"></A>Create a data directory</H3>
<P>Moodle will also need some space on your hard disk to store uploaded files,
such as course documents and user pictures.</P>
<P>Create a directory for this purpose somewhere <B>away</B> from the web server
documents directory (we don't want these files to be directly accessible from
the web), and ensure that the web server software has permission to write to
this directory. On Unix machines, this means setting the owner of the directory
to be something like &quot;nobody&quot; or &quot;apache&quot;.</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<H3><A NAME="database"></A>Create a database</H3>
<P>You need to create an empty database (eg "moodle") in your database system
along with a special user (eg "moodleuser") that has access to that database
(and that database only. For example, don't use the "root" user for the moodle
database in a production system - it's a security hazard). </P>
<P>eg for MySQL: </P>
<PRE>
# mysql -u root -p
> CREATE DATABASE moodle;
> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP,INDEX,ALTER ON moodle.*
TO moodleuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';
> quit
# mysqladmin -p reload
</PRE>
<P>(For MySQL I highly recommend the use of <a href="http://phpmyadmin.sourceforge.net/">phpMyAdmin</a>
to manage your databases).</P>
<H3><A NAME="config"></A>Edit config.php</H3>
<P>Now you can edit the configuration file, <strong>config.php</strong>. This
file is used by all other files in Moodle.</P>
<P>To start with, make a copy of config-dist.php and call it config.php. We do
this so that your config.php won't be overwritten in case you upgrade Moodle
later on.
<P>Edit config.php to specify the database details that you just defined, as well as the
site address, file system directory, data directory and so on. The config file
has detailed directions.</P>
<P>For the rest of this installation document we will assume your site is at:
http://example.com/moodle</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<H3><A NAME="admin"></A>Go to the admin page</H3>
<P>The admin page should now be working at: http://example.com/moodle/admin</P>
<P>If you try and access the front page of your site you'll be taken there automatically
anyway. </P>
<P>The first time you access this page, Moodle will set up your database and prompt
you for more information.</P>
<P>Firstly, the main database tables are created. You should see a number of SQL
statements followed by status messages (in green or red) that look like this:</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>CREATE TABLE course ( id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, category
int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', password varchar(50) NOT NULL default
'', fullname varchar(254) NOT NULL default '', shortname varchar(15) NOT NULL
default '', summary text NOT NULL, format tinyint(4) NOT NULL default '1',
teacher varchar(100) NOT NULL default 'Teacher', startdate int(10) unsigned
NOT NULL default '0', enddate int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', timemodified
int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', PRIMARY KEY (id)) TYPE=MyISAM</P>
<P><FONT COLOR="#006600">SUCCESS</FONT></P>
<P>...and so on, followed by: <FONT COLOR="#FF0000">Main databases set up successfully</FONT>.
</P>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>If you don't see these, then there must have been some problem with the database
or the configuration settings you defined in config.php. Check that PHP isn't
in a restricted "safe mode" (commercial web hosts often have safe mode turned
on). You can check PHP variables by creating a little file containing &lt? phpinfo
?&gt and looking at it through a browser. Check all these and try this page
again.</P>
<P>Scroll down the very bottom of the page and press the &quot;Continue&quot;
link.</P>
<P>Next you will see a similar page that sets up all the tables required by each
Moodle module. As before, they should all be green, otherwise you may be a problem
in the module code.</P>
<P>Scroll down the very bottom of the page and press the &quot;Continue&quot;
link.</P>
<P>You should now see a form where you can define more parameters for your Moodle
site, such as the name, the description shown on the front page, and so on.
Fill this out (you can always go back and change these later) and then press
&quot;Update the site&quot;.</P>
<P>Finally, you will then be asked to create a top-level administration user for
future access to the admin pages. Fill out the details with your own name, email
etc and then click &quot;Update this user&quot;. You will be returned to the
main admin page, which contain a number of links arranged in a menu (these items
also appear on the home page when you are logged in as the admin user).</P>
<P><strong>Make sure you remember the username and password you chose for the
administration user, as they will be necessary to access the administration
page in future.</strong></P>
<P>All your further administration of Moodle can now be done using the administration
menu, which includes tasks such as:</P>
<UL>
<LI>creating and deleting courses</LI>
<LI>creating and editing user accounts</LI>
<LI>administering teacher accounts</LI>
<LI>changing site-wide settings</LI>
</UL>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<H3><A NAME="cron"></A>Set up cron</H3>
<P>Some of Moodle's modules require continual checks to perform tasks. For example,
Moodle needs to check the discussion forums so it can mail out copies of posts
to people who have subscribed.</P>
<P>The script that does all this is located in the admin directory, and is called
cron.php. However, it can not run itself, so you need to set up a mechanism
where this script is run regularly (eg every five minutes). This provides a
&quot;heartbeat&quot; so that the script can perform functions at periods defined
by each module.</P>
<P>Test that the script works by running it directly from your browser:</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE>http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php</PRE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>Now, you need to set up some of way of running the script automatically and
regularly. </P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<H4>Running the script from a command line</H4>
<P>You can call the page from the command line just as you did in the example
above. For example, you can use a Unix utility like 'wget':</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE>wget -q -O /dev/null http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php</PRE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>Note in this example that the output is thrown away (to /dev/null).</P>
<P>The same thing using lynx:</P>
<blockquote>
<pre>lynx -dump http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php &gt; /dev/null</pre>
</blockquote>
<P>Alternatively you could use a standalone version of PHP, compiled to be run
on the command line. The advantage with doing this is that your web server
logs aren't filled with constant requests to cron.php. The disadvantage is
that you need to have access to a command-line version of php.</P>
<blockquote>
<PRE>/opt/bin/php /web/moodle/admin/cron.php
(Windows) C:\apache\php\php.exe C:\apache\htdocs\moodle\admin\cron.php
</PRE>
</blockquote>
<h4>Automatically running the script every 5 minutes</h4>
<P>On Unix systems: Use <B>cron</B>. Edit your cron settings from the commandline
using &quot;crontab -e&quot; and add a line like:</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE>*/5 * * * * wget -q -O /dev/null http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php</PRE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>On Windows systems: The simplest way is to use my package <A TITLE="Click to download this package (150k)" HREF="http://moodle.com/download/moodle-cron-for-windows.zip">moodle-cron-for-windows.zip</A> which makes all this very easy.</P>
<P>Other platforms: you will need to find another way to do this (please let
me know so I can update this documentation).<br>
</P>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H3><A NAME="course"></A>Create a new course</H3>
<P>Now that Moodle is running properly, you can create a course. </P>
<P>Start on the admin page ( http://example.com/moodle/admin ) and select &quot;Create
a new course&quot;.</P>
<P>Fill out the form, paying special attention to the course format.</P>
<P>If you choose a &quot;<strong>weekly</strong>&quot; format, then course modules
will be arranged in sections called &quot;weeks&quot;. The weeks in your course
are defined by the start date and the number of weeks you choose on this form.
The idea is that the next time you run this course, you can just change the
dates and keep the essential course format.</P>
<P>The &quot;<strong>topics</strong>&quot; format is pretty much the same, except
it doesn't use &quot;weeks&quot;. Useful when you arrange a course into different-sized
chunks of time. The start date will not be used on the main course display.</P>
<P>The &quot;<strong>social</strong>&quot; format is for courses that don't have
a start or finish. It is basically arranged around one big forum and works a
nice replacement to standard mailing lists. Again the start date will not affect
the operation of the course - it will only affect the display of logs.</P>
<P>Press &quot;Update this course&quot;, and you will be taken to a new form where
you can assign teachers to the course. You can only add existing user accounts
from this form - if you want to create a new teacher account then either ask
the teacher to create one for themselves (see the login page), or create one
for them using the &quot;Add a new user&quot; on the Admin page.</P>
<P>Once done, your course is ready to customise, and is accessible via the &quot;Courses&quot;
link on the home page.</P>
<P>See the &quot;<A HREF="teacher.html">Teacher Manual</A>&quot; for more details
on course-building.</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT SIZE="1"><A HREF="index.html" TARGET="_top">Moodle Documentation</A></FONT></P>
<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT SIZE="1">Version: $Id$</FONT></P>
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