rector/README.md

# Rector - Upgrade Your Legacy App to a Modern Codebase

Rector is a **rec**onstruc**tor** tool - it does **instant upgrades** and **instant refactoring** of your code.
Why refactor manually if Rector can handle 80% of the task for you?

[![Coverage Status](https://img.shields.io/coveralls/rectorphp/rector/master.svg?style=flat-square)](https://coveralls.io/github/rectorphp/rector?branch=master)
[![Downloads](https://img.shields.io/packagist/dt/rector/rector.svg?style=flat-square)](https://packagist.org/packages/rector/rector)
[![SonarCube](https://img.shields.io/badge/SonarCube_Debt-%3C25-brightgreen.svg?style=flat-square)](https://sonarcloud.io/dashboard?id=rectorphp_rector)

<br>

- **[Overview of all 450+ Rectors](/docs/AllRectorsOverview.md)**
- **[Online DEMO](https://getrector.org/demo)**

<br>

![Rector-showcase](docs/images/rector-showcase-var.gif)

<br>

## Sponsors

Rector grows faster with your help, the more you help the more work it saves you.
Check out [Rector's Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/rectorphp). One-time donations are welcome [through PayPal](https://www.paypal.me/rectorphp).

Thank you:

<a href="https://spaceflow.io/en"><img src="/docs/images/spaceflow.png"></a>

<br>

## Open-Source First

Rector **instantly upgrades and instantly refactors the PHP code of your application**. It supports all modern versions of PHP and many open-source projects:

<br>

<p align="center">
    <a href="/config/set/php"><img src="/docs/images/php.png"></a>
    <img src="/docs/images/space.png" width=40>
    <a href="/config/set/symfony"><img src="/docs/images/symfony.png"></a>
    <img src="/docs/images/space.png" width=40>
    <a href="/config/set/laravel"><img src="/docs/images/laravel.png"></a>
    <br>
    <a href="/config/set/cakephp"><img src="/docs/images/cakephp.png"></a>
    <img src="/docs/images/space.png" width=40>
    <a href="/config/set/phpunit"><img src="/docs/images/phpunit.png"></a>
    <img src="/docs/images/space.png" width=40>
    <a href="/config/set/twig"><img src="/docs/images/twig.png"></a>
</p>

<br>

## What Can Rector Do for You?

- Rename classes, methods, properties, namespaces or constants
- Complete [parameter, var or return type declarations](https://www.tomasvotruba.com/blog/2019/01/03/how-to-complete-type-declarations-without-docblocks-with-rector/) based on static analysis of your code
- Upgrade your code from PHP 5.3 to PHP 7.4
- [Migrate your project from Nette to Symfony](https://www.tomasvotruba.com/blog/2019/02/21/how-we-migrated-from-nette-to-symfony-in-3-weeks-part-1/)
- [Complete PHP 7.4 property type declarations](https://www.tomasvotruba.com/blog/2018/11/15/how-to-get-php-74-typed-properties-to-your-code-in-few-seconds/)
- [Refactor Laravel facades to dependency injection](https://www.tomasvotruba.com/blog/2019/03/04/how-to-turn-laravel-from-static-to-dependency-injection-in-one-day/)
- [Prepare a codebase before huge upgrades](https://www.tomasvotruba.com/blog/2019/12/16/8-steps-you-can-make-before-huge-upgrade-to-make-it-faster-cheaper-and-more-stable/)
- [Get rid of technical debt](https://www.tomasvotruba.com/blog/2019/12/09/how-to-get-rid-of-technical-debt-or-what-we-would-have-done-differently-2-years-ago/)
- And much more...

...**look at the overview of [all available Rectors](/docs/AllRectorsOverview.md)** with before/after diffs and configuration examples. You can use them to build your own sets.

## How to Apply Coding Standards?

The AST libraries that Rector uses aren't well-suited for coding standards, so it's better to let coding standard tools do that.

Don't have a coding standard tool for your project? Consider adding [EasyCodingStandard](https://github.com/Symplify/EasyCodingStandard), [PHP CS Fixer](https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/PHP-CS-Fixer) or [PHP_CodeSniffer](https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer).

Tip: If you have EasyCodingStandard, you can start your set with [`ecs-after-rector.yaml`](/ecs-after-rector.yaml).

## Try Rector Online

No time to try Rector locally?

We have **[an online demo](https://getrector.org/demo) just for you!**

## Install

```bash
composer require rector/rector --dev
```

**Having conflicts during `composer require` or on run?**

- Use the [Rector Prefixed](https://github.com/rectorphp/rector-prefixed)

**Using a different PHP version than Rector supports?**

- Use the [Docker image](#run-rector-in-docker)

## Running Rector

### A. Get Started

Try the demo and get familiar with rector

- [Rector demo](https://github.com/rectorphp/demo)
- [Rector training](https://github.com/rectorphp/rector-training)

### B. Prepared Sets

Featured open-source projects have **prepared sets**. You can find them in [`/config/set`](/config/set) or by running:

```bash
vendor/bin/rector sets
```

Let's say you pick the [`symfony40`](/config/set/symfony) set and you want to upgrade your `/src` directory:

```bash
# show a list of known changes in Symfony 4.0
vendor/bin/rector process src --set symfony40 --dry-run
```

```bash
# apply upgrades to your code
vendor/bin/rector process src --set symfony40
```

Some sets, such as [`code-quality`](/config/set/code-quality) can be
used on a regular basis. You can include them in your `rector.yaml` to
run them by default:

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    sets:
        - 'code-quality'
        - 'php71'
        - 'php72'
        - 'php73'
```

### C. Custom Sets

1. Create a `rector.yaml` configuration file with your desired Rectors or provide another configuration file with `--config`:

    ```yaml
    services:
        Rector\Core\Rector\Architecture\DependencyInjection\AnnotatedPropertyInjectToConstructorInjectionRector:
            $annotation: "inject"
    ```

2. Run Rector on your `/src` directory:

    ```bash
    vendor/bin/rector process src --dry-run
    # apply
    vendor/bin/rector process src
    ```


## Features

### Extra Autoloading

Rector relies on whatever autoload setup the project it is fixing is using by using the Composer autoloader as default. To specify your own autoload file, use `--autoload-file` option:

```bash
vendor/bin/rector process ../project --autoload-file ../project/vendor/autoload.php
```

Or use a `rector.yaml` configuration file:

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    autoload_paths:
        - 'vendor/squizlabs/php_codesniffer/autoload.php'
        - 'vendor/project-without-composer'
```

### Exclude Paths and Rectors

You can also **exclude files or directories** (with regex or [fnmatch](http://php.net/manual/en/function.fnmatch.php)):

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    exclude_paths:
        - '*/src/*/Tests/*'
```

You can use a whole ruleset, except one rule:

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    exclude_rectors:
        - 'Rector\CodeQuality\Rector\If_\SimplifyIfReturnBoolRector'
```

Do you want to skip just specific line with specific rule?

Use `@noRector \FQN name` annotation:

```php
class SomeClass
{
    /**
     * @noRector \Rector\DeadCode\Rector\ClassMethod\RemoveEmptyClassMethodRector
     */
    public function foo()
    {
        /** @noRector \Rector\DeadCode\Rector\Plus\RemoveDeadZeroAndOneOperationRector */
        round(1 + 0);
    }
}
```

### Filter Rectors

If you have a configuration file for Rector including many sets and Rectors, you might want at times to run only a single Rector from them. The `--only` argument allows that, for example :

```bash
vendor/bin/rector process --set solid --only "Rector\SOLID\Rector\Class_\FinalizeClassesWithoutChildrenRector" src/
```

Will only run `Rector\SOLID\Rector\Class_\FinalizeClassesWithoutChildrenRector`.

Please note that the backslash in the Rector's fully-qualified class name needs to be properly escaped (by surrounding the string in double quotes).

### Provide PHP Version

By default Rector uses the language features matching your system version of PHP. You can configure it for a different PHP version:

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    php_version_features: '7.2' # your version is 7.3
```

### Paths

If you're annoyed by repeating paths in arguments, you can move them to config instead:

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    paths:
        - 'src'
        - 'tests'
```

### Import Use Statements

FQN classes are not imported by default. If you don't want to do it manually after every Rector run, enable it by:

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    auto_import_names: true
```

You can also fine-tune how these imports are processed:

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    # this will not import root namespace classes, like \DateTime or \Exception
    import_short_classes: false

    # this will not import classes used in PHP DocBlocks, like in /** @var \Some\Class */
    import_doc_blocks: false
```

### Limit Execution to Changed Files

Execution can be limited to changed files using the `process` option `--match-git-diff`.
This option will filter the files included by the configuration, creating an intersection with the files listed in `git diff`.

```bash
vendor/bin/rector process src --match-git-diff
```

This option is useful in CI with pull-requests that only change few files.

### Symfony Container

To work with some Symfony rules, you now need to link your container XML file

```yaml
# rector.yaml
parameters:
    # path to load services from
    symfony_container_xml_path: 'var/cache/dev/AppKernelDevDebugContainer.xml'
```

## 3 Steps to Create Your Own Rector

First, make sure it's not covered by [any existing Rectors](/docs/AllRectorsOverview.md).

Let's say we want to **change method calls from `set*` to `change*`**.

```diff
 $user = new User();
-$user->setPassword('123456');
+$user->changePassword('123456');
```

### 1. Create a New Rector and Implement Methods

Create a class that extends [`Rector\Core\Rector\AbstractRector`](/src/Rector/AbstractRector.php). It will inherit useful methods e.g. to check node type and name. See the source (or type `$this->` in an IDE) for a list of available methods.

```php
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Utils\Rector;

use Nette\Utils\Strings;
use PhpParser\Node;
use PhpParser\Node\Identifier;
use PhpParser\Node\Expr\MethodCall;
use Rector\Core\Rector\AbstractRector;
use Rector\Core\RectorDefinition\CodeSample;
use Rector\Core\RectorDefinition\RectorDefinition;

final class MyFirstRector extends AbstractRector
{
    /**
     * @return string[]
     */
    public function getNodeTypes(): array
    {
        // what node types are we looking for?
        // pick any node from https://github.com/rectorphp/rector/blob/master/docs/NodesOverview.md
        return [MethodCall::class];
    }

    /**
     * @param MethodCall $node - we can add "MethodCall" type here, because
     *                         only this node is in "getNodeTypes()"
     */
    public function refactor(Node $node): ?Node
    {
        // we only care about "set*" method names
        if (! $this->isName($node->name, 'set*')) {
            // return null to skip it
            return null;
        }

        $methodCallName = $this->getName($node);
        $newMethodCallName = Strings::replace($methodCallName, '#^set#', 'change');

        $node->name = new Identifier($newMethodCallName);

        // return $node if you modified it
        return $node;
    }

    /**
     * From this method documentation is generated.
     */
    public function getDefinition(): RectorDefinition
    {
        return new RectorDefinition(
            'Change method calls from set* to change*.', [
                new CodeSample(
                    // code before
                    '$user->setPassword("123456");',
                    // code after
                    '$user->changePassword("123456");'
                ),
            ]
        );
    }
}
```

This is how the file structure should look like:

```bash
/src/YourCode.php
/utils/Rector/MyFirstRector.php
rector.yaml
composer.json
```

We also need to load Rector rules in `composer.json`:

```json
{
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "App\\": "src"
        }
    },
    "autoload-dev": {
        "psr-4": {
            "Utils\\": "utils"
        }
    }
}
```

After adding this to `composer.json`, be sure to reload Composer's class map:

```bash
composer dump-autoload
```

### 2. Register It

```yaml
# rector.yaml
services:
    Utils\Rector\MyFirstRector: ~
```

### 3. Let Rector Refactor Your Code

The `rector.yaml` configuration is loaded by default, so we can skip it.

```bash
# see the diff first
vendor/bin/rector process src --dry-run

# if it's ok, apply
vendor/bin/rector process src
```

That's it!

### Generating a Rector Rule

Do you want to save time with making rules and tests?

Use [the `create` command](/docs/RectorRecipe.md).

## More Detailed Documentation

- **[All Rectors Overview](/docs/AllRectorsOverview.md)**
- [How Does Rector Work?](/docs/HowItWorks.md)
- [PHP Parser Nodes Overview](/docs/NodesOverview.md)
- [Generate Rector from Recipe](/docs/RectorRecipe.md)

## How to Contribute

See [the contribution guide](/CONTRIBUTING.md).

## Run Rector in Docker
You can run Rector on your project using Docker:

```bash
docker run -v $(pwd):/project rector/rector:latest process /project/src --set symfony40 --dry-run

# Note that a volume is mounted from `pwd` (the current directory) into `/project` which can be accessed later.
```

Using `rector.yaml`:

```bash
docker run -v $(pwd):/project rector/rector:latest process /project/app \
--config /project/rector.yaml \
--autoload-file /project/vendor/autoload.php \
--dry-run
```

### Community Packages

Do you use Rector to upgrade your code? Add it here:

- [drupal8-rector/drupal8-rector](https://github.com/drupal8-rector/drupal8-rector) by [@mxr576](https://github.com/mxr576) for [Drupal](https://www.drupal.org/)
- [sabbelasichon/typo3-rector](https://github.com/sabbelasichon/typo3-rector) for [TYPO3](https://typo3.org/)