diff --git a/.github/workflows/coding-standards.yml b/.github/workflows/coding-standards.yml
index 2fb8a17279..9c56f35944 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/coding-standards.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/coding-standards.yml
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ on:
       - '3.[89]'
       - '[4-9].[0-9]'
     tags:
-      - '3.[89]*'
-      - '[4-9].[0-9]*'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9]'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9].[0-9]+'
+      - '!3.7.[0-9]+'
   pull_request:
     branches:
       - trunk
@@ -39,130 +40,35 @@ concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.head_ref || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
+# Disable permissions for all available scopes by default.
+# Any needed permissions should be configured at the job level.
+permissions: {}
+
 jobs:
   # Runs PHP coding standards checks.
-  #
-  # Violations are reported inline with annotations.
-  #
-  # Performs the following steps:
-  # - Checks out the repository.
-  # - Sets up PHP.
-  # - Configures caching for PHPCS scans.
-  # - Installs Composer dependencies.
-  # - Make Composer packages available globally.
-  # - Runs PHPCS on the full codebase with warnings suppressed.
-  # - Generate a report for displaying issues as pull request annotations.
-  # - Runs PHPCS on the `tests` directory without warnings suppressed.
-  # - Generate a report for displaying `test` directory issues as pull request annotations.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
   phpcs:
     name: PHP coding standards
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 20
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/reusable-coding-standards-php.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-
-      - name: Set up PHP
-        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@d30ad8b1843ace22e6698ab99bbafaa747b6bd0d # v2.24.0
-        with:
-          php-version: '7.4'
-          coverage: none
-          tools: cs2pr
-
-      # This date is used to ensure that the PHPCS cache is cleared at least once every week.
-      # http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/date.1.html
-      - name: "Get last Monday's date"
-        id: get-date
-        run: echo "date=$(/bin/date -u --date='last Mon' "+%F")" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-      - name: Cache PHPCS scan cache
-        uses: actions/cache@69d9d449aced6a2ede0bc19182fadc3a0a42d2b0 # v3.2.6
-        with:
-          path: |
-            .cache/phpcs-src.json
-            .cache/phpcs-tests.json
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-date-${{ steps.get-date.outputs.date }}-phpcs-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json', 'phpcs.xml.dist') }}
-
-      # Since Composer dependencies are installed using `composer update` and no lock file is in version control,
-      # passing a custom cache suffix ensures that the cache is flushed at least once per week.
-      - name: Install Composer dependencies
-        uses: ramsey/composer-install@83af392bf5f031813d25e6fe4cd626cdba9a2df6 # v2.2.0
-        with:
-          custom-cache-suffix: ${{ steps.get-date.outputs.date }}
-
-      - name: Make Composer packages available globally
-        run: echo "${PWD}/vendor/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-
-      - name: Run PHPCS on all Core files
-        id: phpcs-core
-        run: phpcs -n --report-full --cache=./.cache/phpcs-src.json --report-checkstyle=./.cache/phpcs-report.xml
-
-      - name: Show PHPCS results in PR
-        if: ${{ always() && steps.phpcs-core.outcome == 'failure' }}
-        run: cs2pr ./.cache/phpcs-report.xml
-
-      - name: Check test suite files for warnings
-        id: phpcs-tests
-        run: phpcs tests --report-full --cache=./.cache/phpcs-tests.json --report-checkstyle=./.cache/phpcs-tests-report.xml
-
-      - name: Show test suite scan results in PR
-        if: ${{ always() && steps.phpcs-tests.outcome == 'failure' }}
-        run: cs2pr ./.cache/phpcs-tests-report.xml
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified during the tests
-        run: git diff --exit-code
+    with:
+      php-version: '7.4'
 
   # Runs the JavaScript coding standards checks.
-  #
-  # JSHint violations are not currently reported inline with annotations.
-  #
-  # Performs the following steps:
-  # - Checks out the repository.
-  # - Sets up Node.js.
-  # - Logs debug information about the GitHub Action runner.
-  # - Installs npm dependencies.
-  # - Run the WordPress JSHint checks.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
   jshint:
     name: JavaScript coding standards
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 20
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/reusable-coding-standards-javascript.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
-    env:
-      PUPPETEER_SKIP_CHROMIUM_DOWNLOAD: ${{ true }}
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-
-      - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@64ed1c7eab4cce3362f8c340dee64e5eaeef8f7c # v3.6.0
-        with:
-          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          cache: npm
-
-      - name: Log debug information
-        run: |
-          npm --version
-          node --version
-          git --version
-          svn --version
-
-      - name: Install npm Dependencies
-        run: npm ci
-
-      - name: Run JSHint
-        run: npm run grunt jshint
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted
-        run: git diff --exit-code
 
   slack-notifications:
     name: Slack Notifications
     uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/slack-notifications.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
     needs: [ phpcs, jshint ]
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && always() }}
     with:
@@ -176,6 +82,8 @@ jobs:
   failed-workflow:
     name: Failed workflow tasks
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: write
     needs: [ phpcs, jshint, slack-notifications ]
     if: |
       always() &&
@@ -189,7 +97,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Dispatch workflow run
-        uses: actions/github-script@98814c53be79b1d30f795b907e553d8679345975 # v6.4.0
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
         with:
           retries: 2
           retry-exempt-status-codes: 418
diff --git a/.github/workflows/end-to-end-tests.yml b/.github/workflows/end-to-end-tests.yml
index 5bcca0c1ae..dec8310dce 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/end-to-end-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/end-to-end-tests.yml
@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ on:
       - '5.[3-9]'
       - '[6-9].[0-9]'
     tags:
-      - '5.[3-9]*'
-      - '[6-9].[0-9]*'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9]'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9].[0-9]+'
+      - '![34].[0-9].[0-9]+'
+      - '!5.[0-2].[0-9]+'
   pull_request:
     branches:
       - trunk
@@ -24,105 +26,36 @@ concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.head_ref || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
+# Disable permissions for all available scopes by default.
+# Any needed permissions should be configured at the job level.
+permissions: {}
+
 env:
   LOCAL_DIR: build
-  LOCAL_PHP: 8.0-fpm
 
 jobs:
   # Runs the end-to-end test suite.
-  #
-  # Performs the following steps:
-  # - Sets environment variables.
-  # - Checks out the repository.
-  # - Sets up Node.js.
-  # - Logs debug information about the GitHub Action runner.
-  # - Installs npm dependencies.
-  # - Builds WordPress to run from the `build` directory.
-  # - Starts the WordPress Docker container.
-  # - Logs the running Docker containers.
-  # - Logs Docker debug information (about both the Docker installation within the runner and the WordPress container).
-  # - Install WordPress within the Docker container.
-  # - Run the E2E tests.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
   e2e-tests:
-    name: E2E Tests
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 20
+    name: Test with SCRIPT_DEBUG ${{ matrix.LOCAL_SCRIPT_DEBUG && 'enabled' || 'disabled' }}
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/reusable-end-to-end-tests.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Configure environment variables
-        run: |
-          echo "PHP_FPM_UID=$(id -u)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "PHP_FPM_GID=$(id -g)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-
-      - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@64ed1c7eab4cce3362f8c340dee64e5eaeef8f7c # v3.6.0
-        with:
-          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          cache: npm
-
-      - name: Log debug information
-        run: |
-          npm --version
-          node --version
-          curl --version
-          git --version
-          svn --version
-          locale -a
-
-      - name: Install npm Dependencies
-        run: npm ci
-
-      - name: Build WordPress
-        run: npm run build
-
-      - name: Start Docker environment
-        run: |
-          npm run env:start
-
-      - name: Log running Docker containers
-        run: docker ps -a
-
-      - name: Docker debug information
-        run: |
-          docker -v
-          docker-compose -v
-          docker-compose run --rm mysql mysql --version
-          docker-compose run --rm php php --version
-          docker-compose run --rm php php -m
-          docker-compose run --rm php php -i
-          docker-compose run --rm php locale -a
-
-      - name: Install WordPress
-        run: npm run env:install
-
-      - name: Run E2E tests
-        run: npm run test:e2e
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted
-        run: git diff --exit-code
-
-  slack-notifications:
-    name: Slack Notifications
-    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/slack-notifications.yml@trunk
-    needs: [ e2e-tests ]
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && always() }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        LOCAL_SCRIPT_DEBUG: [ true, false ]
     with:
-      calling_status: ${{ needs.e2e-tests.result == 'success' && 'success' || needs.e2e-tests.result == 'cancelled' && 'cancelled' || 'failure' }}
-    secrets:
-      SLACK_GHA_SUCCESS_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_SUCCESS_WEBHOOK }}
-      SLACK_GHA_CANCELLED_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_CANCELLED_WEBHOOK }}
-      SLACK_GHA_FIXED_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_FIXED_WEBHOOK }}
-      SLACK_GHA_FAILURE_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_FAILURE_WEBHOOK }}
+      LOCAL_SCRIPT_DEBUG: ${{ matrix.LOCAL_SCRIPT_DEBUG }}
+      php-version: '8.0'
+      install-gutenberg: false
 
   failed-workflow:
     name: Failed workflow tasks
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [ e2e-tests, slack-notifications ]
+    permissions:
+      actions: write
+    needs: [ e2e-tests ]
     if: |
       always() &&
       github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' &&
@@ -131,10 +64,9 @@ jobs:
       (
         needs.e2e-tests.result == 'cancelled' || needs.e2e-tests.result == 'failure'
       )
-
     steps:
       - name: Dispatch workflow run
-        uses: actions/github-script@98814c53be79b1d30f795b907e553d8679345975 # v6.4.0
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
         with:
           retries: 2
           retry-exempt-status-codes: 418
diff --git a/.github/workflows/javascript-tests.yml b/.github/workflows/javascript-tests.yml
index 2377beb132..76040d9f51 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/javascript-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/javascript-tests.yml
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ on:
       - '3.[89]'
       - '[4-9].[0-9]'
     tags:
-      - '3.[89]*'
-      - '[4-9].[0-9]*'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9]'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9].[0-9]+'
+      - '!3.7.[0-9]+'
   pull_request:
     branches:
       - trunk
@@ -37,51 +38,25 @@ concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.head_ref || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
+# Disable permissions for all available scopes by default.
+# Any needed permissions should be configured at the job level.
+permissions: {}
+
 jobs:
   # Runs the QUnit tests for WordPress.
-  #
-  # Performs the following steps:
-  # - Checks out the repository.
-  # - Sets up Node.js.
-  # - Logs debug information about the GitHub Action runner.
-  # - Installs npm dependencies.
-  # - Run the WordPress QUnit tests.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
   test-js:
     name: QUnit Tests
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 20
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/reusable-javascript-tests.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
 
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-
-      - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@64ed1c7eab4cce3362f8c340dee64e5eaeef8f7c # v3.6.0
-        with:
-          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          cache: npm
-
-      - name: Log debug information
-        run: |
-          npm --version
-          node --version
-          git --version
-          svn --version
-
-      - name: Install npm Dependencies
-        run: npm ci
-
-      - name: Run QUnit tests
-        run: npm run grunt qunit:compiled
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted
-        run: git diff --exit-code
-
   slack-notifications:
     name: Slack Notifications
     uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/slack-notifications.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
     needs: [ test-js ]
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && always() }}
     with:
@@ -95,6 +70,8 @@ jobs:
   failed-workflow:
     name: Failed workflow tasks
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: write
     needs: [ test-js, slack-notifications ]
     if: |
       always() &&
@@ -107,7 +84,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Dispatch workflow run
-        uses: actions/github-script@98814c53be79b1d30f795b907e553d8679345975 # v6.4.0
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
         with:
           retries: 2
           retry-exempt-status-codes: 418
diff --git a/.github/workflows/php-compatibility.yml b/.github/workflows/php-compatibility.yml
index fed7972d07..6f9354118a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/php-compatibility.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/php-compatibility.yml
@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ on:
       - '5.[5-9]'
       - '[6-9].[0-9]'
     tags:
-      - '5.[5-9]*'
-      - '[6-9].[0-9]*'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9]'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9].[0-9]+'
+      - '![34].[0-9].[0-9]+'
+      - '!5.[0-4].[0-9]+'
   pull_request:
     branches:
       - trunk
@@ -33,79 +35,27 @@ concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.head_ref || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
-jobs:
+# Disable permissions for all available scopes by default.
+# Any needed permissions should be configured at the job level.
+permissions: {}
 
+jobs:
   # Runs PHP compatibility testing.
-  #
-  # Violations are reported inline with annotations.
-  #
-  # Performs the following steps:
-  # - Checks out the repository.
-  # - Sets up PHP.
-  # - Logs debug information.
-  # - Configures caching for PHP compatibility scans.
-  # - Installs Composer dependencies.
-  # - Make Composer packages available globally.
-  # - Runs the PHP compatibility tests.
-  # - Generate a report for displaying issues as pull request annotations.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
   php-compatibility:
     name: Check PHP compatibility
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 20
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/reusable-php-compatibility.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-
-      - name: Set up PHP
-        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@d30ad8b1843ace22e6698ab99bbafaa747b6bd0d # v2.24.0
-        with:
-          php-version: '7.4'
-          coverage: none
-          tools: cs2pr
-
-      - name: Log debug information
-        run: |
-          composer --version
-
-      # This date is used to ensure that the PHP compatibility cache is cleared at least once every week.
-      # http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/date.1.html
-      - name: "Get last Monday's date"
-        id: get-date
-        run: echo "date=$(/bin/date -u --date='last Mon' "+%F")" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-      - name: Cache PHP compatibility scan cache
-        uses: actions/cache@69d9d449aced6a2ede0bc19182fadc3a0a42d2b0 # v3.2.6
-        with:
-          path: .cache/phpcompat.json
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-date-${{ steps.get-date.outputs.date }}-phpcompat-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.json', 'phpcompat.xml.dist') }}
-
-      # Since Composer dependencies are installed using `composer update` and no lock file is in version control,
-      # passing a custom cache suffix ensures that the cache is flushed at least once per week.
-      - name: Install Composer dependencies
-        uses: ramsey/composer-install@83af392bf5f031813d25e6fe4cd626cdba9a2df6 # v2.2.0
-        with:
-          custom-cache-suffix: ${{ steps.get-date.outputs.date }}
-
-      - name: Make Composer packages available globally
-        run: echo "${PWD}/vendor/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-
-      - name: Run PHP compatibility tests
-        id: phpcs
-        run: phpcs --standard=phpcompat.xml.dist --report-full --report-checkstyle=./.cache/phpcs-compat-report.xml
-
-      - name: Show PHPCompatibility results in PR
-        if: ${{ always() && steps.phpcs.outcome == 'failure' }}
-        run: cs2pr ./.cache/phpcs-compat-report.xml
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted
-        run: git diff --exit-code
+    with:
+      php-version: '7.4'
 
   slack-notifications:
     name: Slack Notifications
     uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/slack-notifications.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
     needs: [ php-compatibility ]
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && always() }}
     with:
@@ -119,6 +69,8 @@ jobs:
   failed-workflow:
     name: Failed workflow tasks
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: write
     needs: [ php-compatibility, slack-notifications ]
     if: |
       always() &&
@@ -131,7 +83,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Dispatch workflow run
-        uses: actions/github-script@98814c53be79b1d30f795b907e553d8679345975 # v6.4.0
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
         with:
           retries: 2
           retry-exempt-status-codes: 418
diff --git a/.github/workflows/phpunit-tests.yml b/.github/workflows/phpunit-tests.yml
index 595069dd79..c13fd74954 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/phpunit-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/phpunit-tests.yml
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ on:
       - '3.[7-9]'
       - '[4-9].[0-9]'
     tags:
-      - '3.[7-9]*'
-      - '[4-9].[0-9]*'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9]'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9].[0-9]+'
   pull_request:
     branches:
       - trunk
@@ -26,208 +26,74 @@ concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.head_ref || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
-env:
-  PUPPETEER_SKIP_CHROMIUM_DOWNLOAD: ${{ true }}
-  LOCAL_PHP_MEMCACHED: ${{ false }}
-  SLOW_TESTS: 'external-http,media,restapi'
+# Disable permissions for all available scopes by default.
+# Any needed permissions should be configured at the job level.
+permissions: {}
+
 
 jobs:
-  # Runs the PHPUnit tests for WordPress.
   #
-  # Note: Steps running tests for PHP 8.1 jobs are allowed to "continue-on-error".
-  # This prevents workflow runs from being marked as "failed" when only PHP 8.1 fails.
+  # Creates a PHPUnit test job for each PHP/MySQL combination.
   #
-  # Performs the following steps:
-  # - Sets environment variables.
-  # - Checks out the repository.
-  # - Sets up Node.js.
-  # - Sets up PHP.
-  # - Installs Composer dependencies.
-  # - Installs npm dependencies
-  # - Logs general debug information about the runner.
-  # - Logs Docker debug information (about the Docker installation within the runner).
-  # - Starts the WordPress Docker container.
-  # - Logs the running Docker containers.
-  # - Logs debug information about what's installed within the WordPress Docker containers.
-  # - Install WordPress within the Docker container.
-  # - Run the PHPUnit tests.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
-  # - Checks out the WordPress Test reporter repository.
-  # - Submit the test results to the WordPress.org host test results.
   test-php:
-    name: ${{ matrix.php }}${{ matrix.multisite && ' multisite' || '' }}${{ matrix.split_slow && ' slow tests' || '' }}${{ matrix.memcached && ' with memcached' || '' }} on ${{ matrix.os }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    timeout-minutes: 20
+    name: ${{ matrix.php }}${{ matrix.multisite && ' multisite' || '' }}${{ matrix.memcached && ' with memcached' || '' }} on ${{ matrix.os }}
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/reusable-phpunit-tests.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    secrets: inherit
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        php: [ '5.6', '7.0', '7.1', '7.2', '7.3', '7.4', '8.0', '8.1' ]
         os: [ ubuntu-latest ]
-        memcached: [ false ]
-        split_slow: [ false ]
+        php: [ '5.6', '7.0', '7.1', '7.2', '7.3', '7.4', '8.0', '8.1' ]
+        db-type: [ 'mysql' ]
+        db-version: [ '5.7' ]
         multisite: [ false, true ]
+        memcached: [ false ]
+
         include:
-          # Additional "slow" jobs for PHP 5.6.
-          - php: '5.6'
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            memcached: false
-            multisite: false
-            split_slow: true
-          - php: '5.6'
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            memcached: false
-            multisite: true
-            split_slow: true
+          # Allow PHP 8.1 tests to have errors.
+          - php: '8.1'
+            allow-errors: true
           # Include jobs for PHP 7.4 with memcached.
-          - php: '7.4'
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            memcached: true
+          - os: ubuntu-latest
+            php: '7.4'
+            db-type: 'mysql'
+            db-version: '5.7'
             multisite: false
-          - php: '7.4'
-            os: ubuntu-latest
             memcached: true
+          - os: ubuntu-latest
+            php: '7.4'
+            db-type: 'mysql'
+            db-version: '5.7'
             multisite: true
+            memcached: true
           # Report the results of the PHP 7.4 without memcached job.
-          - php: '7.4'
-            os: ubuntu-latest
-            memcached: false
+          - os: ubuntu-latest
+            php: '7.4'
+            db-type: 'mysql'
+            db-version: '5.7'
             multisite: false
+            memcached: false
             report: true
-
-    env:
-      LOCAL_PHP: ${{ matrix.php }}-fpm
-      LOCAL_PHP_MEMCACHED: ${{ matrix.memcached }}
-      PHPUNIT_CONFIG: ${{ matrix.multisite && 'tests/phpunit/multisite.xml' || 'phpunit.xml.dist' }}
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Configure environment variables
-        run: |
-          echo "PHP_FPM_UID=$(id -u)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "PHP_FPM_GID=$(id -g)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-
-      - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@64ed1c7eab4cce3362f8c340dee64e5eaeef8f7c # v3.6.0
-        with:
-          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          cache: npm
-
-      ##
-      # This allows Composer dependencies to be installed using a single step.
-      #
-      # Since the tests are currently run within the Docker containers where the PHP version varies,
-      # the same PHP version needs to be configured for the action runner machine so that the correct
-      # dependency versions are installed and cached.
-      ##
-      - name: Set up PHP
-        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@d30ad8b1843ace22e6698ab99bbafaa747b6bd0d # v2.24.0
-        with:
-          php-version: '${{ matrix.php }}'
-          coverage: none
-
-      # Since Composer dependencies are installed using `composer update` and no lock file is in version control,
-      # passing a custom cache suffix ensures that the cache is flushed at least once per week.
-      - name: Install Composer dependencies
-        uses: ramsey/composer-install@83af392bf5f031813d25e6fe4cd626cdba9a2df6 # v2.2.0
-        with:
-          custom-cache-suffix: $(/bin/date -u --date='last Mon' "+%F")
-
-      - name: Install npm dependencies
-        run: npm ci
-
-      - name: General debug information
-        run: |
-          npm --version
-          node --version
-          curl --version
-          git --version
-          svn --version
-          composer --version
-          locale -a
-
-      - name: Docker debug information
-        run: |
-          docker -v
-          docker-compose -v
-
-      - name: Start Docker environment
-        run: |
-          npm run env:start
-
-      - name: Log running Docker containers
-        run: docker ps -a
-
-      - name: WordPress Docker container debug information
-        run: |
-          docker-compose run --rm mysql mysql --version
-          docker-compose run --rm php php --version
-          docker-compose run --rm php php -m
-          docker-compose run --rm php php -i
-          docker-compose run --rm php locale -a
-
-      - name: Install WordPress
-        run: npm run env:install
-
-      - name: Run slow PHPUnit tests
-        if: ${{ matrix.split_slow }}
-        run: node ./tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js run php ./vendor/bin/phpunit --verbose -c ${{ env.PHPUNIT_CONFIG }} --group ${{ env.SLOW_TESTS }}
-
-      - name: Run PHPUnit tests for single site excluding slow tests
-        if: ${{ matrix.php < '7.0' && ! matrix.split_slow && ! matrix.multisite }}
-        run: node ./tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js run php ./vendor/bin/phpunit --verbose -c ${{ env.PHPUNIT_CONFIG }} --exclude-group ${{ env.SLOW_TESTS }},ajax,ms-files,ms-required
-
-      - name: Run PHPUnit tests for Multisite excluding slow tests
-        if: ${{ matrix.php < '7.0' && ! matrix.split_slow && matrix.multisite }}
-        run: node ./tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js run php ./vendor/bin/phpunit --verbose -c ${{ env.PHPUNIT_CONFIG }} --exclude-group ${{ env.SLOW_TESTS }},ajax,ms-files,ms-excluded,oembed-headers
-
-      - name: Run PHPUnit tests
-        if: ${{ matrix.php >= '7.0' }}
-        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.php == '8.1' }}
-        run: node ./tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js run php ./vendor/bin/phpunit --verbose -c ${{ env.PHPUNIT_CONFIG }}
-
-      - name: Run AJAX tests
-        if: ${{ ! matrix.split_slow }}
-        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.php == '8.1' }}
-        run: node ./tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js run php ./vendor/bin/phpunit --verbose -c ${{ env.PHPUNIT_CONFIG }} --group ajax
-
-      - name: Run ms-files tests as a multisite install
-        if: ${{ matrix.multisite && ! matrix.split_slow }}
-        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.php == '8.1' }}
-        run: node ./tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js run php ./vendor/bin/phpunit --verbose -c tests/phpunit/multisite.xml --group ms-files
-
-      - name: Run external HTTP tests
-        if: ${{ ! matrix.multisite && ! matrix.split_slow }}
-        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.php == '8.1' }}
-        run: node ./tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js run php ./vendor/bin/phpunit --verbose -c phpunit.xml.dist --group external-http
-
-      # __fakegroup__ is excluded to force PHPUnit to ignore the <exclude> settings in phpunit.xml.dist.
-      - name: Run (xDebug) tests
-        if: ${{ ! matrix.split_slow }}
-        continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.php == '8.1' }}
-        run: LOCAL_PHP_XDEBUG=true node ./tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js run php ./vendor/bin/phpunit -v --group xdebug --exclude-group __fakegroup__
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted
-        run: git diff --exit-code
-
-      - name: Checkout the WordPress Test Reporter
-        if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/trunk' && matrix.report }}
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-        with:
-          repository: 'WordPress/phpunit-test-runner'
-          path: 'test-runner'
-
-      - name: Submit test results to the WordPress.org host test results
-        if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/trunk' && matrix.report }}
-        env:
-          WPT_REPORT_API_KEY: "${{ secrets.WPT_REPORT_API_KEY }}"
-        run: docker-compose run --rm -e WPT_REPORT_API_KEY -e WPT_PREPARE_DIR=/var/www -e WPT_TEST_DIR=/var/www php php test-runner/report.php
+    with:
+      os: ${{ matrix.os }}
+      php: ${{ matrix.php }}
+      db-type: ${{ matrix.db-type }}
+      db-version: ${{ matrix.db-version }}
+      multisite: ${{ matrix.multisite }}
+      memcached: ${{ matrix.memcached }}
+      phpunit-config: ${{ matrix.multisite && 'tests/phpunit/multisite.xml' || 'phpunit.xml.dist' }}
+      report: ${{ matrix.report || false }}
+      allow-errors: ${{ matrix.allow-errors || false }}
 
   slack-notifications:
     name: Slack Notifications
     uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/slack-notifications.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
     needs: [ test-php ]
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && always() }}
     with:
@@ -241,6 +107,8 @@ jobs:
   failed-workflow:
     name: Failed workflow tasks
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: write
     needs: [ test-php, slack-notifications ]
     if: |
       always() &&
@@ -253,7 +121,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Dispatch workflow run
-        uses: actions/github-script@98814c53be79b1d30f795b907e553d8679345975 # v6.4.0
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
         with:
           retries: 2
           retry-exempt-status-codes: 418
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-build-processes.yml b/.github/workflows/test-build-processes.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b3c8e50be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-build-processes.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+name: Test Build Processes
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - trunk
+      - '3.[7-9]'
+      - '[4-9].[0-9]'
+    tags:
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9]'
+      - '[0-9]+.[0-9].[0-9]+'
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - trunk
+      - '3.[7-9]'
+      - '[4-9].[0-9]'
+    paths:
+      # These files configure npm. Changes could affect the outcome.
+      - 'package*.json'
+      # JavaScript files are built using npm.
+      - '**.js'
+      # CSS and SCSS files are built using npm.
+      - '**.scss'
+      - '**.css'
+      # Changes to workflow files should always verify all workflows are successful.
+      - '.github/workflows/**.yml'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+# Cancels all previous workflow runs for pull requests that have not completed.
+concurrency:
+  # The concurrency group contains the workflow name and the branch name for pull requests
+  # or the commit hash for any other events.
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.head_ref || github.sha }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+# Disable permissions for all available scopes by default.
+# Any needed permissions should be configured at the job level.
+permissions: {}
+
+jobs:
+  # Tests the WordPress Core build process on multiple operating systems.
+  test-core-build-process:
+    name: Core running from ${{ matrix.directory }}
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/reusable-test-core-build-process.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: [ ubuntu-latest, windows-latest ]
+        directory: [ 'src', 'build' ]
+        include:
+          # Only prepare artifacts once.
+          - os: ubuntu-latest
+            directory: 'build'
+            prepare-playground: true
+    with:
+      os: ${{ matrix.os }}
+      directory: ${{ matrix.directory }}
+      prepare-playground: ${{ matrix.prepare-playground && matrix.prepare-playground || false }}
+      test-emoji: false
+
+  # Tests the WordPress Core build process on MacOS.
+  #
+  # This is separate from the job above in order to use stricter conditions when determining when to run.
+  # This avoids unintentionally consuming excessive minutes, as MacOS jobs consume minutes at a 10x rate.
+  #
+  # The `matrix` and `runner` contexts are not available for use within `if` expressions. So there is
+  # currently no way to determine the OS being used on a given job.
+  # See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/contexts#context-availability.
+  test-core-build-process-macos:
+    name: Core running from ${{ matrix.directory }}
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/reusable-test-core-build-process.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: [ macos-13 ]
+        directory: [ 'src', 'build' ]
+    with:
+      os: ${{ matrix.os }}
+      directory: ${{ matrix.directory }}
+      test-emoji: false
+
+  slack-notifications:
+    name: Slack Notifications
+    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/slack-notifications.yml@trunk
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
+    needs: [ test-core-build-process, test-core-build-process-macos ]
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && always() }}
+    with:
+      calling_status: ${{ contains( needs.*.result, 'cancelled' ) && 'cancelled' || contains( needs.*.result, 'failure' ) && 'failure' || 'success' }}
+    secrets:
+      SLACK_GHA_SUCCESS_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_SUCCESS_WEBHOOK }}
+      SLACK_GHA_CANCELLED_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_CANCELLED_WEBHOOK }}
+      SLACK_GHA_FIXED_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_FIXED_WEBHOOK }}
+      SLACK_GHA_FAILURE_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_FAILURE_WEBHOOK }}
+
+  failed-workflow:
+    name: Failed workflow tasks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: write
+    needs: [ slack-notifications ]
+    if: |
+      always() &&
+      github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' &&
+      github.event_name != 'pull_request' &&
+      github.run_attempt < 2 &&
+      (
+        contains( needs.*.result, 'cancelled' ) ||
+        contains( needs.*.result, 'failure' )
+      )
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Dispatch workflow run
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          retries: 2
+          retry-exempt-status-codes: 418
+          script: |
+            github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              workflow_id: 'failed-workflow.yml',
+              ref: 'trunk',
+              inputs: {
+                run_id: '${{ github.run_id }}'
+              }
+            });
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-npm.yml b/.github/workflows/test-npm.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 512984d71b..0000000000
--- a/.github/workflows/test-npm.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,208 +0,0 @@
-name: Test npm
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - trunk
-      - '3.[7-9]'
-      - '[4-9].[0-9]'
-    tags:
-      - '[0-9]+.[0-9]'
-      - '[0-9]+.[0-9].[0-9]+'
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - trunk
-      - '3.[7-9]'
-      - '[4-9].[0-9]'
-    paths:
-      # These files configure npm. Changes could affect the outcome.
-      - 'package*.json'
-      # JavaScript files are built using npm.
-      - '**.js'
-      # CSS and SCSS files are built using npm.
-      - '**.scss'
-      - '**.css'
-      # Changes to workflow files should always verify all workflows are successful.
-      - '.github/workflows/**.yml'
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-# Cancels all previous workflow runs for pull requests that have not completed.
-concurrency:
-  # The concurrency group contains the workflow name and the branch name for pull requests
-  # or the commit hash for any other events.
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.head_ref || github.sha }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-env:
-  PUPPETEER_SKIP_CHROMIUM_DOWNLOAD: ${{ true }}
-
-jobs:
-  # Verifies that installing npm dependencies and building WordPress works as expected.
-  #
-  # Performs the following steps:
-  # - Checks out the repository.
-  # - Sets up Node.js.
-  # - Logs debug information about the GitHub Action runner.
-  # - Installs npm dependencies.
-  # - Builds WordPress to run from the `build` directory.
-  # - Cleans up after building WordPress to the `build` directory.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
-  # - Builds WordPress to run from the `src` directory.
-  # - Cleans up after building WordPress to the `src` directory.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
-  test-npm:
-    name: Test npm on ${{ matrix.os }}
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    timeout-minutes: 20
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest, windows-latest ]
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-
-      - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@64ed1c7eab4cce3362f8c340dee64e5eaeef8f7c # v3.6.0
-        with:
-          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          cache: npm
-
-      - name: Log debug information
-        run: |
-          npm --version
-          node --version
-          curl --version
-          git --version
-          svn --version
-
-      - name: Install npm Dependencies
-        run: npm ci
-
-      - name: Build WordPress in /src
-        run: npm run build:dev
-
-      - name: Clean after building in /src
-        run: npm run grunt clean -- --dev
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted during building and cleaning
-        run: git diff --exit-code
-
-      - name: Build WordPress
-        run: npm run build
-
-      - name: Clean after building
-        run: npm run grunt clean
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted during building and cleaning
-        run: git diff --exit-code
-
-  # Verifies that installing npm dependencies and building WordPress works as expected on MacOS.
-  #
-  # This is separate from the job above in order to use stricter conditions about when to run.
-  # This avoids unintentionally consuming excessive minutes, as MacOS jobs consume minutes at a 10x rate.
-  #
-  # The `matrix` and `runner` contexts are not available for use within `if` expressions. So there is
-  # currently no way to determine the OS being used on a given job.
-  # See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/contexts#context-availability.
-  #
-  # Performs the following steps:
-  # - Checks out the repository.
-  # - Sets up Node.js.
-  # - Logs debug information about the GitHub Action runner.
-  # - Installs npm dependencies.
-  # - Builds WordPress to run from the `build` directory.
-  # - Cleans up after building WordPress to the `build` directory.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
-  # - Builds WordPress to run from the `src` directory.
-  # - Cleans up after building WordPress to the `src` directory.
-  # - Ensures version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
-  test-npm-macos:
-    name: Test npm on MacOS
-    runs-on: macos-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@ac593985615ec2ede58e132d2e21d2b1cbd6127c # v3.3.0
-
-      - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@64ed1c7eab4cce3362f8c340dee64e5eaeef8f7c # v3.6.0
-        with:
-          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          cache: npm
-
-      - name: Log debug information
-        run: |
-          npm --version
-          node --version
-          curl --version
-          git --version
-          svn --version
-
-      - name: Install npm Dependencies
-        run: npm ci
-
-      - name: Build WordPress in /src
-        run: npm run build:dev
-
-      - name: Clean after building in /src
-        run: npm run grunt clean -- --dev
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted during building and cleaning
-        run: git diff --exit-code
-
-      - name: Build WordPress
-        run: npm run build
-
-      - name: Clean after building
-        run: npm run grunt clean
-
-      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted during building and cleaning
-        run: git diff --exit-code
-
-  slack-notifications:
-    name: Slack Notifications
-    uses: WordPress/wordpress-develop/.github/workflows/slack-notifications.yml@trunk
-    needs: [ test-npm, test-npm-macos ]
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && always() }}
-    with:
-      calling_status: ${{ needs.test-npm.result == 'success' && needs.test-npm-macos.result == 'success' && 'success' || ( needs.test-npm.result == 'cancelled' || needs.test-npm-macos.result == 'cancelled' ) && 'cancelled' || 'failure' }}
-    secrets:
-      SLACK_GHA_SUCCESS_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_SUCCESS_WEBHOOK }}
-      SLACK_GHA_CANCELLED_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_CANCELLED_WEBHOOK }}
-      SLACK_GHA_FIXED_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_FIXED_WEBHOOK }}
-      SLACK_GHA_FAILURE_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_GHA_FAILURE_WEBHOOK }}
-
-  failed-workflow:
-    name: Failed workflow tasks
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [ test-npm, test-npm-macos, slack-notifications ]
-    if: |
-      always() &&
-      github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' &&
-      github.event_name != 'pull_request' &&
-      github.run_attempt < 2 &&
-      (
-        needs.test-npm.result == 'cancelled' || needs.test-npm.result == 'failure' ||
-        needs.test-npm-macos.result == 'cancelled' || needs.test-npm-macos.result == 'failure'
-      )
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Dispatch workflow run
-        uses: actions/github-script@98814c53be79b1d30f795b907e553d8679345975 # v6.4.0
-        with:
-          retries: 2
-          retry-exempt-status-codes: 418
-          script: |
-            github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
-              owner: context.repo.owner,
-              repo: context.repo.repo,
-              workflow_id: 'failed-workflow.yml',
-              ref: 'trunk',
-              inputs: {
-                run_id: '${{ github.run_id }}'
-              }
-            });
diff --git a/docker-compose.yml b/docker-compose.yml
index 68ac884b7f..db179f91b9 100644
--- a/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-version: '3.7'
-
 services:
 
   ##
@@ -25,7 +23,10 @@ services:
     command: /bin/sh -c "envsubst '$$LOCAL_DIR' < /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.template > /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf && exec nginx -g 'daemon off;'"
 
     depends_on:
-      - php
+      php:
+        condition: service_started
+      mysql:
+        condition: service_healthy
 
   ##
   # The PHP container.
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ services:
 
     environment:
       - LOCAL_PHP_XDEBUG=${LOCAL_PHP_XDEBUG-false}
+      - XDEBUG_MODE=${LOCAL_PHP_XDEBUG_MODE-develop,debug}
       - LOCAL_PHP_MEMCACHED=${LOCAL_PHP_MEMCACHED-false}
       - PHP_FPM_UID=${PHP_FPM_UID-1000}
       - PHP_FPM_GID=${PHP_FPM_GID-1000}
@@ -51,9 +53,6 @@ services:
     # Copy or delete the Memcached dropin plugin file as appropriate.
     command: /bin/sh -c "if [ $LOCAL_PHP_MEMCACHED = true ]; then cp -n /var/www/tests/phpunit/includes/object-cache.php /var/www/src/wp-content/object-cache.php; else rm -f /var/www/src/wp-content/object-cache.php; fi && exec php-fpm"
 
-    depends_on:
-      - mysql
-
     # The init directive ensures the command runs with a PID > 1, so Ctrl+C works correctly.
     init: true
 
@@ -64,7 +63,8 @@ services:
   # The MySQL container.
   ##
   mysql:
-    image: amd64/${LOCAL_DB_TYPE-mysql}:${LOCAL_DB_VERSION-latest}
+    image: ${LOCAL_DB_TYPE-mysql}:${LOCAL_DB_VERSION-latest}
+    platform: linux/amd64
 
     networks:
       - wpdevnet
@@ -82,6 +82,12 @@ services:
     # For compatibility with PHP versions that don't support the caching_sha2_password auth plugin used in MySQL 8.0.
     command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
 
+    healthcheck:
+      test: [ "CMD-SHELL", "if [ \"$LOCAL_DB_TYPE\" = \"mariadb\" ]; then mariadb-admin ping -h localhost; else mysqladmin ping -h localhost; fi" ]
+      timeout: 5s
+      interval: 5s
+      retries: 10
+
   ##
   # The WP CLI container.
   ##
@@ -106,6 +112,12 @@ services:
     extra_hosts:
       - localhost:host-gateway
 
+    depends_on:
+      php:
+        condition: service_started
+      mysql:
+        condition: service_healthy
+
   ##
   # The Memcached container.
   ##
@@ -118,6 +130,10 @@ services:
     ports:
       - 11211:11211
 
+    depends_on:
+      php:
+        condition: service_started
+
 volumes:
   # So that sites aren't wiped every time containers are restarted, MySQL uses a persistent volume.
   mysql: {}
diff --git a/tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js b/tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js
index fed70aeb59..b33fc2b3ed 100644
--- a/tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js
+++ b/tools/local-env/scripts/docker.js
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ const { execSync } = require( 'child_process' );
 
 dotenvExpand.expand( dotenv.config() );
 
-// Execute any docker-compose command passed to this script.
-execSync( 'docker-compose ' + process.argv.slice( 2 ).join( ' ' ), { stdio: 'inherit' } );
+// Execute any docker compose command passed to this script.
+execSync( 'docker compose ' + process.argv.slice( 2 ).join( ' ' ), { stdio: 'inherit' } );
diff --git a/tools/local-env/scripts/install.js b/tools/local-env/scripts/install.js
index c17bbce887..5b57b7ebce 100644
--- a/tools/local-env/scripts/install.js
+++ b/tools/local-env/scripts/install.js
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ wait_on( { resources: [ `tcp:localhost:${process.env.LOCAL_PORT}`] } )
  * @param {string} cmd The WP-CLI command to run.
  */
 function wp_cli( cmd ) {
-	execSync( `docker-compose run --rm cli ${cmd}`, { stdio: 'inherit' } );
+	execSync( `docker compose run --rm cli ${cmd}`, { stdio: 'inherit' } );
 }
 
 /**
@@ -54,6 +54,6 @@ function wp_cli( cmd ) {
 function install_wp_importer() {
 	const testPluginDirectory = 'tests/phpunit/data/plugins/wordpress-importer';
 
-	execSync( `docker-compose exec -T php rm -rf ${testPluginDirectory}`, { stdio: 'inherit' } );
-	execSync( `docker-compose exec -T php git clone https://github.com/WordPress/wordpress-importer.git ${testPluginDirectory} --depth=1`, { stdio: 'inherit' } );
+	execSync( `docker compose exec -T php rm -rf ${testPluginDirectory}`, { stdio: 'inherit' } );
+	execSync( `docker compose exec -T php git clone https://github.com/WordPress/wordpress-importer.git ${testPluginDirectory} --depth=1`, { stdio: 'inherit' } );
 }
diff --git a/tools/local-env/scripts/start.js b/tools/local-env/scripts/start.js
index 83250ab9a4..e1b59e7b8c 100644
--- a/tools/local-env/scripts/start.js
+++ b/tools/local-env/scripts/start.js
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ dotenvExpand.expand( dotenv.config() );
 const containers = ( process.env.LOCAL_PHP_MEMCACHED === 'true' )
 	? 'wordpress-develop memcached'
 	: 'wordpress-develop';
-execSync( `docker-compose up -d -- ${containers}`, { stdio: 'inherit' } );
+execSync( `docker compose up -d -- ${containers}`, { stdio: 'inherit' } );
 
 // If Docker Toolbox is being used, we need to manually forward LOCAL_PORT to the Docker VM.
 if ( process.env.DOCKER_TOOLBOX_INSTALL_PATH ) {