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https://github.com/codeguy/php-the-right-way.git
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Added a new section on Books.
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Phil Sturgeon
@@ -32,7 +32,13 @@
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<nav class="site-navigation">
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<div class="build-date">Last Updated: {{ site.time }}</div>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="/#site-header">Welcome</a></li>
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<li><a href="/#site-header">Welcome</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="/#translations">Translations</a></li>
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<li><a href="/#how_to_contribute">How to Contribute</a></li>
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<li><a href="/#spread_the_word">Spread the Word!</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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{% assign lastIsChild = false %}
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{% for post in site.posts reversed %}
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{% if post.isChild != true %}
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@@ -70,30 +76,29 @@
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<a href="https://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-url="http://www.phptherightway.com/" data-size="large" data-hashtags="php">Tweet</a>
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</header>
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{{ content }}
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<footer class="site-footer" id="site-footer">
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<h2 class="epsilon">Created and maintained by</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://twitter.com/codeguy">Josh Lockhart</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="epsilon">Project collaborators</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://krisjordan.com/">Kris Jordan</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://philsturgeon.co.uk/">Phil Sturgeon</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="epsilon">Project contributors</h2>
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<div id="contributors">Loading…</div>
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<h2 class="epsilon">Project sponsors</h2>
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<ul class="mbd">
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<li><a href="http://www.newmediacampaigns.com">New Media Campaigns</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/3.0/88x31.png" /></a><br /><span xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" href="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text" property="dct:title" rel="dct:type">PHP: The Right Way</span> by <a xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" href="http://www.twitter.com/codeguy" property="cc:attributionName" rel="cc:attributionURL">Josh Lockhart</a> is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License</a>.<br />Based on a work at <a xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" href="http://www.phptherightway.com" rel="dct:source">www.phptherightway.com</a>.
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</p>
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</footer>
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<div id="site-footer">
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<h1 id="site-footer_title">Credits</h1>
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<footer class="site-footer" id="site-footer">
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<h2 class="epsilon">Created and maintained by</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://twitter.com/codeguy">Josh Lockhart</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="epsilon">Project collaborators</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://krisjordan.com/">Kris Jordan</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://philsturgeon.co.uk/">Phil Sturgeon</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="epsilon">Project contributors</h2>
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<div id="contributors">Loading…</div>
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<h2 class="epsilon">Project sponsors</h2>
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<ul class="mbd">
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<li><a href="http://www.newmediacampaigns.com">New Media Campaigns</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/3.0/88x31.png" /></a><br /><span xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" href="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text" property="dct:title" rel="dct:type">PHP: The Right Way</span> by <a xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" href="http://www.twitter.com/codeguy" property="cc:attributionName" rel="cc:attributionURL">Josh Lockhart</a> is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License</a>.<br />Based on a work at <a xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" href="http://www.phptherightway.com" rel="dct:source">www.phptherightway.com</a>.
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</p>
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</footer>
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</div>
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</div>
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<script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs");</script>
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@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ You can install Composer locally (in your current working directory; though this
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This will download `composer.phar` (a PHP binary archive). You can run this with `php` to manage your project dependencies. <strong>Please Note:</strong> If you pipe downloaded code directly into an interpreter, please read the code online first to confirm it is safe.
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#### Installing on Windows
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For Windows users the easiest way to get up and running is to use the [ComposerSetup][6] installer, which performs a global install and sets up your `$PATH` so that you can just call `composer` from any directory in your command line.
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### How to Install Composer (manually)
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Manually installing Composer is an advanced technique; however, there are various reasons why a developer might prefer this method vs. using the interactive installation routine. The interactive installation checks your PHP installation to ensure that:
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@@ -81,4 +84,5 @@ The [Security Advisories Checker][4] is a web service and a command-line tool, b
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[3]: https://www.versioneye.com/
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[4]: https://security.sensiolabs.org/
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[5]: http://getcomposer.org/doc/00-intro.md
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[6]: https://getcomposer.org/Composer-Setup.exe
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141
_posts/05-05-01-PHP-and-UTF8.md
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141
_posts/05-05-01-PHP-and-UTF8.md
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---
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isChild: true
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anchor: php_and_utf8
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---
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## PHP and UTF-8 {#php_and_utf8_title}
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_This section was originally written by [Alex Cabal](https://alexcabal.com/) over at
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[PHP Best Practices](https://phpbestpractices.org/#utf-8) and has now been shared here_.
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### There's no one-liner. Be careful, detailed, and consistent.
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Right now PHP does not support Unicode at a low level. There are ways to ensure that UTF-8 strings are processed OK,
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but it's not easy, and it requires digging in to almost all levels of the web app, from HTML to SQL to PHP. We'll aim
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for a brief, practical summary.
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### UTF-8 at the PHP level
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The basic string operations, like concatenating two strings and assigning strings to variables, don't need anything
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special for UTF-8. However most string functions, like `strpos()` and `strlen()`, do need special consideration. These
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functions often have an `mb_*` counterpart: for example, `mb_strpos()` and `mb_strlen()`. Together, these counterpart
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functions are called the Multibyte String Functions. The multibyte string functions are specifically designed to
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operate on Unicode strings.
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You must use the `mb_*` functions whenever you operate on a Unicode string. For example, if you use `substr()` on a
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UTF-8 string, there's a good chance the result will include some garbled half-characters. The correct function to use
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would be the multibyte counterpart, `mb_substr()`.
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The hard part is remembering to use the `mb_*` functions at all times. If you forget even just once, your Unicode
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string has a chance of being garbled during further processing.
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Not all string functions have an `mb_*` counterpart. If there isn't one for what you want to do, then you might be out
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of luck.
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Additionally, you should use the `mb_internal_encoding()` function at the top of every PHP script you write (or at the
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top of your global include script), and the `mb_http_output()` function right after it if your script is outputting to
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a browser. Explicitly defining the encoding of your strings in every script will save you a lot of headaches down the
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road.
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Finally, many PHP functions that operate on strings have an optional parameter letting you specify the character
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encoding. You should always explicitly indicate UTF-8 when given the option. For example, `htmlentities()` has an
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option for character encoding, and you should always specify UTF-8 if dealing with such strings.
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Note that as of PHP 5.4.0, UTF-8 is the default encoding for `htmlentities()` and `htmlspecialchars()`.
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### UTF-8 at the Database level
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If your PHP script accesses MySQL, there's a chance your strings could be stored as non-UTF-8 strings in the database
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even if you follow all of the precautions above.
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To make sure your strings go from PHP to MySQL as UTF-8, make sure your database and tables are all set to the
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`utf8mb4` character set and collation, and that you use the `utf8mb4` character set in the PDO connection string. See
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example code below. This is _critically important_.
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Note that you must use the `utf8mb4` character set for complete UTF-8 support, not the `utf8` character set! See
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Further Reading for why.
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### UTF-8 at the browser level
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Use the `mb_http_output()` function to ensure that your PHP script outputs UTF-8 strings to your browser. In your HTML,
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include the [charset `<meta>` tag](http://htmlpurifier.org/docs/enduser-utf8.html) in your page's `<head>` tag.
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{% highlight php %}
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<?php
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// Tell PHP that we're using UTF-8 strings until the end of the script
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mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');
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// Tell PHP that we'll be outputting UTF-8 to the browser
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mb_http_output('UTF-8');
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// Our UTF-8 test string
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$string = 'Êl síla erin lû e-govaned vîn.';
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// Transform the string in some way with a multibyte function
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// Note how we cut the string at a non-Ascii character for demonstration purposes
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$string = mb_substr($string, 0, 15);
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// Connect to a database to store the transformed string
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// See the PDO example in this document for more information
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// Note the `set names utf8mb4` commmand!
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$link = new \PDO(
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'mysql:host=your-hostname;dbname=your-db;charset=utf8mb4',
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'your-username',
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'your-password',
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array(
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\PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => \PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
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\PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => false
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)
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);
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// Store our transformed string as UTF-8 in our database
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// Your DB and tables are in the utf8mb4 character set and collation, right?
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$handle = $link->prepare('insert into ElvishSentences (Id, Body) values (?, ?)');
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$handle->bindValue(1, 1, PDO::PARAM_INT);
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$handle->bindValue(2, $string);
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$handle->execute();
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// Retrieve the string we just stored to prove it was stored correctly
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$handle = $link->prepare('select * from ElvishSentences where Id = ?');
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$handle->bindValue(1, 1, PDO::PARAM_INT);
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$handle->execute();
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// Store the result into an object that we'll output later in our HTML
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$result = $handle->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_OBJ);
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?><!doctype html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8" />
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<title>UTF-8 test page</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<?php
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foreach($result as $row){
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print($row->Body); // This should correctly output our transformed UTF-8 string to the browser
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}
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?>
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</body>
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</html>
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{% endhighlight %}
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### Further reading
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* [PHP Manual: String Operations](http://php.net/manual/en/language.operators.string.php)
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* [PHP Manual: String Functions](http://php.net/manual/en/ref.strings.php)
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* [`strpos()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.strpos.php)
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* [`strlen()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.strlen.php)
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* [`substr()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.substr.php)
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* [PHP Manual: Multibyte String Functions](http://php.net/manual/en/ref.mbstring.php)
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* [`mb_strpos()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.mb-strpos.php)
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* [`mb_strlen()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.mb-strlen.php)
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* [`mb_substr()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.mb-substr.php)
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* [`mb_internal_encoding()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.mb-internal-encoding.php)
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* [`mb_http_output()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.mb-http-output.php)
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* [`htmlentities()`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.htmlentities.php)
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* [`htmlspecialchars()`](http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.htmlspecialchars.php)
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* [PHP UTF-8 Cheatsheet](http://blog.loftdigital.com/blog/php-utf-8-cheatsheet)
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* [Stack Overflow: What factors make PHP Unicode-incompatible?](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/571694/what-factors-make-php-unicode-incompatible)
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* [Stack Overflow: Best practices in PHP and MySQL with international strings](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/140728/best-practices-in-php-and-mysql-with-international-strings)
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* [How to support full Unicode in MySQL databases](http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/mysql-utf8mb4)
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* [Brining Unicode to PHP with Portable UTF-8](http://www.sitepoint.com/bringing-unicode-to-php-with-portable-utf8/)
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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---
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isChild: true
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anchor: components
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anchor: books
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---
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## Books {#books_title}
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@@ -10,13 +10,12 @@ longer contain accurate information. There are even books published for "PHP 6"
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which does not exist, any might not now ever exist because of those books.
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This section aims to be a living document for recommended books on PHP
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development in general. Just like with the list of frameworks, there will no
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doubt lots of interest in people adding their own books. Send a PR and see what
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happens.
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development in general. If you would like your book to be added, send a PR and
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it will be reviewed for relevancy.
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### Free Books
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* [PHP The Rght Way](https://leanpub.com/phptherightway/) - This website is
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* [PHP The Right Way](https://leanpub.com/phptherightway/) - This website is
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available as a book completely for free
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### Paid Books
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