mirror of
https://github.com/restoreddev/phpapprentice.git
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Merge pull request #42 from restoreddev/HttpServerChapter
Http server chapter
This commit is contained in:
Andrew
GitHub
@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ button {
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}
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code {
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background-color: #F0F0F0;
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font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
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font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Noto Mono", "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace !important;
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font-size: 14px;
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padding: 0.10em 0.25em;
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}
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pre, pre code {
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background-color: transparent;
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font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
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font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Noto Mono", "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace !important;
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font-size: 14px;
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margin: 0 !important;
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border-radius: 0 !important;
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@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
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<ol>
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<li><a href="<?= page_path('web/http') ?>">HTTP</a></li>
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<li><a href="<?= page_path('web/http-post') ?>">HTTP POST</a></li>
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<li><a href="<?= page_path('web/http-server') ?>">PHP HTTP Server</a></li>
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</ol>
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<a href="<?= page_path('credits') ?>">Credits</a>
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@ -32,5 +32,3 @@ POST requests are used to send data to a server. A server will process the data
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We have been talking a lot about how a server can process requests and send responses. How do programmers develop a server to handle HTTP requests? With PHP!
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PHP was built with web server development in mind. Let us write our first PHP server script.
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58
chapters/web/03-http-server.md
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58
chapters/web/03-http-server.md
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@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
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In PHP, you usually use a separate web server program that accepts HTTP requests and passes them to PHP to create a response. Common examples of separate web server programs are Apache and Nginx. However, PHP has a built in web server we can use during development.
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To use the development web server, open a terminal and a new folder for holding your code. Create a file called `index.php` and put this PHP code in it:
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```php
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<?php
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echo 'Hello World!';
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```
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Go back to your terminal and start a PHP web server using this command:
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```bash
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php -S localhost:8080
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```
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Now, you can open `localhost:8080` in your web browser and you will see 'Hello World!' in the content of the page.
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Next, we can use PHP to analyze all the information about the HTTP request sent from the browser to your PHP script. Change your `index.php` to have this code:
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```php
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<?php
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$method = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
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$uri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
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$protocol = $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'];
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$headers = getallheaders();
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echo "$method $uri $protocol <br/>";
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foreach ($headers as $key => $header) {
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echo "$key: $header <br/>";
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}
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```
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Reload `localhost:8080` and you will see the main request line and all of the headers printed on the web page. The `<br/>` tag is HTML for a new line. Since we are outputting to a web browser, we can no longer use `"\n"` to create a new line.
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By default, PHP will generate the necessary response line and headers. If you open your browser console and open the network tab, you can see the response code and headers.
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```http
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HTTP/1.1 200 OK
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Host: localhost:8080
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Date: Sun, 28 Apr 2019 10:19:25 -0500
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Connection: close
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X-Powered-By: PHP/7.2.17
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Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
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```
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PHP set the response code to `200 OK` and the content type to `text/html`. Even though PHP will output good defaults, we can change them in our code if we want. Update your `index.php` file with this code:
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```php
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<?php
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http_response_code(404);
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header('Content-Type: text/plain');
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echo "Not Found!";
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```
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We are changing the status code to `404 Not Found` and the content type to plain text. If you open `localhost:8080` in your browser, you will now see this HTTP response in your console:
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```http
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HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
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Host: localhost:8080
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Date: Sun, 28 Apr 2019 10:26:40 -0500
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Connection: close
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X-Powered-By: PHP/7.2.17
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Content-type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
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```
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PHP added the other necessary headers for the response, but this time used `404` in the main response line and set the `Content-type` header to `text/plain`.
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@ -165,6 +165,12 @@ return [
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'title' => 'HTTP POST',
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'subtitle' => 'Sending data to a server',
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'previous' => 'web/http',
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'next' => 'web/http-server',
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]),
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Page::create('web/http-server', 'web/03-http-server.md', [
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'title' => 'PHP HTTP Server',
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'subtitle' => 'Handling HTTP Requests in PHP',
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'previous' => 'web/http-post',
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'next' => '',
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]),
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],
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41
package-lock.json
generated
41
package-lock.json
generated
@ -3895,7 +3895,8 @@
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"ansi-regex": {
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"version": "2.1.1",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"aproba": {
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"version": "1.2.0",
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@ -3916,12 +3917,14 @@
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"balanced-match": {
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"version": "1.0.0",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"brace-expansion": {
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"version": "1.1.11",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true,
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"requires": {
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"balanced-match": "^1.0.0",
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"concat-map": "0.0.1"
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@ -3936,17 +3939,20 @@
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"code-point-at": {
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"version": "1.1.0",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"concat-map": {
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"version": "0.0.1",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"console-control-strings": {
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"version": "1.1.0",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"core-util-is": {
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"version": "1.0.2",
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@ -4063,7 +4069,8 @@
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"inherits": {
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"version": "2.0.3",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"ini": {
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"version": "1.3.5",
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@ -4075,6 +4082,7 @@
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"version": "1.0.0",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true,
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"requires": {
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"number-is-nan": "^1.0.0"
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}
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@ -4089,6 +4097,7 @@
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"version": "3.0.4",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true,
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"requires": {
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"brace-expansion": "^1.1.7"
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}
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@ -4096,12 +4105,14 @@
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"minimist": {
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"version": "0.0.8",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"minipass": {
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"version": "2.2.4",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true,
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"requires": {
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"safe-buffer": "^5.1.1",
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"yallist": "^3.0.0"
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@ -4120,6 +4131,7 @@
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"version": "0.5.1",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true,
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"requires": {
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"minimist": "0.0.8"
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}
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@ -4200,7 +4212,8 @@
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"number-is-nan": {
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"version": "1.0.1",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"object-assign": {
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"version": "4.1.1",
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@ -4212,6 +4225,7 @@
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"version": "1.4.0",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true,
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"requires": {
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"wrappy": "1"
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}
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@ -4297,7 +4311,8 @@
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"safe-buffer": {
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"version": "5.1.1",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"safer-buffer": {
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"version": "2.1.2",
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@ -4333,6 +4348,7 @@
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"version": "1.0.2",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true,
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"requires": {
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"code-point-at": "^1.0.0",
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"is-fullwidth-code-point": "^1.0.0",
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@ -4352,6 +4368,7 @@
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"version": "3.0.1",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true,
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"requires": {
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"ansi-regex": "^2.0.0"
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}
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@ -4395,12 +4412,14 @@
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"wrappy": {
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"version": "1.0.2",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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},
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"yallist": {
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"version": "3.0.2",
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"bundled": true,
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"dev": true
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"dev": true,
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"optional": true
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}
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}
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},
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