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Updated tutorials.

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@@ -14,124 +14,124 @@ just what axis is being moved along, and in which direction. It's also a bit ve
frequently used command. For these reasons, BOSL2 provides you with shortcuts for each direction.
These shortcuts are `up()`, `down()`, `fwd()`, `back()`, `left()`, and `right()`:
```openscad
#sphere(d=20);
up(30) sphere(d=20);
#sphere(d=20);
up(30) sphere(d=20);
```
```openscad
#sphere(d=20);
down(30) sphere(d=20);
#sphere(d=20);
down(30) sphere(d=20);
```
```openscad
#sphere(d=20);
fwd(30) sphere(d=20);
#sphere(d=20);
fwd(30) sphere(d=20);
```
```openscad
#sphere(d=20);
back(30) sphere(d=20);
#sphere(d=20);
back(30) sphere(d=20);
```
```openscad
#sphere(d=20);
left(30) sphere(d=20);
#sphere(d=20);
left(30) sphere(d=20);
```
```openscad
#sphere(d=20);
right(30) sphere(d=20);
#sphere(d=20);
right(30) sphere(d=20);
```
There is also a more generic `move()` command that can work just like `translate()`, or you can
specify the motion on each axis more clearly:
```openscad
#sphere(d=20);
move([30,-10]) sphere(d=20);
#sphere(d=20);
move([30,-10]) sphere(d=20);
```
```openscad
#sphere(d=20);
move(x=30,y=10) sphere(d=20);
#sphere(d=20);
move(x=30,y=10) sphere(d=20);
```
## Scaling
The `scale()` command is also fairly simple:
```openscad
scale(2) cube(10, center=true);
scale(2) cube(10, center=true);
```
```openscad
scale([1,2,3]) cube(10, center=true);
scale([1,2,3]) cube(10, center=true);
```
If you want to only change the scaling on one axis, though, BOSL2 provides clearer
commands to do just that; `xscale()`, `yscale()`, and `zscale()`:
```openscad
xscale(2) cube(10, center=true);
xscale(2) cube(10, center=true);
```
```openscad
yscale(2) cube(10, center=true);
yscale(2) cube(10, center=true);
```
```openscad
zscale(2) cube(10, center=true);
zscale(2) cube(10, center=true);
```
## Rotation
The `rotate()` command is fairly straightforward:
```openscad
rotate([0,30,0]) cube(20, center=true);
rotate([0,30,0]) cube(20, center=true);
```
It is also a bit verbose, and can, at a glance, be difficult to tell just how it is rotating.
BOSL2 provides shortcuts for rotating around each axis, for clarity; `xrot()`, `yrot()`, and `zrot()`:
```openscad
xrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
xrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
```
```openscad
yrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
yrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
```
```openscad
zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
```
The `rot()` command is a more generic rotation command, and shorter to type than `rotate()`:
```openscad
rot([0,30,15]) cube(20, center=true);
rot([0,30,15]) cube(20, center=true);
```
All of the rotation shortcuts can take a `cp=` argument, that lets you specify a
centerpoint to rotate around:
```openscad
cp = [0,0,40];
color("blue") move(cp) sphere(d=3);
#cube(20, center=true);
xrot(45, cp=cp) cube(20, center=true);
cp = [0,0,40];
color("blue") move(cp) sphere(d=3);
#cube(20, center=true);
xrot(45, cp=cp) cube(20, center=true);
```
```openscad
cp = [0,0,40];
color("blue") move(cp) sphere(d=3);
#cube(20, center=true);
yrot(45, cp=cp) cube(20, center=true);
cp = [0,0,40];
color("blue") move(cp) sphere(d=3);
#cube(20, center=true);
yrot(45, cp=cp) cube(20, center=true);
```
```openscad
cp = [0,40,0];
color("blue") move(cp) sphere(d=3);
#cube(20, center=true);
zrot(45, cp=cp) cube(20, center=true);
cp = [0,40,0];
color("blue") move(cp) sphere(d=3);
#cube(20, center=true);
zrot(45, cp=cp) cube(20, center=true);
```
You can also do a new trick with it. You can rotate from pointing in one direction, towards another.
You give these directions using vectors:
```openscad
#cylinder(d=10, h=50);
rot(from=[0,0,1], to=[1,0,1]) cylinder(d=10, h=50);
#cylinder(d=10, h=50);
rot(from=[0,0,1], to=[1,0,1]) cylinder(d=10, h=50);
```
There are several direction vectors constants and aliases you can use for clarity:
@@ -150,51 +150,51 @@ Constant | Value | Direction
This lets you rewrite the above vector rotation more clearly as:
```openscad
#cylinder(d=10, h=50);
rot(from=UP, to=UP+RIGHT) cylinder(d=10, h=50);
#cylinder(d=10, h=50);
rot(from=UP, to=UP+RIGHT) cylinder(d=10, h=50);
```
## Mirroring
The standard `mirror()` command works like this:
```openscad
#yrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
mirror([1,0,0]) yrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
#yrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
mirror([1,0,0]) yrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
```
BOSL2 provides shortcuts for mirroring across the standard axes; `xflip()`, `yflip()`, and `zflip()`:
```openscad
#yrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
xflip() yrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
#yrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
xflip() yrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
```
```openscad
#xrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
yflip() xrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
#xrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
yflip() xrot(60) cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
```
```openscad
#cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
zflip() cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
#cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
zflip() cylinder(h=50, d1=20, d2=10);
```
All of the flip commands can offset where the mirroring is performed:
```openscad
#zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
xflip(x=-20) zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
color("blue",0.25) left(20) cube([0.1,50,50], center=true);
#zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
xflip(x=-20) zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
color("blue",0.25) left(20) cube([0.1,50,50], center=true);
```
```openscad
#zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
yflip(y=20) zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
color("blue",0.25) back(20) cube([40,0.1,40], center=true);
#zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
yflip(y=20) zrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
color("blue",0.25) back(20) cube([40,0.1,40], center=true);
```
```openscad
#xrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
zflip(z=-20) xrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
color("blue",0.25) down(20) cube([40,40,0.1], center=true);
#xrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
zflip(z=-20) xrot(30) cube(20, center=true);
color("blue",0.25) down(20) cube([40,40,0.1], center=true);
```