Update to v091 release.

byuu says:

A few issues crept up in the last release, this should take care of
them.

First, it seems that the 32-bit runtime on 64-bit versions of Windows
have 64-bit time functions; whereas true 32-bit Windows does not. This
was causing a DLL error when attempting to load bsnes v090.

Second, when there were more than 2,000 files in the same folder on
Windows, it was lagging the file browser. With OV2's help, I've fixed
that and it'll now load the list instantly.

Lastly, I've included the missing video shaders this time.

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+purify/*.o
+purify/purify
+purify/analyze-gba

bsnes/Makefile

@@ -1,35 +1,59 @@
 include nall/Makefile
-snes := snes
-profile := compatibility
-ui := qt
+
+fc  := fc
+sfc := sfc
+gb  := gb
+gba := gba
+nds := nds
+
+profile := accuracy
+target  := ethos
+
+# options += debugger
+# arch := win32
+# console := true
 
 # compiler
 c       := $(compiler) -std=gnu99
 cpp     := $(subst cc,++,$(compiler)) -std=gnu++0x
-flags   := -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -I. -I$(snes)
-link    :=
-objects :=
+flags   := -I. -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer
+link    := -s
+objects := libco
 
-# profile-guided instrumentation
-# flags += -fprofile-generate
-# link += -lgcov
+# profile-guided optimization mode
+# pgo := instrument
+# pgo := optimize
 
-# profile-guided optimization
-# flags += -fprofile-use
+ifeq ($(pgo),instrument)
+  flags += -fprofile-generate
+  link += -lgcov
+else ifeq ($(pgo),optimize)
+  flags += -fprofile-use
+endif
 
 # platform
 ifeq ($(platform),x)
-  link += -s -ldl -lX11 -lXext
+  flags += -march=native
+  link += -ldl -lX11 -lXext
 else ifeq ($(platform),osx)
 else ifeq ($(platform),win)
-  link += -mwindows
-# link += -mconsole
-  link += -mthreads -s -luuid -lkernel32 -luser32 -lgdi32 -lshell32
-  link += -enable-stdcall-fixup -Wl,-enable-auto-import -Wl,-enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc
+  ifeq ($(arch),win32)
+    flags += -m32
+    link += -m32
+  endif
+  ifeq ($(console),true)
+    link += -mconsole
+  else
+    link += -mwindows
+  endif
+  link += -mthreads -luuid -lkernel32 -luser32 -lgdi32 -lcomctl32 -lcomdlg32 -lshell32 -lole32
+  link += -Wl,-enable-auto-import -Wl,-enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc
 else
   unknown_platform: help;
 endif
 
+ui := target-$(target)
+
 # implicit rules
 compile = \
   $(strip \
@@ -45,35 +69,13 @@ compile = \
 
 all: build;
 
-include $(snes)/Makefile
-include $(ui)/Makefile
+obj/libco.o: libco/libco.c libco/*
 
-objects := $(patsubst %,obj/%.o,$(objects))
+include $(ui)/Makefile
+flags := $(flags) $(foreach o,$(call strupper,$(options)),-D$o)
 
 # targets
-build: ui_build $(objects)
-ifeq ($(platform),osx)
-	test -d ../bsnes-$(profile).app || mkdir -p ../bsnes-$(profile).app/Contents/MacOS
-	$(strip $(cpp) -o ../bsnes-$(profile).app/Contents/MacOS/bsnes-$(profile) $(objects) $(link))
-else
-	$(strip $(cpp) -o out/bsnes-$(profile) $(objects) $(link))
-endif
-
-install:
-ifeq ($(platform),x)
-	install -D -m 755 out/bsnes-$(profile) $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/bin/bsnes-$(profile)
-	install -D -m 644 qt/data/bsnes.png $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/share/pixmaps/bsnes.png
-	install -D -m 644 qt/data/bsnes.desktop $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/share/applications/bsnes.desktop
-endif
-
-uninstall:
-ifeq ($(platform),x)
-	rm $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/bin/bsnes-$(profile)
-	rm $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/share/pixmaps/bsnes.png
-	rm $(DESTDIR)$(prefix)/share/applications/bsnes.desktop
-endif
-
-clean: ui_clean
+clean:
 	-@$(call delete,obj/*.o)
 	-@$(call delete,obj/*.a)
 	-@$(call delete,obj/*.so)
@@ -86,7 +88,24 @@ clean: ui_clean
 	-@$(call delete,*.pdb)
 	-@$(call delete,*.manifest)
 
-archive-all:
-	tar -cjf bsnes-`date +%Y%m%d`.tar.bz2 launcher libco nall obj out qt ruby snes Makefile sync.sh cc.bat clean.bat
+sync:
+	if [ -d ./libco ]; then rm -r ./libco; fi
+	if [ -d ./nall ]; then rm -r ./nall; fi
+	if [ -d ./ruby ]; then rm -r ./ruby; fi
+	if [ -d ./phoenix ]; then rm -r ./phoenix; fi
+	cp -r ../libco ./libco
+	cp -r ../nall ./nall
+	cp -r ../ruby ./ruby
+	cp -r ../phoenix ./phoenix
+	rm -r libco/doc
+	rm -r libco/test
+	rm -r nall/test
+	rm -r ruby/_test
+	rm -r phoenix/nall
+	rm -r phoenix/test
+
+archive:
+	if [ -f bsnes.tar.xz ]; then rm bsnes.tar.xz; fi
+	tar -cJf bsnes.tar.xz `ls`
 
 help:;

bsnes/cc.bat

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-@mingw32-make -j 2
-@pause

bsnes/clean.bat

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-@mingw32-make clean

bsnes/data/bsnes.Manifest

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
+  <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="bsnes" version="1.0.0.0" processorArchitecture="*"/>
+  <dependency>
+    <dependentAssembly>
+      <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls" version="6.0.0.0" processorArchitecture="*" publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df" language="*"/>
+    </dependentAssembly>
+  </dependency>
+</assembly>

bsnes/emulator/emulator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+#ifndef EMULATOR_HPP
+#define EMULATOR_HPP
+
+namespace Emulator {
+  static const char Name[] = "bsnes";
+  static const char Version[] = "091";
+  static const char Author[] = "byuu";
+  static const char License[] = "GPLv3";
+}
+
+#include <nall/platform.hpp>
+#include <nall/algorithm.hpp>
+#include <nall/directory.hpp>
+#include <nall/dl.hpp>
+#include <nall/dsp.hpp>
+#include <nall/endian.hpp>
+#include <nall/file.hpp>
+#include <nall/function.hpp>
+#include <nall/priority-queue.hpp>
+#include <nall/property.hpp>
+#include <nall/random.hpp>
+#include <nall/serializer.hpp>
+#include <nall/sha256.hpp>
+#include <nall/stdint.hpp>
+#include <nall/string.hpp>
+#include <nall/utility.hpp>
+#include <nall/varint.hpp>
+#include <nall/vector.hpp>
+#include <nall/stream/memory.hpp>
+#include <nall/stream/vector.hpp>
+using namespace nall;
+
+#include "interface.hpp"
+
+//debugging function hook:
+//no overhead (and no debugger invocation) if not compiled with -DDEBUGGER
+//wraps testing of function to allow invocation without a defined callback
+template<typename T> struct hook;
+template<typename R, typename... P> struct hook<R (P...)> {
+  function<R (P...)> callback;
+
+  R operator()(P... p) const {
+    #if defined(DEBUGGER)
+    if(callback) return callback(std::forward<P>(p)...);
+    #endif
+    return R();
+  }
+
+  hook() {}
+  hook(const hook &hook) { callback = hook.callback; }
+  hook(void *function) { callback = function; }
+  hook(R (*function)(P...)) { callback = function; }
+  template<typename C> hook(R (C::*function)(P...), C *object) { callback = {function, object}; }
+  template<typename C> hook(R (C::*function)(P...) const, C *object) { callback = {function, object}; }
+  template<typename L> hook(const L& function) { callback = function; }
+
+  hook& operator=(const hook& hook) { callback = hook.callback; return *this; }
+};
+
+#if defined(DEBUGGER)
+  #define privileged public
+#else
+  #define privileged private
+#endif
+
+typedef  int1_t  int1;
+typedef  int2_t  int2;
+typedef  int3_t  int3;
+typedef  int4_t  int4;
+typedef  int5_t  int5;
+typedef  int6_t  int6;
+typedef  int7_t  int7;
+typedef  int8_t  int8;
+typedef  int9_t  int9;
+typedef int10_t int10;
+typedef int11_t int11;
+typedef int12_t int12;
+typedef int13_t int13;
+typedef int14_t int14;
+typedef int15_t int15;
+typedef int16_t int16;
+typedef int17_t int17;
+typedef int18_t int18;
+typedef int19_t int19;
+typedef int20_t int20;
+typedef int21_t int21;
+typedef int22_t int22;
+typedef int23_t int23;
+typedef int24_t int24;
+typedef int25_t int25;
+typedef int26_t int26;
+typedef int27_t int27;
+typedef int28_t int28;
+typedef int29_t int29;
+typedef int30_t int30;
+typedef int31_t int31;
+typedef int32_t int32;
+typedef int64_t int64;
+
+typedef  uint1_t  uint1;
+typedef  uint2_t  uint2;
+typedef  uint3_t  uint3;
+typedef  uint4_t  uint4;
+typedef  uint5_t  uint5;
+typedef  uint6_t  uint6;
+typedef  uint7_t  uint7;
+typedef  uint8_t  uint8;
+typedef  uint9_t  uint9;
+typedef uint10_t uint10;
+typedef uint11_t uint11;
+typedef uint12_t uint12;
+typedef uint13_t uint13;
+typedef uint14_t uint14;
+typedef uint15_t uint15;
+typedef uint16_t uint16;
+typedef uint17_t uint17;
+typedef uint18_t uint18;
+typedef uint19_t uint19;
+typedef uint20_t uint20;
+typedef uint21_t uint21;
+typedef uint22_t uint22;
+typedef uint23_t uint23;
+typedef uint24_t uint24;
+typedef uint25_t uint25;
+typedef uint26_t uint26;
+typedef uint27_t uint27;
+typedef uint28_t uint28;
+typedef uint29_t uint29;
+typedef uint30_t uint30;
+typedef uint31_t uint31;
+typedef uint32_t uint32;
+typedef uint_t<33> uint33;
+typedef uint64_t uint64;
+
+typedef varuint_t<unsigned> varuint;
+
+#endif

bsnes/emulator/interface.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#ifndef EMULATOR_INTERFACE_HPP
+#define EMULATOR_INTERFACE_HPP
+
+namespace Emulator {
+
+struct Interface {
+  struct Information {
+    string name;
+    unsigned width;
+    unsigned height;
+    bool overscan;
+    double aspectRatio;
+    bool resettable;
+    struct Capability {
+      bool states;
+      bool cheats;
+    } capability;
+  } information;
+
+  struct Media {
+    unsigned id;
+    string name;
+    string type;
+    string load;
+  };
+
+  vector<Media> media;
+
+  struct Device {
+    unsigned id;
+    unsigned portmask;
+    string name;
+    struct Input {
+      unsigned id;
+      unsigned type;  //0 = digital, 1 = analog (relative), 2 = analog (absolute)
+      string name;
+      unsigned guid;
+    };
+    vector<Input> input;
+    vector<unsigned> order;
+  };
+
+  struct Port {
+    unsigned id;
+    string name;
+    vector<Device> device;
+  };
+  vector<Port> port;
+
+  struct Bind {
+    virtual void loadRequest(unsigned, const string&, const string&) {}
+    virtual void loadRequest(unsigned, const string&) {}
+    virtual void saveRequest(unsigned, const string&) {}
+    virtual uint32_t videoColor(unsigned, uint16_t, uint16_t, uint16_t) { return 0u; }
+    virtual void videoRefresh(const uint32_t*, unsigned, unsigned, unsigned) {}
+    virtual void audioSample(int16_t, int16_t) {}
+    virtual int16_t inputPoll(unsigned, unsigned, unsigned) { return 0; }
+    virtual unsigned dipSettings(const XML::Node&) { return 0; }
+    virtual string path(unsigned) { return ""; }
+    virtual void notify(const string &text) { print(text, "\n"); }
+  } *bind;
+
+  //callback bindings (provided by user interface)
+  void loadRequest(unsigned id, const string &name, const string &type) { return bind->loadRequest(id, name, type); }
+  void loadRequest(unsigned id, const string &path) { return bind->loadRequest(id, path); }
+  void saveRequest(unsigned id, const string &path) { return bind->saveRequest(id, path); }
+  uint32_t videoColor(unsigned source, uint16_t red, uint16_t green, uint16_t blue) { return bind->videoColor(source, red, green, blue); }
+  void videoRefresh(const uint32_t *data, unsigned pitch, unsigned width, unsigned height) { return bind->videoRefresh(data, pitch, width, height); }
+  void audioSample(int16_t lsample, int16_t rsample) { return bind->audioSample(lsample, rsample); }
+  int16_t inputPoll(unsigned port, unsigned device, unsigned input) { return bind->inputPoll(port, device, input); }
+  unsigned dipSettings(const XML::Node &node) { return bind->dipSettings(node); }
+  string path(unsigned group) { return bind->path(group); }
+  template<typename... Args> void notify(Args&... args) { return bind->notify({std::forward<Args>(args)...}); }
+
+  //information
+  virtual double videoFrequency() = 0;
+  virtual double audioFrequency() = 0;
+
+  //media interface
+  virtual bool loaded() { return false; }
+  virtual string sha256() { return ""; }
+  virtual unsigned group(unsigned id) = 0;
+  virtual void load(unsigned id, const string &manifest) {}
+  virtual void save() {}
+  virtual void load(unsigned id, const stream &memory, const string &markup = "") {}
+  virtual void save(unsigned id, const stream &memory) {}
+  virtual void unload() {}
+
+  //system interface
+  virtual void connect(unsigned port, unsigned device) {}
+  virtual void power() {}
+  virtual void reset() {}
+  virtual void run() {}
+
+  //time functions
+  virtual bool rtc() { return false; }
+  virtual void rtcsync() {}
+
+  //state functions
+  virtual serializer serialize() = 0;
+  virtual bool unserialize(serializer&) = 0;
+
+  //cheat functions
+  virtual void cheatSet(const lstring& = lstring{}) {}
+
+  //utility functions
+  virtual void paletteUpdate() {}
+
+  //debugger functions
+  virtual bool tracerEnable(bool) { return false; }
+  virtual void exportMemory() {}
+
+  Interface() : bind(nullptr) {}
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif

bsnes/fc/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+fc_objects := fc-interface fc-system fc-scheduler fc-input
+fc_objects += fc-memory fc-cartridge fc-cpu fc-apu fc-ppu
+fc_objects += fc-cheat fc-video
+objects += $(fc_objects)
+
+obj/fc-interface.o: $(fc)/interface/interface.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/interface/)
+obj/fc-system.o: $(fc)/system/system.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/system/)
+obj/fc-scheduler.o: $(fc)/scheduler/scheduler.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/scheduler/)
+obj/fc-input.o: $(fc)/input/input.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/input/)
+obj/fc-memory.o: $(fc)/memory/memory.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/memory/)
+obj/fc-cartridge.o: $(fc)/cartridge/cartridge.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/cartridge/)
+obj/fc-cpu.o: $(fc)/cpu/cpu.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/cpu/)
+obj/fc-apu.o: $(fc)/apu/apu.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/apu/)
+obj/fc-ppu.o: $(fc)/ppu/ppu.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/ppu/)
+obj/fc-cheat.o: $(fc)/cheat/cheat.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/cheat/)
+obj/fc-video.o: $(fc)/video/video.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(fc)/video/)

bsnes/fc/apu/apu.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+#include "envelope.cpp"
+#include "sweep.cpp"
+#include "pulse.cpp"
+#include "triangle.cpp"
+#include "noise.cpp"
+#include "dmc.cpp"
+#include "serialization.cpp"
+APU apu;
+
+const uint8 APU::length_counter_table[32] = {
+  0x0a, 0xfe, 0x14, 0x02, 0x28, 0x04, 0x50, 0x06, 0xa0, 0x08, 0x3c, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x0c, 0x1a, 0x0e,
+  0x0c, 0x10, 0x18, 0x12, 0x30, 0x14, 0x60, 0x16, 0xc0, 0x18, 0x48, 0x1a, 0x10, 0x1c, 0x20, 0x1e,
+};
+
+const uint16 APU::ntsc_noise_period_table[16] = {
+  4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 202, 254, 380, 508, 762, 1016, 2034, 4068,
+};
+
+const uint16 APU::pal_noise_period_table[16] = {
+  4, 7, 14, 30, 60, 88, 118, 148, 188, 236, 354, 472, 708,  944, 1890, 3778,
+};
+
+const uint16 APU::ntsc_dmc_period_table[16] = {
+  428, 380, 340, 320, 286, 254, 226, 214, 190, 160, 142, 128, 106, 84, 72, 54,
+};
+
+const uint16 APU::pal_dmc_period_table[16] = {
+  398, 354, 316, 298, 276, 236, 210, 198, 176, 148, 132, 118,  98, 78, 66, 50,
+};
+
+void APU::Main() {
+  apu.main();
+}
+
+void APU::main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    unsigned pulse_output, triangle_output, noise_output, dmc_output;
+
+    pulse_output  = pulse[0].clock();
+    pulse_output += pulse[1].clock();
+    triangle_output = triangle.clock();
+    noise_output = noise.clock();
+    dmc_output = dmc.clock();
+
+    clock_frame_counter_divider();
+
+    signed output = pulse_dac[pulse_output] + dmc_triangle_noise_dac[dmc_output][triangle_output][noise_output];
+
+    output  = filter.run_hipass_strong(output);
+    output += cartridge_sample;
+    output  = filter.run_hipass_weak(output);
+  //output  = filter.run_lopass(output);
+    output  = sclamp<16>(output);
+
+    interface->audioSample(output, output);
+
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::tick() {
+  clock += 12;
+  if(clock >= 0 && scheduler.sync != Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) co_switch(cpu.thread);
+}
+
+void APU::set_irq_line() {
+  cpu.set_irq_apu_line(frame.irq_pending || dmc.irq_pending);
+}
+
+void APU::set_sample(int16 sample) {
+  cartridge_sample = sample;
+}
+
+void APU::power() {
+  filter.hipass_strong = 0;
+  filter.hipass_weak = 0;
+  filter.lopass = 0;
+
+  pulse[0].power();
+  pulse[1].power();
+  triangle.power();
+  noise.power();
+  dmc.power();
+}
+
+void APU::reset() {
+  create(APU::Main, 21477272);
+
+  pulse[0].reset();
+  pulse[1].reset();
+  triangle.reset();
+  noise.reset();
+  dmc.reset();
+
+  frame.irq_pending = 0;
+
+  frame.mode = 0;
+  frame.counter = 0;
+  frame.divider = 1;
+
+  enabled_channels = 0;
+  cartridge_sample = 0;
+
+  set_irq_line();
+}
+
+uint8 APU::read(uint16 addr) {
+  if(addr == 0x4015) {
+    uint8 result = 0x00;
+    result |= pulse[0].length_counter ? 0x01 : 0;
+    result |= pulse[1].length_counter ? 0x02 : 0;
+    result |= triangle.length_counter ? 0x04 : 0;
+    result |=    noise.length_counter ? 0x08 : 0;
+    result |=      dmc.length_counter ? 0x10 : 0;
+    result |=       frame.irq_pending ? 0x40 : 0;
+    result |=         dmc.irq_pending ? 0x80 : 0;
+
+    frame.irq_pending = false;
+    set_irq_line();
+
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void APU::write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  const unsigned n = (addr >> 2) & 1;  //pulse#
+
+  switch(addr) {
+  case 0x4000: case 0x4004:
+    pulse[n].duty = data >> 6;
+    pulse[n].envelope.loop_mode = data & 0x20;
+    pulse[n].envelope.use_speed_as_volume = data & 0x10;
+    pulse[n].envelope.speed = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4001: case 0x4005:
+    pulse[n].sweep.enable = data & 0x80;
+    pulse[n].sweep.period = (data & 0x70) >> 4;
+    pulse[n].sweep.decrement = data & 0x08;
+    pulse[n].sweep.shift = data & 0x07;
+    pulse[n].sweep.reload = true;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4002: case 0x4006:
+    pulse[n].period = (pulse[n].period & 0x0700) | (data << 0);
+    pulse[n].sweep.pulse_period = (pulse[n].sweep.pulse_period & 0x0700) | (data << 0);
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4003: case 0x4007:
+    pulse[n].period = (pulse[n].period & 0x00ff) | (data << 8);
+    pulse[n].sweep.pulse_period = (pulse[n].sweep.pulse_period & 0x00ff) | (data << 8);
+
+    pulse[n].duty_counter = 7;
+    pulse[n].envelope.reload_decay = true;
+
+    if(enabled_channels & (1 << n)) {
+      pulse[n].length_counter = length_counter_table[(data >> 3) & 0x1f];
+    }
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4008:
+    triangle.halt_length_counter = data & 0x80;
+    triangle.linear_length = data & 0x7f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x400a:
+    triangle.period = (triangle.period & 0x0700) | (data << 0);
+    break;
+
+  case 0x400b:
+    triangle.period = (triangle.period & 0x00ff) | (data << 8);
+
+    triangle.reload_linear = true;
+
+    if(enabled_channels & (1 << 2)) {
+      triangle.length_counter = length_counter_table[(data >> 3) & 0x1f];
+    }
+    break;
+
+  case 0x400c:
+    noise.envelope.loop_mode = data & 0x20;
+    noise.envelope.use_speed_as_volume = data & 0x10;
+    noise.envelope.speed = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x400e:
+    noise.short_mode = data & 0x80;
+    noise.period = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x400f:
+    noise.envelope.reload_decay = true;
+
+    if(enabled_channels & (1 << 3)) {
+      noise.length_counter = length_counter_table[(data >> 3) & 0x1f];
+    }
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4010:
+    dmc.irq_enable = data & 0x80;
+    dmc.loop_mode = data & 0x40;
+    dmc.period = data & 0x0f;
+
+    dmc.irq_pending = dmc.irq_pending && dmc.irq_enable && !dmc.loop_mode;
+    set_irq_line();
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4011:
+    dmc.dac_latch = data & 0x7f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4012:
+    dmc.addr_latch = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4013:
+    dmc.length_latch = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4015:
+    if((data & 0x01) == 0) pulse[0].length_counter = 0;
+    if((data & 0x02) == 0) pulse[1].length_counter = 0;
+    if((data & 0x04) == 0) triangle.length_counter = 0;
+    if((data & 0x08) == 0)    noise.length_counter = 0;
+
+    (data & 0x10) ? dmc.start() : dmc.stop();
+    dmc.irq_pending = false;
+
+    set_irq_line();
+    enabled_channels = data & 0x1f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x4017:
+    frame.mode = data >> 6;
+
+    frame.counter = 0;
+    if(frame.mode & 2) clock_frame_counter();
+    if(frame.mode & 1) {
+      frame.irq_pending = false;
+      set_irq_line();
+    }
+    frame.divider = FrameCounter::NtscPeriod;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+signed APU::Filter::run_hipass_strong(signed sample) {
+  hipass_strong += ((((int64)sample << 16) - (hipass_strong >> 16)) * HiPassStrong) >> 16;
+  return sample - (hipass_strong >> 32);
+}
+
+signed APU::Filter::run_hipass_weak(signed sample) {
+  hipass_weak += ((((int64)sample << 16) - (hipass_weak >> 16)) * HiPassWeak) >> 16;
+  return sample - (hipass_weak >> 32);
+}
+
+signed APU::Filter::run_lopass(signed sample) {
+  lopass += ((((int64)sample << 16) - (lopass >> 16)) * LoPass) >> 16;
+  return (lopass >> 32);
+}
+
+void APU::clock_frame_counter() {
+  frame.counter++;
+
+  if(frame.counter & 1) {
+    pulse[0].clock_length();
+    pulse[0].sweep.clock(0);
+    pulse[1].clock_length();
+    pulse[1].sweep.clock(1);
+    triangle.clock_length();
+    noise.clock_length();
+  }
+
+  pulse[0].envelope.clock();
+  pulse[1].envelope.clock();
+  triangle.clock_linear_length();
+  noise.envelope.clock();
+
+  if(frame.counter == 0) {
+    if(frame.mode & 2) frame.divider += FrameCounter::NtscPeriod;
+    if(frame.mode == 0) {
+      frame.irq_pending = true;
+      set_irq_line();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::clock_frame_counter_divider() {
+  frame.divider -= 2;
+  if(frame.divider <= 0) {
+    clock_frame_counter();
+    frame.divider += FrameCounter::NtscPeriod;
+  }
+}
+
+APU::APU() {
+  for(unsigned amp = 0; amp < 32; amp++) {
+    if(amp == 0) {
+      pulse_dac[amp] = 0;
+    } else {
+      pulse_dac[amp] = 16384.0 * 95.88 / (8128.0 / amp + 100.0);
+    }
+  }
+
+  for(unsigned dmc_amp = 0; dmc_amp < 128; dmc_amp++) {
+    for(unsigned triangle_amp = 0; triangle_amp < 16; triangle_amp++) {
+      for(unsigned noise_amp = 0; noise_amp < 16; noise_amp++) {
+        if(dmc_amp == 0 && triangle_amp == 0 && noise_amp == 0) {
+          dmc_triangle_noise_dac[dmc_amp][triangle_amp][noise_amp] = 0;
+        } else {
+          dmc_triangle_noise_dac[dmc_amp][triangle_amp][noise_amp]
+          = 16384.0 * 159.79 / (100.0 + 1.0 / (triangle_amp / 8227.0 + noise_amp / 12241.0 + dmc_amp / 22638.0));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/apu/apu.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+struct APU : Thread {
+  static void Main();
+  void main();
+  void tick();
+  void set_irq_line();
+  void set_sample(int16 sample);
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+
+  uint8 read(uint16 addr);
+  void write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+  APU();
+
+  struct Filter {
+    enum : signed { HiPassStrong = 225574, HiPassWeak = 57593, LoPass = 86322413 };
+
+    int64 hipass_strong;
+    int64 hipass_weak;
+    int64 lopass;
+
+    signed run_hipass_strong(signed sample);
+    signed run_hipass_weak(signed sample);
+    signed run_lopass(signed sample);
+    void serialize(serializer&);
+  } filter;
+
+  #include "envelope.hpp"
+  #include "sweep.hpp"
+  #include "pulse.hpp"
+  #include "triangle.hpp"
+  #include "noise.hpp"
+  #include "dmc.hpp"
+
+  struct FrameCounter {
+    enum : unsigned { NtscPeriod = 14915 };  //~(21.477MHz / 6 / 240hz)
+
+    bool irq_pending;
+
+    uint2 mode;
+    uint2 counter;
+    signed divider;
+
+    void serialize(serializer&);
+  } frame;
+
+  void clock_frame_counter();
+  void clock_frame_counter_divider();
+
+  uint8 enabled_channels;
+  int16 cartridge_sample;
+
+  int16 pulse_dac[32];
+  int16 dmc_triangle_noise_dac[128][16][16];
+
+  static const uint8 length_counter_table[32];
+  static const uint16 ntsc_dmc_period_table[16];
+  static const uint16 pal_dmc_period_table[16];
+  static const uint16 ntsc_noise_period_table[16];
+  static const uint16 pal_noise_period_table[16];
+};
+
+extern APU apu;

bsnes/fc/apu/dmc.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+void APU::DMC::start() {
+  if(length_counter == 0) {
+    read_addr = 0x4000 + (addr_latch << 6);
+    length_counter = (length_latch << 4) + 1;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::DMC::stop() {
+  length_counter = 0;
+  dma_delay_counter = 0;
+  cpu.set_rdy_line(1);
+  cpu.set_rdy_addr({ false, 0u });
+}
+
+uint8 APU::DMC::clock() {
+  uint8 result = dac_latch;
+
+  if(dma_delay_counter > 0) {
+    dma_delay_counter--;
+
+    if(dma_delay_counter == 1) {
+      cpu.set_rdy_addr({ true, uint16(0x8000 | read_addr) });
+    } else if(dma_delay_counter == 0) {
+      cpu.set_rdy_line(1);
+      cpu.set_rdy_addr({ false, 0u });
+
+      dma_buffer = cpu.mdr();
+      have_dma_buffer = true;
+      length_counter--;
+      read_addr++;
+
+      if(length_counter == 0) {
+        if(loop_mode) {
+          start();
+        } else if(irq_enable) {
+          irq_pending = true;
+          apu.set_irq_line();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if(--period_counter == 0) {
+    if(have_sample) {
+      signed delta = (((sample >> bit_counter) & 1) << 2) - 2;
+      unsigned data = dac_latch + delta;
+      if((data & 0x80) == 0) dac_latch = data;
+    }
+
+    if(++bit_counter == 0) {
+      if(have_dma_buffer) {
+        have_sample = true;
+        sample = dma_buffer;
+        have_dma_buffer = false;
+      } else {
+        have_sample = false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    period_counter = ntsc_dmc_period_table[period];
+  }
+
+  if(length_counter > 0 && have_dma_buffer == false && dma_delay_counter == 0) {
+    cpu.set_rdy_line(0);
+    dma_delay_counter = 4;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+void APU::DMC::power() {
+}
+
+void APU::DMC::reset() {
+  length_counter = 0;
+  irq_pending = 0;
+
+  period = 0;
+  period_counter = ntsc_dmc_period_table[0];
+  irq_enable = 0;
+  loop_mode = 0;
+  dac_latch = 0;
+  addr_latch = 0;
+  length_latch = 0;
+  read_addr = 0;
+  dma_delay_counter = 0;
+  bit_counter = 0;
+  have_dma_buffer = 0;
+  dma_buffer = 0;
+  have_sample = 0;
+  sample = 0;
+}
+
+void APU::DMC::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(length_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_pending);
+
+  s.integer(period);
+  s.integer(period_counter);
+
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(loop_mode);
+
+  s.integer(dac_latch);
+  s.integer(addr_latch);
+  s.integer(length_latch);
+
+  s.integer(read_addr);
+  s.integer(dma_delay_counter);
+
+  s.integer(bit_counter);
+  s.integer(have_dma_buffer);
+  s.integer(dma_buffer);
+
+  s.integer(have_sample);
+  s.integer(sample);
+}

bsnes/fc/apu/dmc.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+struct DMC {
+  unsigned length_counter;
+  bool irq_pending;
+
+  uint4 period;
+  unsigned period_counter;
+
+  bool irq_enable;
+  bool loop_mode;
+
+  uint8 dac_latch;
+  uint8 addr_latch;
+  uint8 length_latch;
+
+  uint15 read_addr;
+  unsigned dma_delay_counter;
+
+  uint3 bit_counter;
+  bool have_dma_buffer;
+  uint8 dma_buffer;
+
+  bool have_sample;
+  uint8 sample;
+
+  void start();
+  void stop();
+  uint8 clock();
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+} dmc;

bsnes/fc/apu/envelope.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+unsigned APU::Envelope::volume() const {
+  return use_speed_as_volume ? speed : decay_volume;
+}
+
+void APU::Envelope::clock() {
+  if(reload_decay) {
+    reload_decay = false;
+    decay_volume = 0x0f;
+    decay_counter = speed + 1;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if(--decay_counter == 0) {
+    decay_counter = speed + 1;
+    if(decay_volume || loop_mode) decay_volume--;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Envelope::power() {
+}
+
+void APU::Envelope::reset() {
+  speed = 0;
+  use_speed_as_volume = 0;
+  loop_mode = 0;
+  reload_decay = 0;
+  decay_counter = 0;
+  decay_volume = 0;
+}
+
+void APU::Envelope::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(speed);
+  s.integer(use_speed_as_volume);
+  s.integer(loop_mode);
+
+  s.integer(reload_decay);
+  s.integer(decay_counter);
+  s.integer(decay_volume);
+}

bsnes/fc/apu/envelope.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+struct Envelope {
+  uint4 speed;
+  bool use_speed_as_volume;
+  bool loop_mode;
+
+  bool reload_decay;
+  uint8 decay_counter;
+  uint4 decay_volume;
+
+  unsigned volume() const;
+  void clock();
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+};

bsnes/fc/apu/noise.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+void APU::Noise::clock_length() {
+  if(envelope.loop_mode == 0) {
+    if(length_counter > 0) length_counter--;
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 APU::Noise::clock() {
+  if(length_counter == 0) return 0;
+
+  uint8 result = (lfsr & 1) ? envelope.volume() : 0;
+
+  if(--period_counter == 0) {
+    unsigned feedback;
+
+    if(short_mode) {
+      feedback = ((lfsr >> 0) & 1) ^ ((lfsr >> 6) & 1);
+    } else {
+      feedback = ((lfsr >> 0) & 1) ^ ((lfsr >> 1) & 1);
+    }
+
+    lfsr = (lfsr >> 1) | (feedback << 14);
+    period_counter = apu.ntsc_noise_period_table[period];
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::power() {
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::reset() {
+  length_counter = 0;
+
+  envelope.speed = 0;
+  envelope.use_speed_as_volume = 0;
+  envelope.loop_mode = 0;
+  envelope.reload_decay = 0;
+  envelope.decay_counter = 0;
+  envelope.decay_volume = 0;
+
+  period = 0;
+  period_counter = 1;
+  short_mode = 0;
+  lfsr = 1;
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(length_counter);
+
+  envelope.serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(period);
+  s.integer(period_counter);
+
+  s.integer(short_mode);
+  s.integer(lfsr);
+}

bsnes/fc/apu/noise.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+struct Noise {
+  unsigned length_counter;
+
+  Envelope envelope;
+
+  uint4 period;
+  unsigned period_counter;
+
+  bool short_mode;
+  uint15 lfsr;
+
+  void clock_length();
+  uint8 clock();
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+} noise;

bsnes/fc/apu/pulse.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+void APU::Pulse::clock_length() {
+  if(envelope.loop_mode == 0) {
+    if(length_counter) length_counter--;
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 APU::Pulse::clock() {
+  if(sweep.check_period() == false) return 0;
+  if(length_counter == 0) return 0;
+
+  static const unsigned duty_table[] = { 1, 2, 4, 6 };
+  uint8 result = (duty_counter < duty_table[duty]) ? envelope.volume() : 0;
+  if(sweep.pulse_period < 0x008) result = 0;
+
+  if(--period_counter == 0) {
+    period_counter = (sweep.pulse_period + 1) * 2;
+    duty_counter++;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+void APU::Pulse::power() {
+  envelope.power();
+  sweep.power();
+}
+
+void APU::Pulse::reset() {
+  envelope.reset();
+  sweep.reset();
+
+  length_counter = 0;
+
+  duty = 0;
+  duty_counter = 0;
+  period = 0;
+  period_counter = 1;
+}
+
+void APU::Pulse::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(length_counter);
+
+  envelope.serialize(s);
+  sweep.serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(duty);
+  s.integer(duty_counter);
+
+  s.integer(period);
+  s.integer(period_counter);
+}

bsnes/fc/apu/pulse.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+struct Pulse {
+  unsigned length_counter;
+
+  Envelope envelope;
+  Sweep sweep;
+
+  uint2 duty;
+  uint3 duty_counter;
+
+  uint11 period;
+  unsigned period_counter;
+
+  void clock_length();
+  bool check_period();
+  uint8 clock();
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+} pulse[2];

bsnes/fc/apu/serialization.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+void APU::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Thread::serialize(s);
+
+  filter.serialize(s);
+
+  pulse[0].serialize(s);
+  pulse[1].serialize(s);
+  triangle.serialize(s);
+  dmc.serialize(s);
+  frame.serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(enabled_channels);
+  s.integer(cartridge_sample);
+}
+
+void APU::Filter::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(hipass_strong);
+  s.integer(hipass_weak);
+  s.integer(lopass);
+}
+
+void APU::FrameCounter::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(irq_pending);
+
+  s.integer(mode);
+  s.integer(counter);
+  s.integer(divider);
+}

bsnes/fc/apu/sweep.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+bool APU::Sweep::check_period() {
+  if(pulse_period > 0x7ff) return false;
+
+  if(decrement == 0) {
+    if((pulse_period + (pulse_period >> shift)) & 0x800) return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+void APU::Sweep::clock(unsigned channel) {
+  if(--counter == 0) {
+    counter = period + 1;
+    if(enable && shift && pulse_period > 8) {
+      signed delta = pulse_period >> shift;
+
+      if(decrement) {
+        pulse_period -= delta;
+        if(channel == 0) pulse_period--;
+      } else if((pulse_period + delta) < 0x800) {
+        pulse_period += delta;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if(reload) {
+    reload = false;
+    counter = period + 1;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Sweep::power() {
+  shift = 0;
+  decrement = 0;
+  period = 0;
+  counter = 1;
+  enable = 0;
+  reload = 0;
+  pulse_period = 0;
+}
+
+void APU::Sweep::reset() {
+}
+
+void APU::Sweep::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(shift);
+  s.integer(decrement);
+  s.integer(period);
+  s.integer(counter);
+  s.integer(enable);
+  s.integer(reload);
+  s.integer(pulse_period);
+}

bsnes/fc/apu/sweep.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+struct Sweep {
+  uint8 shift;
+  bool decrement;
+  uint3 period;
+  uint8 counter;
+  bool enable;
+  bool reload;
+  uint11 pulse_period;
+
+  bool check_period();
+  void clock(unsigned channel);
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+};

bsnes/fc/apu/triangle.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+void APU::Triangle::clock_length() {
+  if(halt_length_counter == 0) {
+    if(length_counter > 0) length_counter--;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Triangle::clock_linear_length() {
+  if(reload_linear) {
+    linear_length_counter = linear_length;
+  } else if(linear_length_counter) {
+    linear_length_counter--;
+  }
+
+  if(halt_length_counter == 0) reload_linear = false;
+}
+
+uint8 APU::Triangle::clock() {
+  uint8 result = step_counter & 0x0f;
+  if((step_counter & 0x10) == 0) result ^= 0x0f;
+  if(length_counter == 0 || linear_length_counter == 0) return result;
+
+  if(--period_counter == 0) {
+    step_counter++;
+    period_counter = period + 1;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+void APU::Triangle::power() {
+  reset();
+}
+
+void APU::Triangle::reset() {
+  length_counter = 0;
+
+  linear_length = 0;
+  halt_length_counter = 0;
+  period = 0;
+  period_counter = 1;
+  step_counter = 0;
+  linear_length_counter = 0;
+  reload_linear = 0;
+}
+
+void APU::Triangle::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(length_counter);
+
+  s.integer(linear_length);
+  s.integer(halt_length_counter);
+
+  s.integer(period);
+  s.integer(period_counter);
+
+  s.integer(step_counter);
+  s.integer(linear_length_counter);
+  s.integer(reload_linear);
+}

bsnes/fc/apu/triangle.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+struct Triangle {
+  unsigned length_counter;
+
+  uint8 linear_length;
+  bool halt_length_counter;
+
+  uint11 period;
+  unsigned period_counter;
+
+  uint5 step_counter;
+  uint8 linear_length_counter;
+  bool reload_linear;
+
+  void clock_length();
+  void clock_linear_length();
+  uint8 clock();
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+} triangle;

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/bandai-fcg.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+//BANDAI-FCG
+
+struct BandaiFCG : Board {
+
+uint8 chr_bank[8];
+uint8 prg_bank;
+uint2 mirror;
+bool irq_counter_enable;
+uint16 irq_counter;
+uint16 irq_latch;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(irq_counter_enable) {
+      if(--irq_counter == 0xffff) {
+        cpu.set_irq_line(1);
+        irq_counter_enable = false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  case 2: return 0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  case 3: return 0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) {
+    bool region = addr & 0x4000;
+    unsigned bank = (region == 0 ? prg_bank : 0x0f);
+    return prgrom.read((bank << 14) | (addr & 0x3fff));
+  }
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr >= 0x6000) {
+    switch(addr & 15) {
+    case 0x00: case 0x01: case 0x02: case 0x03:
+    case 0x04: case 0x05: case 0x06: case 0x07:
+      chr_bank[addr & 7] = data;
+      break;
+    case 0x08:
+      prg_bank = data & 0x0f;
+      break;
+    case 0x09:
+      mirror = data & 0x03;
+      break;
+    case 0x0a:
+      cpu.set_irq_line(0);
+      irq_counter_enable = data & 0x01;
+      irq_counter = irq_latch;
+      break;
+    case 0x0b:
+      irq_latch = (irq_latch & 0xff00) | (data << 0);
+      break;
+    case 0x0c:
+      irq_latch = (irq_latch & 0x00ff) | (data << 8);
+      break;
+    case 0x0d:
+      //TODO: serial EEPROM support
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(ciram_addr(addr));
+  addr = (chr_bank[addr >> 10] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  return Board::chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  addr = (chr_bank[addr >> 10] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  return Board::chr_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  reset();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) n = 0;
+  prg_bank = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  irq_counter_enable = 0;
+  irq_counter = 0;
+  irq_latch = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+
+  s.array(chr_bank);
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  s.integer(irq_counter_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_latch);
+}
+
+BandaiFCG(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/board.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+#include "bandai-fcg.cpp"
+#include "konami-vrc1.cpp"
+#include "konami-vrc2.cpp"
+#include "konami-vrc3.cpp"
+#include "konami-vrc4.cpp"
+#include "konami-vrc6.cpp"
+#include "konami-vrc7.cpp"
+#include "nes-axrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-bnrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-cnrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-exrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-fxrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-gxrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-hkrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-nrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-pxrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-sxrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-txrom.cpp"
+#include "nes-uxrom.cpp"
+#include "sunsoft-5b.cpp"
+
+uint8 Board::Memory::read(unsigned addr) const {
+  return data[mirror(addr, size)];
+}
+
+void Board::Memory::write(unsigned addr, uint8 byte) {
+  if(writable) data[mirror(addr, size)] = byte;
+}
+
+unsigned Board::mirror(unsigned addr, unsigned size) {
+  unsigned base = 0;
+  if(size) {
+    unsigned mask = 1 << 23;
+    while(addr >= size) {
+      while(!(addr & mask)) mask >>= 1;
+      addr -= mask;
+      if(size > mask) {
+        size -= mask;
+        base += mask;
+      }
+      mask >>= 1;
+    }
+    base += addr;
+  }
+  return base;
+}
+
+void Board::main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    cartridge.clock += 12 * 4095;
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+void Board::tick() {
+  cartridge.clock += 12;
+  if(cartridge.clock >= 0 && scheduler.sync != Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) co_switch(cpu.thread);
+}
+
+uint8 Board::chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(chrram.size) return chrram.data[mirror(addr, chrram.size)];
+  if(chrrom.size) return chrrom.data[mirror(addr, chrrom.size)];
+  return 0u;
+}
+
+void Board::chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(chrram.size) chrram.data[mirror(addr, chrram.size)] = data;
+}
+
+void Board::power() {
+}
+
+void Board::reset() {
+}
+
+void Board::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  if(prgram.size) s.array(prgram.data, prgram.size);
+  if(chrram.size) s.array(chrram.data, chrram.size);
+}
+
+Board::Board(XML::Document &document) {
+  cartridge.board = this;
+  auto &cartridge = document["cartridge"];
+
+  information.type = cartridge["board"]["type"].data;
+  information.battery = cartridge["prg"]["ram"]["nonvolatile"].data == "true";
+
+  auto &prom = cartridge["prg"]["rom"];
+  auto &pram = cartridge["prg"]["ram"];
+  auto &crom = cartridge["chr"]["rom"];
+  auto &cram = cartridge["chr"]["ram"];
+
+  prgrom.size = numeral(prom["size"].data);
+  prgram.size = numeral(pram["size"].data);
+  chrrom.size = numeral(crom["size"].data);
+  chrram.size = numeral(cram["size"].data);
+
+  if(prgrom.size) prgrom.data = new uint8[prgrom.size]();
+  if(prgram.size) prgram.data = new uint8[prgram.size]();
+  if(chrrom.size) chrrom.data = new uint8[chrrom.size]();
+  if(chrram.size) chrram.data = new uint8[chrram.size]();
+
+  if(prom["name"].data) interface->loadRequest(ID::ProgramROM, prom["name"].data);
+  if(pram["name"].data) interface->loadRequest(ID::ProgramRAM, pram["name"].data);
+  if(crom["name"].data) interface->loadRequest(ID::CharacterROM, crom["name"].data);
+  if(cram["name"].data) interface->loadRequest(ID::CharacterRAM, cram["name"].data);
+
+  if(pram["name"].data) Famicom::cartridge.memory.append({ID::ProgramRAM, pram["name"].data});
+  if(cram["name"].data) Famicom::cartridge.memory.append({ID::CharacterRAM, cram["name"].data});
+
+  prgram.writable = true;
+  chrram.writable = true;
+}
+
+Board::~Board() {
+}
+
+Board* Board::load(const string &manifest) {
+  XML::Document document(manifest);
+  string type = document["cartridge"]["board"]["type"].data;
+
+  if(type == "BANDAI-FCG"  ) return new BandaiFCG(document);
+
+  if(type == "KONAMI-VRC-1") return new KonamiVRC1(document);
+  if(type == "KONAMI-VRC-2") return new KonamiVRC2(document);
+  if(type == "KONAMI-VRC-3") return new KonamiVRC3(document);
+  if(type == "KONAMI-VRC-4") return new KonamiVRC4(document);
+  if(type == "KONAMI-VRC-6") return new KonamiVRC6(document);
+  if(type == "KONAMI-VRC-7") return new KonamiVRC7(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-AMROM"   ) return new NES_AxROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-ANROM"   ) return new NES_AxROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-AN1ROM"  ) return new NES_AxROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-AOROM"   ) return new NES_AxROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-BNROM"   ) return new NES_BNROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-CNROM"   ) return new NES_CNROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-EKROM"   ) return new NES_ExROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-ELROM"   ) return new NES_ExROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-ETROM"   ) return new NES_ExROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-EWROM"   ) return new NES_ExROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-FJROM"   ) return new NES_FxROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-FKROM"   ) return new NES_FxROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-GNROM"   ) return new NES_GxROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-MHROM"   ) return new NES_GxROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-HKROM"   ) return new NES_HKROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-NROM-128") return new NES_NROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-NROM-256") return new NES_NROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-PEEOROM" ) return new NES_PxROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-PNROM"   ) return new NES_PxROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-SNROM"   ) return new NES_SxROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-SXROM"   ) return new NES_SxROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-TLROM"   ) return new NES_TxROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "NES-UNROM"   ) return new NES_UxROM(document);
+  if(type == "NES-UOROM"   ) return new NES_UxROM(document);
+
+  if(type == "SUNSOFT-5B"  ) return new Sunsoft5B(document);
+
+  return nullptr;
+}

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/board.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+struct Board {
+  struct Memory {
+    uint8_t *data;
+    unsigned size;
+    bool writable;
+
+    inline uint8 read(unsigned addr) const;
+    inline void write(unsigned addr, uint8 data);
+
+    inline Memory(uint8_t *data, unsigned size) : data(data), size(size) {}
+    inline Memory() : data(nullptr), size(0u), writable(false) {}
+    inline ~Memory() { if(data) delete[] data; }
+  };
+
+  static unsigned mirror(unsigned addr, unsigned size);
+
+  virtual void main();
+  virtual void tick();
+
+  virtual uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) = 0;
+  virtual void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) = 0;
+
+  virtual uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr);
+  virtual void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data);
+
+  virtual inline void scanline(unsigned y) {}
+
+  virtual void power();
+  virtual void reset();
+
+  virtual void serialize(serializer&);
+  Board(XML::Document &document);
+  virtual ~Board();
+
+  static Board* load(const string &manifest);
+
+  struct Information {
+    string type;
+    bool battery;
+  } information;
+
+  Memory prgrom;
+  Memory prgram;
+  Memory chrrom;
+  Memory chrram;
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/konami-vrc1.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+struct KonamiVRC1 : Board {
+
+VRC1 vrc1;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read(vrc1.prg_addr(addr));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return vrc1.reg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(vrc1.ciram_addr(addr));
+  return Board::chr_read(vrc1.chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(vrc1.ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(vrc1.chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  vrc1.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  vrc1.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  vrc1.serialize(s);
+}
+
+KonamiVRC1(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), vrc1(*this) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/konami-vrc2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+struct KonamiVRC2 : Board {
+
+struct Settings {
+  struct Pinout {
+    unsigned a0;
+    unsigned a1;
+  } pinout;
+} settings;
+
+VRC2 vrc2;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return cpu.mdr();
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return vrc2.ram_read(addr);
+  return prgrom.read(vrc2.prg_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return;
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return vrc2.ram_write(addr, data);
+
+  bool a0 = (addr & settings.pinout.a0);
+  bool a1 = (addr & settings.pinout.a1);
+  addr &= 0xfff0;
+  addr |= (a0 << 0) | (a1 << 1);
+  return vrc2.reg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(vrc2.ciram_addr(addr));
+  return Board::chr_read(vrc2.chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(vrc2.ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(vrc2.chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  vrc2.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  vrc2.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  vrc2.serialize(s);
+}
+
+KonamiVRC2(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), vrc2(*this) {
+  settings.pinout.a0 = 1 << decimal(document["cartridge"]["chip"]["pinout"]["a0"].data);
+  settings.pinout.a1 = 1 << decimal(document["cartridge"]["chip"]["pinout"]["a1"].data);
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/konami-vrc3.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+struct KonamiVRC3 : Board {
+
+struct Settings {
+  bool mirror;  //0 = horizontal, 1 = vertical
+} settings;
+
+VRC3 vrc3;
+
+void main() {
+  vrc3.main();
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) return prgram.read(addr & 0x1fff);
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read(vrc3.prg_addr(addr));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) return prgram.write(addr & 0x1fff, data);
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return vrc3.reg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_read(addr & 0x07ff);
+  }
+  return chrram.read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_write(addr & 0x07ff, data);
+  }
+  return chrram.write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  vrc3.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  vrc3.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  vrc3.serialize(s);
+}
+
+KonamiVRC3(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), vrc3(*this) {
+  settings.mirror = document["cartridge"]["mirror"]["mode"].data == "vertical" ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/konami-vrc4.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+struct KonamiVRC4 : Board {
+
+struct Settings {
+  struct Pinout {
+    unsigned a0;
+    unsigned a1;
+  } pinout;
+} settings;
+
+VRC4 vrc4;
+
+void main() {
+  return vrc4.main();
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return cpu.mdr();
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return prgram.read(addr);
+  return prgrom.read(vrc4.prg_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return;
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return prgram.write(addr, data);
+
+  bool a0 = (addr & settings.pinout.a0);
+  bool a1 = (addr & settings.pinout.a1);
+  addr &= 0xfff0;
+  addr |= (a1 << 1) | (a0 << 0);
+  return vrc4.reg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(vrc4.ciram_addr(addr));
+  return Board::chr_read(vrc4.chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(vrc4.ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(vrc4.chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  vrc4.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  vrc4.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  vrc4.serialize(s);
+}
+
+KonamiVRC4(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), vrc4(*this) {
+  settings.pinout.a0 = 1 << decimal(document["cartridge"]["chip"]["pinout"]["a0"].data);
+  settings.pinout.a1 = 1 << decimal(document["cartridge"]["chip"]["pinout"]["a1"].data);
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/konami-vrc6.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+struct KonamiVRC6 : Board {
+
+VRC6 vrc6;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) return vrc6.ram_read(addr);
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read(vrc6.prg_addr(addr));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) return vrc6.ram_write(addr, data);
+  if(addr & 0x8000) {
+    addr = (addr & 0xf003);
+    if(prgram.size) addr = (addr & ~3) | ((addr & 2) >> 1) | ((addr & 1) << 1);
+    return vrc6.reg_write(addr, data);
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(vrc6.ciram_addr(addr));
+  return Board::chr_read(vrc6.chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(vrc6.ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(vrc6.chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  vrc6.serialize(s);
+}
+
+void main() { vrc6.main(); }
+void power() { vrc6.power(); }
+void reset() { vrc6.reset(); }
+
+KonamiVRC6(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), vrc6(*this) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/konami-vrc7.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+struct KonamiVRC7 : Board {
+
+VRC7 vrc7;
+
+void main() {
+  return vrc7.main();
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return cpu.mdr();
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return prgram.read(addr);
+  return prgrom.read(vrc7.prg_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return;
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return prgram.write(addr, data);
+  return vrc7.reg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(vrc7.ciram_addr(addr));
+  return chrram.read(vrc7.chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(vrc7.ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return chrram.write(vrc7.chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  vrc7.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  vrc7.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  vrc7.serialize(s);
+}
+
+KonamiVRC7(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), vrc7(*this) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-axrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+//NES-AMROM
+//NES-ANROM
+//NES-AN1ROM
+//NES-AOROM
+
+struct NES_AxROM : Board {
+
+uint4 prg_bank;
+bool mirror_select;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read((prg_bank << 15) | (addr & 0x7fff));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) {
+    prg_bank = data & 0x0f;
+    mirror_select = data & 0x10;
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read((mirror_select << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff));
+  return Board::chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write((mirror_select << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_bank = 0x0f;
+  mirror_select = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+  s.integer(mirror_select);
+}
+
+NES_AxROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-bnrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+//NES-BN-ROM-01
+
+struct NES_BNROM : Board {
+
+struct Settings {
+  bool mirror;  //0 = horizontal, 1 = vertical
+} settings;
+
+uint2 prg_bank;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read((prg_bank << 15) | (addr & 0x7fff));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) prg_bank = data & 0x03;
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_read(addr);
+  }
+  return Board::chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_write(addr, data);
+  }
+  return Board::chr_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_bank = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+}
+
+NES_BNROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+  settings.mirror = document["cartridge"]["mirror"]["mode"].data == "vertical" ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-cnrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+//NES-CNROM
+
+struct NES_CNROM : Board {
+
+struct Settings {
+  bool mirror;  //0 = horizontal, 1 = vertical
+} settings;
+
+uint2 chr_bank;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read(addr & 0x7fff);
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) chr_bank = data & 0x03;
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_read(addr & 0x07ff);
+  }
+  addr = (chr_bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+  return Board::chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_write(addr & 0x07ff, data);
+  }
+  addr = (chr_bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+  Board::chr_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  chr_bank = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  s.integer(chr_bank);
+}
+
+NES_CNROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+  settings.mirror = document["cartridge"]["mirror"]["mode"].data == "vertical" ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-exrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+struct NES_ExROM : Board {
+
+enum class Revision : unsigned {
+  EKROM,
+  ELROM,
+  ETROM,
+  EWROM,
+} revision;
+
+MMC5 mmc5;
+
+void main() {
+  mmc5.main();
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  return mmc5.prg_read(addr);
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  mmc5.prg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  return mmc5.chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  mmc5.chr_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void scanline(unsigned y) {
+  mmc5.scanline(y);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  mmc5.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  mmc5.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  mmc5.serialize(s);
+}
+
+NES_ExROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), mmc5(*this) {
+  revision = Revision::ELROM;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-fxrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+//MMC4
+
+struct NES_FxROM : Board {
+
+enum Revision : unsigned {
+  FJROM,
+  FKROM,
+} revision;
+
+uint4 prg_bank;
+uint5 chr_bank[2][2];
+bool mirror;
+bool latch[2];
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return cpu.mdr();
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return prgram.read(addr);
+  unsigned bank = addr < 0xc000 ? prg_bank : (uint4)0x0f;
+  return prgrom.read((bank * 0x4000) | (addr & 0x3fff));
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return;
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return prgram.write(addr, data);
+
+  switch(addr & 0xf000) {
+  case 0xa000: prg_bank = data & 0x0f; break;
+  case 0xb000: chr_bank[0][0] = data & 0x1f; break;
+  case 0xc000: chr_bank[0][1] = data & 0x1f; break;
+  case 0xd000: chr_bank[1][0] = data & 0x1f; break;
+  case 0xe000: chr_bank[1][1] = data & 0x1f; break;
+  case 0xf000: mirror = data & 0x01; break;
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //vertical mirroring
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //horizontal mirroring
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(ciram_addr(addr));
+  bool region = addr & 0x1000;
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[region][latch[region]];
+  if((addr & 0x0ff8) == 0x0fd8) latch[region] = 0;
+  if((addr & 0x0ff8) == 0x0fe8) latch[region] = 1;
+  return Board::chr_read((bank * 0x1000) | (addr & 0x0fff));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  bool region = addr & 0x1000;
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[region][latch[region]];
+  if((addr & 0x0ff8) == 0x0fd8) latch[region] = 0;
+  if((addr & 0x0ff8) == 0x0fe8) latch[region] = 1;
+  return Board::chr_write((bank * 0x1000) | (addr & 0x0fff), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_bank = 0;
+  chr_bank[0][0] = 0;
+  chr_bank[0][1] = 0;
+  chr_bank[1][0] = 0;
+  chr_bank[1][1] = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  latch[0] = 0;
+  latch[1] = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+  s.integer(chr_bank[0][0]);
+  s.integer(chr_bank[0][1]);
+  s.integer(chr_bank[1][0]);
+  s.integer(chr_bank[1][1]);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  s.array(latch);
+}
+
+NES_FxROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+  revision = Revision::FKROM;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-gxrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+//NES-GNROM
+//NES-MHROM
+
+struct NES_GxROM : Board {
+
+struct Settings {
+  bool mirror;  //0 = horizontal, 1 = vertical
+} settings;
+
+uint2 prg_bank;
+uint2 chr_bank;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read((prg_bank << 15) | (addr & 0x7fff));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) {
+    prg_bank = (data & 0x30) >> 4;
+    chr_bank = (data & 0x03) >> 0;
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_read(addr & 0x07ff);
+  }
+  addr = (chr_bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+  return Board::chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_write(addr & 0x07ff, data);
+  }
+  addr = (chr_bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+  Board::chr_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_bank = 0;
+  chr_bank = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+  s.integer(chr_bank);
+}
+
+NES_GxROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+  settings.mirror = document["cartridge"]["mirror"]["mode"].data == "vertical" ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-hkrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+struct NES_HKROM : Board {
+
+MMC6 mmc6;
+
+void main() {
+  mmc6.main();
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if((addr & 0xf000) == 0x7000) return mmc6.ram_read(addr);
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read(mmc6.prg_addr(addr));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if((addr & 0xf000) == 0x7000) return mmc6.ram_write(addr, data);
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return mmc6.reg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  mmc6.irq_test(addr);
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(mmc6.ciram_addr(addr));
+  return Board::chr_read(mmc6.chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  mmc6.irq_test(addr);
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(mmc6.ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(mmc6.chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  mmc6.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  mmc6.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  mmc6.serialize(s);
+}
+
+NES_HKROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), mmc6(*this) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-nrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+//NES-NROM-128
+//NES-NROM-256
+
+struct NES_NROM : Board {
+
+struct Settings {
+  bool mirror;  //0 = horizontal, 1 = vertical
+} settings;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read(addr);
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_read(addr & 0x07ff);
+  }
+  if(chrram.size) return chrram.read(addr);
+  return chrrom.read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_write(addr & 0x07ff, data);
+  }
+  if(chrram.size) return chrram.write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+}
+
+NES_NROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+  settings.mirror = document["cartridge"]["mirror"]["mode"].data == "vertical" ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-pxrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+//MMC2
+
+struct NES_PxROM : Board {
+
+enum Revision : unsigned {
+  PEEOROM,
+  PNROM,
+} revision;
+
+uint4 prg_bank;
+uint5 chr_bank[2][2];
+bool mirror;
+bool latch[2];
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return cpu.mdr();
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return prgram.read(addr);
+  unsigned bank = 0;
+  switch((addr / 0x2000) & 3) {
+  case 0: bank = prg_bank; break;
+  case 1: bank = 0x0d; break;
+  case 2: bank = 0x0e; break;
+  case 3: bank = 0x0f; break;
+  }
+  return prgrom.read((bank * 0x2000) | (addr & 0x1fff));
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return;
+  if(addr < 0x8000) return prgram.write(addr, data);
+
+  switch(addr & 0xf000) {
+  case 0xa000: prg_bank = data & 0x0f; break;
+  case 0xb000: chr_bank[0][0] = data & 0x1f; break;
+  case 0xc000: chr_bank[0][1] = data & 0x1f; break;
+  case 0xd000: chr_bank[1][0] = data & 0x1f; break;
+  case 0xe000: chr_bank[1][1] = data & 0x1f; break;
+  case 0xf000: mirror = data & 0x01; break;
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //vertical mirroring
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //horizontal mirroring
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(ciram_addr(addr));
+  bool region = addr & 0x1000;
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[region][latch[region]];
+  if((addr & 0x0ff8) == 0x0fd8) latch[region] = 0;
+  if((addr & 0x0ff8) == 0x0fe8) latch[region] = 1;
+  return Board::chr_read((bank * 0x1000) | (addr & 0x0fff));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  bool region = addr & 0x1000;
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[region][latch[region]];
+  if((addr & 0x0ff8) == 0x0fd8) latch[region] = 0;
+  if((addr & 0x0ff8) == 0x0fe8) latch[region] = 1;
+  return Board::chr_write((bank * 0x1000) | (addr & 0x0fff), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_bank = 0;
+  chr_bank[0][0] = 0;
+  chr_bank[0][1] = 0;
+  chr_bank[1][0] = 0;
+  chr_bank[1][1] = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  latch[0] = 0;
+  latch[1] = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+  s.integer(chr_bank[0][0]);
+  s.integer(chr_bank[0][1]);
+  s.integer(chr_bank[1][0]);
+  s.integer(chr_bank[1][1]);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  s.array(latch);
+}
+
+NES_PxROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+  revision = Revision::PNROM;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-sxrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+struct NES_SxROM : Board {
+
+enum class Revision : unsigned {
+  SAROM,
+  SBROM,
+  SCROM,
+  SC1ROM,
+  SEROM,
+  SFROM,
+  SGROM,
+  SHROM,
+  SH1ROM,
+  SIROM,
+  SJROM,
+  SKROM,
+  SLROM,
+  SL1ROM,
+  SL2ROM,
+  SL3ROM,
+  SLRROM,
+  SMROM,
+  SNROM,
+  SOROM,
+  SUROM,
+  SXROM,
+} revision;
+
+MMC1 mmc1;
+
+void main() {
+  return mmc1.main();
+}
+
+unsigned ram_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  unsigned bank = 0;
+  if(revision == Revision::SOROM) bank = (mmc1.chr_bank[0] & 0x08) >> 3;
+  if(revision == Revision::SUROM) bank = (mmc1.chr_bank[0] & 0x0c) >> 2;
+  if(revision == Revision::SXROM) bank = (mmc1.chr_bank[0] & 0x0c) >> 2;
+  return (bank << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) {
+    if(revision == Revision::SNROM) {
+      if(mmc1.chr_bank[0] & 0x10) return cpu.mdr();
+    }
+    if(mmc1.ram_disable) return 0x00;
+    return prgram.read(ram_addr(addr));
+  }
+
+  if(addr & 0x8000) {
+    addr = mmc1.prg_addr(addr);
+    if(revision == Revision::SXROM) {
+      addr |= ((mmc1.chr_bank[0] & 0x10) >> 4) << 18;
+    }
+    return prgrom.read(addr);
+  }
+
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) {
+    if(revision == Revision::SNROM) {
+      if(mmc1.chr_bank[0] & 0x10) return;
+    }
+    if(mmc1.ram_disable) return;
+    return prgram.write(ram_addr(addr), data);
+  }
+
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return mmc1.mmio_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(mmc1.ciram_addr(addr));
+  return Board::chr_read(mmc1.chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(mmc1.ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(mmc1.chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  mmc1.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  mmc1.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  mmc1.serialize(s);
+}
+
+NES_SxROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), mmc1(*this) {
+  revision = Revision::SXROM;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-txrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+struct NES_TxROM : Board {
+
+enum class Revision : unsigned {
+  TBROM,
+  TEROM,
+  TFROM,
+  TGROM,
+  TKROM,
+  TKSROM,
+  TLROM,
+  TL1ROM,
+  TL2ROM,
+  TLSROM,
+  TNROM,
+  TQROM,
+  TR1ROM,
+  TSROM,
+  TVROM,
+} revision;
+
+MMC3 mmc3;
+
+void main() {
+  mmc3.main();
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) return mmc3.ram_read(addr);
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return prgrom.read(mmc3.prg_addr(addr));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) return mmc3.ram_write(addr, data);
+  if(addr & 0x8000) return mmc3.reg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  mmc3.irq_test(addr);
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(mmc3.ciram_addr(addr));
+  return Board::chr_read(mmc3.chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  mmc3.irq_test(addr);
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(mmc3.ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(mmc3.chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  mmc3.power();
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  mmc3.reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+  mmc3.serialize(s);
+}
+
+NES_TxROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document), mmc3(*this) {
+  revision = Revision::TLROM;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/nes-uxrom.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//NES-UNROM
+//NES-UOROM
+
+struct NES_UxROM : Board {
+
+struct Settings {
+  bool mirror;  //0 = horizontal, 1 = vertical
+} settings;
+
+uint4 prg_bank;
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if((addr & 0xc000) == 0x8000) return prgrom.read((prg_bank << 14) | (addr & 0x3fff));
+  if((addr & 0xc000) == 0xc000) return prgrom.read((    0x0f << 14) | (addr & 0x3fff));
+  return cpu.mdr();
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x8000) prg_bank = data & 0x0f;
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_read(addr);
+  }
+  return Board::chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    if(settings.mirror == 0) addr = ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    return ppu.ciram_write(addr, data);
+  }
+  return Board::chr_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_bank = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+}
+
+NES_UxROM(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+  settings.mirror = document["cartridge"]["mirror"]["mode"].data == "vertical" ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/board/sunsoft-5b.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+//SUNSOFT-5B
+
+struct Sunsoft5B : Board {
+
+uint4 mmu_port;
+uint4 apu_port;
+
+uint8 prg_bank[4];
+uint8 chr_bank[8];
+uint2 mirror;
+bool irq_enable;
+bool irq_counter_enable;
+uint16 irq_counter;
+
+int16 dac[16];
+
+struct Pulse {
+  bool disable;
+  uint12 frequency;
+  uint4 volume;
+
+  uint16 counter;  //12-bit countdown + 4-bit phase
+  uint1 duty;
+  uint4 output;
+
+  void clock() {
+    if(--counter == 0) {
+      counter = frequency << 4;
+      duty ^= 1;
+    }
+    output = duty ? volume : (uint4)0;
+    if(disable) output = 0;
+  }
+
+  void reset() {
+    disable = 1;
+    frequency = 1;
+    volume = 0;
+
+    counter = 0;
+    duty = 0;
+    output = 0;
+  }
+
+  void serialize(serializer &s) {
+    s.integer(disable);
+    s.integer(frequency);
+    s.integer(volume);
+
+    s.integer(counter);
+    s.integer(duty);
+    s.integer(output);
+  }
+} pulse[3];
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(irq_counter_enable) {
+      if(--irq_counter == 0xffff) {
+        cpu.set_irq_line(irq_enable);
+      }
+    }
+
+    pulse[0].clock();
+    pulse[1].clock();
+    pulse[2].clock();
+    int16 output = dac[pulse[0].output] + dac[pulse[1].output] + dac[pulse[2].output];
+    apu.set_sample(-output);
+
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr < 0x6000) return cpu.mdr();
+
+  uint8 bank = 0x3f;  //((addr & 0xe000) == 0xe000
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) bank = prg_bank[0];
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x8000) bank = prg_bank[1];
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xa000) bank = prg_bank[2];
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xc000) bank = prg_bank[3];
+
+  bool ram_enable = bank & 0x80;
+  bool ram_select = bank & 0x40;
+  bank &= 0x3f;
+
+  if(ram_select) {
+    if(ram_enable == false) return cpu.mdr();
+    return prgram.data[addr & 0x1fff];
+  }
+
+  addr = (bank << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  return prgrom.read(addr);
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) {
+    prgram.data[addr & 0x1fff] = data;
+  }
+
+  if(addr == 0x8000) {
+    mmu_port = data & 0x0f;
+  }
+
+  if(addr == 0xa000) {
+    switch(mmu_port) {
+    case  0: chr_bank[0] = data; break;
+    case  1: chr_bank[1] = data; break;
+    case  2: chr_bank[2] = data; break;
+    case  3: chr_bank[3] = data; break;
+    case  4: chr_bank[4] = data; break;
+    case  5: chr_bank[5] = data; break;
+    case  6: chr_bank[6] = data; break;
+    case  7: chr_bank[7] = data; break;
+    case  8: prg_bank[0] = data; break;
+    case  9: prg_bank[1] = data; break;
+    case 10: prg_bank[2] = data; break;
+    case 11: prg_bank[3] = data; break;
+    case 12: mirror = data & 3; break;
+    case 13:
+      irq_enable = data & 0x80;
+      irq_counter_enable = data & 0x01;
+      if(irq_enable == 0) cpu.set_irq_line(0);
+      break;
+    case 14: irq_counter = (irq_counter & 0xff00) | (data << 0); break;
+    case 15: irq_counter = (irq_counter & 0x00ff) | (data << 8); break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if(addr == 0xc000) {
+    apu_port = data & 0x0f;
+  }
+
+  if(addr == 0xe000) {
+    switch(apu_port) {
+    case  0: pulse[0].frequency = (pulse[0].frequency & 0xff00) | (data << 0); break;
+    case  1: pulse[0].frequency = (pulse[0].frequency & 0x00ff) | (data << 8); break;
+    case  2: pulse[1].frequency = (pulse[1].frequency & 0xff00) | (data << 0); break;
+    case  3: pulse[1].frequency = (pulse[1].frequency & 0x00ff) | (data << 8); break;
+    case  4: pulse[2].frequency = (pulse[2].frequency & 0xff00) | (data << 0); break;
+    case  5: pulse[2].frequency = (pulse[2].frequency & 0x00ff) | (data << 8); break;
+    case  7:
+      pulse[0].disable = data & 0x01;
+      pulse[1].disable = data & 0x02;
+      pulse[2].disable = data & 0x04;
+      break;
+    case  8: pulse[0].volume = data & 0x0f; break;
+    case  9: pulse[1].volume = data & 0x0f; break;
+    case 10: pulse[2].volume = data & 0x0f; break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  uint8 bank = (addr >> 10) & 7;
+  return (chr_bank[bank] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //vertical
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //horizontal
+  case 2: return 0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff);  //first
+  case 3: return 0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff);  //second
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_read(ciram_addr(addr));
+  return Board::chr_read(chr_addr(addr));
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) return ppu.ciram_write(ciram_addr(addr), data);
+  return Board::chr_write(chr_addr(addr), data);
+}
+
+void power() {
+  for(signed n = 0; n < 16; n++) {
+    double volume = 1.0 / pow(2, 1.0 / 2 * (15 - n));
+    dac[n] = volume * 8192.0;
+  }
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  mmu_port = 0;
+  apu_port = 0;
+
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) n = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  irq_enable = 0;
+  irq_counter_enable = 0;
+  irq_counter = 0;
+
+  pulse[0].reset();
+  pulse[1].reset();
+  pulse[2].reset();
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Board::serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(mmu_port);
+  s.integer(apu_port);
+
+  s.array(prg_bank);
+  s.array(chr_bank);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_counter_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_counter);
+
+  pulse[0].serialize(s);
+  pulse[1].serialize(s);
+  pulse[2].serialize(s);
+}
+
+Sunsoft5B(XML::Document &document) : Board(document) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/cartridge.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+#include "chip/chip.cpp"
+#include "board/board.cpp"
+Cartridge cartridge;
+
+void Cartridge::Main() {
+  cartridge.main();
+}
+
+void Cartridge::main() {
+  board->main();
+}
+
+void Cartridge::load(const string &manifest) {
+  information.markup = manifest;
+
+  Board::load(manifest);  //this call will set Cartridge::board if successful
+  if(board == nullptr) return;
+
+  sha256_ctx sha;
+  uint8 hash[32];
+  sha256_init(&sha);
+  sha256_chunk(&sha, board->prgrom.data, board->prgrom.size);
+  sha256_chunk(&sha, board->chrrom.data, board->chrrom.size);
+  sha256_final(&sha);
+  sha256_hash(&sha, hash);
+  string result;
+  for(auto &byte : hash) result.append(hex<2>(byte));
+  sha256 = result;
+
+  system.load();
+  loaded = true;
+}
+
+void Cartridge::unload() {
+  if(loaded == false) return;
+  loaded = false;
+  memory.reset();
+}
+
+void Cartridge::power() {
+  board->power();
+}
+
+void Cartridge::reset() {
+  create(Cartridge::Main, 21477272);
+  board->reset();
+}
+
+Cartridge::Cartridge() {
+  loaded = false;
+}
+
+uint8 Cartridge::prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  return board->prg_read(addr);
+}
+
+void Cartridge::prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  return board->prg_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+uint8 Cartridge::chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  return board->chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+void Cartridge::chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  return board->chr_write(addr, data);
+}
+
+void Cartridge::scanline(unsigned y) {
+  return board->scanline(y);
+}
+
+void Cartridge::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Thread::serialize(s);
+  return board->serialize(s);
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/cartridge/cartridge.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#include "chip/chip.hpp"
+#include "board/board.hpp"
+
+struct Cartridge : Thread, property<Cartridge> {
+  static void Main();
+  void main();
+
+  void load(const string &manifest);
+  void unload();
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+
+  readonly<bool> loaded;
+  readonly<string> sha256;
+
+  struct Information {
+    string markup;
+  } information;
+
+  struct Memory {
+    unsigned id;
+    string name;
+  };
+  vector<Memory> memory;
+
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+  Cartridge();
+
+//privileged:
+  Board *board;
+
+  uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr);
+  void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data);
+
+  uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr);
+  void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data);
+
+  //scanline() is for debugging purposes only:
+  //boards must detect scanline edges on their own
+  void scanline(unsigned y);
+};
+
+extern Cartridge cartridge;

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/chip.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#include "mmc1.cpp"
+#include "mmc3.cpp"
+#include "mmc5.cpp"
+#include "mmc6.cpp"
+#include "vrc1.cpp"
+#include "vrc2.cpp"
+#include "vrc3.cpp"
+#include "vrc4.cpp"
+#include "vrc6.cpp"
+#include "vrc7.cpp"
+
+void Chip::tick() {
+  board.tick();
+}
+
+Chip::Chip(Board &board) : board(board) {
+}

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/chip.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+struct Board;
+
+struct Chip {
+  Board &board;
+  void tick();
+  Chip(Board &board);
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/mmc1.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+struct MMC1 : Chip {
+
+enum class Revision : unsigned {
+  MMC1,
+  MMC1A,
+  MMC1B1,
+  MMC1B2,
+  MMC1B3,
+  MMC1C,
+} revision;
+
+unsigned writedelay;
+unsigned shiftaddr;
+unsigned shiftdata;
+
+bool chr_mode;
+bool prg_size;  //0 = 32K, 1 = 16K
+bool prg_mode;
+uint2 mirror;  //0 = first, 1 = second, 2 = vertical, 3 = horizontal
+uint5 chr_bank[2];
+bool ram_disable;
+uint4 prg_bank;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(writedelay) writedelay--;
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  bool region = addr & 0x4000;
+  unsigned bank = (prg_bank & ~1) + region;
+
+  if(prg_size) {
+    bank = (region == 0 ? 0x0 : 0xf);
+    if(region != prg_mode) bank = prg_bank;
+  }
+
+  return (bank << 14) | (addr & 0x3fff);
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  bool region = addr & 0x1000;
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[region];
+  if(chr_mode == 0) bank = (chr_bank[0] & ~1) | region;
+  return (bank << 12) | (addr & 0x0fff);
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return 0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  case 1: return 0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  case 2: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  case 3: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  }
+}
+
+void mmio_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(writedelay) return;
+  writedelay = 2;
+
+  if(data & 0x80) {
+    shiftaddr = 0;
+    prg_size = 1;
+    prg_mode = 1;
+  } else {
+    shiftdata = ((data & 1) << 4) | (shiftdata >> 1);
+    if(++shiftaddr == 5) {
+      shiftaddr = 0;
+      switch((addr >> 13) & 3) {
+      case 0:
+        chr_mode = (shiftdata & 0x10);
+        prg_size = (shiftdata & 0x08);
+        prg_mode = (shiftdata & 0x04);
+        mirror = (shiftdata & 0x03);
+        break;
+
+      case 1:
+        chr_bank[0] = (shiftdata & 0x1f);
+        break;
+
+      case 2:
+        chr_bank[1] = (shiftdata & 0x1f);
+        break;
+
+      case 3:
+        ram_disable = (shiftdata & 0x10);
+        prg_bank = (shiftdata & 0x0f);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  writedelay = 0;
+  shiftaddr = 0;
+  shiftdata = 0;
+
+  chr_mode = 0;
+  prg_size = 1;
+  prg_mode = 1;
+  mirror = 0;
+  chr_bank[0] = 0;
+  chr_bank[1] = 1;
+  ram_disable = 0;
+  prg_bank = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(writedelay);
+  s.integer(shiftaddr);
+  s.integer(shiftdata);
+
+  s.integer(chr_mode);
+  s.integer(prg_size);
+  s.integer(prg_mode);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  s.array(chr_bank);
+  s.integer(ram_disable);
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+}
+
+MMC1(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+  revision = Revision::MMC1B2;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/mmc3.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+struct MMC3 : Chip {
+
+bool chr_mode;
+bool prg_mode;
+uint3 bank_select;
+uint8 prg_bank[2];
+uint8 chr_bank[6];
+bool mirror;
+bool ram_enable;
+bool ram_write_protect;
+uint8 irq_latch;
+uint8 irq_counter;
+bool irq_enable;
+unsigned irq_delay;
+bool irq_line;
+
+uint16 chr_abus;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(irq_delay) irq_delay--;
+    cpu.set_irq_line(irq_line);
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+void irq_test(unsigned addr) {
+  if(!(chr_abus & 0x1000) && (addr & 0x1000)) {
+    if(irq_delay == 0) {
+      if(irq_counter == 0) {
+        irq_counter = irq_latch;
+      } else if(--irq_counter == 0) {
+        if(irq_enable) irq_line = 1;
+      }
+    }
+    irq_delay = 6;
+  }
+  chr_abus = addr;
+}
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch((addr >> 13) & 3) {
+  case 0:
+    if(prg_mode == 1) return (0x3e << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+    return (prg_bank[0] << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  case 1:
+    return (prg_bank[1] << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  case 2:
+    if(prg_mode == 0) return (0x3e << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+    return (prg_bank[0] << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  case 3:
+    return (0x3f << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  if(chr_mode == 0) {
+    if(addr <= 0x07ff) return (chr_bank[0] << 10) | (addr & 0x07ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x0fff) return (chr_bank[1] << 10) | (addr & 0x07ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x13ff) return (chr_bank[2] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x17ff) return (chr_bank[3] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x1bff) return (chr_bank[4] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x1fff) return (chr_bank[5] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  } else {
+    if(addr <= 0x03ff) return (chr_bank[2] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x07ff) return (chr_bank[3] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x0bff) return (chr_bank[4] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x0fff) return (chr_bank[5] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x17ff) return (chr_bank[0] << 10) | (addr & 0x07ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x1fff) return (chr_bank[1] << 10) | (addr & 0x07ff);
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  if(mirror == 0) return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  if(mirror == 1) return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+}
+
+uint8 ram_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(ram_enable) return board.prgram.data[addr & 0x1fff];
+  return 0x00;
+}
+
+void ram_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(ram_enable && !ram_write_protect) board.prgram.data[addr & 0x1fff] = data;
+}
+
+void reg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  switch(addr & 0xe001) {
+  case 0x8000:
+    chr_mode = data & 0x80;
+    prg_mode = data & 0x40;
+    bank_select = data & 0x07;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x8001:
+    switch(bank_select) {
+    case 0: chr_bank[0] = data & ~1; break;
+    case 1: chr_bank[1] = data & ~1; break;
+    case 2: chr_bank[2] = data; break;
+    case 3: chr_bank[3] = data; break;
+    case 4: chr_bank[4] = data; break;
+    case 5: chr_bank[5] = data; break;
+    case 6: prg_bank[0] = data & 0x3f; break;
+    case 7: prg_bank[1] = data & 0x3f; break;
+    }
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa000:
+    mirror = data & 0x01;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa001:
+    ram_enable = data & 0x80;
+    ram_write_protect = data & 0x40;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xc000:
+    irq_latch = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xc001:
+    irq_counter = 0;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xe000:
+    irq_enable = false;
+    irq_line = 0;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xe001:
+    irq_enable = true;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  chr_mode = 0;
+  prg_mode = 0;
+  bank_select = 0;
+  prg_bank[0] = 0;
+  prg_bank[1] = 0;
+  chr_bank[0] = 0;
+  chr_bank[1] = 0;
+  chr_bank[2] = 0;
+  chr_bank[3] = 0;
+  chr_bank[4] = 0;
+  chr_bank[5] = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  ram_enable = 1;
+  ram_write_protect = 0;
+  irq_latch = 0;
+  irq_counter = 0;
+  irq_enable = false;
+  irq_delay = 0;
+  irq_line = 0;
+
+  chr_abus = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(chr_mode);
+  s.integer(prg_mode);
+  s.integer(bank_select);
+  s.array(prg_bank);
+  s.array(chr_bank);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  s.integer(ram_enable);
+  s.integer(ram_write_protect);
+  s.integer(irq_latch);
+  s.integer(irq_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_delay);
+  s.integer(irq_line);
+
+  s.integer(chr_abus);
+}
+
+MMC3(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/mmc5.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+struct MMC5 : Chip {
+
+enum class Revision : unsigned {
+  MMC5,
+  MMC5B,
+} revision;
+
+uint8 exram[1024];
+
+//programmable registers
+
+uint2 prg_mode;  //$5100
+uint2 chr_mode;  //$5101
+
+uint2 prgram_write_protect[2];  //$5102,$5103
+
+uint2 exram_mode;         //$5104
+uint2 nametable_mode[4];  //$5105
+uint8 fillmode_tile;      //$5106
+uint8 fillmode_color;     //$5107
+
+bool ram_select;            //$5113
+uint2 ram_bank;             //$5113
+uint8 prg_bank[4];          //$5114-5117
+uint10 chr_sprite_bank[8];  //$5120-5127
+uint10 chr_bg_bank[4];      //$5128-512b
+uint2 chr_bank_hi;          //$5130
+
+bool vs_enable;      //$5200
+bool vs_side;        //$5200
+uint5 vs_tile;       //$5200
+uint8 vs_scroll;     //$5201
+uint8 vs_bank;       //$5202
+
+uint8 irq_line;      //$5203
+bool irq_enable;     //$5204
+
+uint8 multiplicand;  //$5205
+uint8 multiplier;    //$5206
+
+//status registers
+
+unsigned cpu_cycle_counter;
+unsigned irq_counter;
+bool irq_pending;
+bool in_frame;
+
+unsigned vcounter;
+unsigned hcounter;
+uint16 chr_access[4];
+bool chr_active;
+bool sprite_8x16;
+
+uint8 exbank;
+uint8 exattr;
+
+bool vs_fetch;
+uint8 vs_vpos;
+uint8 vs_hpos;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    //scanline() resets this; if no scanlines detected, enter video blanking period
+    if(++cpu_cycle_counter >= 200) blank();  //113-114 normal; ~2500 across Vblank period
+
+    cpu.set_irq_line(irq_enable && irq_pending);
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+void scanline(unsigned y) {
+//used for testing only, to verify MMC5 scanline detection is accurate:
+//if(y != vcounter && y <= 240) print(y, " vs ", vcounter, "\n");
+}
+
+uint8 prg_access(bool write, unsigned addr, uint8 data = 0x00) {
+  unsigned bank;
+
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x6000) {
+    bank = (ram_select << 2) | ram_bank;
+    addr &= 0x1fff;
+  } else if(prg_mode == 0) {
+    bank = prg_bank[3] & ~3;
+    addr &= 0x7fff;
+  } else if(prg_mode == 1) {
+    if((addr & 0xc000) == 0x8000) bank = (prg_bank[1] & ~1);
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xc000) bank = (prg_bank[3] & ~1);
+    addr &= 0x3fff;
+  } else if(prg_mode == 2) {
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x8000) bank = (prg_bank[1] & ~1) | 0;
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xa000) bank = (prg_bank[1] & ~1) | 1;
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xc000) bank = (prg_bank[2]);
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xe000) bank = (prg_bank[3]);
+    addr &= 0x1fff;
+  } else if(prg_mode == 3) {
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x8000) bank = prg_bank[0];
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xa000) bank = prg_bank[1];
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xc000) bank = prg_bank[2];
+    if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xe000) bank = prg_bank[3];
+    addr &= 0x1fff;
+  }
+
+  bool rom = bank & 0x80;
+  bank &= 0x7f;
+
+  if(write == false) {
+    if(rom) {
+      return board.prgrom.read((bank << 13) | addr);
+    } else {
+      return board.prgram.read((bank << 13) | addr);
+    }
+  } else {
+    if(rom) {
+      board.prgrom.write((bank << 13) | addr, data);
+    } else {
+      if(prgram_write_protect[0] == 2 && prgram_write_protect[1] == 1) {
+        board.prgram.write((bank << 13) | addr, data);
+      }
+    }
+    return 0x00;
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 prg_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if((addr & 0xfc00) == 0x5c00) {
+    if(exram_mode >= 2) return exram[addr & 0x03ff];
+    return cpu.mdr();
+  }
+
+  if(addr >= 0x6000) {
+    return prg_access(0, addr);
+  }
+
+  switch(addr) {
+  case 0x5204: {
+    uint8 result = (irq_pending << 7) | (in_frame << 6);
+    irq_pending = false;
+    return result;
+  }
+  case 0x5205: return (multiplier * multiplicand) >> 0;
+  case 0x5206: return (multiplier * multiplicand) >> 8;
+  }
+}
+
+void prg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if((addr & 0xfc00) == 0x5c00) {
+    //writes 0x00 *during* Vblank (not during screen rendering ...)
+    if(exram_mode == 0 || exram_mode == 1) exram[addr & 0x03ff] = in_frame ? data : 0x00;
+    if(exram_mode == 2) exram[addr & 0x03ff] = data;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if(addr >= 0x6000) {
+    prg_access(1, addr, data);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  switch(addr) {
+  case 0x2000:
+    sprite_8x16 = data & 0x20;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x2001:
+    //if BG+sprites are disabled; enter video blanking period
+    if((data & 0x18) == 0) blank();
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5100: prg_mode = data & 3; break;
+  case 0x5101: chr_mode = data & 3; break;
+
+  case 0x5102: prgram_write_protect[0] = data & 3; break;
+  case 0x5103: prgram_write_protect[1] = data & 3; break;
+
+  case 0x5104:
+    exram_mode = data & 3;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5105:
+    nametable_mode[0] = (data & 0x03) >> 0;
+    nametable_mode[1] = (data & 0x0c) >> 2;
+    nametable_mode[2] = (data & 0x30) >> 4;
+    nametable_mode[3] = (data & 0xc0) >> 6;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5106:
+    fillmode_tile = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5107:
+    fillmode_color = data & 3;
+    fillmode_color |= fillmode_color << 2;
+    fillmode_color |= fillmode_color << 4;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5113:
+    ram_select = data & 0x04;
+    ram_bank = data & 0x03;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5114: prg_bank[0] = data; break;
+  case 0x5115: prg_bank[1] = data; break;
+  case 0x5116: prg_bank[2] = data; break;
+  case 0x5117: prg_bank[3] = data | 0x80; break;
+
+  case 0x5120: chr_sprite_bank[0] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 0; break;
+  case 0x5121: chr_sprite_bank[1] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 0; break;
+  case 0x5122: chr_sprite_bank[2] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 0; break;
+  case 0x5123: chr_sprite_bank[3] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 0; break;
+  case 0x5124: chr_sprite_bank[4] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 0; break;
+  case 0x5125: chr_sprite_bank[5] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 0; break;
+  case 0x5126: chr_sprite_bank[6] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 0; break;
+  case 0x5127: chr_sprite_bank[7] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 0; break;
+
+  case 0x5128: chr_bg_bank[0] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 1; break;
+  case 0x5129: chr_bg_bank[1] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 1; break;
+  case 0x512a: chr_bg_bank[2] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 1; break;
+  case 0x512b: chr_bg_bank[3] = (chr_bank_hi << 8) | data; chr_active = 1; break;
+
+  case 0x5130:
+    chr_bank_hi = data & 3;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5200:
+    vs_enable = data & 0x80;
+    vs_side = data & 0x40;
+    vs_tile = data & 0x1f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5201:
+    vs_scroll = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5202:
+    vs_bank = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5203:
+    irq_line = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5204:
+    irq_enable = data & 0x80;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5205:
+    multiplicand = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x5206:
+    multiplier = data;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned chr_sprite_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  if(chr_mode == 0) {
+    auto bank = chr_sprite_bank[7];
+    return (bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+  }
+
+  if(chr_mode == 1) {
+    auto bank = chr_sprite_bank[(addr / 0x1000) * 4 + 3];
+    return (bank * 0x1000) + (addr & 0x0fff);
+  }
+
+  if(chr_mode == 2) {
+    auto bank = chr_sprite_bank[(addr / 0x0800) * 2 + 1];
+    return (bank * 0x0800) + (addr & 0x07ff);
+  }
+
+  if(chr_mode == 3) {
+    auto bank = chr_sprite_bank[(addr / 0x0400)];
+    return (bank * 0x0400) + (addr & 0x03ff);
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned chr_bg_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  addr &= 0x0fff;
+
+  if(chr_mode == 0) {
+    auto bank = chr_bg_bank[3];
+    return (bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x0fff);
+  }
+
+  if(chr_mode == 1) {
+    auto bank = chr_bg_bank[3];
+    return (bank * 0x1000) + (addr & 0x0fff);
+  }
+
+  if(chr_mode == 2) {
+    auto bank = chr_bg_bank[(addr / 0x0800) * 2 + 1];
+    return (bank * 0x0800) + (addr & 0x07ff);
+  }
+
+  if(chr_mode == 3) {
+    auto bank = chr_bg_bank[(addr / 0x0400)];
+    return (bank * 0x0400) + (addr & 0x03ff);
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned chr_vs_addr(unsigned addr) {
+  return (vs_bank * 0x1000) + (addr & 0x0ff8) + (vs_vpos & 7);
+}
+
+void blank() {
+  in_frame = false;
+}
+
+void scanline() {
+  hcounter = 0;
+
+  if(in_frame == false) {
+    in_frame = true;
+    irq_pending = false;
+    vcounter = 0;
+  } else {
+    if(vcounter == irq_line) irq_pending = true;
+    vcounter++;
+  }
+
+  cpu_cycle_counter = 0;
+}
+
+uint8 ciram_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(vs_fetch && (hcounter & 2) == 0) return exram[vs_vpos / 8 * 32 + vs_hpos / 8];
+  if(vs_fetch && (hcounter & 2) != 0) return exram[vs_vpos / 32 * 8 + vs_hpos / 32 + 0x03c0];
+
+  switch(nametable_mode[(addr >> 10) & 3]) {
+  case 0: return ppu.ciram_read(0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff));
+  case 1: return ppu.ciram_read(0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff));
+  case 2: return exram_mode < 2 ? exram[addr & 0x03ff] : 0x00;
+  case 3: return (hcounter & 2) == 0 ? fillmode_tile : fillmode_color;
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 chr_read(unsigned addr) {
+  chr_access[0] = chr_access[1];
+  chr_access[1] = chr_access[2];
+  chr_access[2] = chr_access[3];
+  chr_access[3] = addr;
+
+  //detect two unused nametable fetches at end of each scanline
+  if((chr_access[0] & 0x2000) == 0
+  && (chr_access[1] & 0x2000)
+  && (chr_access[2] & 0x2000)
+  && (chr_access[3] & 0x2000)) scanline();
+
+  if(in_frame == false) {
+    vs_fetch = false;
+    if(addr & 0x2000) return ciram_read(addr);
+    return board.chrrom.read(chr_active ? chr_bg_addr(addr) : chr_sprite_addr(addr));
+  }
+
+  bool bg_fetch = (hcounter < 256 || hcounter >= 320);
+  uint8 result = 0x00;
+
+  if((hcounter & 7) == 0) {
+    vs_hpos  = hcounter >= 320 ? hcounter - 320 : hcounter + 16;
+    vs_vpos  = vcounter + vs_scroll;
+    vs_fetch = vs_enable && bg_fetch && exram_mode < 2
+    && (vs_side ? vs_hpos / 8 >= vs_tile : vs_hpos / 8 < vs_tile);
+    if(vs_vpos >= 240) vs_vpos -= 240;
+
+    result = ciram_read(addr);
+
+    exbank = (chr_bank_hi << 6) | (exram[addr & 0x03ff] & 0x3f);
+    exattr = exram[addr & 0x03ff] >> 6;
+    exattr |= exattr << 2;
+    exattr |= exattr << 4;
+  } else if((hcounter & 7) == 2) {
+    result = ciram_read(addr);
+    if(bg_fetch && exram_mode == 1) result = exattr;
+  } else {
+    if(vs_fetch) result = board.chrrom.read(chr_vs_addr(addr));
+    else if(sprite_8x16 ? bg_fetch : chr_active) result = board.chrrom.read(chr_bg_addr(addr));
+    else result = board.chrrom.read(chr_sprite_addr(addr));
+    if(bg_fetch && exram_mode == 1) result = board.chrrom.read(exbank * 0x1000 + (addr & 0x0fff));
+  }
+
+  hcounter += 2;
+  return result;
+}
+
+void chr_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr & 0x2000) {
+    switch(nametable_mode[(addr >> 10) & 3]) {
+    case 0: return ppu.ciram_write(0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff), data);
+    case 1: return ppu.ciram_write(0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff), data);
+    case 2: exram[addr & 0x03ff] = data; break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  for(auto &n : exram) n = 0xff;
+
+  prg_mode = 3;
+  chr_mode = 0;
+  for(auto &n : prgram_write_protect) n = 0;
+  exram_mode = 0;
+  for(auto &n : nametable_mode) n = 0;
+  fillmode_tile = 0;
+  fillmode_color = 0;
+  ram_select = 0;
+  ram_bank = 0;
+  prg_bank[0] = 0x00;
+  prg_bank[1] = 0x00;
+  prg_bank[2] = 0x00;
+  prg_bank[3] = 0xff;
+  for(auto &n : chr_sprite_bank) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_bg_bank) n = 0;
+  chr_bank_hi = 0;
+  vs_enable = 0;
+  vs_side = 0;
+  vs_tile = 0;
+  vs_scroll = 0;
+  vs_bank = 0;
+  irq_line = 0;
+  irq_enable = 0;
+  multiplicand = 0;
+  multiplier = 0;
+
+  cpu_cycle_counter = 0;
+  irq_counter = 0;
+  irq_pending = 0;
+  in_frame = 0;
+  vcounter = 0;
+  hcounter = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_access) n = 0;
+  chr_active = 0;
+  sprite_8x16 = 0;
+
+  exbank = 0;
+  exattr = 0;
+
+  vs_fetch = 0;
+  vs_vpos = 0;
+  vs_hpos = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.array(exram);
+
+  s.integer(prg_mode);
+  s.integer(chr_mode);
+  for(auto &n : prgram_write_protect) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(exram_mode);
+  for(auto &n : nametable_mode) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(fillmode_tile);
+  s.integer(fillmode_color);
+  s.integer(ram_select);
+  s.integer(ram_bank);
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) s.integer(n);
+  for(auto &n : chr_sprite_bank) s.integer(n);
+  for(auto &n : chr_bg_bank) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(chr_bank_hi);
+  s.integer(vs_enable);
+  s.integer(vs_side);
+  s.integer(vs_tile);
+  s.integer(vs_scroll);
+  s.integer(vs_bank);
+  s.integer(irq_line);
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(multiplicand);
+  s.integer(multiplier);
+
+  s.integer(cpu_cycle_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_pending);
+  s.integer(in_frame);
+
+  s.integer(vcounter);
+  s.integer(hcounter);
+  for(auto &n : chr_access) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(chr_active);
+  s.integer(sprite_8x16);
+
+  s.integer(exbank);
+  s.integer(exattr);
+
+  s.integer(vs_fetch);
+  s.integer(vs_vpos);
+  s.integer(vs_hpos);
+}
+
+MMC5(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+  revision = Revision::MMC5;
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/mmc6.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+struct MMC6 : Chip {
+
+bool chr_mode;
+bool prg_mode;
+bool ram_enable;
+uint3 bank_select;
+uint8 prg_bank[2];
+uint8 chr_bank[6];
+bool mirror;
+bool ram_readable[2];
+bool ram_writable[2];
+uint8 irq_latch;
+uint8 irq_counter;
+bool irq_enable;
+unsigned irq_delay;
+bool irq_line;
+
+uint16 chr_abus;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(irq_delay) irq_delay--;
+    cpu.set_irq_line(irq_line);
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+void irq_test(unsigned addr) {
+  if(!(chr_abus & 0x1000) && (addr & 0x1000)) {
+    if(irq_delay == 0) {
+      if(irq_counter == 0) {
+        irq_counter = irq_latch;
+      } else if(--irq_counter == 0) {
+        if(irq_enable) irq_line = 1;
+      }
+    }
+    irq_delay = 6;
+  }
+  chr_abus = addr;
+}
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch((addr >> 13) & 3) {
+  case 0:
+    if(prg_mode == 1) return (0x3e << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+    return (prg_bank[0] << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  case 1:
+    return (prg_bank[1] << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  case 2:
+    if(prg_mode == 0) return (0x3e << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+    return (prg_bank[0] << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  case 3:
+    return (0x3f << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  if(chr_mode == 0) {
+    if(addr <= 0x07ff) return (chr_bank[0] << 10) | (addr & 0x07ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x0fff) return (chr_bank[1] << 10) | (addr & 0x07ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x13ff) return (chr_bank[2] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x17ff) return (chr_bank[3] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x1bff) return (chr_bank[4] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x1fff) return (chr_bank[5] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  } else {
+    if(addr <= 0x03ff) return (chr_bank[2] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x07ff) return (chr_bank[3] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x0bff) return (chr_bank[4] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x0fff) return (chr_bank[5] << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x17ff) return (chr_bank[0] << 10) | (addr & 0x07ff);
+    if(addr <= 0x1fff) return (chr_bank[1] << 10) | (addr & 0x07ff);
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  if(mirror == 0) return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+  if(mirror == 1) return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+}
+
+uint8 ram_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(ram_enable == false) return cpu.mdr();
+  if(ram_readable[0] == false && ram_readable[1] == false) return cpu.mdr();
+  bool region = addr & 0x0200;
+  if(ram_readable[region] == false) return 0x00;
+  return board.prgram.read((region * 0x0200) + (addr & 0x01ff));
+}
+
+void ram_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(ram_enable == false) return;
+  bool region = addr & 0x0200;
+  if(ram_writable[region] == false) return;
+  return board.prgram.write((region * 0x0200) + (addr & 0x01ff), data);
+}
+
+void reg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  switch(addr & 0xe001) {
+  case 0x8000:
+    chr_mode = data & 0x80;
+    prg_mode = data & 0x40;
+    ram_enable = data & 0x20;
+    bank_select = data & 0x07;
+    if(ram_enable == false) {
+      for(auto &n : ram_readable) n = false;
+      for(auto &n : ram_writable) n = false;
+    }
+    break;
+
+  case 0x8001:
+    switch(bank_select) {
+    case 0: chr_bank[0] = data & ~1; break;
+    case 1: chr_bank[1] = data & ~1; break;
+    case 2: chr_bank[2] = data; break;
+    case 3: chr_bank[3] = data; break;
+    case 4: chr_bank[4] = data; break;
+    case 5: chr_bank[5] = data; break;
+    case 6: prg_bank[0] = data & 0x3f; break;
+    case 7: prg_bank[1] = data & 0x3f; break;
+    }
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa000:
+    mirror = data & 0x01;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa001:
+    if(ram_enable == false) break;
+    ram_readable[1] = data & 0x80;
+    ram_writable[1] = data & 0x40;
+    ram_readable[0] = data & 0x20;
+    ram_writable[0] = data & 0x10;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xc000:
+    irq_latch = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xc001:
+    irq_counter = 0;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xe000:
+    irq_enable = false;
+    irq_line = 0;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xe001:
+    irq_enable = true;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  chr_mode = 0;
+  prg_mode = 0;
+  ram_enable = 0;
+  bank_select = 0;
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) n = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  for(auto &n : ram_readable) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : ram_writable) n = 0;
+  irq_latch = 0;
+  irq_counter = 0;
+  irq_enable = 0;
+  irq_delay = 0;
+  irq_line = 0;
+
+  chr_abus = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(chr_mode);
+  s.integer(prg_mode);
+  s.integer(ram_enable);
+  s.integer(bank_select);
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) s.integer(n);
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  for(auto &n : ram_readable) s.integer(n);
+  for(auto &n : ram_writable) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(irq_latch);
+  s.integer(irq_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_delay);
+  s.integer(irq_line);
+
+  s.integer(chr_abus);
+}
+
+MMC6(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/vrc1.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+struct VRC1 : Chip {
+
+uint4 prg_bank[3];
+uint4 chr_banklo[2];
+bool chr_bankhi[2];
+bool mirror;
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = 0x0f;
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0x8000) bank = prg_bank[0];
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xa000) bank = prg_bank[1];
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xc000) bank = prg_bank[2];
+  return (bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = chr_banklo[(bool)(addr & 0x1000)];
+  bank |= chr_bankhi[(bool)(addr & 0x1000)] << 4;
+  return (bank * 0x1000) + (addr & 0x0fff);  
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //vertical mirroring
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //horizontal mirroring
+  }
+  throw;
+}
+
+void reg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  switch(addr & 0xf000) {
+  case 0x8000:
+    prg_bank[0] = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x9000:
+    chr_bankhi[1] = data & 0x04;
+    chr_bankhi[0] = data & 0x02;
+    mirror = data & 0x01;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa000:
+    prg_bank[1] = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xc000:
+    prg_bank[2] = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xe000:
+    chr_banklo[0] = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf000:
+    chr_banklo[1] = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_banklo) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_bankhi) n = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) s.integer(n);
+  for(auto &n : chr_banklo) s.integer(n);
+  for(auto &n : chr_bankhi) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+}
+
+VRC1(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/vrc2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+struct VRC2 : Chip {
+
+uint5 prg_bank[2];
+uint8 chr_bank[8];
+uint2 mirror;
+bool latch;
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank;
+  switch(addr & 0xe000) {
+  case 0x8000: bank = prg_bank[0]; break;
+  case 0xa000: bank = prg_bank[1]; break;
+  case 0xc000: bank = 0x1e; break;
+  case 0xe000: bank = 0x1f; break;
+  }
+  return (bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[addr / 0x0400];
+  return (bank * 0x0400) + (addr & 0x03ff);
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //vertical mirroring
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //horizontal mirroring
+  case 2: return 0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff);                  //one-screen mirroring (first)
+  case 3: return 0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff);                  //one-screen mirroring (second)
+  }
+  throw;
+}
+
+uint8 ram_read(unsigned addr) {
+  if(board.prgram.size == 0) {
+    if((addr & 0xf000) == 0x6000) return cpu.mdr() | latch;
+    return cpu.mdr();
+  }
+  return board.prgram.read(addr & 0x1fff);
+}
+
+void ram_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(board.prgram.size == 0) {
+    if((addr & 0xf000) == 0x6000) latch = data & 0x01;
+    return;
+  }
+  return board.prgram.write(addr & 0x1fff, data);
+}
+
+void reg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  switch(addr) {
+  case 0x8000: case 0x8001: case 0x8002: case 0x8003:
+    prg_bank[0] = data & 0x1f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x9000: case 0x9001: case 0x9002: case 0x9003:
+    mirror = data & 0x03;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa000: case 0xa001: case 0xa002: case 0xa003:
+    prg_bank[1] = data & 0x1f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xb000: chr_bank[0] = (chr_bank[0] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xb001: chr_bank[0] = (chr_bank[0] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xb002: chr_bank[1] = (chr_bank[1] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xb003: chr_bank[1] = (chr_bank[1] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xc000: chr_bank[2] = (chr_bank[2] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xc001: chr_bank[2] = (chr_bank[2] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xc002: chr_bank[3] = (chr_bank[3] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xc003: chr_bank[3] = (chr_bank[3] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xd000: chr_bank[4] = (chr_bank[4] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xd001: chr_bank[4] = (chr_bank[4] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xd002: chr_bank[5] = (chr_bank[5] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xd003: chr_bank[5] = (chr_bank[5] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xe000: chr_bank[6] = (chr_bank[6] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xe001: chr_bank[6] = (chr_bank[6] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xe002: chr_bank[7] = (chr_bank[7] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xe003: chr_bank[7] = (chr_bank[7] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) n = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  latch = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) s.integer(n);
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  s.integer(latch);
+}
+
+VRC2(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/vrc3.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+struct VRC3 : Chip {
+
+uint4 prg_bank;
+bool irq_mode;
+bool irq_enable;
+bool irq_acknowledge;
+uint16 irq_latch;
+struct {
+  union {
+    uint16 w;
+    struct { uint8 order_lsb2(l, h); };
+  };
+} irq_counter;
+bool irq_line;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(irq_enable) {
+      if(irq_mode == 0) {  //16-bit
+        if(++irq_counter.w == 0) {
+          irq_line = 1;
+          irq_enable = irq_acknowledge;
+          irq_counter.w = irq_latch;
+        }
+      }
+      if(irq_mode == 1) {  //8-bit
+        if(++irq_counter.l == 0) {
+          irq_line = 1;
+          irq_enable = irq_acknowledge;
+          irq_counter.l = irq_latch;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    cpu.set_irq_line(irq_line);
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = (addr < 0xc000 ? (unsigned)prg_bank : 0x0f);
+  return (bank * 0x4000) + (addr & 0x3fff);
+}
+
+void reg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  switch(addr & 0xf000) {
+  case 0x8000: irq_latch = (irq_latch & 0xfff0) | ((data & 0x0f) <<  0); break;
+  case 0x9000: irq_latch = (irq_latch & 0xff0f) | ((data & 0x0f) <<  4); break;
+  case 0xa000: irq_latch = (irq_latch & 0xf0ff) | ((data & 0x0f) <<  8); break;
+  case 0xb000: irq_latch = (irq_latch & 0x0fff) | ((data & 0x0f) << 12); break;
+
+  case 0xc000:
+    irq_mode = data & 0x04;
+    irq_enable = data & 0x02;
+    irq_acknowledge = data & 0x01;
+    if(irq_enable) irq_counter.w = irq_latch;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xd000:
+    irq_line = 0;
+    irq_enable = irq_acknowledge;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf000:
+    prg_bank = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_bank = 0;
+  irq_mode = 0;
+  irq_enable = 0;
+  irq_acknowledge = 0;
+  irq_latch = 0;
+  irq_counter.w = 0;
+  irq_line = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(prg_bank);
+  s.integer(irq_mode);
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_acknowledge);
+  s.integer(irq_latch);
+  s.integer(irq_counter.w);
+  s.integer(irq_line);
+}
+
+VRC3(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/vrc4.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+struct VRC4 : Chip {
+
+bool prg_mode;
+uint5 prg_bank[2];
+uint2 mirror;
+uint8 chr_bank[8];
+
+uint8 irq_latch;
+bool irq_mode;
+bool irq_enable;
+bool irq_acknowledge;
+
+uint8 irq_counter;
+signed irq_scalar;
+bool irq_line;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(irq_enable) {
+      if(irq_mode == 0) {
+        irq_scalar -= 3;
+        if(irq_scalar <= 0) {
+          irq_scalar += 341;
+          if(irq_counter == 0xff) {
+            irq_counter = irq_latch;
+            irq_line = 1;
+          } else {
+            irq_counter++;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if(irq_mode == 1) {
+        if(irq_counter == 0xff) {
+          irq_counter = irq_latch;
+          irq_line = 1;
+        } else {
+          irq_counter++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    cpu.set_irq_line(irq_line);
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = 0, banks = board.prgrom.size / 0x2000;
+  switch(addr & 0xe000) {
+  case 0x8000: bank = prg_mode == 0 ? (unsigned)prg_bank[0] : banks - 2; break;
+  case 0xa000: bank = prg_bank[1]; break;
+  case 0xc000: bank = prg_mode == 0 ? banks - 2 : (unsigned)prg_bank[0]; break;
+  case 0xe000: bank = banks - 1; break;
+  }
+  return (bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[addr / 0x0400];
+  return (bank * 0x0400) + (addr & 0x03ff);
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //vertical mirroring
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //horizontal mirroring
+  case 2: return 0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff);                  //one-screen mirroring (first)
+  case 3: return 0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff);                  //one-screen mirroring (second)
+  }
+  throw;
+}
+
+void reg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  switch(addr) {
+  case 0x8000: case 0x8001: case 0x8002: case 0x8003:
+    prg_bank[0] = data & 0x1f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x9000: case 0x9001:
+    mirror = data & 0x03;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x9002: case 0x9003:
+    prg_mode = data & 0x02;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa000: case 0xa001: case 0xa002: case 0xa003:
+    prg_bank[1] = data & 0x1f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xb000: chr_bank[0] = (chr_bank[0] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xb001: chr_bank[0] = (chr_bank[0] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xb002: chr_bank[1] = (chr_bank[1] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xb003: chr_bank[1] = (chr_bank[1] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xc000: chr_bank[2] = (chr_bank[2] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xc001: chr_bank[2] = (chr_bank[2] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xc002: chr_bank[3] = (chr_bank[3] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xc003: chr_bank[3] = (chr_bank[3] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xd000: chr_bank[4] = (chr_bank[4] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xd001: chr_bank[4] = (chr_bank[4] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xd002: chr_bank[5] = (chr_bank[5] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xd003: chr_bank[5] = (chr_bank[5] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xe000: chr_bank[6] = (chr_bank[6] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xe001: chr_bank[6] = (chr_bank[6] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xe002: chr_bank[7] = (chr_bank[7] & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0); break;
+  case 0xe003: chr_bank[7] = (chr_bank[7] & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4); break;
+
+  case 0xf000:
+    irq_latch = (irq_latch & 0xf0) | ((data & 0x0f) << 0);
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf001:
+    irq_latch = (irq_latch & 0x0f) | ((data & 0x0f) << 4);
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf002:
+    irq_mode = data & 0x04;
+    irq_enable = data & 0x02;
+    irq_acknowledge = data & 0x01;
+    if(irq_enable) {
+      irq_counter = irq_latch;
+      irq_scalar = 341;
+    }
+    irq_line = 0;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf003:
+    irq_enable = irq_acknowledge;
+    irq_line = 0;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_mode = 0;
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) n = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) n = 0;
+
+  irq_latch = 0;
+  irq_mode = 0;
+  irq_enable = 0;
+  irq_acknowledge = 0;
+
+  irq_counter = 0;
+  irq_scalar = 0;
+  irq_line = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(prg_mode);
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) s.integer(n);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) s.integer(n);
+
+  s.integer(irq_latch);
+  s.integer(irq_mode);
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_acknowledge);
+
+  s.integer(irq_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_scalar);
+  s.integer(irq_line);
+}
+
+VRC4(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/vrc6.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+struct VRC6 : Chip {
+
+uint8 prg_bank[2];
+uint8 chr_bank[8];
+uint2 mirror;
+uint8 irq_latch;
+bool irq_mode;
+bool irq_enable;
+bool irq_acknowledge;
+
+uint8 irq_counter;
+signed irq_scalar;
+bool irq_line;
+
+struct Pulse {
+  bool mode;
+  uint3 duty;
+  uint4 volume;
+  bool enable;
+  uint12 frequency;
+
+  uint12 divider;
+  uint4 cycle;
+  uint4 output;
+
+  void clock() {
+    if(--divider == 0) {
+      divider = frequency + 1;
+      cycle++;
+      output = (mode == 1 || cycle > duty) ? volume : (uint4)0;
+    }
+
+    if(enable == false) output = 0;
+  }
+
+  void serialize(serializer &s) {
+    s.integer(mode);
+    s.integer(duty);
+    s.integer(volume);
+    s.integer(enable);
+    s.integer(frequency);
+
+    s.integer(divider);
+    s.integer(cycle);
+    s.integer(output);
+  }
+} pulse1, pulse2;
+
+struct Sawtooth {
+  uint6 rate;
+  bool enable;
+  uint12 frequency;
+
+  uint12 divider;
+  uint1 phase;
+  uint3 stage;
+  uint8 accumulator;
+  uint5 output;
+
+  void clock() {
+    if(--divider == 0) {
+      divider = frequency + 1;
+      if(++phase == 0) {
+        accumulator += rate;
+        if(++stage == 7) {
+          stage = 0;
+          accumulator = 0;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    output = accumulator >> 3;
+    if(enable == false) output = 0;
+  }
+
+  void serialize(serializer &s) {
+    s.integer(rate);
+    s.integer(enable);
+    s.integer(frequency);
+
+    s.integer(divider);
+    s.integer(phase);
+    s.integer(stage);
+    s.integer(accumulator);
+    s.integer(output);
+  }
+} sawtooth;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(irq_enable) {
+      if(irq_mode == 0) {
+        irq_scalar -= 3;
+        if(irq_scalar <= 0) {
+          irq_scalar += 341;
+          if(irq_counter == 0xff) {
+            irq_counter = irq_latch;
+            irq_line = 1;
+          } else {
+            irq_counter++;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if(irq_mode == 1) {
+        if(irq_counter == 0xff) {
+          irq_counter = irq_latch;
+          irq_line = 1;
+        } else {
+          irq_counter++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    cpu.set_irq_line(irq_line);
+
+    pulse1.clock();
+    pulse2.clock();
+    sawtooth.clock();
+    signed output = (pulse1.output + pulse2.output + sawtooth.output) << 7;
+    apu.set_sample(-output);
+
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  if((addr & 0xc000) == 0x8000) return (prg_bank[0] << 14) | (addr & 0x3fff);
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xc000) return (prg_bank[1] << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+  if((addr & 0xe000) == 0xe000) return (       0xff << 13) | (addr & 0x1fff);
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[(addr >> 10) & 7];
+  return (bank << 10) | (addr & 0x03ff);
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //vertical mirroring
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //horizontal mirroring
+  case 2: return 0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff);                  //one-screen mirroring (first)
+  case 3: return 0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff);                  //one-screen mirroring (second)
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 ram_read(unsigned addr) {
+  return board.prgram.data[addr & 0x1fff];
+}
+
+void ram_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  board.prgram.data[addr & 0x1fff] = data;
+}
+
+void reg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  switch(addr) {
+  case 0x8000: case 0x8001: case 0x8002: case 0x8003:
+    prg_bank[0] = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x9000:
+    pulse1.mode = data & 0x80;
+    pulse1.duty = (data & 0x70) >> 4;
+    pulse1.volume = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0x9001:
+    pulse1.frequency = (pulse1.frequency & 0x0f00) | ((data & 0xff) << 0);
+    break;
+
+  case 0x9002:
+    pulse1.frequency = (pulse1.frequency & 0x00ff) | ((data & 0x0f) << 8);
+    pulse1.enable = data & 0x80;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa000:
+    pulse2.mode = data & 0x80;
+    pulse2.duty = (data & 0x70) >> 4;
+    pulse2.volume = data & 0x0f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa001:
+    pulse2.frequency = (pulse2.frequency & 0x0f00) | ((data & 0xff) << 0);
+    break;
+
+  case 0xa002:
+    pulse2.frequency = (pulse2.frequency & 0x00ff) | ((data & 0x0f) << 8);
+    pulse2.enable = data & 0x80;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xb000:
+    sawtooth.rate = data & 0x3f;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xb001:
+    sawtooth.frequency = (sawtooth.frequency & 0x0f00) | ((data & 0xff) << 0);
+    break;
+
+  case 0xb002:
+    sawtooth.frequency = (sawtooth.frequency & 0x00ff) | ((data & 0x0f) << 8);
+    sawtooth.enable = data & 0x80;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xb003:
+    mirror = (data >> 2) & 3;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xc000: case 0xc001: case 0xc002: case 0xc003:
+    prg_bank[1] = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xd000: case 0xd001: case 0xd002: case 0xd003:
+    chr_bank[0 + (addr & 3)] = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xe000: case 0xe001: case 0xe002: case 0xe003:
+    chr_bank[4 + (addr & 3)] = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf000:
+    irq_latch = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf001:
+    irq_mode = data & 0x04;
+    irq_enable = data & 0x02;
+    irq_acknowledge = data & 0x01;
+    if(irq_enable) {
+      irq_counter = irq_latch;
+      irq_scalar = 341;
+    }
+    irq_line = 0;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf002:
+    irq_enable = irq_acknowledge;
+    irq_line = 0;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  prg_bank[0] = 0;
+  prg_bank[1] = 0;
+  chr_bank[0] = 0;
+  chr_bank[1] = 0;
+  chr_bank[2] = 0;
+  chr_bank[3] = 0;
+  chr_bank[4] = 0;
+  chr_bank[5] = 0;
+  chr_bank[6] = 0;
+  chr_bank[7] = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+  irq_latch = 0;
+  irq_mode = 0;
+  irq_enable = 0;
+  irq_acknowledge = 0;
+
+  irq_counter = 0;
+  irq_scalar = 0;
+  irq_line = 0;
+
+  pulse1.mode = 0;
+  pulse1.duty = 0;
+  pulse1.volume = 0;
+  pulse1.enable = 0;
+  pulse1.frequency = 0;
+
+  pulse1.divider = 1;
+  pulse1.cycle = 0;
+  pulse1.output = 0;
+
+  pulse2.mode = 0;
+  pulse2.duty = 0;
+  pulse2.volume = 0;
+  pulse2.enable = 0;
+  pulse2.frequency = 0;
+
+  pulse2.divider = 1;
+  pulse2.cycle = 0;
+  pulse2.output = 0;
+
+  sawtooth.rate = 0;
+  sawtooth.enable = 0;
+  sawtooth.frequency = 0;
+
+  sawtooth.divider = 1;
+  sawtooth.phase = 0;
+  sawtooth.stage = 0;
+  sawtooth.accumulator = 0;
+  sawtooth.output = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  pulse1.serialize(s);
+  pulse2.serialize(s);
+  sawtooth.serialize(s);
+
+  s.array(prg_bank);
+  s.array(chr_bank);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+  s.integer(irq_latch);
+  s.integer(irq_mode);
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_acknowledge);
+
+  s.integer(irq_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_scalar);
+  s.integer(irq_line);
+}
+
+VRC6(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cartridge/chip/vrc7.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+//Konami VRC7
+//Yamaha YM2413 OPLL audio - not emulated
+
+struct VRC7 : Chip {
+
+uint8 prg_bank[3];
+uint8 chr_bank[8];
+uint2 mirror;
+
+uint8 irq_latch;
+bool irq_mode;
+bool irq_enable;
+bool irq_acknowledge;
+
+uint8 irq_counter;
+signed irq_scalar;
+bool irq_line;
+
+void main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(irq_enable) {
+      if(irq_mode == 0) {
+        irq_scalar -= 3;
+        if(irq_scalar <= 0) {
+          irq_scalar += 341;
+          if(irq_counter == 0xff) {
+            irq_counter = irq_latch;
+            irq_line = 1;
+          } else {
+            irq_counter++;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if(irq_mode == 1) {
+        if(irq_counter == 0xff) {
+          irq_counter = irq_latch;
+          irq_line = 1;
+        } else {
+          irq_counter++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    cpu.set_irq_line(irq_line);
+
+    tick();
+  }
+}
+
+void reg_write(unsigned addr, uint8 data) {
+  switch(addr) {
+  case 0x8000: prg_bank[0] = data; break;
+  case 0x8010: prg_bank[1] = data; break;
+  case 0x9000: prg_bank[2] = data; break;
+  case 0x9010: break;  //APU addr port
+  case 0x9030: break;  //APU data port
+  case 0xa000: chr_bank[0] = data; break;
+  case 0xa010: chr_bank[1] = data; break;
+  case 0xb000: chr_bank[2] = data; break;
+  case 0xb010: chr_bank[3] = data; break;
+  case 0xc000: chr_bank[4] = data; break;
+  case 0xc010: chr_bank[5] = data; break;
+  case 0xd000: chr_bank[6] = data; break;
+  case 0xd010: chr_bank[7] = data; break;
+  case 0xe000: mirror = data & 0x03; break;
+
+  case 0xe010:
+    irq_latch = data;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf000:
+    irq_mode = data & 0x04;
+    irq_enable = data & 0x02;
+    irq_acknowledge = data & 0x01;
+    if(irq_enable) {
+      irq_counter = irq_latch;
+      irq_scalar = 341;
+    }
+    irq_line = 0;
+    break;
+
+  case 0xf010:
+    irq_enable = irq_acknowledge;
+    irq_line = 0;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+unsigned prg_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = 0;
+  switch(addr & 0xe000) {
+  case 0x8000: bank = prg_bank[0]; break;
+  case 0xa000: bank = prg_bank[1]; break;
+  case 0xc000: bank = prg_bank[2]; break;
+  case 0xe000: bank = 0xff; break;
+  }
+  return (bank * 0x2000) + (addr & 0x1fff);
+}
+
+unsigned chr_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  unsigned bank = chr_bank[addr / 0x0400];
+  return (bank * 0x0400) + (addr & 0x03ff);
+}
+
+unsigned ciram_addr(unsigned addr) const {
+  switch(mirror) {
+  case 0: return ((addr & 0x0400) >> 0) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //vertical mirroring
+  case 1: return ((addr & 0x0800) >> 1) | (addr & 0x03ff);  //horizontal mirroring
+  case 2: return 0x0000 | (addr & 0x03ff);                  //one-screen mirroring (first)
+  case 3: return 0x0400 | (addr & 0x03ff);                  //one-screen mirroring (second)
+  }
+}
+
+void power() {
+}
+
+void reset() {
+  for(auto &n : prg_bank) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : chr_bank) n = 0;
+  mirror = 0;
+
+  irq_latch = 0;
+  irq_mode = 0;
+  irq_enable = 0;
+  irq_acknowledge = 0;
+
+  irq_counter = 0;
+  irq_scalar = 0;
+  irq_line = 0;
+}
+
+void serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.array(prg_bank);
+  s.array(chr_bank);
+  s.integer(mirror);
+
+  s.integer(irq_latch);
+  s.integer(irq_mode);
+  s.integer(irq_enable);
+  s.integer(irq_acknowledge);
+
+  s.integer(irq_counter);
+  s.integer(irq_scalar);
+  s.integer(irq_line);
+}
+
+VRC7(Board &board) : Chip(board) {
+}
+
+};

bsnes/fc/cheat/cheat.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+Cheat cheat;
+
+bool Cheat::decode(const string &code_, unsigned &addr, unsigned &data, unsigned &comp) {
+  static bool initialize = false;
+  static uint8 mapProActionReplay[256], mapGameGenie[256];
+
+  if(initialize == false) {
+    initialize = true;
+
+    for(auto &n : mapProActionReplay) n = ~0;
+    mapProActionReplay['0'] =  0; mapProActionReplay['1'] =  1; mapProActionReplay['2'] =  2; mapProActionReplay['3'] =  3;
+    mapProActionReplay['4'] =  4; mapProActionReplay['5'] =  5; mapProActionReplay['6'] =  6; mapProActionReplay['7'] =  7;
+    mapProActionReplay['8'] =  8; mapProActionReplay['9'] =  9; mapProActionReplay['A'] = 10; mapProActionReplay['B'] = 11;
+    mapProActionReplay['C'] = 12; mapProActionReplay['D'] = 13; mapProActionReplay['E'] = 14; mapProActionReplay['F'] = 15;
+
+    for(auto &n : mapGameGenie) n = ~0;
+    mapGameGenie['A'] =  0; mapGameGenie['P'] =  1; mapGameGenie['Z'] =  2; mapGameGenie['L'] =  3;
+    mapGameGenie['G'] =  4; mapGameGenie['I'] =  5; mapGameGenie['T'] =  6; mapGameGenie['Y'] =  7;
+    mapGameGenie['E'] =  8; mapGameGenie['O'] =  9; mapGameGenie['X'] = 10; mapGameGenie['U'] = 11;
+    mapGameGenie['K'] = 12; mapGameGenie['S'] = 13; mapGameGenie['V'] = 14; mapGameGenie['N'] = 15;
+  }
+
+  string code = code_;
+  code.upper();
+  unsigned length = code.length(), bits = 0;
+
+  if(code.wildcard("????:??")) {
+    code = { substr(code, 0, 4), substr(code, 5, 2) };
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < 6; n++) if(mapProActionReplay[code[n]] > 15) return false;
+    bits = hex(code);
+    addr = (bits >> 8) & 0xffff;
+    data = (bits >> 0) & 0xff;
+    comp = ~0;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if(code.wildcard("????:??:??")) {
+    code = { substr(code, 0, 4), substr(code, 5, 2), substr(code, 8, 2) };
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < 8; n++) if(mapProActionReplay[code[n]] > 15) return false;
+    bits = hex(code);
+    addr = (bits >> 16) & 0xffff;
+    data = (bits >>  8) & 0xff;
+    comp = (bits >>  0) & 0xff;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if(length == 6) {
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < 6; n++) if(mapGameGenie[code[n]] > 15) return false;
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < 6; n++) bits |= mapGameGenie[code[n]] << (20 - n * 4);
+    unsigned addrTable[] = { 10, 9, 8, 7, 2, 1, 0, 19, 14, 13, 12, 11, 6, 5, 4 };
+    unsigned dataTable[] = { 23, 18, 17, 16, 3, 22, 21, 20 };
+
+    addr = 0x8000, data = 0x00, comp = ~0;
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < 15; n++) addr |= bits & (1 << addrTable[n]) ? 0x4000 >> n : 0;
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n <  8; n++) data |= bits & (1 << dataTable[n]) ?   0x80 >> n : 0;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if(length == 8) {
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < 8; n++) if(mapGameGenie[code[n]] > 15) return false;
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < 8; n++) bits |= mapGameGenie[code[n]] << (28 - n * 4);
+    unsigned addrTable[] = { 18, 17, 16, 15, 10, 9, 8, 27, 22, 21, 20, 19, 14, 13, 12 };
+    unsigned dataTable[] = { 31, 26, 25, 24, 3, 30, 29, 28 };
+    unsigned compTable[] = { 7, 2, 1, 0, 11, 6, 5,4 };
+
+    addr = 0x8000, data = 0x00, comp = 0x00;
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < 15; n++) addr |= bits & (1 << addrTable[n]) ? 0x4000 >> n : 0;
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n <  8; n++) data |= bits & (1 << dataTable[n]) ?   0x80 >> n : 0;
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n <  8; n++) comp |= bits & (1 << compTable[n]) ?   0x80 >> n : 0;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+void Cheat::synchronize() {
+  for(auto &n : override) n = false;
+
+  for(unsigned n = 0; n < size(); n++) {
+    override[operator[](n).addr] = true;
+  }
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/cheat/cheat.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+struct CheatCode {
+  unsigned addr;
+  unsigned data;
+  unsigned comp;
+};
+
+struct Cheat : public vector<CheatCode> {
+  static bool decode(const string &code, unsigned &addr, unsigned &data, unsigned &comp);
+
+  void synchronize();
+  bool override[65536];
+};
+
+extern Cheat cheat;

bsnes/fc/cpu/cpu.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+#include "timing.cpp"
+#include "serialization.cpp"
+CPU cpu;
+
+void CPU::Enter() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    cpu.main();
+  }
+}
+
+void CPU::main() {
+  if(status.interrupt_pending) {
+    interrupt();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  exec();
+}
+
+void CPU::add_clocks(unsigned clocks) {
+  apu.clock -= clocks;
+  if(apu.clock < 0 && scheduler.sync != Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) co_switch(apu.thread);
+
+  ppu.clock -= clocks;
+  if(ppu.clock < 0 && scheduler.sync != Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) co_switch(ppu.thread);
+
+  cartridge.clock -= clocks;
+  if(cartridge.clock < 0 && scheduler.sync != Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) co_switch(cartridge.thread);
+}
+
+void CPU::power() {
+  R6502::power();
+
+  for(unsigned addr = 0; addr < 0x0800; addr++) ram[addr] = 0xff;
+  ram[0x0008] = 0xf7;
+  ram[0x0009] = 0xef;
+  ram[0x000a] = 0xdf;
+  ram[0x000f] = 0xbf;
+}
+
+void CPU::reset() {
+  R6502::reset();
+  create(CPU::Enter, 21477272);
+
+  regs.pc  = bus.read(0xfffc) << 0;
+  regs.pc |= bus.read(0xfffd) << 8;
+
+  status.interrupt_pending = false;
+  status.nmi_pending = false;
+  status.nmi_line = 0;
+  status.irq_line = 0;
+  status.irq_apu_line = 0;
+
+  status.rdy_line = 1;
+  status.rdy_addr = { false, 0x0000 };
+
+  status.oam_dma_pending = false;
+  status.oam_dma_page = 0x00;
+
+  status.controller_latch = false;
+  status.controller_port0 = 0;
+  status.controller_port1 = 0;
+}
+
+uint8 CPU::debugger_read(uint16 addr) {
+  return bus.read(addr);
+}
+
+uint8 CPU::ram_read(uint16 addr) {
+  return ram[addr & 0x07ff];
+}
+
+void CPU::ram_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  ram[addr & 0x07ff] = data;
+}
+
+uint8 CPU::read(uint16 addr) {
+  if(addr == 0x4016) {
+    return (mdr() & 0xc0) | input.data(0);
+  }
+
+  if(addr == 0x4017) {
+    return (mdr() & 0xc0) | input.data(1);
+  }
+
+  return apu.read(addr);
+}
+
+void CPU::write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr == 0x4014) {
+    status.oam_dma_page = data;
+    status.oam_dma_pending = true;
+  }
+
+  if(addr == 0x4016) {
+    input.latch(data & 0x01);
+  }
+
+  return apu.write(addr, data);
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/cpu/cpu.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+struct CPU : Processor::R6502, Thread {
+  uint8 ram[0x0800];
+
+  struct Status {
+    bool interrupt_pending;
+    bool nmi_pending;
+    bool nmi_line;
+    bool irq_line;
+    bool irq_apu_line;
+
+    bool rdy_line;
+    optional<uint16> rdy_addr;
+
+    bool oam_dma_pending;
+    uint8 oam_dma_page;
+
+    bool controller_latch;
+    unsigned controller_port0;
+    unsigned controller_port1;
+  } status;
+
+  static void Enter();
+  void main();
+  void add_clocks(unsigned clocks);
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+
+  uint8 debugger_read(uint16 addr);
+
+  uint8 ram_read(uint16 addr);
+  void ram_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+
+  uint8 read(uint16 addr);
+  void write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+
+  //timing.cpp
+  uint8 op_read(uint16 addr);
+  void op_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+  void last_cycle();
+  void nmi(uint16 &vector);
+
+  void oam_dma();
+
+  void set_nmi_line(bool);
+  void set_irq_line(bool);
+  void set_irq_apu_line(bool);
+
+  void set_rdy_line(bool);
+  void set_rdy_addr(optional<uint16>);
+};
+
+extern CPU cpu;

bsnes/fc/cpu/serialization.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+void CPU::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  R6502::serialize(s);
+  Thread::serialize(s);
+
+  s.array(ram);
+
+  s.integer(status.interrupt_pending);
+  s.integer(status.nmi_pending);
+  s.integer(status.nmi_line);
+  s.integer(status.irq_line);
+  s.integer(status.irq_apu_line);
+
+  s.integer(status.rdy_line);
+  s.integer(status.rdy_addr.valid);
+  s.integer(status.rdy_addr.value);
+
+  s.integer(status.oam_dma_pending);
+  s.integer(status.oam_dma_page);
+
+  s.integer(status.controller_latch);
+  s.integer(status.controller_port0);
+  s.integer(status.controller_port1);
+}

bsnes/fc/cpu/timing.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+uint8 CPU::op_read(uint16 addr) {
+  if(status.oam_dma_pending) {
+    status.oam_dma_pending = false;
+    op_read(addr);
+    oam_dma();
+  }
+
+  while(status.rdy_line == 0) {
+    regs.mdr = bus.read(status.rdy_addr ? status.rdy_addr() : addr);
+    add_clocks(12);
+  }
+
+  regs.mdr = bus.read(addr);
+  add_clocks(12);
+  return regs.mdr;
+}
+
+void CPU::op_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  bus.write(addr, regs.mdr = data);
+  add_clocks(12);
+}
+
+void CPU::last_cycle() {
+  status.interrupt_pending = ((status.irq_line | status.irq_apu_line) & ~regs.p.i) | status.nmi_pending;
+}
+
+void CPU::nmi(uint16 &vector) {
+  if(status.nmi_pending) {
+    status.nmi_pending = false;
+    vector = 0xfffa;
+  }
+}
+
+void CPU::oam_dma() {
+  for(unsigned n = 0; n < 256; n++) {
+    uint8 data = op_read((status.oam_dma_page << 8) + n);
+    op_write(0x2004, data);
+  }
+}
+
+void CPU::set_nmi_line(bool line) {
+  //edge-sensitive (0->1)
+  if(!status.nmi_line && line) status.nmi_pending = true;
+  status.nmi_line = line;
+}
+
+void CPU::set_irq_line(bool line) {
+  //level-sensitive
+  status.irq_line = line;
+}
+
+void CPU::set_irq_apu_line(bool line) {
+  //level-sensitive
+  status.irq_apu_line = line;
+}
+
+void CPU::set_rdy_line(bool line) {
+  status.rdy_line = line;
+}
+
+void CPU::set_rdy_addr(optional<uint16> addr) {
+  status.rdy_addr = addr;
+}

bsnes/fc/fc.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#ifndef FC_HPP
+#define FC_HPP
+
+#include <emulator/emulator.hpp>
+#include <processor/r6502/r6502.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+  namespace Info {
+    static const char Name[] = "bnes";
+    static const unsigned SerializerVersion = 2;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+  bnes - Famicom emulator
+  authors: byuu, Ryphecha
+  license: GPLv3
+  project started: 2011-09-05
+*/
+
+#include <libco/libco.h>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+  struct Thread {
+    cothread_t thread;
+    unsigned frequency;
+    int64 clock;
+
+    inline void create(void (*entrypoint)(), unsigned frequency) {
+      if(thread) co_delete(thread);
+      thread = co_create(65536 * sizeof(void*), entrypoint);
+      this->frequency = frequency;
+      clock = 0;
+    }
+
+    inline void serialize(serializer &s) {
+      s.integer(frequency);
+      s.integer(clock);
+    }
+
+    inline Thread() : thread(nullptr) {
+    }
+
+    inline ~Thread() {
+      if(thread) co_delete(thread);
+    }
+  };
+
+  #include <fc/system/system.hpp>
+  #include <fc/scheduler/scheduler.hpp>
+  #include <fc/input/input.hpp>
+  #include <fc/memory/memory.hpp>
+  #include <fc/cartridge/cartridge.hpp>
+  #include <fc/cpu/cpu.hpp>
+  #include <fc/apu/apu.hpp>
+  #include <fc/ppu/ppu.hpp>
+  #include <fc/cheat/cheat.hpp>
+  #include <fc/video/video.hpp>
+  #include <fc/interface/interface.hpp>
+}
+
+#endif

bsnes/fc/input/input.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+#include "serialization.cpp"
+Input input;
+
+void Input::latch(bool data) {
+  latchdata = data;
+
+  if(latchdata == 1) {
+    counter1 = 0;
+    counter2 = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+bool Input::data(bool port) {
+  bool result = 0;
+
+  if(port == 0) {
+    if(port1 == Device::Joypad) {
+      if(counter1 >= 8) return 1;
+      result = interface->inputPoll(0, 0u, counter1);
+      if(latchdata == 0) counter1++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if(port == 1) {
+    if(port2 == Device::Joypad) {
+      if(counter2 >= 8) return 1;
+      result = interface->inputPoll(1, 0u, counter2);
+      if(latchdata == 0) counter2++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+void Input::connect(bool port, Device device) {
+  if(port == 0) port1 = device, counter1 = 0;
+  if(port == 1) port2 = device, counter2 = 0;
+}
+
+void Input::power() {
+}
+
+void Input::reset() {
+  latchdata = 0;
+  counter1 = 0;
+  counter2 = 0;
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/input/input.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+struct Input {
+  enum class Device : unsigned {
+    Joypad,
+    None,
+  };
+
+  void latch(bool data);
+  bool data(bool port);
+  void connect(bool port, Device device);
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+
+  void serialize(serializer &s);
+
+private:
+  Device port1;
+  Device port2;
+
+  bool latchdata;
+  unsigned counter1;
+  unsigned counter2;
+};
+
+extern Input input;

bsnes/fc/input/serialization.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+void Input::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer((unsigned&)port1);
+  s.integer((unsigned&)port2);
+
+  s.integer(latchdata);
+  s.integer(counter1);
+  s.integer(counter2);
+}

bsnes/fc/interface/interface.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+Interface *interface = nullptr;
+
+double Interface::videoFrequency() {
+  return 21477272.0 / (262.0 * 1364.0 - 4.0);
+}
+
+double Interface::audioFrequency() {
+  return 21477272.0 / 12.0;
+}
+
+bool Interface::loaded() {
+  return cartridge.loaded();
+}
+
+string Interface::sha256() {
+  return cartridge.sha256();
+}
+
+unsigned Interface::group(unsigned id) {
+  switch(id) {
+  case ID::ProgramROM:
+  case ID::ProgramRAM:
+  case ID::CharacterROM:
+  case ID::CharacterRAM:
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  throw;
+}
+
+void Interface::load(unsigned id, const string &manifest) {
+  cartridge.load(manifest);
+}
+
+void Interface::save() {
+  for(auto &memory : cartridge.memory) {
+    saveRequest(memory.id, memory.name);
+  }
+}
+
+void Interface::load(unsigned id, const stream &stream, const string &manifest) {
+  if(id == ID::ProgramROM) {
+    stream.read(cartridge.board->prgrom.data, min(cartridge.board->prgrom.size, stream.size()));
+  }
+
+  if(id == ID::ProgramRAM) {
+    stream.read(cartridge.board->prgram.data, min(cartridge.board->prgram.size, stream.size()));
+  }
+
+  if(id == ID::CharacterROM) {
+    stream.read(cartridge.board->chrrom.data, min(cartridge.board->chrrom.size, stream.size()));
+  }
+
+  if(id == ID::CharacterRAM) {
+    stream.read(cartridge.board->chrram.data, min(cartridge.board->chrram.size, stream.size()));
+  }
+}
+
+void Interface::save(unsigned id, const stream &stream) {
+  if(id == ID::ProgramRAM) {
+    stream.write(cartridge.board->prgram.data, cartridge.board->prgram.size);
+  }
+
+  if(id == ID::CharacterRAM) {
+    stream.write(cartridge.board->chrram.data, cartridge.board->chrram.size);
+  }
+}
+
+void Interface::unload() {
+  save();
+  cartridge.unload();
+}
+
+void Interface::power() {
+  system.power();
+}
+
+void Interface::reset() {
+  system.reset();
+}
+
+void Interface::run() {
+  system.run();
+}
+
+serializer Interface::serialize() {
+  system.runtosave();
+  return system.serialize();
+}
+
+bool Interface::unserialize(serializer &s) {
+  return system.unserialize(s);
+}
+
+void Interface::cheatSet(const lstring &list) {
+  cheat.reset();
+  for(auto &code : list) {
+    lstring codelist = code.split("+");
+    for(auto &part : codelist) {
+      unsigned addr, data, comp;
+      if(Cheat::decode(part, addr, data, comp)) cheat.append({addr, data, comp});
+    }
+  }
+  cheat.synchronize();
+}
+
+void Interface::paletteUpdate() {
+  video.generate_palette();
+}
+
+Interface::Interface() {
+  interface = this;
+
+  information.name        = "Famicom";
+  information.width       = 256;
+  information.height      = 240;
+  information.overscan    = true;
+  information.aspectRatio = 8.0 / 7.0;
+  information.resettable  = true;
+  information.capability.states = true;
+  information.capability.cheats = true;
+
+  media.append({ID::Famicom, "Famicom", "fc"});
+
+  {
+    Device device{0, ID::Port1 | ID::Port2, "Controller"};
+    device.input.append({0, 0, "A"     });
+    device.input.append({1, 0, "B"     });
+    device.input.append({2, 0, "Select"});
+    device.input.append({3, 0, "Start" });
+    device.input.append({4, 0, "Up"    });
+    device.input.append({5, 0, "Down"  });
+    device.input.append({6, 0, "Left"  });
+    device.input.append({7, 0, "Right" });
+    device.order = {4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 0, 2, 3};
+    this->device.append(device);
+  }
+
+  port.append({0, "Port 1"});
+  port.append({1, "Port 2"});
+
+  for(auto &device : this->device) {
+    for(auto &port : this->port) {
+      if(device.portmask & (1 << port.id)) {
+        port.device.append(device);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/interface/interface.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#ifndef FC_HPP
+namespace Famicom {
+#endif
+
+struct ID {
+  enum : unsigned {
+    System,
+    Famicom,
+  };
+
+  enum : unsigned {
+    ProgramROM,
+    ProgramRAM,
+    CharacterROM,
+    CharacterRAM,
+  };
+
+  enum : unsigned {
+    Port1 = 1,
+    Port2 = 2,
+  };
+};
+
+struct Interface : Emulator::Interface {
+  double videoFrequency();
+  double audioFrequency();
+
+  bool loaded();
+  string sha256();
+  unsigned group(unsigned id);
+  void load(unsigned id, const string &manifest);
+  void save();
+  void load(unsigned id, const stream &stream, const string &manifest = "");
+  void save(unsigned id, const stream &stream);
+  void unload();
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+  void run();
+
+  serializer serialize();
+  bool unserialize(serializer&);
+
+  void cheatSet(const lstring&);
+
+  void paletteUpdate();
+
+  Interface();
+
+private:
+  vector<Device> device;
+};
+
+extern Interface *interface;
+
+#ifndef FC_HPP
+}
+#endif

bsnes/fc/memory/memory.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+Bus bus;
+
+//$0000-07ff = RAM (2KB)
+//$0800-1fff = RAM (mirror)
+//$2000-2007 = PPU
+//$2008-3fff = PPU (mirror)
+//$4000-4017 = APU + I/O
+//$4018-ffff = Cartridge
+
+uint8 Bus::read(uint16 addr) {
+  uint8 data = cartridge.prg_read(addr);
+       if(addr <= 0x1fff) data = cpu.ram_read(addr);
+  else if(addr <= 0x3fff) data = ppu.read(addr);
+  else if(addr <= 0x4017) data = cpu.read(addr);
+
+  if(cheat.override[addr]) {
+    for(unsigned n = 0; n < cheat.size(); n++) {
+      if(cheat[n].addr == addr) {
+        if(cheat[n].comp > 255 || cheat[n].comp == data) {
+          data = cheat[n].data;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+void Bus::write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  cartridge.prg_write(addr, data);
+  if(addr <= 0x1fff) return cpu.ram_write(addr, data);
+  if(addr <= 0x3fff) return ppu.write(addr, data);
+  if(addr <= 0x4017) return cpu.write(addr, data);
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/memory/memory.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+struct Bus {
+  uint8 read(uint16 addr);
+  void write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+};
+
+extern Bus bus;

bsnes/fc/ppu/ppu.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,487 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+#include "serialization.cpp"
+PPU ppu;
+
+void PPU::Main() {
+  ppu.main();
+}
+
+void PPU::main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::PPU) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    raster_scanline();
+  }
+}
+
+void PPU::tick() {
+  if(status.ly == 240 && status.lx == 340) status.nmi_hold = 1;
+  if(status.ly == 241 && status.lx ==   0) status.nmi_flag = status.nmi_hold;
+  if(status.ly == 241 && status.lx ==   2) cpu.set_nmi_line(status.nmi_enable && status.nmi_flag);
+
+  if(status.ly == 260 && status.lx == 340) status.sprite_zero_hit = 0, status.sprite_overflow = 0;
+
+  if(status.ly == 260 && status.lx == 340) status.nmi_hold = 0;
+  if(status.ly == 261 && status.lx ==   0) status.nmi_flag = status.nmi_hold;
+  if(status.ly == 261 && status.lx ==   2) cpu.set_nmi_line(status.nmi_enable && status.nmi_flag);
+
+  clock += 4;
+  if(clock >= 0) co_switch(cpu.thread);
+
+  status.lx++;
+}
+
+void PPU::scanline() {
+  status.lx = 0;
+  if(++status.ly == 262) {
+    status.ly = 0;
+    frame();
+  }
+  cartridge.scanline(status.ly);
+}
+
+void PPU::frame() {
+  status.field ^= 1;
+  scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::FrameEvent);
+}
+
+void PPU::power() {
+}
+
+void PPU::reset() {
+  create(PPU::Main, 21477272);
+
+  status.mdr = 0x00;
+  status.field = 0;
+  status.ly = 0;
+  status.bus_data = 0x00;
+  status.address_latch = 0;
+
+  status.vaddr = 0x0000;
+  status.taddr = 0x0000;
+  status.xaddr = 0x00;
+
+  status.nmi_hold = 0;
+  status.nmi_flag = 0;
+
+  //$2000
+  status.nmi_enable = false;
+  status.master_select = 0;
+  status.sprite_size = 0;
+  status.bg_addr = 0x0000;
+  status.sprite_addr = 0x0000;
+  status.vram_increment = 1;
+
+  //$2001
+  status.emphasis = 0;
+  status.sprite_enable = false;
+  status.bg_enable = false;
+  status.sprite_edge_enable = false;
+  status.bg_edge_enable = false;
+  status.grayscale = false;
+
+  //$2002
+  status.sprite_zero_hit = false;
+  status.sprite_overflow = false;
+
+  //$2003
+  status.oam_addr = 0x00;
+
+  for(auto &n : buffer) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : ciram ) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : cgram ) n = 0;
+  for(auto &n : oam   ) n = 0;
+}
+
+uint8 PPU::read(uint16 addr) {
+  uint8 result = 0x00;
+
+  switch(addr & 7) {
+  case 2:  //PPUSTATUS
+    result |= status.nmi_flag << 7;
+    result |= status.sprite_zero_hit << 6;
+    result |= status.sprite_overflow << 5;
+    result |= status.mdr & 0x1f;
+    status.address_latch = 0;
+    status.nmi_hold = 0;
+    cpu.set_nmi_line(status.nmi_flag = 0);
+    break;
+  case 4:  //OAMDATA
+    result = oam[status.oam_addr];
+    if((status.oam_addr & 3) == 3) result &= 0xe3;
+    break;
+  case 7:  //PPUDATA
+    if(raster_enable() && (status.ly <= 240 || status.ly == 261)) return 0x00;
+
+    addr = status.vaddr & 0x3fff;
+    if(addr <= 0x1fff) {
+      result = status.bus_data;
+      status.bus_data = cartridge.chr_read(addr);
+    } else if(addr <= 0x3eff) {
+      result = status.bus_data;
+      status.bus_data = cartridge.chr_read(addr);
+    } else if(addr <= 0x3fff) {
+      result = cgram_read(addr);
+      status.bus_data = cartridge.chr_read(addr);
+    }
+    status.vaddr += status.vram_increment;
+    break;
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+void PPU::write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  status.mdr = data;
+
+  switch(addr & 7) {
+  case 0:  //PPUCTRL
+    status.nmi_enable = data & 0x80;
+    status.master_select = data & 0x40;
+    status.sprite_size = data & 0x20;
+    status.bg_addr = (data & 0x10) ? 0x1000 : 0x0000;
+    status.sprite_addr = (data & 0x08) ? 0x1000 : 0x0000;
+    status.vram_increment = (data & 0x04) ? 32 : 1;
+    status.taddr = (status.taddr & 0x73ff) | ((data & 0x03) << 10);
+    cpu.set_nmi_line(status.nmi_enable && status.nmi_hold && status.nmi_flag);
+    return;
+  case 1:  //PPUMASK
+    status.emphasis = data >> 5;
+    status.sprite_enable = data & 0x10;
+    status.bg_enable = data & 0x08;
+    status.sprite_edge_enable = data & 0x04;
+    status.bg_edge_enable = data & 0x02;
+    status.grayscale = data & 0x01;
+    return;
+  case 2:  //PPUSTATUS
+    return;
+  case 3:  //OAMADDR
+    status.oam_addr = data;
+    return;
+  case 4:  //OAMDATA
+    oam[status.oam_addr++] = data;
+    return;
+  case 5:  //PPUSCROLL
+    if(status.address_latch == 0) {
+      status.xaddr = data & 0x07;
+      status.taddr = (status.taddr & 0x7fe0) | (data >> 3);
+    } else {
+      status.taddr = (status.taddr & 0x0c1f) | ((data & 0x07) << 12) | ((data >> 3) << 5);
+    }
+    status.address_latch ^= 1;
+    return;
+  case 6:  //PPUADDR
+    if(status.address_latch == 0) {
+      status.taddr = (status.taddr & 0x00ff) | ((data & 0x3f) << 8);
+    } else {
+      status.taddr = (status.taddr & 0x7f00) | data;
+      status.vaddr = status.taddr;
+    }
+    status.address_latch ^= 1;
+    return;
+  case 7:  //PPUDATA
+    if(raster_enable() && (status.ly <= 240 || status.ly == 261)) return;
+
+    addr = status.vaddr & 0x3fff;
+    if(addr <= 0x1fff) {
+      cartridge.chr_write(addr, data);
+    } else if(addr <= 0x3eff) {
+      cartridge.chr_write(addr, data);
+    } else if(addr <= 0x3fff) {
+      cgram_write(addr, data);
+    }
+    status.vaddr += status.vram_increment;
+    return;
+  }
+}
+
+uint8 PPU::ciram_read(uint16 addr) {
+  return ciram[addr & 0x07ff];
+}
+
+void PPU::ciram_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  ciram[addr & 0x07ff] = data;
+}
+
+uint8 PPU::cgram_read(uint16 addr) {
+  if((addr & 0x13) == 0x10) addr &= ~0x10;
+  uint8 data = cgram[addr & 0x1f];
+  if(status.grayscale) data &= 0x30;
+  return data;
+}
+
+void PPU::cgram_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  if((addr & 0x13) == 0x10) addr &= ~0x10;
+  cgram[addr & 0x1f] = data;
+}
+
+//
+
+//vaddr = 0yyy VHYY  YYYX XXXX
+//yyy = fine Yscroll (y:d0-d2)
+//V = V nametable (y:d8)
+//H = H nametable (x:d8)
+//YYYYY = Y nametable (y:d3-d7)
+//XXXXX = X nametable (x:d3-d7)
+
+bool PPU::raster_enable() const {
+  return (status.bg_enable || status.sprite_enable);
+}
+
+unsigned PPU::nametable_addr() const {
+  return 0x2000 + (status.vaddr & 0x0c00);
+}
+
+unsigned PPU::scrollx() const {
+  return ((status.vaddr & 0x1f) << 3) | status.xaddr;
+}
+
+unsigned PPU::scrolly() const {
+  return (((status.vaddr >> 5) & 0x1f) << 3) | ((status.vaddr >> 12) & 7);
+}
+
+unsigned PPU::sprite_height() const {
+  return status.sprite_size == 0 ? 8 : 16;
+}
+
+//
+
+uint8 PPU::chr_load(uint16 addr) {
+  if(raster_enable() == false) return 0x00;
+  return cartridge.chr_read(addr);
+}
+
+//
+
+void PPU::scrollx_increment() {
+  if(raster_enable() == false) return;
+  status.vaddr = (status.vaddr & 0x7fe0) | ((status.vaddr + 0x0001) & 0x001f);
+  if((status.vaddr & 0x001f) == 0x0000) {
+    status.vaddr ^= 0x0400;
+  }
+}
+
+void PPU::scrolly_increment() {
+  if(raster_enable() == false) return;
+  status.vaddr = (status.vaddr & 0x0fff) | ((status.vaddr + 0x1000) & 0x7000);
+  if((status.vaddr & 0x7000) == 0x0000) {
+    status.vaddr = (status.vaddr & 0x7c1f) | ((status.vaddr + 0x0020) & 0x03e0);
+    if((status.vaddr & 0x03e0) == 0x03c0) {  //0x03c0 == 30 << 5; 30 * 8 = 240
+      status.vaddr &= 0x7c1f;
+      status.vaddr ^= 0x0800;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+//
+
+void PPU::raster_pixel() {
+  uint32 *output = buffer + status.ly * 256;
+
+  unsigned mask = 0x8000 >> (status.xaddr + (status.lx & 7));
+  unsigned palette = 0, object_palette = 0;
+  bool object_priority = 0;
+  palette |= (raster.tiledatalo & mask) ? 1 : 0;
+  palette |= (raster.tiledatahi & mask) ? 2 : 0;
+  if(palette) {
+    unsigned attr = raster.attribute;
+    if(mask >= 256) attr >>= 2;
+    palette |= (attr & 3) << 2;
+  }
+
+  if(status.bg_enable == false) palette = 0;
+  if(status.bg_edge_enable == false && status.lx < 8) palette = 0;
+
+  if(status.sprite_enable == true)
+  for(signed sprite = 7; sprite >= 0; sprite--) {
+    if(status.sprite_edge_enable == false && status.lx < 8) continue;
+    if(raster.oam[sprite].id == 64) continue;
+
+    unsigned spritex = status.lx - raster.oam[sprite].x;
+    if(spritex >= 8) continue;
+
+    if(raster.oam[sprite].attr & 0x40) spritex ^= 7;
+    unsigned mask = 0x80 >> spritex;
+    unsigned sprite_palette = 0;
+    sprite_palette |= (raster.oam[sprite].tiledatalo & mask) ? 1 : 0;
+    sprite_palette |= (raster.oam[sprite].tiledatahi & mask) ? 2 : 0;
+    if(sprite_palette == 0) continue;
+
+    if(raster.oam[sprite].id == 0 && palette && status.lx != 255) status.sprite_zero_hit = 1;
+    sprite_palette |= (raster.oam[sprite].attr & 3) << 2;
+
+    object_priority = raster.oam[sprite].attr & 0x20;
+    object_palette = 16 + sprite_palette;
+  }
+
+  if(object_palette) {
+    if(palette == 0 || object_priority == 0) palette = object_palette;
+  }
+
+  if(raster_enable() == false) palette = 0;
+  output[status.lx] = video.palette[(status.emphasis << 6) | cgram_read(palette)];
+}
+
+void PPU::raster_sprite() {
+  if(raster_enable() == false) return;
+
+  unsigned n = raster.oam_iterator++;
+  signed ly = (status.ly == 261 ? -1 : status.ly);
+  unsigned y = ly - oam[(n * 4) + 0];
+
+  if(y >= sprite_height()) return;
+  if(raster.oam_counter == 8) {
+    status.sprite_overflow = 1;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  raster.soam[raster.oam_counter].id   = n;
+  raster.soam[raster.oam_counter].y    = oam[(n * 4) + 0];
+  raster.soam[raster.oam_counter].tile = oam[(n * 4) + 1];
+  raster.soam[raster.oam_counter].attr = oam[(n * 4) + 2];
+  raster.soam[raster.oam_counter].x    = oam[(n * 4) + 3];
+  raster.oam_counter++;
+}
+
+void PPU::raster_scanline() {
+  if((status.ly >= 240 && status.ly <= 260)) {
+    for(unsigned x = 0; x < 341; x++) tick();
+    return scanline();
+  }
+
+  raster.oam_iterator = 0;
+  raster.oam_counter = 0;
+
+  for(unsigned n = 0; n < 8; n++) {
+    raster.soam[n].id   = 64;
+    raster.soam[n].y    = 0xff;
+    raster.soam[n].tile = 0xff;
+    raster.soam[n].attr = 0xff;
+    raster.soam[n].x    = 0xff;
+    raster.soam[n].tiledatalo = 0;
+    raster.soam[n].tiledatahi = 0;
+  }
+
+  for(unsigned tile = 0; tile < 32; tile++) {  //  0-255
+    unsigned nametable = chr_load(0x2000 | (status.vaddr & 0x0fff));
+    unsigned tileaddr = status.bg_addr + (nametable << 4) + (scrolly() & 7);
+    raster_pixel();
+    tick();
+
+    raster_pixel();
+    tick();
+
+    unsigned attribute = chr_load(0x23c0 | (status.vaddr & 0x0fc0) | ((scrolly() >> 5) << 3) | (scrollx() >> 5));
+    if(scrolly() & 16) attribute >>= 4;
+    if(scrollx() & 16) attribute >>= 2;
+    raster_pixel();
+    tick();
+
+    scrollx_increment();
+    if(tile == 31) scrolly_increment();
+    raster_pixel();
+    raster_sprite();
+    tick();
+
+    unsigned tiledatalo = chr_load(tileaddr + 0);
+    raster_pixel();
+    tick();
+
+    raster_pixel();
+    tick();
+
+    unsigned tiledatahi = chr_load(tileaddr + 8);
+    raster_pixel();
+    tick();
+
+    raster_pixel();
+    raster_sprite();
+    tick();
+
+    raster.nametable = (raster.nametable << 8) | nametable;
+    raster.attribute = (raster.attribute << 2) | (attribute & 3);
+    raster.tiledatalo = (raster.tiledatalo << 8) | tiledatalo;
+    raster.tiledatahi = (raster.tiledatahi << 8) | tiledatahi;
+  }
+
+  for(unsigned n = 0; n < 8; n++) raster.oam[n] = raster.soam[n];
+
+  for(unsigned sprite = 0; sprite < 8; sprite++) {  //256-319
+    unsigned nametable = chr_load(0x2000 | (status.vaddr & 0x0fff));
+    tick();
+
+    if(raster_enable() && sprite == 0) status.vaddr = (status.vaddr & 0x7be0) | (status.taddr & 0x041f);  //257
+    tick();
+
+    unsigned attribute = chr_load(0x23c0 | (status.vaddr & 0x0fc0) | ((scrolly() >> 5) << 3) | (scrollx() >> 5));
+    unsigned tileaddr = (sprite_height() == 8)
+    ? status.sprite_addr + raster.oam[sprite].tile * 16
+    : ((raster.oam[sprite].tile & ~1) * 16) + ((raster.oam[sprite].tile & 1) * 0x1000);
+    tick();
+    tick();
+
+    unsigned spritey = (status.ly - raster.oam[sprite].y) & (sprite_height() - 1);
+    if(raster.oam[sprite].attr & 0x80) spritey ^= (sprite_height() - 1);
+    tileaddr += spritey + (spritey & 8);
+
+    raster.oam[sprite].tiledatalo = chr_load(tileaddr + 0);
+    tick();
+    tick();
+
+    raster.oam[sprite].tiledatahi = chr_load(tileaddr + 8);
+    tick();
+    tick();
+
+    if(raster_enable() && sprite == 6 && status.ly == 261) status.vaddr = status.taddr;  //304
+  }
+
+  for(unsigned tile = 0; tile < 2; tile++) {  //320-335
+    unsigned nametable = chr_load(0x2000 | (status.vaddr & 0x0fff));
+    unsigned tileaddr = status.bg_addr + (nametable << 4) + (scrolly() & 7);
+    tick();
+    tick();
+
+    unsigned attribute = chr_load(0x23c0 | (status.vaddr & 0x0fc0) | ((scrolly() >> 5) << 3) | (scrollx() >> 5));
+    if(scrolly() & 16) attribute >>= 4;
+    if(scrollx() & 16) attribute >>= 2;
+    tick();
+
+    scrollx_increment();
+    tick();
+
+    unsigned tiledatalo = chr_load(tileaddr + 0);
+    tick();
+    tick();
+
+    unsigned tiledatahi = chr_load(tileaddr + 8);
+    tick();
+    tick();
+
+    raster.nametable = (raster.nametable << 8) | nametable;
+    raster.attribute = (raster.attribute << 2) | (attribute & 3);
+    raster.tiledatalo = (raster.tiledatalo << 8) | tiledatalo;
+    raster.tiledatahi = (raster.tiledatahi << 8) | tiledatahi;
+  }
+
+  //336-339
+  chr_load(0x2000 | (status.vaddr & 0x0fff));
+  tick();
+  bool skip = (raster_enable() && status.field == 1 && status.ly == 261);
+  tick();
+
+  chr_load(0x2000 | (status.vaddr & 0x0fff));
+  tick();
+  tick();
+
+  //340
+  if(skip == false) tick();
+
+  return scanline();
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/ppu/ppu.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+struct PPU : Thread {
+  static void Main();
+  void main();
+  void tick();
+
+  void scanline();
+  void frame();
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+
+  uint8 read(uint16 addr);
+  void write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+
+  uint8 ciram_read(uint16 addr);
+  void ciram_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+
+  uint8 cgram_read(uint16 addr);
+  void cgram_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+
+  bool raster_enable() const;
+  unsigned nametable_addr() const;
+  unsigned scrollx() const;
+  unsigned scrolly() const;
+  unsigned sprite_height() const;
+
+  uint8 chr_load(uint16 addr);
+
+  void scrollx_increment();
+  void scrolly_increment();
+
+  void raster_pixel();
+  void raster_sprite();
+  void raster_scanline();
+
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+
+  struct Status {
+    uint8 mdr;
+
+    bool field;
+    unsigned lx;
+    unsigned ly;
+
+    uint8 bus_data;
+
+    bool address_latch;
+
+    uint15 vaddr;
+    uint15 taddr;
+    uint8 xaddr;
+
+    bool nmi_hold;
+    bool nmi_flag;
+
+    //$2000
+    bool nmi_enable;
+    bool master_select;
+    bool sprite_size;
+    unsigned bg_addr;
+    unsigned sprite_addr;
+    unsigned vram_increment;
+
+    //$2001
+    uint3 emphasis;
+    bool sprite_enable;
+    bool bg_enable;
+    bool sprite_edge_enable;
+    bool bg_edge_enable;
+    bool grayscale;
+
+    //$2002
+    bool sprite_zero_hit;
+    bool sprite_overflow;
+
+    //$2003
+    uint8 oam_addr;
+  } status;
+
+  struct Raster {
+    uint16 nametable;
+    uint16 attribute;
+    uint16 tiledatalo;
+    uint16 tiledatahi;
+
+    unsigned oam_iterator;
+    unsigned oam_counter;
+
+    struct OAM {
+      uint8 id;
+      uint8 y;
+      uint8 tile;
+      uint8 attr;
+      uint8 x;
+
+      uint8 tiledatalo;
+      uint8 tiledatahi;
+    } oam[8], soam[8];
+  } raster;
+
+  uint32 buffer[256 * 262];
+  uint8 ciram[2048];
+  uint8 cgram[32];
+  uint8 oam[256];
+};
+
+extern PPU ppu;

bsnes/fc/ppu/serialization.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+void PPU::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Thread::serialize(s);
+
+  s.integer(status.mdr);
+
+  s.integer(status.field);
+  s.integer(status.lx);
+  s.integer(status.ly);
+
+  s.integer(status.bus_data);
+
+  s.integer(status.address_latch);
+
+  s.integer(status.vaddr);
+  s.integer(status.taddr);
+  s.integer(status.xaddr);
+
+  s.integer(status.nmi_hold);
+  s.integer(status.nmi_flag);
+
+  s.integer(status.nmi_enable);
+  s.integer(status.master_select);
+  s.integer(status.sprite_size);
+  s.integer(status.bg_addr);
+  s.integer(status.sprite_addr);
+  s.integer(status.vram_increment);
+
+  s.integer(status.emphasis);
+  s.integer(status.sprite_enable);
+  s.integer(status.bg_enable);
+  s.integer(status.sprite_edge_enable);
+  s.integer(status.bg_edge_enable);
+  s.integer(status.grayscale);
+
+  s.integer(status.sprite_zero_hit);
+  s.integer(status.sprite_overflow);
+
+  s.integer(status.oam_addr);
+
+  s.integer(raster.nametable);
+  s.integer(raster.attribute);
+  s.integer(raster.tiledatalo);
+  s.integer(raster.tiledatahi);
+
+  s.integer(raster.oam_iterator);
+  s.integer(raster.oam_counter);
+
+  for(unsigned n = 0; n < 8; n++) {
+    s.integer(raster.oam[n].id);
+    s.integer(raster.oam[n].y);
+    s.integer(raster.oam[n].tile);
+    s.integer(raster.oam[n].attr);
+    s.integer(raster.oam[n].x);
+
+    s.integer(raster.oam[n].tiledatalo);
+    s.integer(raster.oam[n].tiledatahi);
+  }
+
+  for(unsigned n = 0; n < 8; n++) {
+    s.integer(raster.soam[n].id);
+    s.integer(raster.soam[n].y);
+    s.integer(raster.soam[n].tile);
+    s.integer(raster.soam[n].attr);
+    s.integer(raster.soam[n].x);
+
+    s.integer(raster.soam[n].tiledatalo);
+    s.integer(raster.soam[n].tiledatahi);
+  }
+
+  s.array(buffer);
+  s.array(ciram);
+  s.array(cgram);
+  s.array(oam);
+}

bsnes/fc/scheduler/scheduler.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+Scheduler scheduler;
+
+void Scheduler::enter() {
+  host_thread = co_active();
+  co_switch(thread);
+}
+
+void Scheduler::exit(ExitReason reason) {
+  exit_reason = reason;
+  thread = co_active();
+  co_switch(host_thread);
+}
+
+void Scheduler::power() {
+}
+
+void Scheduler::reset() {
+  host_thread = co_active();
+  thread = cpu.thread;
+  sync = SynchronizeMode::None;
+  exit_reason = ExitReason::UnknownEvent;
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/scheduler/scheduler.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+struct Scheduler : property<Scheduler> {
+  enum class SynchronizeMode : unsigned { None, PPU, All } sync;
+  enum class ExitReason : unsigned { UnknownEvent, FrameEvent, SynchronizeEvent };
+  readonly<ExitReason> exit_reason;
+
+  cothread_t host_thread;  //program thread (used to exit emulation)
+  cothread_t thread;       //active emulation thread (used to enter emulation)
+
+  void enter();
+  void exit(ExitReason);
+
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+};
+
+extern Scheduler scheduler;

bsnes/fc/system/serialization.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+serializer System::serialize() {
+  serializer s(serialize_size);
+
+  unsigned signature = 0x31545342, version = Info::SerializerVersion;
+  char hash[64], description[512];
+  memcpy(&hash, (const char*)cartridge.sha256(), 64);
+  memset(&description, 0, sizeof description);
+
+  s.integer(signature);
+  s.integer(version);
+  s.array(hash);
+  s.array(description);
+
+  serialize_all(s);
+  return s;
+}
+
+bool System::unserialize(serializer &s) {
+  unsigned signature, version;
+  char hash[64], description[512];
+
+  s.integer(signature);
+  s.integer(version);
+  s.array(hash);
+  s.array(description);
+
+  if(signature != 0x31545342) return false;
+  if(version != Info::SerializerVersion) return false;
+
+  power();
+  serialize_all(s);
+  return true;
+}
+
+void System::serialize(serializer &s) {
+}
+
+void System::serialize_all(serializer &s) {
+  system.serialize(s);
+  input.serialize(s);
+  cartridge.serialize(s);
+  cpu.serialize(s);
+  apu.serialize(s);
+  ppu.serialize(s);
+}
+
+void System::serialize_init() {
+  serializer s;
+
+  unsigned signature = 0, version = 0;
+  char hash[64], description[512];
+
+  s.integer(signature);
+  s.integer(version);
+  s.array(hash);
+  s.array(description);
+
+  serialize_all(s);
+  serialize_size = s.size();
+}

bsnes/fc/system/system.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+namespace Famicom {
+
+#include "serialization.cpp"
+System system;
+
+void System::run() {
+  scheduler.enter();
+  if(scheduler.exit_reason() == Scheduler::ExitReason::FrameEvent) {
+    interface->videoRefresh(ppu.buffer, 4 * 256, 256, 240);
+  }
+}
+
+void System::runtosave() {
+  scheduler.sync = Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::PPU;
+  runthreadtosave();
+
+  scheduler.sync = Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All;
+  scheduler.thread = cpu.thread;
+  runthreadtosave();
+
+  scheduler.sync = Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All;
+  scheduler.thread = apu.thread;
+  runthreadtosave();
+
+  scheduler.sync = Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All;
+  scheduler.thread = cartridge.thread;
+  runthreadtosave();
+
+  scheduler.sync = Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::None;
+}
+
+void System::runthreadtosave() {
+  while(true) {
+    scheduler.enter();
+    if(scheduler.exit_reason() == Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent) break;
+    if(scheduler.exit_reason() == Scheduler::ExitReason::FrameEvent) {
+      interface->videoRefresh(ppu.buffer, 4 * 256, 256, 240);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void System::load() {
+  serialize_init();
+}
+
+void System::power() {
+  cartridge.power();
+  cpu.power();
+  apu.power();
+  ppu.power();
+  input.reset();
+  scheduler.power();
+  reset();
+}
+
+void System::reset() {
+  cartridge.reset();
+  cpu.reset();
+  apu.reset();
+  ppu.reset();
+  input.reset();
+  scheduler.reset();
+}
+
+void System::init() {
+  assert(interface != 0);
+  input.connect(0, Input::Device::Joypad);
+  input.connect(1, Input::Device::None);
+}
+
+void System::term() {
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/system/system.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+struct System {
+  void run();
+  void runtosave();
+  void runthreadtosave();
+
+  void load();
+  void power();
+  void reset();
+
+  void init();
+  void term();
+
+  serializer serialize();
+  bool unserialize(serializer&);
+
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+  void serialize_all(serializer&);
+  void serialize_init();
+  unsigned serialize_size;
+};
+
+extern System system;

bsnes/fc/video/video.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#include <fc/fc.hpp>
+
+#define VIDEO_CPP
+namespace Famicom {
+
+Video video;
+
+void Video::generate_palette() {
+  for(unsigned n = 0; n < (1 << 9); n++) palette[n] = generate_color(n, 2.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.8);
+}
+
+Video::Video() {
+  palette = new unsigned[1 << 9];
+}
+
+Video::~Video() {
+  delete[] palette;
+}
+
+uint32_t Video::generate_color(
+  unsigned n, double saturation, double hue,
+  double contrast, double brightness, double gamma
+) {
+  signed color = (n & 0x0f), level = color < 0xe ? (n >> 4) & 3 : 1;
+
+  static const double black = 0.518, white = 1.962, attenuation = 0.746;
+  static const double levels[8] = {
+    0.350, 0.518, 0.962, 1.550,
+    1.094, 1.506, 1.962, 1.962,
+  };
+
+  double lo_and_hi[2] = {
+    levels[level + 4 * (color == 0x0)],
+    levels[level + 4 * (color <  0xd)],
+  };
+
+  double y = 0.0, i = 0.0, q = 0.0;
+  auto wave = [](signed p, signed color) { return (color + p + 8) % 12 < 6; };
+  for(signed p = 0; p < 12; p++) {
+    double spot = lo_and_hi[wave(p, color)];
+
+    if(((n & 0x040) && wave(p, 12))
+    || ((n & 0x080) && wave(p,  4))
+    || ((n & 0x100) && wave(p,  8))
+    ) spot *= attenuation;
+
+    double v = (spot - black) / (white - black);
+
+    v = (v - 0.5) * contrast + 0.5;
+    v *= brightness / 12.0;
+
+    y += v;
+    i += v * std::cos((3.141592653 / 6.0) * (p + hue));
+    q += v * std::sin((3.141592653 / 6.0) * (p + hue));
+  }
+
+  i *= saturation;
+  q *= saturation;
+
+  auto gammaAdjust = [=](double f) { return f < 0.0 ? 0.0 : std::pow(f, 2.2 / gamma); };
+  unsigned r = 65535.0 * gammaAdjust(y +  0.946882 * i +  0.623557 * q);
+  unsigned g = 65535.0 * gammaAdjust(y + -0.274788 * i + -0.635691 * q);
+  unsigned b = 65535.0 * gammaAdjust(y + -1.108545 * i +  1.709007 * q);
+
+  return interface->videoColor(n, uclamp<16>(r), uclamp<16>(g), uclamp<16>(b));
+}
+
+}

bsnes/fc/video/video.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+struct Video {
+  unsigned *palette;
+  void generate_palette();
+
+  Video();
+  ~Video();
+
+private:
+  uint32_t generate_color(unsigned, double, double, double, double, double);
+};
+
+extern Video video;

bsnes/gb/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+gb_objects := gb-interface gb-system gb-scheduler
+gb_objects += gb-memory gb-cartridge
+gb_objects += gb-cpu gb-ppu gb-apu
+gb_objects += gb-cheat gb-video
+objects += $(gb_objects)
+
+obj/gb-interface.o: $(gb)/interface/interface.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/interface/)
+obj/gb-system.o:    $(gb)/system/system.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/system/)
+obj/gb-scheduler.o: $(gb)/scheduler/scheduler.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/scheduler/)
+obj/gb-cartridge.o: $(gb)/cartridge/cartridge.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/cartridge/)
+obj/gb-memory.o:    $(gb)/memory/memory.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/memory/)
+obj/gb-cpu.o:       $(gb)/cpu/cpu.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/cpu/)
+obj/gb-ppu.o:       $(gb)/ppu/ppu.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/ppu/)
+obj/gb-apu.o:       $(gb)/apu/apu.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/apu/)
+obj/gb-cheat.o:     $(gb)/cheat/cheat.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/cheat/)
+obj/gb-video.o:     $(gb)/video/video.cpp $(call rwildcard,$(gb)/video/)

bsnes/gb/apu/apu.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#include <gb/gb.hpp>
+
+#define APU_CPP
+namespace GameBoy {
+
+#include "square1/square1.cpp"
+#include "square2/square2.cpp"
+#include "wave/wave.cpp"
+#include "noise/noise.cpp"
+#include "master/master.cpp"
+#include "serialization.cpp"
+APU apu;
+
+void APU::Main() {
+  apu.main();
+}
+
+void APU::main() {
+  while(true) {
+    if(scheduler.sync == Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) {
+      scheduler.exit(Scheduler::ExitReason::SynchronizeEvent);
+    }
+
+    if(sequencer_base == 0) {  //512hz
+      if(sequencer_step == 0 || sequencer_step == 2 || sequencer_step == 4 || sequencer_step == 6) {  //256hz
+        square1.clock_length();
+        square2.clock_length();
+        wave.clock_length();
+        noise.clock_length();
+      }
+      if(sequencer_step == 2 || sequencer_step == 6) {  //128hz
+        square1.clock_sweep();
+      }
+      if(sequencer_step == 7) {  //64hz
+        square1.clock_envelope();
+        square2.clock_envelope();
+        noise.clock_envelope();
+      }
+      sequencer_step++;
+    }
+    sequencer_base++;
+
+    square1.run();
+    square2.run();
+    wave.run();
+    noise.run();
+    master.run();
+
+    interface->audioSample(master.left, master.right);
+
+    clock += cpu.frequency;
+    if(clock >= 0 && scheduler.sync != Scheduler::SynchronizeMode::All) co_switch(scheduler.active_thread = cpu.thread);
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::power() {
+  create(Main, 4 * 1024 * 1024);
+  for(unsigned n = 0xff10; n <= 0xff3f; n++) bus.mmio[n] = this;
+
+  for(auto &n : mmio_data) n = 0x00;
+  sequencer_base = 0;
+  sequencer_step = 0;
+
+  square1.power();
+  square2.power();
+  wave.power();
+  noise.power();
+  master.power();
+}
+
+uint8 APU::mmio_read(uint16 addr) {
+  static const uint8 table[48] = {
+    0x80, 0x3f, 0x00, 0xff, 0xbf,                          //square1
+    0xff, 0x3f, 0x00, 0xff, 0xbf,                          //square2
+    0x7f, 0xff, 0x9f, 0xff, 0xbf,                          //wave
+    0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0xbf,                          //noise
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x70,                                      //master
+    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,  //unmapped
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,        //wave pattern
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,        //wave pattern
+  };
+
+  if(addr == 0xff26) {
+    uint8 data = master.enable << 7;
+    if(square1.enable) data |= 0x01;
+    if(square2.enable) data |= 0x02;
+    if(   wave.enable) data |= 0x04;
+    if(  noise.enable) data |= 0x08;
+    return data | table[addr - 0xff10];
+  }
+
+  if(addr >= 0xff10 && addr <= 0xff3f) return mmio_data[addr - 0xff10] | table[addr - 0xff10];
+  return 0xff;
+}
+
+void APU::mmio_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data) {
+  if(addr >= 0xff10 && addr <= 0xff3f) mmio_data[addr - 0xff10] = data;
+
+  if(addr >= 0xff10 && addr <= 0xff14) return square1.write        (addr - 0xff10, data);
+  if(addr >= 0xff15 && addr <= 0xff19) return square2.write        (addr - 0xff15, data);
+  if(addr >= 0xff1a && addr <= 0xff1e) return    wave.write        (addr - 0xff1a, data);
+  if(addr >= 0xff1f && addr <= 0xff23) return   noise.write        (addr - 0xff1f, data);
+  if(addr >= 0xff24 && addr <= 0xff26) return  master.write        (addr - 0xff24, data);
+  if(addr >= 0xff30 && addr <= 0xff3f) return    wave.write_pattern(addr - 0xff30, data);
+}
+
+}

bsnes/gb/apu/apu.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+struct APU : Thread, MMIO {
+  #include "square1/square1.hpp"
+  #include "square2/square2.hpp"
+  #include "wave/wave.hpp"
+  #include "noise/noise.hpp"
+  #include "master/master.hpp"
+
+  uint8 mmio_data[48];
+  uint13 sequencer_base;
+  uint3 sequencer_step;
+
+  Square1 square1;
+  Square2 square2;
+  Wave wave;
+  Noise noise;
+  Master master;
+
+  static void Main();
+  void main();
+  void power();
+
+  uint8 mmio_read(uint16 addr);
+  void mmio_write(uint16 addr, uint8 data);
+
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+};
+
+extern APU apu;

bsnes/gb/apu/master/master.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#ifdef APU_CPP
+
+void APU::Master::run() {
+  if(enable == false) {
+    center = 0;
+    left   = 0;
+    right  = 0;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  signed sample = 0;
+  sample += apu.square1.output;
+  sample += apu.square2.output;
+  sample +=    apu.wave.output;
+  sample +=   apu.noise.output;
+  center = (sample * 512) - 16384;
+
+  sample = 0;
+  if(channel1_left_enable) sample += apu.square1.output;
+  if(channel2_left_enable) sample += apu.square2.output;
+  if(channel3_left_enable) sample +=    apu.wave.output;
+  if(channel4_left_enable) sample +=   apu.noise.output;
+  sample = (sample * 512) - 16384;
+  sample = (sample * (left_volume  + 1)) / 8;
+  left  = sample;
+
+  sample = 0;
+  if(channel1_right_enable) sample += apu.square1.output;
+  if(channel2_right_enable) sample += apu.square2.output;
+  if(channel3_right_enable) sample +=    apu.wave.output;
+  if(channel4_right_enable) sample +=   apu.noise.output;
+  sample = (sample * 512) - 16384;
+  sample = (sample * (right_volume + 1)) / 8;
+  right = sample;
+}
+
+void APU::Master::write(unsigned r, uint8 data) {
+  if(r == 0) {  //$ff24  NR50
+    left_in_enable  = data & 0x80;
+    left_volume     = (data >> 4) & 7;
+    right_in_enable = data & 0x08;
+    right_volume    = (data >> 0) & 7;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 1) {  //$ff25  NR51
+    channel4_left_enable  = data & 0x80;
+    channel3_left_enable  = data & 0x40;
+    channel2_left_enable  = data & 0x20;
+    channel1_left_enable  = data & 0x10;
+    channel4_right_enable = data & 0x08;
+    channel3_right_enable = data & 0x04;
+    channel2_right_enable = data & 0x02;
+    channel1_right_enable = data & 0x01;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 2) {  //$ff26  NR52
+    enable = data & 0x80;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Master::power() {
+  left_in_enable = 0;
+  left_volume = 0;
+  right_in_enable = 0;
+  right_volume = 0;
+  channel4_left_enable  = 0;
+  channel3_left_enable  = 0;
+  channel2_left_enable  = 0;
+  channel1_left_enable  = 0;
+  channel4_right_enable = 0;
+  channel3_right_enable = 0;
+  channel2_right_enable = 0;
+  channel1_right_enable = 0;
+  enable = 0;
+
+  center = 0;
+  left   = 0;
+  right  = 0;
+}
+
+void APU::Master::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(left_in_enable);
+  s.integer(left_volume);
+  s.integer(right_in_enable);
+  s.integer(right_volume);
+  s.integer(channel4_left_enable);
+  s.integer(channel3_left_enable);
+  s.integer(channel2_left_enable);
+  s.integer(channel1_left_enable);
+  s.integer(channel4_right_enable);
+  s.integer(channel3_right_enable);
+  s.integer(channel2_right_enable);
+  s.integer(channel1_right_enable);
+  s.integer(enable);
+
+  s.integer(center);
+  s.integer(left);
+  s.integer(right);
+}
+
+#endif

bsnes/gb/apu/master/master.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+struct Master {
+  bool left_in_enable;
+  uint3 left_volume;
+  bool right_in_enable;
+  uint3 right_volume;
+  bool channel4_left_enable;
+  bool channel3_left_enable;
+  bool channel2_left_enable;
+  bool channel1_left_enable;
+  bool channel4_right_enable;
+  bool channel3_right_enable;
+  bool channel2_right_enable;
+  bool channel1_right_enable;
+  bool enable;
+
+  int16 center;
+  int16 left;
+  int16 right;
+
+  void run();
+  void write(unsigned r, uint8 data);
+  void power();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+};

bsnes/gb/apu/noise/noise.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#ifdef APU_CPP
+
+bool APU::Noise::dac_enable() {
+  return (envelope_volume || envelope_direction);
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::run() {
+  if(period && --period == 0) {
+    period = divisor << frequency;
+    if(frequency < 14) {
+      bool bit = (lfsr ^ (lfsr >> 1)) & 1;
+      lfsr = (lfsr >> 1) ^ (bit << (narrow_lfsr ? 6 : 14));
+    }
+  }
+
+  uint4 sample = (lfsr & 1) ? (uint4)0 : volume;
+  if(enable == false) sample = 0;
+
+  output = sample;
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::clock_length() {
+//if(counter && length) {
+//  if(--length == 0) enable = false;
+//}
+  if(enable && counter) {
+    if(++length == 0) enable = false;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::clock_envelope() {
+  if(enable && envelope_frequency && --envelope_period == 0) {
+    envelope_period = envelope_frequency;
+    if(envelope_direction == 0 && volume >  0) volume--;
+    if(envelope_direction == 1 && volume < 15) volume++;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::write(unsigned r, uint8 data) {
+  if(r == 1) {  //$ff20  NR41
+  //length = 64 - (data & 0x3f);
+    length = data & 0x3f;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 2) {  //$ff21  NR42
+    envelope_volume = data >> 4;
+    envelope_direction = data & 0x08;
+    envelope_frequency = data & 0x07;
+    if(dac_enable() == false) enable = false;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 3) {  //$ff22  NR43
+    frequency = data >> 4;
+    narrow_lfsr = data & 0x08;
+    divisor = (data & 0x07) << 4;
+    if(divisor == 0) divisor = 8;
+    period = divisor << frequency;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 4) {  //$ff34  NR44
+    bool initialize = data & 0x80;
+    counter = data & 0x40;
+
+    if(initialize) {
+      enable = dac_enable();
+      lfsr = ~0U;
+      envelope_period = envelope_frequency;
+      volume = envelope_volume;
+    //if(length == 0) length = 64;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::power() {
+  enable = 0;
+
+  envelope_volume = 0;
+  envelope_direction = 0;
+  envelope_frequency = 0;
+  frequency = 0;
+  narrow_lfsr = 0;
+  divisor = 0;
+  counter = 0;
+
+  output = 0;
+  length = 0;
+  envelope_period = 0;
+  volume = 0;
+  period = 0;
+  lfsr = 0;
+}
+
+void APU::Noise::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(enable);
+
+  s.integer(envelope_volume);
+  s.integer(envelope_direction);
+  s.integer(envelope_frequency);
+  s.integer(frequency);
+  s.integer(narrow_lfsr);
+  s.integer(divisor);
+  s.integer(counter);
+
+  s.integer(output);
+  s.integer(length);
+  s.integer(envelope_period);
+  s.integer(volume);
+  s.integer(period);
+  s.integer(lfsr);
+}
+
+#endif

bsnes/gb/apu/noise/noise.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+struct Noise {
+  bool enable;
+
+  uint4 envelope_volume;
+  bool envelope_direction;
+  uint3 envelope_frequency;
+  uint4 frequency;
+  bool narrow_lfsr;
+  unsigned divisor;
+  bool counter;
+
+  int16 output;
+  uint6 length;
+  uint3 envelope_period;
+  uint4 volume;
+  unsigned period;
+  uint15 lfsr;
+
+  bool dac_enable();
+
+  void run();
+  void clock_length();
+  void clock_envelope();
+  void write(unsigned r, uint8 data);
+  void power();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+};

bsnes/gb/apu/serialization.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifdef APU_CPP
+
+void APU::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  Thread::serialize(s);
+
+  s.array(mmio_data);
+  s.integer(sequencer_base);
+  s.integer(sequencer_step);
+
+  square1.serialize(s);
+  square2.serialize(s);
+  wave.serialize(s);
+  noise.serialize(s);
+  master.serialize(s);
+}
+
+#endif

bsnes/gb/apu/square1/square1.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+#ifdef APU_CPP
+
+bool APU::Square1::dac_enable() {
+  return (envelope_volume || envelope_direction);
+}
+
+void APU::Square1::run() {
+  if(period && --period == 0) {
+    period = 4 * (2048 - frequency);
+    phase++;
+    switch(duty) {
+      case 0: duty_output = (phase == 6); break;  //______-_
+      case 1: duty_output = (phase >= 6); break;  //______--
+      case 2: duty_output = (phase >= 4); break;  //____----
+      case 3: duty_output = (phase <= 5); break;  //------__
+    }
+  }
+
+  uint4 sample = (duty_output ? volume : (uint4)0);
+  if(enable == false) sample = 0;
+
+  output = sample;
+}
+
+void APU::Square1::sweep(bool update) {
+  if(sweep_enable == false) return;
+
+  sweep_negate = sweep_direction;
+  unsigned delta = frequency_shadow >> sweep_shift;
+  signed freq = frequency_shadow + (sweep_negate ? -delta : delta);
+
+  if(freq > 2047) {
+    enable = false;
+  } else if(sweep_shift && update) {
+    frequency_shadow = freq;
+    frequency = freq & 2047;
+    period = 4 * (2048 - frequency);
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Square1::clock_length() {
+//if(counter && length) {
+//  if(--length == 0) enable = false;
+//}
+
+  if(counter && enable) {
+    if(++length == 0) enable = false;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Square1::clock_sweep() {
+  if(enable && sweep_frequency && --sweep_period == 0) {
+    sweep_period = sweep_frequency;
+    sweep(1);
+    sweep(0);
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Square1::clock_envelope() {
+  if(enable && envelope_frequency && --envelope_period == 0) {
+    envelope_period = envelope_frequency;
+    if(envelope_direction == 0 && volume >  0) volume--;
+    if(envelope_direction == 1 && volume < 15) volume++;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Square1::write(unsigned r, uint8 data) {
+  if(r == 0) {  //$ff10  NR10
+    if(sweep_negate && sweep_direction && !(data & 0x08)) enable = false;
+    sweep_frequency = (data >> 4) & 7;
+    sweep_direction = data & 0x08;
+    sweep_shift = data & 0x07;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 1) {  //$ff11  NR11
+    duty = data >> 6;
+  //length = 64 - (data & 0x3f);
+    length = data & 0x3f;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 2) {  //$ff12  NR12
+    envelope_volume = data >> 4;
+    envelope_direction = data & 0x08;
+    envelope_frequency = data & 0x07;
+    if(dac_enable() == false) enable = false;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 3) {  //$ff13  NR13
+    frequency = (frequency & 0x0700) | data;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 4) {  //$ff14  NR14
+    bool initialize = data & 0x80;
+    counter = data & 0x40;
+    frequency = ((data & 7) << 8) | (frequency & 0x00ff);
+
+    if(initialize) {
+      enable = dac_enable();
+      period = 4 * (2048 - frequency);
+      envelope_period = envelope_frequency;
+      volume = envelope_volume;
+      frequency_shadow = frequency;
+      sweep_period = sweep_frequency;
+      sweep_enable = sweep_period || sweep_shift;
+      sweep_negate = false;
+      if(sweep_shift) sweep(0);
+    //if(length == 0) length = 64;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Square1::power() {
+  enable = 0;
+
+  sweep_frequency = 0;
+  sweep_direction = 0;
+  sweep_shift = 0;
+  sweep_negate = 0;
+  duty = 0;
+  length = 0;
+  envelope_volume = 0;
+  envelope_direction = 0;
+  envelope_frequency = 0;
+  frequency = 0;
+  counter = 0;
+
+  output = 0;
+  duty_output = 0;
+  phase = 0;
+  period = 0;
+  envelope_period = 0;
+  sweep_period = 0;
+  frequency_shadow = 0;
+  sweep_enable = 0;
+  volume = 0;
+}
+
+void APU::Square1::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(enable);
+
+  s.integer(sweep_frequency);
+  s.integer(sweep_direction);
+  s.integer(sweep_shift);
+  s.integer(sweep_negate);
+  s.integer(duty);
+  s.integer(length);
+  s.integer(envelope_volume);
+  s.integer(envelope_direction);
+  s.integer(envelope_frequency);
+  s.integer(frequency);
+  s.integer(counter);
+
+  s.integer(output);
+  s.integer(duty_output);
+  s.integer(phase);
+  s.integer(period);
+  s.integer(envelope_period);
+  s.integer(sweep_period);
+  s.integer(frequency_shadow);
+  s.integer(sweep_enable);
+  s.integer(volume);
+}
+
+#endif

bsnes/gb/apu/square1/square1.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+struct Square1 {
+  bool enable;
+
+  uint3 sweep_frequency;
+  bool sweep_direction;
+  uint3 sweep_shift;
+  bool sweep_negate;
+  uint2 duty;
+  uint6 length;
+  uint4 envelope_volume;
+  bool envelope_direction;
+  uint3 envelope_frequency;
+  uint11 frequency;
+  bool counter;
+
+  int16 output;
+  bool duty_output;
+  uint3 phase;
+  unsigned period;
+  uint3 envelope_period;
+  uint3 sweep_period;
+  signed frequency_shadow;
+  bool sweep_enable;
+  uint4 volume;
+
+  bool dac_enable();
+
+  void run();
+  void sweep(bool update);
+  void clock_length();
+  void clock_sweep();
+  void clock_envelope();
+  void write(unsigned r, uint8 data);
+  void power();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+};

bsnes/gb/apu/square2/square2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#ifdef APU_CPP
+
+bool APU::Square2::dac_enable() {
+  return (envelope_volume || envelope_direction);
+}
+
+void APU::Square2::run() {
+  if(period && --period == 0) {
+    period = 4 * (2048 - frequency);
+    phase++;
+    switch(duty) {
+      case 0: duty_output = (phase == 6); break;  //______-_
+      case 1: duty_output = (phase >= 6); break;  //______--
+      case 2: duty_output = (phase >= 4); break;  //____----
+      case 3: duty_output = (phase <= 5); break;  //------__
+    }
+  }
+
+  uint4 sample = (duty_output ? volume : (uint4)0);
+  if(enable == false) sample = 0;
+
+  output = sample;
+}
+
+void APU::Square2::clock_length() {
+//if(counter && length) {
+//  if(--length == 0) enable = false;
+//}
+
+  if(counter && enable) {
+    if(++length == 0) enable = false;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Square2::clock_envelope() {
+  if(enable && envelope_frequency && --envelope_period == 0) {
+    envelope_period = envelope_frequency;
+    if(envelope_direction == 0 && volume >  0) volume--;
+    if(envelope_direction == 1 && volume < 15) volume++;
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Square2::write(unsigned r, uint8 data) {
+  if(r == 1) {  //$ff16  NR21
+    duty = data >> 6;
+  //length = 64 - (data & 0x3f);
+    length = (data & 0x3f);
+  }
+
+  if(r == 2) {  //$ff17  NR22
+    envelope_volume = data >> 4;
+    envelope_direction = data & 0x08;
+    envelope_frequency = data & 0x07;
+    if(dac_enable() == false) enable = false;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 3) {  //$ff18  NR23
+    frequency = (frequency & 0x0700) | data;
+  }
+
+  if(r == 4) {  //$ff19  NR24
+    bool initialize = data & 0x80;
+    counter = data & 0x40;
+    frequency = ((data & 7) << 8) | (frequency & 0x00ff);
+
+    if(initialize) {
+      enable = dac_enable();
+      period = 4 * (2048 - frequency);
+      envelope_period = envelope_frequency;
+      volume = envelope_volume;
+    //if(length == 0) length = 64;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void APU::Square2::power() {
+  enable = 0;
+
+  duty = 0;
+  length = 0;
+  envelope_volume = 0;
+  envelope_direction = 0;
+  envelope_frequency = 0;
+  frequency = 0;
+  counter = 0;
+
+  output = 0;
+  duty_output = 0;
+  phase = 0;
+  period = 0;
+  envelope_period = 0;
+  volume = 0;
+}
+
+void APU::Square2::serialize(serializer &s) {
+  s.integer(enable);
+
+  s.integer(duty);
+  s.integer(length);
+  s.integer(envelope_volume);
+  s.integer(envelope_direction);
+  s.integer(envelope_frequency);
+  s.integer(frequency);
+  s.integer(counter);
+
+  s.integer(output);
+  s.integer(duty_output);
+  s.integer(phase);
+  s.integer(period);
+  s.integer(envelope_period);
+  s.integer(volume);
+}
+
+#endif

bsnes/gb/apu/square2/square2.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+struct Square2 {
+  bool enable;
+
+  uint2 duty;
+  uint6 length;
+  uint4 envelope_volume;
+  bool envelope_direction;
+  uint3 envelope_frequency;
+  uint11 frequency;
+  bool counter;
+
+  int16 output;
+  bool duty_output;
+  uint3 phase;
+  unsigned period;
+  uint3 envelope_period;
+  uint4 volume;
+
+  bool dac_enable();
+
+  void run();
+  void clock_length();
+  void clock_envelope();
+  void write(unsigned r, uint8 data);
+  void power();
+  void serialize(serializer&);
+};